CN104304824B - A kind of raw fish of preventing and treating tells material, the feed addictive of alleviation heat stress - Google Patents
A kind of raw fish of preventing and treating tells material, the feed addictive of alleviation heat stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN104304824B CN104304824B CN201410649483.8A CN201410649483A CN104304824B CN 104304824 B CN104304824 B CN 104304824B CN 201410649483 A CN201410649483 A CN 201410649483A CN 104304824 B CN104304824 B CN 104304824B
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- raw fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The present invention provides and a kind of can prevent and treat raw fish and tell material, the feed addictive of alleviation physiological responses to heat stress, including the root of large-flowered skullcap, caulis bambusae in taenian, reed rhizome, the banksia rose, oligosaccharides, dimethyl beta DMPT, nucleotides, vitamin C, wheat-middlings.In raw fish basal feed, supplement feed addictive of the present invention can accelerate chyme in GI emptying, prevent and treat raw fish and tell material, promote raw fish to ingest, while intestinal health can be promoted, improve digestive enzyme activity, improve feed efficiency, increase productivity effect.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to a kind of feeding additive aquatic animal, and in particular to a kind of raw fish of preventing and treating tells material, alleviates the feeding of heat stress
Feed additives.
【Background technology】
Raw fish, scientific name hybridized snakehead fish belong to the distant hybrid progeny of snakehead and snakehead, are the important economic fish cultivation of China
One of kind, because of delicious meat, nutritious, is widely loved by the people, and the cultured area in only Guangdong Province just exceedes at present
5000hm2.Raw fish suitable growth temperature is 25～28 DEG C, fish fast growing period of making a living in 6-9 months, but 6-9 months are in the summer
In season, especially in In Guangdong Province, high-temperature duration is long, and water temperature often exceeds 30 DEG C, easily causes raw fish physiological responses to heat stress.Work as animal
By most distinct feature is that during heat stress that feed intake declines.When this is due to by heat stress, animal sympathetic activation, stomach and intestine
Road hypomotility, digestive juice secretion are reduced, and enzymatic activity is reduced, and indigestion causes chyme dead time in the gastrointestinal tract to prolong
Long, one side chyme fills intestines and stomach, and feeding center is suppressed, causes animal feed intake to decline, and another aspect chyme is in stomach and intestine
Fermentation gas in road, cause animal that inverse phenomenon of vomitting occurs.6-9 months, common expanded pellet diet are swum on the water surface of pond, and raw fish is refused
Food, or even also there is inverse phenomenon of vomitting, caused raw fish poor growth, body to become thin for a long time in the past, immunity degradation, the death rate increase
Plus, huge economic loss is brought to raiser.Therefore it is to ensure the fast fast-growing of summer raw fish health to alleviate raw fish physiological responses to heat stress
Long, reduction feed waste, the important measures of environmental pollution.Current anti-heat stress agent is aimed at livestock and poultry mostly, for water
The anti-heat stress agent for producing animal especially raw fish has no report.
【The content of the invention】
For the problems referred to above, raw fish can be prevented and treated tell material, alleviate physiological responses to heat stress it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of
Feed addictive.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of raw fish of preventing and treating tells material, the feed addictive of alleviation heat stress, including the root of large-flowered skullcap, caulis bambusae in taenian, reed rhizome, the banksia rose, oligosaccharides,
Dimethyl-β-DMPT, nucleotides, vitamin C, wheat-middlings.
Preferably, calculate by percentage to the quality, including the root of large-flowered skullcap 22%～25%, caulis bambusae in taenian 8%～10%, reed rhizome 8%-
10%th, the banksia rose 10～12%, oligosaccharides 16%～18%, dimethyl-β-DMPT 6～8%, nucleotides 3～5%, vitamin C
2～3%, wheat-middlings 13～20%.
In above-mentioned feed addictive, the oligosaccharides is preferably manna oligosacchride.
It is a kind of prepare the raw fish of above-mentioned preventing and treating tell material, alleviate heat stress feed addictive method：By the root of large-flowered skullcap, caulis bambusae in taenian, reed
Root, the banksia rose, wheat-middlings cross 120 mesh sieves in pulverizer after ultramicro grinding, with oligosaccharides, dimethyl-β-DMPT, nucleotides, dimension
Raw element C is sufficiently mixed uniformly in proportion, you can.
The raw fish of above-mentioned preventing and treating tell material, alleviate heat stress feed addictive using method：By the weight percent of 0.5-1%
Mix than being added in raw fish meal.
This real beneficial effect of the invention is：
(1) the Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations root of large-flowered skullcap of present invention employing, caulis bambusae in taenian, reed rhizome, the banksia rose have clearing heat and detoxicating, reinforcement intestines and stomach fortune
It is dynamic, promote the emptying of chyme in intestines and stomach, the inverse effect vomitted of preventing and treating；
(2) manna oligosacchride in inventive formulation, vitamin C can promote intestinal mucosa reparation, safeguard that glandular secretion disappears
Change the ability of enzyme；
(3) dimethyl-β-DMPT in inventive formulation, nucleotides can significantly improve the palatability of feed, formula
Middle each component proportioning equalize, can significantly improve Activity of Digestive Enzymes in Intestine, efficiency of feed utilization, effectively facilitate raw fish and ingest, improve
The raw fish speed of growth；
(4) addition in feed addictive life fish meal of the present invention is only 0.5-1%, directly in feed granulating
Add before, it is easy to use, it is easy to promote；
(5) feed addictive drug residue free of the present invention, green safety, are added in feed, can be significantly
Reduce the waste and environmental pollution of feed.
【Specific embodiment】
With reference to embodiments the present invention is explained further, but embodiment does not do any type of limit to the present invention
It is fixed.
Embodiment 1
A kind of raw fish of preventing and treating tells material, the feed addictive of alleviation heat stress, with the calculating of dry biomass percentage, by following
Component is constituted：The root of large-flowered skullcap 22%, caulis bambusae in taenian 9%, reed rhizome 9%, the banksia rose 10%, oligosaccharides 16%, dimethyl-β-DMPT 6%, nucleosides
Acid 5%, vitamin C 3%, wheat-middlings 20%, by the root of large-flowered skullcap, caulis bambusae in taenian, reed rhizome, the banksia rose, wheat-middlings in pulverizer mistake after ultramicro grinding
120 mesh sieves, are sufficiently mixed uniformly with oligosaccharides, dimethyl-β-DMPT, nucleotides, vitamin, are added according to 1% ratio
To in raw fish meal.
Embodiment 2
A kind of raw fish of preventing and treating tells material, the feed addictive of alleviation heat stress, with dry biomass percentages, by with the following group
It is grouped into：The root of large-flowered skullcap 24%, caulis bambusae in taenian 8%, reed rhizome 10%, the banksia rose 11%, oligosaccharides 17%, dimethyl-β-DMPT 7%, nucleosides
Acid 3%, vitamin C 2%, wheat-middlings 18%, by the root of large-flowered skullcap, caulis bambusae in taenian, reed rhizome, the banksia rose, wheat-middlings in pulverizer mistake after ultramicro grinding
120 mesh sieves, are sufficiently mixed uniformly with oligosaccharides, dimethyl-β-DMPT, nucleotides, vitamin, are added according to 0.75% ratio
It is added in raw fish meal.
Embodiment 3
A kind of raw fish of preventing and treating tells material, the feed addictive of alleviation heat stress, with dry biomass percentages, by with the following group
It is grouped into：The root of large-flowered skullcap 25%, caulis bambusae in taenian 9%, reed rhizome 10%, the banksia rose 12%, oligosaccharides 16%, dimethyl-β-DMPT 7%, nucleosides
Acid 4.5%, vitamin C 2.5%, wheat-middlings 14%, by the root of large-flowered skullcap, caulis bambusae in taenian, reed rhizome, the banksia rose, wheat-middlings in pulverizer after ultramicro grinding
120 mesh sieves are crossed, is sufficiently mixed uniformly with oligosaccharides, dimethyl-β-DMPT, nucleotides, vitamin, according to 0.5% ratio
It is added in raw fish meal.
Embodiment 4
A kind of raw fish of preventing and treating tells material, the feed addictive of alleviation heat stress, with dry biomass percentages, by with the following group
It is grouped into：The root of large-flowered skullcap 23%, caulis bambusae in taenian 10%, reed rhizome 8%, the banksia rose 12%, oligosaccharides 18%, dimethyl-β-DMPT 8%, nucleosides
Acid 5%, vitamin C 3%, wheat-middlings 13%, by the root of large-flowered skullcap, caulis bambusae in taenian, reed rhizome, the banksia rose, wheat-middlings in pulverizer mistake after ultramicro grinding
120 mesh sieves, are sufficiently mixed uniformly with oligosaccharides, dimethyl-β-DMPT, nucleotides, vitamin, are added according to 1% ratio
To in raw fish meal.
Compliance test result test 1：
1 experimental technique
1.1 test feed
With fish meal, chicken meal, dregs of beans, peanut meal as main protein sources, with fish oil, phosphatide oil as main fat source, design
Basic components as a control group, its formula is as follows：Fish meal 28%, chicken meal 12%, dregs of beans 16%, flour 19%, peanut meal
7%th, corn protein powder 4%, fish oil 4%, phosphatide oil 2%, brewer's yeast 3%, Choline Chloride 0.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate
2.5%th, multidimensional premix 1%, many ore deposit premixes 1%, measure its each component content as follows：Crude protein 38.65%, crude fat
10.33%th, moisture 9.21%, ash content 10.03%.By the feed addictive of embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 according to 0.5% ratio
It is added in basic components (respectively as experimental group 1 and experimental group 2), Jing Double-screw bulking machines are prepared into 3 kinds of expanded pellet diets.
1.2 experiment fishes
Test fish from Fanyu sea-gull island cultivation base, tamed 2 weeks with basal feed before starting, and subsequently selects health by experiment
720 tails of great-hearted raw fish (100 ± 0.5g of initial weight), are randomly divided into 3 groups, per group of 4 repetitions, and each repeats 60 tails.
1.3 aquaculture managements and sample collection
Live box cement pit specification is 3m × 4m × 2m, and formal test period is 8 weeks, water temperature 29-33 DEG C during test.Examination
After testing beginning, expanded pellet diet is fed with 0.5% of fish body weight or so ratio, is fed daily 2 times, be the morning 10 respectively:00
With afternoon 15:00, after feeding half an hour, gently the unnecessary feed for floating on the water surface is pulled out and dried and weighed, if continuous two days
Without surplus material, then feeding volume is increased with 0.25% ratio, daily the situation of ingesting of the raw fish of observation, record The dead quantity and weight.
After off-test, fasting 1 day is subsequently counted to raw fish quantity and weight in each cement pit, each treatment group
The raw fish of 10 tails being taken, being dissected in ice pan, take out enteron aisle, who rinses intestinal contents with freezing deionization, and water is blotted with filter paper
Point, then weigh respectively, subsequently subtract broken, plus 10 times of deionized waters, at 4 DEG C, 4000r/min is centrifuged 10 minutes, collects supernatant to be measured
Lipase, amylase and protease.Each treatment group chooses middle hindgut before 10 tail fishes separate at random again, then the intestines by before, during and after
It is individually fixed in 10% formalin solution, for the preparation of histotomy, all section samples are dyeed with HE, with visually survey
Micro- chi determine respectively before, during and after intestines pleat height, take its mean value as the sample pleat height.
1.4 data statistics
The one-factor analysis of variance is carried out using STATSTICAL 6.0, with poor between Duncan ' s Multiple range test method detection groups
It is different, P<0.05 is significant difference.Result of the test is represented with mean value ± standard error.
2 results and analysis
2.1 raw fish growths and situation of ingesting
During test, the raw fish of control group ingests poor because of physiological responses to heat stress, tells that material is serious, and body is partially thin, and experimental group 1
Ingest well with the raw fish of experimental group 2, it is vibrant.The survival rate of the raw fish of each group, rate of body weight gain and feed coefficient are as shown in table 1：
The survival rate of the raw fish of 1 each group of table, rate of body weight gain and feed coefficient
| Group | Survival rate (%) | Rate of body weight gain (%) | Feed coefficient (%) |
| Control group | 95.00±1.80a | 89.89±1.62a | 1.81±0.11b |
| Experimental group 1 | 99.58±0.41b | 112.59±2.16b | 1.43±0.04a |
| Experimental group 2 | 100±0.00b | 114.19±3.00b | 1.45±0.03a |
Note：The female different expression significant difference (P of same column shoulder marking-up<0.05), same column shoulder marking-up parent phase does not show with expression difference
Write (P>0.05), similarly hereinafter.
As can be known from the above table：The raw fish survival rate of experimental group 1 and experimental group 2, rate of body weight gain are all remarkably higher than control group, feed system
Number is substantially less than control groups, and the survival rate of 2 raw fish of experimental group 1 and experimental group, between rate of body weight gain, feed coefficient, difference is not notable.
2.2 digestive enzyme activity
The protease of the raw fish of each group, lipase, amylase activity as shown in table 2, experimental group 1 and with raw fish in experimental group 2
Protease, lipase, amylase be all remarkably higher than the protease of raw fish in control group, but 2 groups of experimental group 1 and experimental group, fat
Fat enzyme, amylase difference is not notable.
The protease of the raw fish of 2 each group of table, lipase, amylase activity
| Group | Protease (U/g) | Amylase (U/mg prot) | Lipase (U/g prot) |
| Control group | 56.02±2.86a | 34.82±4.72a | 10.05±1.25a |
| Experimental group 1 | 84.15±3.81b | 63.52±5.03b | 14.39±1.06b |
| Experimental group 2 | 79.35±3.44b | 64.06±6.09b | 13.91±2.02b |
2.3 raw fish enteron aisle pleat height
The raw fish enteron aisle pleat of experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 is elongated, arrangement is tight, and epithelial cell is complete, the intestines of the raw fish of each group
Road pleat height is as shown in table 3, the raw fish enteron aisle pleat height of experimental group 1 and experimental group 2, has and significantly carry compared with control group
It is high.
The enteron aisle pleat height of the raw fish of 3 each group of table
| Group | Anterior intestine (um) | Middle intestines (um) | Hindgut (um) |
| Control group | 863.12±13.56a | 374.15±18.96a | 489.53±10.09a |
| Experimental group 1 | 1089.56±25.16b | 452.35±13.06b | 588.23±22.15b |
| Experimental group 2 | 1037.62±40.13b | 476.27±15.03b | 580.29±19.53b |
These results suggest that：In raw fish basal feed, supplement feed addictive of the present invention can accelerate chyme in intestines and stomach
Emptying, prevent and treat raw fish and tell material, promote raw fish to ingest, while intestinal health can be promoted, raising digestive enzyme activity, raising feed
Efficiency, increases productivity effect.
Compliance test result test 2：
Using group based on the basic components in compliance test result test 1, the feed of embodiment 1 and embodiment 4 is added
Agent is added in basic components (respectively as experimental group 1 and experimental group 2), Jing double helixs according to 1%, 0.75% ratio respectively
Bar bulking machine is prepared into 3 kinds of expanded pellet diets, and commercially a kind of commercial feed as a control group, carries out big pool cultivation examination
Test, 2 mouthfuls of ponds of every kind of feedstuff feeding, about 10 mu of every mouthful of pond area, 250.0 ± 1.5g of raw fish initial weight, culturing time is 60 days,
Water temperature 28-33 DEG C during experiment.The test methods such as aquaculture management, sampling and statistical method are with compliance test result test 1, big pool reality
Test and the results are shown in Table 4.
4 big pool experimental result of table
| Group | Rate of body weight gain (%) | Feed coefficient (%) | Protease (U/g) | Lipase (U/g prot) | Amylase (U/mg prot) |
| Base set | 118.52±7.03a | 1.62±0.06a | 68.03±4.56a | 8.64±0.18a | 46.77±3.29a |
| Experimental group 1 | 132.35±4.59b | 1.39±0.05b | 84.06±3.06b | 12.03±0.21b | 54.18±2.53b |
| Experimental group 2 | 139.56±6.82b | 1.41±0.04b | 87.68±3.41b | 11.09±0.26b | 55.47±2.01b |
| Control group | 128.34±5.49a | 1.56±0.06a | 72.03±5.08a | 8.89±0.15a | 47.63±3.78a |
As shown in Table 4, during summer high temperature, feed the expanded pellet diet containing feed addictive of the present invention and can significantly improve life
Fish enteron aisle enzyme activity, promotes chyme digestion, reduces feed coefficient, improve rate of body weight gain.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of raw fish of preventing and treating tells material, alleviates the feed addictive of heat stress, it is characterised in that calculate by percentage to the quality, institute
State feed addictive to be made up of following raw material：The root of large-flowered skullcap 22%～25%, caulis bambusae in taenian 8%～10%, reed rhizome 8%-10%, the banksia rose 10～
12%th, oligosaccharides 16%～18%, dimethyl-β-DMPT 6～8%, nucleotides 3～5%, vitamin C 2～3%, wheat-middlings
13～20%.
2. the raw fish of preventing and treating according to claim 1 tells material, alleviates the feed addictive of heat stress, it is characterised in that：It is described
Oligosaccharides is manna oligosacchride.
3. the raw fish of preventing and treating described in claim 1 or 2 tells material, the preparation method of the feed addictive of alleviation heat stress, its feature
It is the root of large-flowered skullcap, caulis bambusae in taenian, reed rhizome, the banksia rose, wheat-middlings to be crossed into 120 mesh sieves in pulverizer after ultramicro grinding, with the oligosaccharides, diformazan
Base-β-DMPT, nucleotides, vitamin C are sufficiently mixed uniformly in proportion.
4. a kind of raw fish meal, it is characterised in that：The raw fish meal contain the raw fish of preventing and treating described in claim 1 or 2 tell material,
Alleviate the feed addictive of heat stress.
5. raw fish meal according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The raw fish of the preventing and treating tells material, the feeding of alleviation heat stress
The adding proportion of feed additives is 0.5-1%.
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| CN102894210B (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2013-12-18 | 广东海大集团股份有限公司 | Anti-stress Chinese herbal medicine composite feedstuff additive specially used for penaeus vannamei |
| CN102987094B (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-05-07 | 广州海因特生物技术有限公司 | Chinese herbal medicament immunopotentiator for high-density breeding of grass carp and preparation method thereof |
| CN103989023B (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2016-02-24 | 中山大学 | Special AFL additive of a kind of hybridized snakehead fish and preparation method thereof |
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