CN104303787A - Indoor hydroponic taxus mairei culture method - Google Patents
Indoor hydroponic taxus mairei culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104303787A CN104303787A CN201410573968.3A CN201410573968A CN104303787A CN 104303787 A CN104303787 A CN 104303787A CN 201410573968 A CN201410573968 A CN 201410573968A CN 104303787 A CN104303787 A CN 104303787A
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention relates to an indoor hydroponic taxus mairei culture method. The method is characterized by including the steps: (1) building a greenhouse, a root-forcing seedbed, an induction seedbed and a nutrient solution pool; (2) putting taxus mairei plants on the root-forcing seedbed after root system treatment; (3) forcing adventitious roots to grow at the average temperature of above 20 DEG C after 30-35 days; (4) putting the taxus mairei plants in planting baskets, and performing aquatic induction in the induction seedbed; (5) spraying nutrient solution via an atomizing pipeline, and control the pH (potential of hydrogen) value, EC value and water temperature; (6) when the adventitious roots grow to 8-10cm, taking out the taxus mairei plants, and putting the taxus mairei plants into a hydroponic container for indoor culture; (7) during indoor culture, controlling light and temperature, properly supplementing water and adding the nutrient solution, and keeping ventilation. By the method, indoor hydroponic culture of the taxus mairei is realized, and survival rate of the taxus mairei and attractive appearance are guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of southern red bean maintenance process, the indoor maintenance process of especially a kind of water planting southern enqlish yew, belongs to agricultural plant technical field.
Background technology
Traditional plant application in view and admire mainly contain soil or matrix potted plant and flower arrangement 2 kinds of forms.People are through constantly exploring and improving culture technique level, develop the water culture technology of plant, just can make plant normal growth with nutrient solution or clear water, no longer rely on traditional soil media, thus a kind of new model-water cultivating ornamental plants that has also just been born is supported potted plant.In recent years, as viewing and admiring the new fashion with home decoration, water supports potted plant gained popularity, and becomes a new highlight of ornamental plants industry, has good development prospect.Water supports potted plant use nutrient solution or clear water, cultivates in clean container, has the potted plant feature that do not have of tradition and ornamental value.At present, the mode that southern enqlish yew adopts tradition potted plant, does not also have for water planting potted landscape and relates to.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of water planting southern enqlish yew indoor maintenance process, achieve the indoor maintenance of water planting of Chinese yew, ensure the survival rate of Chinese yew and the attractive in appearance of profile.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, the indoor maintenance process of described water planting southern enqlish yew, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) build green house, urge offspring bed, induce seedbed and nutrition liquid pool;
(2) selection of seedling and process:
A, female parent selection: selected for 2 ~ 3 ages, plant height 20 ~ 30cm, the Chinese yew plant of hat 30 ~ 35cm;
B, root system process: avoid the dispersion of Chinese yew plant soil ball, cut off the peripheral downright bad root system of native ball and capillary root, retain cubsoil, ensure that native ball sphere diameter is 4 ~ 5 times of leading thread; After handling root well, spray one deck rooting promoter at native ball surface uniform, rooting promoter employing concentration is the ABT1 solution of 100ppm ~ 120ppm, dries in the shade 20 ~ 30 minutes in air;
C, will Chinese yew plant be urged offspring bed induce, native ball imbeds perlite completely;
(3) adventive root expedites the emergence of: under samming is more than 20 DEG C conditions, can facilitate adventive root through 30 ~ 35 days; During facilitating adventive root, every day is sprayed water 4 ~ 5 times by atomizing pipeline, and each 30 ~ 45 seconds, perlite humidity remained on 3% ~ 6%; After Chinese yew plant is urged offspring bed 20 ~ 25 days, pearlite interstitial substance humidity remains on 6% ~ 8%, when intensity of illumination draws shade net more than during 30000Lux;
Within every 15 days, use a fertilizer and bactericide, adopt foliage-spray and root to water two kinds of modes and hocket; Foliage-spray adopts logical " spending intact " general fertilizer and phenyl ether methyl cyclic element mixed solution forever, and logical " spending intact " general fertilizer and phenyl ether methyl cyclic element are dilution 1000 times forever; Root pouring adopts the mixed solution of root-inducing powder and pcnb, and root-inducing powder and pcnb are dilution 800 times;
(4) aquatic induction: Chinese yew plant adventive root length reaches 2 ~ 3cm, takes out Chinese yew plant from urging offspring bed, removes old root, dead root, cuts upper surface fibrous root, thoroughly cleaned by root system; The haydite loading 2 ~ 3cm thickness in field planting basket carries out rebasing, Chinese yew plant is put into field planting basket, ensures that root system is unfolded, then continue to pour haydite into, pat surrounding and bottom, make haydite enter the space of root system, be fixed Chinese yew plant; The field planting basket of good for field planting Chinese yew plant is put on the footing plate in induction seedbed, continue inducing adventitious root growth, after Chinese yew plant being induced seedbed 10 ~ 15 days, during adventive root continued growth to 2 ~ 4cm, nutrient solution is added in induction seedbed, nutrient solution adopts logical " spending intact " general fertilizer forever, and concentration is 1000 times of liquid, and makes 1 ~ 2cm bottom nutrient solution submergence field planting basket; Need during initial stage field planting fully to ensure that blade face is moistening, carry out blade face water spray every day 5 ~ 6 times, will fully ensure that haydite is moistening simultaneously, make haydite humidity remain on 3% ~ 6%; After the initial stage field planting of 4 ~ 5 days, carry out blade face water spray every day 2 ~ 3 times;
(5) guide and instruct management: the nutrient solution in nutrition liquid pool is sprayed by atomizing pipeline, induction circulates by realizing nutrient solution between pipeline and nutrition liquid pool bottom seedbed, every day 3 ~ 4 times in summer, each 10 ~ 15min; Afternoon 1 time in winter, each 10 ~ 15min, keeping nutrient solution pH value to be 6.5 ~ 7, EC value is 1.4 ~ 1.8ms; Water temperature summer is 18 ~ 25 DEG C, winter 8 ~ 10 DEG C;
(6) bottling maintenance: when producing adventive root through aquatic induction and growing to 8 ~ 10cm, from induction seedbed, Chinese yew plant can be taken out, put into water planting container and carry out indoor maintenance;
(7) actual conditions of indoor maintenance is:
A, illumination: adopt astigmatism, intensity of illumination is 4000 ~ 5000lux;
B, temperature: in maintenance processes, temperature remains on 5 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C;
C, moisturizing: the liquid in the water planting container of water planting Chinese yew is nutrient solution, ensure nutrient solution water lev el control upwards 1 ~ 2cm place bottom field planting basket by moisturizing in maintenance processes; And in maintenance processes, every day once sprays water to blade face and haydite;
The interpolation of d, nutrient solution: the nutrient solution of Chinese yew adds the mode by foliage-spray and root fertilising, fertilizer adopts forever to lead to spends intact universal fertilizer; Foliage fertilizer two weeks sprays once, and concentration is 1000 ~ 1500 times, and root fertilising is undertaken adding fertilizer by changing water, and concentration is 800 ~ 1000 times;
E, ventilation: keep ventilation state.
In an embodiment, described Standard greenhouse booth is equipped with blower fan and cascade is used for lowering the temperature summer.
In an embodiment, described in urge the construction of offspring bed: adopting fragment of brick and cement to build width is 1.0 ~ 1.2m, is highly that the rectangle of 70 ~ 80cm urges offspring bed; Urge reserved 70 ~ 80cm pavement between offspring bed; Urge in offspring bed and spread the perlite that thickness is 50 ~ 60cm, distance urges 1.5 ~ 2.0m above offspring bed to install an atomizing pipeline.
In an embodiment, the construction in described induction seedbed: adopting plank to impale width on ground is 1.0 ~ 1.2m is highly the rectangle induction seedbed of 35 ~ 40cm; The bottom fine sand in induction seedbed is paved, and then whole induction seedbed is covered one deck geotextiles, finally covers layer of plastic film again, geotextiles and plastic film are fixed on plank top; Putting in inside, induction seedbed is highly the footing plate of 10 ~ 15cm; The pavement of reserved 70 ~ 80cm between induction seedbed; Above distance induction seedbed, 1.5 ~ 2.0m installs an atomizing pipeline, and above distance footing plate, 15 ~ 20cm installs two atomizing pipelines.
In an embodiment, described nutrition liquid pool is embedded in underground, and nutrition liquid pool top is equal with earth's surface; Nutrient solution in nutrition liquid pool connects the atomizing pipeline above induction seedbed, and induction circulates by realizing nutrient solution between pipeline and nutrition liquid pool bottom seedbed.
In an embodiment, in aquatic Induction Process, after the root system of Chinese yew plant gos deep into nutrient solution in a large number, nutrient solution liquid level is kept to be 10 ~ 15cm.
In an embodiment, in aquatic Induction Process, when nutrient solution concentration drops to 70% of initial concentration, adjustment concentration is to initial concentration.
In an embodiment, in described step (7) indoor maintenance processes: when producing green alga in water planting container, first the nutrient solution in water planting container is proceeded in other container, then the green alga inside and outside water planting container and on field planting basket is cleared up, remove totally, refunded by nutrient solution in original water planting container, insufficient section to be supplemented to bottom water level to field planting basket upwards 1 ~ 2cm again.
The present invention has the following advantages: (1) efficiently solves the problem being difficult to assurance opportunity of moisture content and fertilising in Chinese yew maintenance processes; (2) achieve the indoor maintenance of water planting of Chinese yew, ensure the survival rate of Chinese yew and the attractive in appearance of profile; (3) and maintenance process is simple, more save worry laborsaving than earth culture Chinese yew.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Native bulb diameter described in the present invention, when referring to Nursery stock transplanting root diameter with mud ball.Described leading thread refers to the tree shank diameter at overhead 0.3m place.
Embodiment one: the indoor maintenance process of a kind of water planting southern enqlish yew, comprises the following steps:
(1) infrastructure construction:
A, build the Standard greenhouse booth of respective area according to need of production, and be equipped with blower fan and cascade was lowered the temperature for summer;
B, urging the construction of offspring bed: building width with fragment of brick and cement is 1.0m, is highly that the rectangle of 70cm urges offspring bed; Urge reserved 70cm pavement between offspring bed, to operate; Urge in offspring bed and spread the perlite that thickness is 50cm, distance urges 1.5m above offspring bed to install an atomizing pipeline, supplements to carry out blade face moisture content and nutrient;
C, induction seedbed are built: directly impaling width on ground with plank is 1.0m, are highly the rectangle induction seedbed of 35cm; The bottom fine sand in induction seedbed is paved, and then whole induction seedbed is covered one deck geotextiles, finally covers layer of plastic film again, geotextiles and plastic film are fixed on plank top; Putting in inside, induction seedbed is highly the footing plate of 10cm; The pavement of reserved 70cm between induction seedbed, to operate; Above distance induction seedbed, 1.5m installs an atomizing pipeline, supplements to carry out blade face moisture content and nutrient; Above distance footing plate, 15cm installs two atomizing pipelines, and two atomizing pipelines are evenly distributed in induction seedbed, supplement for root moisture content and nutrient;
D, nutrition liquid pool are built: according to the corresponding nutrition liquid pool of actual production scale construction, also can be suitably large; Directly can buy the plastics liquid storage tank of respective volume from market, be then embedded in underground, nutrition liquid pool top is equal with earth's surface, so that nutrient solution carries out natural back flow;
(2) selection of seedling and process:
A, female parent selection: selected for 2 ages, plant height 20cm, hat width 30cm, Chinese yew plant with luxuriant foliage, attentional manipulation soil gauge ball lattice during excavation, loose will as far as possible the avoiding of native ball, prevents survival rate from reducing;
B, root system process: avoid the dispersion of Chinese yew plant soil ball, be that miter angle cuts off the peripheral downright bad root system of native ball and too much capillary root with sharp scissors, retain cubsoil, ensure that native ball sphere diameter is 4 times of leading thread; After handling root well, spray one deck rooting promoter at native ball surface uniform, rooting promoter employing concentration is the ABT1 solution of 100ppm, dries in the shade 20 minutes in air;
C, will Chinese yew plant be urged offspring bed induce, native ball imbeds perlite completely, and perlite water imbibition is strong, does not affect the color of root system, and is convenient to the cleaning of root, urges the pH value of offspring bed with 6 to 6.5 for good;
(3) adventive root expedites the emergence of: under samming is more than 20 DEG C conditions, can facilitate adventive root through 30 days; During facilitating adventive root, every day is sprayed water 4 times by atomizing pipeline, and each 45 seconds, perlite humidity remained on 3% ~ 6%; After Chinese yew plant is urged offspring bed 20 days, the humidity of pearlite interstitial substance be strengthened, make humidity remain on 6% ~ 8%, when intensity of illumination draws shade net more than during 30000Lux, avoid perlite moisture to evaporate, fully ensure root humidity;
Within every 15 days, use a fertilizer and bactericide, adopt foliage-spray and root to water two kinds of modes and hocket, after namely Chinese yew plant being urged offspring bed, first is carried out foliage-spray in 15 days, and second is carried out root pouring in 15 days; Foliage-spray adopts logical " spending intact " general fertilizer and phenyl ether methyl cyclic element mixed solution forever, and logical " spending intact " general fertilizer and phenyl ether methyl cyclic element are dilution 1000 times forever; Root pouring adopts the mixed solution of root-inducing powder and pcnb, and root-inducing powder and pcnb are dilution 800 times;
(4) aquatic induction: after Chinese yew plant being urged offspring bed 30 days, adventive root length reaches 2 ~ 3cm, is taken out by Chinese yew plant from urging offspring bed, removes the old root of part, extremely root, cuts upper surface fibrous root, thoroughly cleaned by root system; The haydite loading 2cm thickness in field planting basket carries out rebasing, and Chinese yew plant is put into field planting basket, ensures that root system is unfolded, then continues to pour haydite into, pats surrounding and bottom, makes haydite enter the space of root system, is fixed Chinese yew plant; The field planting basket of good for field planting Chinese yew plant is put on the footing plate in induction seedbed, continue inducing adventitious root growth, after Chinese yew plant being induced seedbed 10 days, during adventive root continued growth to 2 ~ 4cm, nutrient solution is added in induction seedbed, nutrient solution adopts logical " spending intact " general fertilizer forever, and concentration is 1000 times of liquid, and makes 1cm bottom nutrient solution submergence field planting basket; Need during initial stage field planting fully to ensure that blade face is moistening, carries out blade face every day and sprays water 5 times, will fully ensure that haydite is moistening simultaneously, make haydite humidity remain on 3% ~ 6%, to prevent induction root lignification; After the initial stage field planting of 4 days, carry out blade face every day and spray water 2 times;
When aquatic induction starts, the liquid level of nutrient solution wants lcm at the bottom of submergence field planting basket, and after root system gos deep into nutrient solution in a large number, liquid level can be turned down thereupon, and more root segment is exposed in air.In this case, can there are many hairs in the root segment be exposed in humid air again, and it is too of a specified duration that these have the root segment of many hairs not flooded by nutrient solution again, otherwise will be downright bad and injure whole root system, so liquid level can not irregularly be elevated arbitrarily.After liquid level reduces in principle, if when the root segment on top has produced a large amount of root hair, liquid level has just been stabilized in this level.Be also noted that the needs making the liquid measure retaining in bottom land have enough plant 2 ~ 3 days water suction, can not fall to obtain the very shallow maintenance not plant water absorption of 1 day, general liquid level maintains 10cm;
(5) guide and instruct management: the nutrient solution in nutrition liquid pool is sprayed by atomizing pipeline, induction circulates by realizing nutrient solution between pipeline and nutrition liquid pool bottom seedbed, every day 3 times in summer, each 15min; Afternoon 1 time in winter, each 15min, follow the trail of EC and the pH change of nutrient solution at any time, regulate, nutrient solution pH value range is 6.5 ~ 7, EC value is 1.4 ~ 1.8ms; When nutrient solution concentration drops to 70% of initial concentration, adjust concentration immediately;
In guide and instruct management process, temperature and nutrient solution control as follows: water temperature summer is 18 ~ 25 DEG C, winter 8 ~ 10 DEG C;
(6) bottling maintenance: when producing adventive root through aquatic induction and growing to 8 ~ 10cm, from induction seedbed, Chinese yew plant can be taken out, put into suitable water planting container, enter family and put;
(7) actual conditions of indoor maintenance is:
A, illumination: southern enqlish yew belongs to ombrophyte, the illumination needed for growth is based on astigmatism, and intensity of illumination is 4000 ~ 5000lux, does not need long direct sunlight; The direct projection of sunlight should be avoided in summer, in order to avoid cause Chinese yew plant leaf to occur calcination, cause the phenomenon that leaf margin is dried-up; Described astigmatism refers to avoids direct sunlight, by sunshade net or the form construction keeping away shade;
B, temperature: the growth temperature that water planting Chinese yew is suitable for is generally between 5 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, and general indoor environment temperature is all suitable for the growth of water planting Chinese yew; Winter should be noted cold-proof, especially must move into indoor lower than the outdoor water planting Chinese yew of 0 DEG C;
C, change water, moisturizing: the liquid in the water planting container of water planting Chinese yew is nutrient solution, nutrient solution water level general control upwards 1cm place bottom field planting basket, the too high phenomenon easily making root system of plant occur rotten of anoxic of water level; Accomplish that water planting container middle water level declines in principle, add water during lack of water, under normal condition, too much overfrequency need not change water; When producing green alga in water planting container, then first the nutrient solution in water planting container is proceeded in other container, then the green alga inside and outside water planting container and on field planting basket is carefully cleared up, remove totally, refunded by nutrient solution in original water planting container, insufficient section is supplemented to water level again and is positioned at bottom field planting basket upwards 1cm; Because general multipurpose household chlorine (liquid chlorine) or bleaching powder carry out disinfection the running water of sterilization, therefore running water will shine 1 ~ 2 day, to make chlorine residual in running water and chemical substance volatilization, increase dissolved oxygen amount simultaneously, make it become the water of suitable water planting growth of taxol; Simultaneously in routine servicing, every day once sprays water to blade face and haydite, impels water planting Chinese yew healthy growth;
The interpolation of d, nutrient solution: the nutrient solution of Chinese yew adds general blade face and the root of adopting and imposes, and fertilizer adopts forever to lead to spends intact universal fertilizer; Foliage fertilizer two weeks sprays once, and concentration is 1000 times, and root fertilising is undertaken adding fertilizer by changing water, and concentration is 800 times;
E, ventilation: Chinese yew is afraid of atmosphere draught-free most, easily cause blade withered and yellow, seriously easily make whole strain Plant death under sultry condition; Therefore, under water planting Chinese yew need be placed in the environment of good ventilation, plant could be kept well to grow.
Embodiment two: the indoor maintenance process of a kind of water planting southern enqlish yew, comprises the following steps:
(1) infrastructure construction:
A, build the Standard greenhouse booth of respective area according to need of production, and be equipped with blower fan and cascade was lowered the temperature for summer;
B, urging the construction of offspring bed: building width with fragment of brick and cement is 1.0m, is highly that the rectangle of 70cm urges offspring bed; Urge reserved 70cm pavement between offspring bed, to operate; Urge in offspring bed and spread the perlite that thickness is 50cm, distance urges 1.5m above offspring bed to install an atomizing pipeline, supplements to carry out blade face moisture content and nutrient;
C, induction seedbed are built: directly impaling width on ground with plank is 1.0m, are highly the rectangle induction seedbed of 35cm; The bottom fine sand in induction seedbed is paved, and then whole induction seedbed is covered one deck geotextiles, finally covers layer of plastic film again, geotextiles and plastic film are fixed on plank top; Putting in inside, induction seedbed is highly the footing plate of 10cm; The pavement of reserved 70cm between induction seedbed, to operate; Above distance induction seedbed, 1.5m installs an atomizing pipeline, supplements to carry out blade face moisture content and nutrient; Above distance footing plate, 15cm installs two atomizing pipelines, and two atomizing pipelines are evenly distributed in induction seedbed, supplement for root moisture content and nutrient;
D, nutrition liquid pool are built: according to the corresponding nutrition liquid pool of actual production scale construction, also can be suitably large; Directly can buy the plastics liquid storage tank of respective volume from market, be then embedded in underground, nutrition liquid pool top is equal with earth's surface, so that nutrient solution carries out natural back flow;
(2) selection of seedling and process:
A, female parent selection: selected for 2 ages, plant height 20cm, hat width 30cm, Chinese yew plant with luxuriant foliage, attentional manipulation soil gauge ball lattice during excavation, loose will as far as possible the avoiding of native ball, prevents survival rate from reducing;
B, root system process: avoid the dispersion of Chinese yew plant soil ball, be that miter angle cuts off the peripheral downright bad root system of native ball and too much capillary root with sharp scissors, retain cubsoil, ensure that native ball sphere diameter is 4 times of leading thread; After handling root well, spray one deck rooting promoter at native ball surface uniform, rooting promoter employing concentration is the ABT1 solution of 100ppm, dries in the shade 20 minutes in air;
C, will Chinese yew plant be urged offspring bed induce, native ball imbeds perlite completely, and perlite water imbibition is strong, does not affect the color of root system, and is convenient to the cleaning of root, urges the pH value of offspring bed with 6 to 6.5 for good;
(3) adventive root expedites the emergence of: under samming is more than 20 DEG C conditions, can facilitate adventive root through 30 days; During facilitating adventive root, every day is sprayed water 4 times by atomizing pipeline, and each 45 seconds, perlite humidity remained on 3% ~ 6%; After Chinese yew plant is urged offspring bed 20 days, the humidity of pearlite interstitial substance be strengthened, make humidity remain on 6% ~ 8%, when intensity of illumination draws shade net more than during 30000Lux, avoid perlite moisture to evaporate, fully ensure root humidity;
Within every 15 days, use a fertilizer and bactericide, adopt foliage-spray and root to water two kinds of modes and hocket, after namely Chinese yew plant being urged offspring bed, first is carried out foliage-spray in 15 days, and second is carried out root pouring in 15 days; Foliage-spray adopts logical " spending intact " general fertilizer and phenyl ether methyl cyclic element mixed solution forever, and logical " spending intact " general fertilizer and phenyl ether methyl cyclic element are dilution 1000 times forever; Root pouring adopts the mixed solution of root-inducing powder and pcnb, and root-inducing powder and pcnb are dilution 800 times;
(4) aquatic induction: after Chinese yew plant being urged offspring bed 30 days, adventive root length reaches 2 ~ 3cm, is taken out by Chinese yew plant from urging offspring bed, removes the old root of part, extremely root, cuts upper surface fibrous root, thoroughly cleaned by root system; The haydite loading 2cm thickness in field planting basket carries out rebasing, and Chinese yew plant is put into field planting basket, ensures that root system is unfolded, then continues to pour haydite into, pats surrounding and bottom, makes haydite enter the space of root system, is fixed Chinese yew plant; The field planting basket of good for field planting Chinese yew plant is put on the footing plate in induction seedbed, continue inducing adventitious root growth, after Chinese yew plant being induced seedbed 10 days, during adventive root continued growth to 2 ~ 4cm, nutrient solution is added in induction seedbed, nutrient solution adopts logical " spending intact " general fertilizer forever, and concentration is 1000 times of liquid, and makes 1cm bottom nutrient solution submergence field planting basket; Need during initial stage field planting fully to ensure that blade face is moistening, carries out blade face every day and sprays water 5 times, will fully ensure that haydite is moistening simultaneously, make haydite humidity remain on 3% ~ 6%, to prevent induction root lignification; After the initial stage field planting of 4 days, carry out blade face every day and spray water 2 times;
When aquatic induction starts, the liquid level of nutrient solution wants lcm at the bottom of submergence field planting basket, and after root system gos deep into nutrient solution in a large number, liquid level can be turned down thereupon, and more root segment is exposed in air.In this case, can there are many hairs in the root segment be exposed in humid air again, and it is too of a specified duration that these have the root segment of many hairs not flooded by nutrient solution again, otherwise will be downright bad and injure whole root system, so liquid level can not irregularly be elevated arbitrarily.After liquid level reduces in principle, if when the root segment on top has produced a large amount of root hair, liquid level has just been stabilized in this level.Be also noted that the needs making the liquid measure retaining in bottom land have enough plant 2 ~ 3 days water suction, can not fall to obtain the very shallow maintenance not plant water absorption of 1 day, general liquid level maintains 10cm;
(5) guide and instruct management: the nutrient solution in nutrition liquid pool is sprayed by atomizing pipeline, induction circulates by realizing nutrient solution between pipeline and nutrition liquid pool bottom seedbed, every day 3 times in summer, each 15min; Afternoon 1 time in winter, each 15min, follow the trail of EC and the pH change of nutrient solution at any time, regulate, nutrient solution pH value range is 6.5 ~ 7, EC value is 1.4 ~ 1.8ms; When nutrient solution concentration drops to 70% of initial concentration, adjust concentration immediately;
In guide and instruct management process, temperature and nutrient solution control as follows: water temperature summer is 18 ~ 25 DEG C, winter 8 ~ 10 DEG C;
(6) bottling maintenance: when producing adventive root through aquatic induction and growing to 8 ~ 10cm, from induction seedbed, Chinese yew plant can be taken out, put into suitable water planting container, enter family and put;
(7) actual conditions of indoor maintenance is:
A, illumination: southern enqlish yew belongs to ombrophyte, the illumination needed for growth is based on astigmatism, and intensity of illumination is 4000 ~ 5000lux, does not need long direct sunlight; The direct projection of sunlight should be avoided in summer, in order to avoid cause Chinese yew plant leaf to occur calcination, cause the phenomenon that leaf margin is dried-up; Described astigmatism refers to avoids direct sunlight, by sunshade net or the form construction keeping away shade;
B, temperature: the growth temperature that water planting Chinese yew is suitable for is generally between 5 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, and general indoor environment temperature is all suitable for the growth of water planting Chinese yew; Winter should be noted cold-proof, especially must move into indoor lower than the outdoor water planting Chinese yew of 0 DEG C;
C, change water, moisturizing: the liquid in the water planting container of water planting Chinese yew is nutrient solution, nutrient solution water level general control upwards 2cm place bottom field planting basket, the too high phenomenon easily making root system of plant occur rotten of anoxic of water level; Accomplish that water planting container middle water level declines in principle, add water during lack of water, under normal condition, too much overfrequency need not change water; When producing green alga in water planting container, then first the nutrient solution in water planting container is proceeded in other container, then the green alga inside and outside water planting container and on field planting basket is carefully cleared up, remove totally, refunded by nutrient solution in original water planting container, insufficient section is supplemented to water level again and is positioned at bottom field planting basket upwards 2cm; Because general multipurpose household chlorine (liquid chlorine) or bleaching powder carry out disinfection the running water of sterilization, therefore running water will shine 1 ~ 2 day, to make chlorine residual in running water and chemical substance volatilization, increase dissolved oxygen amount simultaneously, make it become the water of suitable water planting growth of taxol; Simultaneously in routine servicing, every day once sprays water to blade face and haydite, impels water planting Chinese yew healthy growth;
The interpolation of d, nutrient solution: the nutrient solution of Chinese yew adds general blade face and the root of adopting and imposes, and fertilizer adopts forever to lead to spends intact universal fertilizer; Foliage fertilizer two weeks sprays once, and concentration is 1500 times, and root fertilising is undertaken adding fertilizer by changing water, and concentration is 1000 times;
E, ventilation: Chinese yew is afraid of atmosphere draught-free most, easily cause blade withered and yellow, seriously easily make whole strain Plant death under sultry condition; Therefore, under water planting Chinese yew need be placed in the environment of good ventilation, plant could be kept well to grow.
Embodiment three: the indoor maintenance process of a kind of water planting southern enqlish yew, comprises the following steps:
(1) infrastructure construction:
A, build the Standard greenhouse booth of respective area according to need of production, and be equipped with blower fan and cascade was lowered the temperature for summer;
B, urging the construction of offspring bed: building width with fragment of brick and cement is 1.0m, is highly that the rectangle of 70cm urges offspring bed; Urge reserved 70cm pavement between offspring bed, to operate; Urge in offspring bed and spread the perlite that thickness is 50cm, distance urges 1.5m above offspring bed to install an atomizing pipeline, supplements to carry out blade face moisture content and nutrient;
C, induction seedbed are built: directly impaling width on ground with plank is 1.0m, are highly the rectangle induction seedbed of 35cm; The bottom fine sand in induction seedbed is paved, and then whole induction seedbed is covered one deck geotextiles, finally covers layer of plastic film again, geotextiles and plastic film are fixed on plank top; Putting in inside, induction seedbed is highly the footing plate of 10cm; The pavement of reserved 70cm between induction seedbed, to operate; Above distance induction seedbed, 1.5m installs an atomizing pipeline, supplements to carry out blade face moisture content and nutrient; Above distance footing plate, 15cm installs two atomizing pipelines, and two atomizing pipelines are evenly distributed in induction seedbed, supplement for root moisture content and nutrient;
D, nutrition liquid pool are built: according to the corresponding nutrition liquid pool of actual production scale construction, also can be suitably large; Directly can buy the plastics liquid storage tank of respective volume from market, be then embedded in underground, nutrition liquid pool top is equal with earth's surface, so that nutrient solution carries out natural back flow;
(2) selection of seedling and process:
A, female parent selection: selected for 2 ages, plant height 20cm, hat width 30cm, Chinese yew plant with luxuriant foliage, attentional manipulation soil gauge ball lattice during excavation, loose will as far as possible the avoiding of native ball, prevents survival rate from reducing;
B, root system process: avoid the dispersion of Chinese yew plant soil ball, be that miter angle cuts off the peripheral downright bad root system of native ball and too much capillary root with sharp scissors, retain cubsoil, ensure that native ball sphere diameter is 4 times of leading thread; After handling root well, spray one deck rooting promoter at native ball surface uniform, rooting promoter employing concentration is the ABT1 solution of 100ppm, dries in the shade 20 minutes in air;
C, will Chinese yew plant be urged offspring bed induce, native ball imbeds perlite completely, and perlite water imbibition is strong, does not affect the color of root system, and is convenient to the cleaning of root, urges the pH value of offspring bed with 6 to 6.5 for good;
(3) adventive root expedites the emergence of: under samming is more than 20 DEG C conditions, can facilitate adventive root through 30 days; During facilitating adventive root, every day is sprayed water 4 times by atomizing pipeline, and each 45 seconds, perlite humidity remained on 3% ~ 6%; After Chinese yew plant is urged offspring bed 20 days, the humidity of pearlite interstitial substance be strengthened, make humidity remain on 6% ~ 8%, when intensity of illumination draws shade net more than during 30000Lux, avoid perlite moisture to evaporate, fully ensure root humidity;
Within every 15 days, use a fertilizer and bactericide, adopt foliage-spray and root to water two kinds of modes and hocket, after namely Chinese yew plant being urged offspring bed, first is carried out foliage-spray in 15 days, and second is carried out root pouring in 15 days; Foliage-spray adopts logical " spending intact " general fertilizer and phenyl ether methyl cyclic element mixed solution forever, and logical " spending intact " general fertilizer and phenyl ether methyl cyclic element are dilution 1000 times forever; Root pouring adopts the mixed solution of root-inducing powder and pcnb, and root-inducing powder and pcnb are dilution 800 times;
(4) aquatic induction: after Chinese yew plant being urged offspring bed 30 days, adventive root length reaches 2 ~ 3cm, is taken out by Chinese yew plant from urging offspring bed, removes the old root of part, extremely root, cuts upper surface fibrous root, thoroughly cleaned by root system; The haydite loading 2cm thickness in field planting basket carries out rebasing, and Chinese yew plant is put into field planting basket, ensures that root system is unfolded, then continues to pour haydite into, pats surrounding and bottom, makes haydite enter the space of root system, is fixed Chinese yew plant; The field planting basket of good for field planting Chinese yew plant is put on the footing plate in induction seedbed, continue inducing adventitious root growth, after Chinese yew plant being induced seedbed 10 days, during adventive root continued growth to 2 ~ 4cm, nutrient solution is added in induction seedbed, nutrient solution adopts logical " spending intact " general fertilizer forever, and concentration is 1000 times of liquid, and makes 1cm bottom nutrient solution submergence field planting basket; Need during initial stage field planting fully to ensure that blade face is moistening, carries out blade face every day and sprays water 5 times, will fully ensure that haydite is moistening simultaneously, make haydite humidity remain on 3% ~ 6%, to prevent induction root lignification; After the initial stage field planting of 4 days, carry out blade face every day and spray water 2 times;
When aquatic induction starts, the liquid level of nutrient solution wants lcm at the bottom of submergence field planting basket, and after root system gos deep into nutrient solution in a large number, liquid level can be turned down thereupon, and more root segment is exposed in air.In this case, can there are many hairs in the root segment be exposed in humid air again, and it is too of a specified duration that these have the root segment of many hairs not flooded by nutrient solution again, otherwise will be downright bad and injure whole root system, so liquid level can not irregularly be elevated arbitrarily.After liquid level reduces in principle, if when the root segment on top has produced a large amount of root hair, liquid level has just been stabilized in this level.Be also noted that the needs making the liquid measure retaining in bottom land have enough plant 2 ~ 3 days water suction, can not fall to obtain the very shallow maintenance not plant water absorption of 1 day, general liquid level maintains 10cm;
(5) guide and instruct management: the nutrient solution in nutrition liquid pool is sprayed by atomizing pipeline, induction circulates by realizing nutrient solution between pipeline and nutrition liquid pool bottom seedbed, every day 3 times in summer, each 15min; Afternoon 1 time in winter, each 15min, follow the trail of EC and the pH change of nutrient solution at any time, regulate, nutrient solution pH value range is 6.5 ~ 7, EC value is 1.4 ~ 1.8ms; When nutrient solution concentration drops to 70% of initial concentration, adjust concentration immediately;
In guide and instruct management process, temperature and nutrient solution control as follows: water temperature summer is 18 ~ 25 DEG C, winter 8 ~ 10 DEG C;
(6) bottling maintenance: when producing adventive root through aquatic induction and growing to 8 ~ 10cm, from induction seedbed, Chinese yew plant can be taken out, put into suitable water planting container, enter family and put;
(7) actual conditions of indoor maintenance is:
A, illumination: southern enqlish yew belongs to ombrophyte, the illumination needed for growth is based on astigmatism, and intensity of illumination is 4000 ~ 5000lux, does not need long direct sunlight; The direct projection of sunlight should be avoided in summer, in order to avoid cause Chinese yew plant leaf to occur calcination, cause the phenomenon that leaf margin is dried-up; Described astigmatism refers to avoids direct sunlight, by sunshade net or the form construction keeping away shade;
B, temperature: the growth temperature that water planting Chinese yew is suitable for is generally between 5 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, and general indoor environment temperature is all suitable for the growth of water planting Chinese yew; Winter should be noted cold-proof, especially must move into indoor lower than the outdoor water planting Chinese yew of 0 DEG C;
C, change water, moisturizing: the liquid in the water planting container of water planting Chinese yew is nutrient solution, nutrient solution water level general control upwards 1.5cm place bottom field planting basket, the too high phenomenon easily making root system of plant occur rotten of anoxic of water level; Accomplish that water planting container middle water level declines in principle, add water during lack of water, under normal condition, too much overfrequency need not change water; When producing green alga in water planting container, then first the nutrient solution in water planting container is proceeded in other container, then the green alga inside and outside water planting container and on field planting basket is carefully cleared up, remove totally, refunded by nutrient solution in original water planting container, insufficient section is supplemented to water level again and is positioned at bottom field planting basket upwards 1.5cm; Because general multipurpose household chlorine (liquid chlorine) or bleaching powder carry out disinfection the running water of sterilization, therefore running water will shine 1 ~ 2 day, to make chlorine residual in running water and chemical substance volatilization, increase dissolved oxygen amount simultaneously, make it become the water of suitable water planting growth of taxol; Simultaneously in routine servicing, every day once sprays water to blade face and haydite, impels water planting Chinese yew healthy growth;
The interpolation of d, nutrient solution: the nutrient solution of Chinese yew adds general blade face and the root of adopting and imposes, and fertilizer adopts forever to lead to spends intact universal fertilizer; Foliage fertilizer two weeks sprays once, and concentration is 1200 times, and root fertilising is undertaken adding fertilizer by changing water, and concentration is 9000 times;
E, ventilation: Chinese yew is afraid of atmosphere draught-free most, easily cause blade withered and yellow, seriously easily make whole strain Plant death under sultry condition; Therefore, under water planting Chinese yew need be placed in the environment of good ventilation, plant could be kept well to grow.
Claims (8)
1. the indoor maintenance process of water planting southern enqlish yew, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) build green house, urge offspring bed, induce seedbed and nutrition liquid pool;
(2) selection of seedling and process:
A, female parent selection: selected for 2 ~ 3 ages, plant height 20 ~ 30cm, the Chinese yew plant of hat 30 ~ 35cm;
B, root system process: avoid the dispersion of Chinese yew plant soil ball, cut off the peripheral downright bad root system of native ball and capillary root, retain cubsoil, ensure that native ball sphere diameter is 4 ~ 5 times of leading thread; After handling root well, spray one deck rooting promoter at native ball surface uniform, rooting promoter employing concentration is the ABT1 solution of 100ppm ~ 120ppm, dries in the shade 20 ~ 30 minutes in air;
C, will Chinese yew plant be urged offspring bed induce, native ball imbeds perlite completely;
(3) adventive root expedites the emergence of: under samming is more than 20 DEG C conditions, can facilitate adventive root through 30 ~ 35 days; During facilitating adventive root, every day is sprayed water 4 ~ 5 times by atomizing pipeline, and each 30 ~ 45 seconds, perlite humidity remained on 3% ~ 6%; After Chinese yew plant is urged offspring bed 20 ~ 25 days, pearlite interstitial substance humidity remains on 6% ~ 8%, when intensity of illumination draws shade net more than during 30000Lux;
Within every 15 days, use a fertilizer and bactericide, adopt foliage-spray and root to water two kinds of modes and hocket; Foliage-spray adopts logical " spending intact " general fertilizer and phenyl ether methyl cyclic element mixed solution forever, and logical " spending intact " general fertilizer and phenyl ether methyl cyclic element are dilution 1000 times forever; Root pouring adopts the mixed solution of root-inducing powder and pcnb, and root-inducing powder and pcnb are dilution 800 times;
(4) aquatic induction: Chinese yew plant adventive root length reaches 2 ~ 3cm, takes out Chinese yew plant from urging offspring bed, removes old root, dead root, cuts upper surface fibrous root, thoroughly cleaned by root system; The haydite loading 2 ~ 3cm thickness in field planting basket carries out rebasing, Chinese yew plant is put into field planting basket, ensures that root system is unfolded, then continue to pour haydite into, pat surrounding and bottom, make haydite enter the space of root system, be fixed Chinese yew plant; The field planting basket of good for field planting Chinese yew plant is put on the footing plate in induction seedbed, continue inducing adventitious root growth, after Chinese yew plant being induced seedbed 10 ~ 15 days, during adventive root continued growth to 2 ~ 4cm, nutrient solution is added in induction seedbed, nutrient solution adopts logical " spending intact " general fertilizer forever, and concentration is 1000 times of liquid, and makes 1 ~ 2cm bottom nutrient solution submergence field planting basket; Need during initial stage field planting fully to ensure that blade face is moistening, carry out blade face water spray every day 5 ~ 6 times, will fully ensure that haydite is moistening simultaneously, make haydite humidity remain on 3% ~ 6%; After the initial stage field planting of 4 ~ 5 days, carry out blade face water spray every day 2 ~ 3 times;
(5) guide and instruct management: the nutrient solution in nutrition liquid pool is sprayed by atomizing pipeline, induction circulates by realizing nutrient solution between pipeline and nutrition liquid pool bottom seedbed, every day 3 ~ 4 times in summer, each 10 ~ 15min; Afternoon 1 time in winter, each 10 ~ 15min, keeping nutrient solution pH value to be 6.5 ~ 7, EC value is 1.4 ~ 1.8ms; Water temperature summer is 18 ~ 25 DEG C, winter 8 ~ 10 DEG C;
(6) bottling maintenance: when producing adventive root through aquatic induction and growing to 8 ~ 10cm, from induction seedbed, Chinese yew plant can be taken out, put into water planting container and carry out indoor maintenance;
(7) actual conditions of indoor maintenance is:
A, illumination: adopt astigmatism, intensity of illumination is 4000 ~ 5000lux;
B, temperature: in maintenance processes, temperature remains on 5 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C;
C, moisturizing: the liquid in the water planting container of water planting Chinese yew is nutrient solution, ensure nutrient solution water lev el control upwards 1 ~ 2cm place bottom field planting basket by moisturizing in maintenance processes; And in maintenance processes, every day once sprays water to blade face and haydite;
The interpolation of d, nutrient solution: the nutrient solution of Chinese yew adds the mode by foliage-spray and root fertilising, fertilizer adopts forever to lead to spends intact universal fertilizer; Foliage fertilizer two weeks sprays once, and concentration is 1000 ~ 1500 times, and root fertilising is undertaken adding fertilizer by changing water, and concentration is 800 ~ 1000 times;
E, ventilation: keep ventilation state.
2. the indoor maintenance process of water planting southern enqlish yew as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described Standard greenhouse booth is equipped with blower fan and cascade is used for lowering the temperature summer.
3. the indoor maintenance process of water planting southern enqlish yew as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described in urge the construction of offspring bed: adopting fragment of brick and cement to build width is 1.0 ~ 1.2m, is highly that the rectangle of 70 ~ 80cm urges offspring bed; Urge reserved 70 ~ 80cm pavement between offspring bed; Urge in offspring bed and spread the perlite that thickness is 50 ~ 60cm, distance urges 1.5 ~ 2.0m above offspring bed to install an atomizing pipeline.
4. the indoor maintenance process of water planting southern enqlish yew as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the construction in described induction seedbed: adopting plank to impale width on ground is 1.0 ~ 1.2m, is highly the rectangle induction seedbed of 35 ~ 40cm; The bottom fine sand in induction seedbed is paved, and then whole induction seedbed is covered one deck geotextiles, finally covers layer of plastic film again, geotextiles and plastic film are fixed on plank top; Putting in inside, induction seedbed is highly the footing plate of 10 ~ 15cm; The pavement of reserved 70 ~ 80cm between induction seedbed; Above distance induction seedbed, 1.5 ~ 2.0m installs an atomizing pipeline, and above distance footing plate, 15 ~ 20cm installs two atomizing pipelines.
5. the indoor maintenance process of water planting southern enqlish yew as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described nutrition liquid pool is embedded in underground, and nutrition liquid pool top is equal with earth's surface; Nutrient solution in nutrition liquid pool connects the atomizing pipeline above induction seedbed, and induction circulates by realizing nutrient solution between pipeline and nutrition liquid pool bottom seedbed.
6. the indoor maintenance process of water planting southern enqlish yew as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in aquatic Induction Process, after the root system of Chinese yew plant gos deep into nutrient solution in a large number, keeps nutrient solution liquid level to be 10 ~ 15cm.
7. the indoor maintenance process of water planting southern enqlish yew as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in aquatic Induction Process, and when nutrient solution concentration drops to 70% of initial concentration, adjustment concentration is to initial concentration.
8. the indoor maintenance process of water planting southern enqlish yew as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (7) indoor maintenance processes: when producing green alga in water planting container, first the nutrient solution in water planting container is proceeded in other container, then the green alga inside and outside water planting container and on field planting basket is cleared up, remove totally, refunded by nutrient solution in original water planting container, insufficient section to be supplemented to bottom water level to field planting basket upwards 1 ~ 2cm again.
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