CN110800653B - Heat stress resisting method for grouper culture - Google Patents

Heat stress resisting method for grouper culture Download PDF

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CN110800653B
CN110800653B CN201911196195.0A CN201911196195A CN110800653B CN 110800653 B CN110800653 B CN 110800653B CN 201911196195 A CN201911196195 A CN 201911196195A CN 110800653 B CN110800653 B CN 110800653B
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蔡建顺
蔡春有
蔡有森
黄春仁
李伟
蔡四川
蔡金泉
蔡惠明
张国庆
蔡智怀
王景宝
罗磊
蔡艺新
李伟峰
刘赐福
陈艺斌
吴光灿
陈猛猛
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/142Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/158Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/174Vitamins
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K40/00Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/10Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K50/00Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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Abstract

The invention provides a grouper breeding heat stress resistance method, which comprises the following steps: the anti-stress treatment of the liver of the heat stress-resistant grouper enhances the anti-oxidation stress capability of the liver of the heat stress-resistant grouper, reduces the oxidation stress of the organism by increasing the anti-oxidation capability of the organism, improves the adaptability of the fish to the environment and improves the physique of the fish; meanwhile, the anti-stress agent prepared by the invention can improve the immune function of the fish body, maintain the blood stability and relieve the autoimmunity generated by the fish body in a heat stress state.

Description

Heat stress resisting method for grouper culture
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aquaculture, in particular to a heat stress resistance method for grouper culture.
Background
Grouper is a general term for fishes of the subfamily grouper (Epinepelineae) and belongs to the class Osteichthyes, the class Neopterygii, the order Acanthopterygii, the order Perciformes, the order Percoidei, and the family Serranidae (Serranidae), and is a medium and large marine fish with warm water properties, widely distributed in tropical and subtropical waters, and mainly distributed in Taiwan strait and south sea waters in China. The fish grows quickly, the meat quality is delicious, the fish is popular with farmers and consumers, the activity of the fish body on own metabolic enzymes is regulated under the influence of temperature in the culture process, when stress exceeds a self regulation range, excessive active oxygen free radicals are generated in the fish body, the free radicals have destructive effect on the fish body, normal cells and tissues are damaged, muscle degeneration can be caused, membrane lipid peroxidation reaction and hemolysis as well as cell metabolism deterioration are caused, and finally the structure of a cell biomembrane is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a heat stress resistance method for grouper culture, which solves the above problems.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a method for preventing heat stress in grouper culture comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, gradient anti-stress domestication: first-stage domestication: in the cultivation period, the illumination is 300-500 Lux, the temperature of the pond water is controlled to be 12-18 ℃, the pH value of the cultivation water is controlled to be 6.2-7.2, the water pressure is 0.02-0.05 MPa, the cultivation is carried out for 1-3 min, and the cultivation is carried out for 5 days, and two-stage domestication: the illumination is 600-800 Lux, the water temperature is 19-22 ℃, the pH value of the culture water is controlled to be 7.3-8.2, the water pressure is 0.05-0.07 MPa, the water is washed for 2-4 min, the culture is carried out for 10 days, and three-stage domestication: the illumination is 900-1000 Lux, the water temperature is 23-25 ℃, the pH value of the culture water is controlled to be 8.3-8.5, the water pressure is 0.07-0.10 MPa, the water is flushed for 4-6 min, and the culture is carried out for 15 days;
s2, starvation domestication: feeding the anti-stress agent in a breeding period, wherein the daily feeding amount is 1.8-2.4% of the weight of the fish, feeding for 2 times a day, stopping feeding for 2-4 days for 8-10 days, feeding the anti-stress agent again, wherein the daily feeding amount is 1.8-2.4% of the weight of the fish, feeding for 2 times a day, stopping feeding for 2-4 days, and naturally feeding, wherein the anti-stress agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32-40 parts of vitamin C, 28-36 parts of vitamin E, 12-25 parts of antimicrobial peptide, 10-22 parts of earthworm powder, 35-50 parts of sanguisorba extract and 26-36 parts of coconut oil;
further, the anti-stress agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36 parts of vitamin C, 32 parts of vitamin E, 18 parts of antibacterial peptide, 16 parts of earthworm powder, 42 parts of sanguisorba extract and 31 parts of coconut oil;
further, the preparation method of the anti-stress agent comprises the following steps: stirring the components in parts by weight at 50-70 ℃ for 3-10 min at 500-800 r/min, sieving with a 40-60 mesh sieve, and granulating to obtain a finished product.
Further, the sanguisorba officinalis extraction method comprises the following steps: drying sanguisorba officinalis roots at 55-70 ℃, crushing and sieving with a 150-200-mesh sieve to obtain sanguisorba officinalis powder, and mixing with ethanol according to a ratio of 1: mixing 8-10 g/ml, rotationally stirring for 15-26 min at the speed of 400-600 r/min, filtering, taking residues and cyclohexane according to the weight ratio of 1: mixing at a ratio of 4-6 g/ml, rotating and stirring at 300-400 r/min for 10-15 min, and filtering to obtain a sanguisorba officinalis extract;
further, the preparation method of the earthworm powder comprises the following steps: taking earthworms: 1 part of water: soaking for 3-12 h at a volume ratio of 1-3, crushing, and sieving with a sieve of 90-120 meshes to obtain earthworm powder;
further, the preparation method of the coconut oil comprises the following steps: drying and processing fresh coconut meat or desiccated coconut, crushing the fresh coconut meat or desiccated coconut into particles with the particle size of 100-120 meshes, extracting for 2-4 times by adopting a subcritical extraction method, wherein the extraction temperature is 30-80 ℃, the extraction pressure is 1-10 MPa, the extraction time is 20-50 min, the extraction solvent is one of ethanol, acetone, propane and butane, and the solvent-to-material ratio is 1: 1-1.5 to obtain the coconut oil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
by the anti-stress treatment, the liver anti-oxidation stress capability of the heat stress of the grouper is enhanced, gradient anti-stress domestication is arranged, the anti-stress capability of the grouper is enhanced, three-section gradient is adopted, the excitation is gradually enhanced, the grouper is transferred to a stress environment from a mild breeding environment, the anti-stress physiological reaction of the grouper is stimulated by simulating natural breeding conditions, the starvation domestication is combined, the oxidation stress of an organism is reduced by increasing the anti-oxidation capability of the organism, the adaptive capability of the fish to the environment is improved, and the physique of the fish is improved;
meanwhile, after the anti-stress agent prepared by the invention is stressed at high temperature, the blood in the body is normal, the vitamins and the antibacterial peptide cooperate with the sanguisorba extract to relieve oxidative damage to fish bodies in the heat stress period, improve the activity of antioxidase such as superoxide dismutase and the like, enhance the antioxidant capacity of the fish bodies, regulate the brain hormone level by combining coconut oil through a nerve regulation factor, regulate the behavior of fishes and enhance the anti-stress capacity of the fishes; the combination of the earthworm powder and the vitamin C can inhibit the secretion of glucocorticoid, eliminate active oxygen free radicals generated under the heat stress state and delay the generation of heat stress protein.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
Example 1
A method for preventing heat stress in grouper culture comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, gradient anti-stress domestication: first-stage domestication: in the cultivation period, the illumination is 300Lux, the temperature of the pond water is controlled at 12 ℃, the pH value of the culture water is controlled at 6.2, the water pressure is controlled to be 0.02MPa, the culture is washed for 1min, the cultivation is carried out for 5 days, and two-stage domestication is carried out: the illumination is 600Lux, the water temperature is 19 ℃, the pH value of the culture water is controlled to be 7.3, the water pressure is 0.05MPa, the water is washed for 2min, the culture is carried out for 10 days, and three-stage domestication is carried out: the illumination is 900Lux, the water temperature is 23 ℃, the pH value of the culture water is controlled to be 8.3, the water pressure is 0.07MPa, the washing is carried out for 4min, and the cultivation is carried out for 15 days;
s2, starvation domestication: feeding the anti-stress agent in a breeding period, wherein the daily feeding amount is 1.8 percent of the weight of the fish, feeding for 2 times a day, stopping feeding for 8 days after feeding for 2 days, feeding the anti-stress agent again, the daily feeding amount is 1.8 percent of the weight of the fish, feeding for 2 times a day, stopping feeding after 2 days, and naturally feeding, wherein the anti-stress agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36 parts of vitamin C, 32 parts of vitamin E, 18 parts of antibacterial peptide, 16 parts of earthworm powder, 42 parts of sanguisorba extract and 31 parts of coconut oil;
the preparation method of the anti-stress agent comprises the following steps: stirring the components in parts by weight for 3min at 50 ℃ at 500r/min, sieving by a 40-mesh sieve, and granulating to obtain a finished product.
The method for extracting the garden burnet comprises the following steps: drying radix Sangusorbae at 55 deg.C, pulverizing, sieving with 150 mesh sieve to obtain radix Sangusorbae powder, mixing with ethanol at a ratio of 1: mixing at a ratio of 8g/ml, stirring at 400r/min for 15min, filtering, mixing the residue with cyclohexane at a ratio of 1: mixing at a ratio of 4g/ml, stirring at 300r/min for 10min, and filtering to obtain radix Sangusorbae extract;
the preparation method of the earthworm powder comprises the following steps: taking earthworms: 1 part of water: soaking for 3h according to the volume ratio of 1, crushing, and sieving by a 90-mesh sieve to obtain earthworm powder;
the preparation method of the coconut oil comprises the following steps: fresh coconut pulp or desiccated coconut is dried, crushed into 100-mesh particle size, extracted for 2 times by a subcritical extraction method, the extraction temperature is 30 ℃, the extraction pressure is 1MPa, the extraction time is 20min, the extraction solvent is ethanol, and the solvent ratio is 1: 1, obtaining the coconut oil.
Example 2
A method for preventing heat stress in grouper culture comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, gradient anti-stress domestication: first-stage domestication: in the cultivation period, the illumination is 500Lux, the temperature of pool water is controlled at 18 ℃, the pH value of cultivation water is controlled at 7.2, the water pressure is 0.05MPa, the washing is carried out for 3min, the cultivation is carried out for 5 days, and two-stage domestication is carried out: the illumination is 800Lux, the water temperature is 22 ℃, the pH value of the culture water is controlled to be 8.2, the water pressure is 0.07MPa, the washing is carried out for 4min, the cultivation is carried out for 10 days, and three-stage domestication: the illumination is 1000Lux, the water temperature is 25 ℃, the pH value of the culture water is controlled to be 8.5, the water pressure is 0.10MPa, the washing is carried out for 6min, and the cultivation is carried out for 15 days;
s2, starvation domestication: feeding the anti-stress agent in a breeding period, wherein the daily feeding amount is 2.4 percent of the weight of the fish, feeding for 2 times a day, stopping feeding for 10 days after feeding for 4 days, feeding the anti-stress agent again, the daily feeding amount is 2.4 percent of the weight of the fish, feeding for 2 times a day, stopping feeding after feeding for 4 days, and naturally feeding, wherein the anti-stress agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of vitamin C, 36 parts of vitamin E, 25 parts of antibacterial peptide, 22 parts of earthworm powder, 50 parts of sanguisorba extract and 36 parts of coconut oil;
the preparation method of the anti-stress agent comprises the following steps: stirring the components according to the parts by weight for 10min at 70 ℃ at 800r/min, sieving by a 60-mesh sieve, and granulating to obtain a finished product.
The method for extracting the garden burnet comprises the following steps: drying radix Sangusorbae at 70 deg.C, pulverizing, sieving with 200 mesh sieve to obtain radix Sangusorbae powder, mixing with ethanol at a ratio of 1: mixing at a ratio of 10g/ml, stirring at 600r/min for 26min, filtering, mixing the residue with cyclohexane at a ratio of 1: mixing at a ratio of 6g/ml, rotating and stirring at 400r/min for 15min, and filtering to obtain radix Sangusorbae extract;
the preparation method of the earthworm powder comprises the following steps: taking earthworms: 1 part of water: 3 for 12 hours, crushing, and sieving with a 120-mesh sieve to obtain earthworm powder;
the preparation method of the coconut oil comprises the following steps: fresh coconut pulp or desiccated coconut is dried, crushed into 120-mesh particle size, extracted for 4 times by a subcritical extraction method, the extraction temperature is 80 ℃, the extraction pressure is 10MPa, the extraction time is 50min, the extraction solvent is acetone, and the solvent ratio is 1: 1.5, obtaining the coconut oil.
Example 3
A method for preventing heat stress in grouper culture comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, gradient anti-stress domestication: first-stage domestication: in the cultivation period, the illumination is 400Lux, the temperature of pond water is controlled at 15 ℃, the pH value of cultivation water is controlled at 6.7, the water pressure is 0.03MPa, the washing is carried out for 2min, the cultivation is carried out for 5 days, and two-stage domestication is carried out: the illumination is 700Lux, the water temperature is 20 ℃, the pH value of the culture water is controlled to be 7.6, the water pressure is 0.06MPa, the water is washed for 3min, the culture is carried out for 10 days, and three-stage domestication is carried out: the illumination is 950Lux, the water temperature is 24 ℃, the pH value of the culture water is controlled to be 8.4, the water pressure is 0.08MPa, the washing is carried out for 5min, and the cultivation is carried out for 15 days;
s2, starvation domestication: feeding the anti-stress agent in a breeding period, wherein the daily feeding amount is 2.1 percent of the weight of the fish, feeding for 2 times a day, stopping feeding for 9 days after 3 days, feeding the anti-stress agent again, the daily feeding amount is 2.1 percent of the weight of the fish, feeding for 2 times a day, stopping feeding after 3 days, and naturally feeding, wherein the anti-stress agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36 parts of vitamin C, 32 parts of vitamin E, 18 parts of antibacterial peptide, 16 parts of earthworm powder, 42 parts of sanguisorba extract and 31 parts of coconut oil;
the preparation method of the anti-stress agent comprises the following steps: stirring the components in parts by weight for 6min at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the speed of 600r/min, sieving by a 50-mesh sieve, and granulating to obtain a finished product.
The method for extracting the garden burnet comprises the following steps: drying radix Sanguisorbae at 60 deg.C, pulverizing, sieving with 180 mesh sieve to obtain radix Sanguisorbae powder, mixing with ethanol at a ratio of 1: mixing at a ratio of 9g/ml, stirring at 500r/min for 20min, filtering, mixing the residue with cyclohexane at a ratio of 1: mixing at a ratio of 5g/ml, stirring at 350r/min for 12min, and filtering to obtain radix Sangusorbae extract;
the preparation method of the earthworm powder comprises the following steps: taking earthworms: 1 part of water: 2 for 7 hours, crushing, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain earthworm powder;
the preparation method of the coconut oil comprises the following steps: fresh coconut pulp or desiccated coconut is dried, crushed into 110-mesh particle size, extracted for 3 times by a subcritical extraction method, the extraction temperature is 50 ℃, the extraction pressure is 5MPa, the extraction time is 30min, and the solvent butane is extracted with a solvent ratio of 1: 1.3, obtaining the coconut oil.
Example 4
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 3 is that the anti-stress agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32 parts of vitamin C, 28 parts of vitamin E, 12 parts of antibacterial peptide, 10 parts of earthworm powder, 35 parts of sanguisorba extract and 26 parts of coconut oil.
Example 5
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 3 is that the anti-stress agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of vitamin C, 36 parts of vitamin E, 25 parts of antibacterial peptide, 22 parts of earthworm powder, 30 parts of sanguisorba extract and 36 parts of coconut oil;
example 6
This example differs from example 3 in that: mixing sanguisorba root and ethanol according to the proportion of 1: mixing the raw materials at a ratio of 8-10 g/ml, rotating and stirring the mixture for 15-26 min at a speed of 400-600 r/min, and filtering the mixture to obtain the sanguisorba officinalis extract.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 3 in that: the anti-stress agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of vitamin C, 26 parts of vitamin E, 10 parts of antibacterial peptide, 8 parts of earthworm powder, 30 parts of sanguisorba extract and 20 parts of coconut oil.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 3 in that: the anti-stress domestication is not carried out according to gradient conditions, and adopts a section of domestication: in the cultivation period, the illumination is 300-500 Lux, the temperature of the pond water is controlled to be 12-18 ℃, the pH value of the cultivation water is controlled to be 6.2-7.2, the water pressure is 0.02-0.05 MPa, the pond is washed for 1-3 min, and the starvation domestication is carried out after 5 days of cultivation.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 3 in that: starvation domestication is not carried out, and after gradient domestication, anti-stress agents are fed for culture.
Blood index analysis
Comparing 10 groups of 100 groupers in the cultivation period with normally cultured groupers according to the methods of the above examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-3, and after the groupers are all stressed for 48 hours at 36 ℃, detecting conventional indexes of blood, wherein the indexes are analyzed as follows:
Figure BDA0002294686330000061
Figure BDA0002294686330000071
as can be seen from the above table, the numbers of red blood cells and white blood cells and the hemoglobin concentration of the blood of the grouper in examples 1 to 6 are significantly higher than those of comparative examples 1 to 3 and normal culture, which indicates that the anti-heat stress method and the anti-stress agent of the present invention effectively inhibit the blood change of the fish body caused by the anti-heat stress.
Second, biochemical index analysis
Comparing 10 groups of 100 groupers in the cultivation period with normally cultured groupers according to the methods of the above examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-3, and after the groupers are all stressed for 48 hours at 36 ℃, detecting the anti-oxidation indexes of the liver, wherein the indexes are analyzed as follows:
Figure BDA0002294686330000072
Figure BDA0002294686330000081
according to the index analysis result, the anti-heat stress method is combined with the anti-stress agent for cultivation, the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in the examples 1-6 are obviously higher than those in the comparative examples 1-3 under the same high-temperature stress condition of each sample, and the anti-stress cultivation method and the anti-stress agent have better anti-heat stress effect; compared with the examples 1-6, the specific adjustment parameters of the anti-stress culture method and the scientific proportion for preparing the anti-stress agent have certain influence on the anti-heat stress; comparison of the malondialdehyde content of example 3 with that of comparative examples 1-3 shows that the method and anti-stress agent of example 3 alleviate the degree of lipid peroxidation in hepatocytes to some extent.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (8)

1. A grouper breeding heat stress resistance method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, gradient anti-stress domestication: first-stage domestication: in the cultivation period, the illumination is 300-500 Lux, the temperature of the pond water is controlled to be 12-18 ℃, the pH value of the cultivation water is controlled to be 6.2-7.2, the water pressure is 0.02-0.05 MPa, the cultivation is carried out for 1-3 min, and the cultivation is carried out for 5 days, and two-stage domestication: the illumination is 600-800 Lux, the water temperature is 19-22 ℃, the pH value of the culture water is controlled to be 7.3-8.2, the water pressure is 0.05-0.07 MPa, the water is washed for 2-4 min, the culture is carried out for 10 days, and three-stage domestication: the illumination is 900-1000 Lux, the water temperature is 23-25 ℃, the pH value of the culture water is controlled to be 8.3-8.5, the water pressure is 0.07-0.10 MPa, the water is flushed for 4-6 min, and the culture is carried out for 15 days;
s2, starvation domestication: feeding the anti-stress agent for 2 times a day in a breeding period, stopping feeding for 2-4 days for 8-10 days, feeding the anti-stress agent again for 2 times a day, stopping feeding for 2-4 days, and naturally feeding, wherein the anti-stress agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32-40 parts of vitamin C, 28-36 parts of vitamin E, 12-25 parts of antimicrobial peptide, 10-22 parts of earthworm powder, 35-50 parts of sanguisorba extract and 26-36 parts of coconut oil.
2. The method for preventing heat stress in grouper culture as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the anti-stress agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36 parts of vitamin C, 32 parts of vitamin E, 18 parts of antibacterial peptide, 16 parts of earthworm powder, 42 parts of sanguisorba extract and 31 parts of coconut oil.
3. The method for preventing heat stress in grouper culture as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the daily feeding amount of the anti-stress agent is 1.8-2.4% of the weight of the fish.
4. The method for preventing heat stress in grouper culture as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the daily feeding amount of the anti-stress agent is 1.2-1.8% of the weight of the fish.
5. The method for preventing heat stress in grouper culture as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the anti-stress agent comprises the following steps: stirring the components in parts by weight at 50-70 ℃ for 3-10 min at 500-800 r/min, sieving with a 40-60 mesh sieve, and granulating to obtain a finished product.
6. The method for preventing heat stress in grouper culture as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the preparation method of the anti-stress agent comprises the following steps: the sanguisorba officinalis extract is extracted by drying sanguisorba officinalis roots at 55-70 ℃, crushing the dried sanguisorba officinalis roots, sieving the crushed sanguisorba officinalis roots with a sieve of 150-200 meshes to obtain sanguisorba officinalis powder, and mixing the sanguisorba officinalis powder and ethanol according to a ratio of 1: mixing 8-10 g/ml, rotationally stirring for 15-26 min at the speed of 400-600 r/min, filtering, taking residues and cyclohexane according to the weight ratio of 1: mixing at a ratio of 4-6 g/ml, rotating and stirring at 300-400 r/min for 10-15 min, and filtering to obtain the sanguisorba officinalis extract.
7. The method for preventing heat stress in grouper culture as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the preparation method of the anti-stress agent comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the earthworm powder comprises the following steps: taking earthworms: 1 part of water: soaking for 3-12 h according to the volume ratio of 1-3, crushing, and sieving with a sieve of 90-120 meshes to obtain earthworm powder.
8. The method for preventing heat stress in grouper culture as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the preparation method of the anti-stress agent comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the coconut oil comprises the steps of drying and processing fresh coconut meat or desiccated coconut, crushing the fresh coconut meat or desiccated coconut into particles with the particle size of 100-120 meshes, extracting for 2-4 times by a subcritical extraction method, wherein the extraction temperature is 30-80 ℃, the extraction pressure is 1-10 MPa, the extraction time is 20-50 min, the extraction solvent is one of ethanol, acetone, propane and butane, and the solvent-to-material ratio is 1: 1-1.5 to obtain the coconut oil.
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