CN104303769A - Potato expanding propagation method - Google Patents
Potato expanding propagation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104303769A CN104303769A CN201410536949.3A CN201410536949A CN104303769A CN 104303769 A CN104303769 A CN 104303769A CN 201410536949 A CN201410536949 A CN 201410536949A CN 104303769 A CN104303769 A CN 104303769A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a potato expanding propagation method. The potato expanding propagation method comprises the measures of potato seed seedling growth, seedling breaking-off and transplantation, soil preparation and field management. The method comprises the following steps of cultivating short strong buds by using potato seeds; selecting loam which is flat and facilitates irrigation and drainage, wherein solanaceae crops such as potatoes, hot pepper and eggplants are not planted in the loam for over two years; sowing seeds in the last ten-day period of March; manufacturing a potato bed, wherein the width of the potato bed is 90cm, and the depth is 20cm; in the seed sowing process, enabling tubers to meet the conditions that the umbilical region of each tuber faces downwards, the top of each tuber faces upwards, and spacing between every two potatoes is 3cm; performing seedling breaking-off and transplantation when the length of seedlings reaches 3-5cm and the root length is about 5cm; digging a pond in the transplantation process, wherein the line spacing is 50-53cm, the row spacing is 29-33cm, and the depth of the pond is 13-15cm; planting the seedlings which are broken off in the pond in a single plant form, burying white parts and roots into soil, and applying a sufficient amount of root fixing water; when new roots grow within 10-15 days, switching a growth mode into a normal farmland management mode. Compared with a potato-cutting seed-sowing mode, a seedling breaking-off transplantation expanding propagation mode has the advantages that the cost is reduced by over 30 percent, and the propagation path of various sources of diseases from which the potatoes suffer in the seed cultivation process are avoided to the greatest extent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of potato expanding propagation method.
Background technology
Traditional modes of reproduction of potato is the whole potato selecting eye many, and as potato seed, two kinds of modes are sowed in point whole photo sowing and stripping and slicing.Whole photo sowing is when planting, and cuts after potato seed vernalization but the whole implantation methods be sown in ground without cutter, and one is that sowing quantity is large, and every mu needs potato seed 250 kilograms; Two is that breeding is slow, and a potato seed can only grow a strain.Stripping and slicing sowing a potato is cut into 2-3 block plant, and can improve reproduction coefficient about 3 times like this.But because potato has otch, easily scatter and disappear moisture, is also easily infected by bacterial, causes rotten kind to lack the pool.In addition, stripping and slicing sowing is an important channel of propagating disease.When switching to the potato of a disease carrying germ, if processed knife not in time, healthy potato will be given pathogen transmission.The efficiency of this propagation is quite high, and partial application can infect 30-40 healthy potato seed.The ring rot of potato is exactly that potato seed is spread by otch infection in dicing process.Therefore reproduction coefficient is little, easily propagates disease; Also need a large amount of potato seeds.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is open a kind of potato expanding propagation method, to solve the mode adopting whole potato cutting to get potato seed, need potato seed amount large, also waste the problem of potato.Improve the ability of the disease-resistant of potato and prevention noxious bacteria simultaneously.Also avoid the freight of a large amount of potato seed.
Technical scheme:
Potato expands propagation method, comprises potato seed nursery, breaks transplantation of seedlings, whole and field management measure; There are following steps:
A, potato seed are selected, select suitable New Potato Varieties original seed or one-level kind, the potato seed of weight 130-160 grammes per square metre, first mound storage, treats that potato seed starts rudiment, is having the indoor tiling 2-3 layers of light scattering, every first quarter moon upset once, conversion levels position, allows the potato bud of every layer of potato seed see light, cultivates short strong bud.
B, plot are selected, and select physical features smooth, irrigation and drainage are convenient, and soil layer is deep, the loam that soil property is fertile, and is the ground of not planting the solanaceous crops such as potato, spicy, eggplant in more than 2 years, break transplantation of seedlings ground as potato.
C, sowing time, should sow at late March.
D, ground, seedbed arrange, and on the plot that loosing soil is in small, broken bits, potato bedside 90 centimeters, length are determined arbitrarily, must deep-cut 20 centimeters, to dig out in bed that part soil is standby makes overburden soil, then are shakeout by soil in bed and keep loosening.
E, type of seeding, potato seed is long with bud is by size sequence, and stem tuber umbilical region is downward, and top upwards, is put on potato bed along both sides, 3 centimeters, the interval of potato; After setting, by the overburden soil got ready, lid kind of 6-7 centimetre is thick, and strike off and form high furrow, bedside is micro-is no less than 3 centimeters higher than furrow face, waters permeable, optionally waters backward and keeps furrow face moistening.
F, break seedling, the seedling observing potato seed in seedling bed grows to 3-5 centimetre, and root length close to 5 centimeters, and can be transplanted when having a large amount of fibrous root; Broken the potato seed after seedling, as step b mode is put in potato bed, upper overburden soil, waters and keeps moistening, make it emerge again, then break seedling, so repeatedly; First time, nursery stage was 43 ± 3 days, and second time is 23 ± 2 days, and third time is 16 ± 2 days.
G, transplanting, first dig pine or plow harrow to transplanting, by line-spacing 50-53 centimetre, and spacing in the rows 29-33 centimetre, the dark 13-15 centimetre in the pool digs the pool, executes well-rotted farmyard manure in the pool; Seedling under breaking is planted in the pool with individual plant, and white portion and root all will be imbedded in soil, and water sufficient normal root water, second day rewaters once, spray decis solution, anti-insect bite seedling; Break the seedling got off to plant by height order, in case the later stage height plant cover short plant.
H, field management, after cultivation seedling 5-7 days is seedling-slowing stage, and within 10-15 days, new root grows, and blade becomes large, and growth proceeds to normal, and now can carry out field management, management method is identical with Production of Large Fields.
Below potato seed, mention potato seed with rake when it is noted that transplanting, then broken down gently from potato seed by green seedling, the seedling under breaking should shade sun-proof, keeps fresh, ensures to transplant rear survival rate high; Potato seed is transplanted on potato bed again, and earthing is nursery again.
Obtain potato in the manner described above, use as seed, the multiple pathogeny that potato easily suffers from can be stopped to greatest extent, from the route of transmission of cultivating seeds process.Also have:
Breeding is fast: a general potato seed can break seedling about 3 times, 9-10 seedling can be bred, compare and cut potato breeding, a potato seed can only cut 2-3 block, breeding 2-3 seedling, reproduction coefficient improves more than 3 times, according to said method expands numerous, make New Potato Varieties can shift to an earlier date 3-4 and spread to huge numbers of families, thus produce larger economic and social benefit.
High efficiency: adopt and break transplantation of seedlings expanding propagation method, every mu, by kind about 45 kilograms, by per kilogram virus-free seed potato valency 2.5 yuan calculating, needs cost 112.5 yuan.And potato sowing is cut in employing, every mu at least needs, with planting 200 kilograms, to need cost 500 yuan; Break transplantation of seedlings expand numerous ratio cut potato sowing more than cost-saving 3 one-tenth.
Embodiment
Provide embodiment:
A, potato seed are selected, and select suitable New Potato Varieties original seed or one-level kind, weight 130-160 gram of potato seed, first mound storage, treat that potato seed starts rudiment, having the indoor tiling 3 layers of light scattering, every first quarter moon upset once, conversion levels position, allows the potato bud of every layer of potato seed see light, cultivates short strong bud.In storage, find that potato seed is in spite of illness removed in time, during sowing, select healthy anosis potato seed.Transplant 4000 seedlings by every mu and need 45 kilograms.
B, plot are selected, selection physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage are convenient, and soil layer is deep, and the loam that soil property is fertile breaks transplantation of seedlings ground as potato, novel species is infected for preventing local noxious bacteria, no matter potato bed and transplant ground, preferably selects the ground of not planting the solanaceous crops such as potato, spicy, eggplant for 2 years more than, breaks transplantation of seedlings and need water normal root water and water of keeping a full stand of seedings, thus also should select the plot nearer apart from water source, facilitate watering in management process.
C, sowing time, should sow at late March, the seedling of transplanting to prevent first time suffers frost, makes again the potato set finally breaking transplantation of seedlings have to meet it to grow necessary time span.
D, potato bed ground arranges, on the plot that loosing soil is in small, broken bits, and potato bed ground face width 90 centimeters, length, according to plot reality, is determined arbitrarily, is deep-cut at least 20 centimeters to the ground chosen, and part soil in bed being taken out, being deposited in potato bed dual-side, for making overburden soil; Again soil in bed shakeout and keep loose;
E, type of seeding, potato seed is long with bud is by size sequence, and stem tuber umbilical region is downward, and top upwards, is put on potato bed along both sides, 3 centimeters, interval; After potato seed sets, by the overburden soil got ready, cover in potato seed, THICKNESS CONTROL is at 6-7 centimetre, and strike off and form high furrow, bedside is micro-higher than bed surface 3 centimeters, waters permeable; The dry wet situation on backsight potato bed ground water once every 3-6 day, keep furrow face moistening.
F, break seedling, the seedling observing potato seed in seedling bed grows to 3-5 centimetre, and root length close to 5 centimeters, and can break seedling when having a large amount of fibrous root, in order to transplanting.Below potato seed, mention potato seed with rake during transplanting, then broken down gently from potato seed by green seedling, the seedling under breaking should shade sun-proof, keeps fresh, ensures to transplant rear survival rate high;
Broken the potato seed after seedling, as step b mode is put in potato bed, upper overburden soil, waters and keeps moistening, make it emerge again, then break seedling, so repeatedly; First time, nursery stage was 45 days, and second time is 23 days, and third time is 16 days.
G, transplanting, before breaking seedling, first dig pine or plow harrow transplanting ground at every turn, by line-spacing 53 centimeters, and spacing in the rows 29-33 centimetre, the dark 13-15 centimetre in the pool digs the pool, executes well-rotted farmyard manure in the pool; Seedling under breaking is planted in the pool with individual plant, and white portion and root all will be imbedded in soil, and water sufficient normal root water, second day rewaters once, the anti-insect bite seedling of spray decis solution; Break come seedling should plant by height order, in case the later stage height plant cover short plant.
H, field management, after cultivation seedling 5-7 days is seedling-slowing stage, and within 10-15 days, new root grows, and blade becomes large, and growth proceeds to normal, and now can carry out field management, management method is identical with the Production of Large Fields mode of potato.
Adopt the method, utilize the potato seed chosen, through nursery, more repeatedly break the seedling that lower potato seed is bred as, plant in time and seed into the ground, repeated multiple timesly can break seedling plantation.Relatively traditional rhizome cutting propagation, had both made the reproduction rate of single potato kind improve more than 3 times, had saved sowing quantity.Effectively avoid again the propagation of disease, ensure that the quality of provenance.More a kind of New Potato Varieties of interests avoids the infringement of ring rot common at present or other germ and insect pest in applying.
Claims (3)
1. potato expands propagation method, comprises potato seed nursery, breaks transplantation of seedlings, whole and field management measure; It is characterized in that there are following steps:
A, potato seed are selected, select suitable New Potato Varieties original seed or one-level kind, the potato seed of weight 130-160 grammes per square metre, first mound storage, treats that potato seed starts rudiment, is having the indoor tiling 2-3 layers of light scattering, every first quarter moon upset once, conversion levels position, allows the potato bud of every layer of potato seed see light, cultivates short strong bud;
B, plot are selected, and select physical features smooth, irrigation and drainage are convenient, and soil layer is deep, the loam that soil property is fertile, and is the ground of not planting the solanaceous crops such as potato, spicy, eggplant in more than 2 years, break transplantation of seedlings ground as potato;
C, sowing time, should sow at late March;
D, ground, seedbed arrange, and on the plot that loosing soil is in small, broken bits, potato bedside 90 centimeters, length are determined arbitrarily, must deep-cut 20 centimeters, to dig out in bed that part soil is standby makes overburden soil, then are shakeout by soil in bed and keep loosening;
E, type of seeding, potato seed is long with bud is by size sequence, and stem tuber umbilical region is downward, and top upwards, is put on potato bed along both sides, 3 centimeters, the interval of potato; After setting, by the overburden soil got ready, lid kind of 6-7 centimetre is thick, and strike off and form high furrow, bedside is micro-is no less than 3 centimeters higher than furrow face, waters permeable, waters backward and keeps furrow face moistening;
F, break seedling, the seedling observing potato seed in seedling bed grows to 3-5 centimetre, and root length close to 5 centimeters, and can break seedling when having a large amount of fibrous root, in order to transplanting; Broken the potato seed after seedling, as step b mode is put in potato bed, upper overburden soil, waters and keeps moistening, make it emerge again, then break seedling, so repeatedly; First time, nursery stage was 43 ± 3 days, and second time is 23 ± 2 days, and third time is 16 ± 2 days;
G, transplanting, first dig pine or plow harrow to transplanting, by line-spacing 50-53 centimetre, and spacing in the rows 29-33 centimetre, the dark 13-15 centimetre in the pool digs the pool, executes well-rotted farmyard manure in the pool; Seedling under breaking is planted in the pool with individual plant, and white portion and root all will be imbedded in soil, and water sufficient normal root water, second day rewaters once, spray decis solution, anti-insect bite seedling; Break the seedling got off to plant by height order, in case the later stage height plant cover short plant;
H, field management, after cultivation seedling 5-7 days is seedling-slowing stage, and within 10-15 days, new root grows, and blade becomes large, and growth proceeds to normal, and now can carry out field management, management method is identical with Production of Large Fields.
2. potato according to claim 1 expands propagation method, it is characterized in that below potato seed, mentioning potato seed with rake when transplanting, then is broken down gently from potato seed by green seedling, and the seedling under breaking shades sun-proof, keeps fresh.
3. potato according to claim 1 expands propagation method, it is characterized in that according to the obtained potato seed of described method.
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| CN201410536949.3A CN104303769A (en) | 2014-10-13 | 2014-10-13 | Potato expanding propagation method |
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| CN201410536949.3A CN104303769A (en) | 2014-10-13 | 2014-10-13 | Potato expanding propagation method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107347608A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-11-17 | 西南大学 | Virus-free seed potato and seedling water planting integration high power mating system |
| CN108283117A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2018-07-17 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of method that potato primary stock Nutrition Soil culturing and transplanting seedlings efficiently produce original seed |
| CN111642397A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-11 | 延边朝鲜族自治州农业科学院（延边特产研究所） | Method for producing potato breeder seeds by using waste as matrix |
Citations (2)
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| CN101999308A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-04-06 | 何建栋 | Efficient fast-propagation technology for framework disc type tissue culture seedlings of potato |
| CN103340154A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-10-09 | 贵州恒丰科技开发有限公司 | Rapid breeding method for bud development and transplantation of potato seeds |
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2014
- 2014-10-13 CN CN201410536949.3A patent/CN104303769A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101999308A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-04-06 | 何建栋 | Efficient fast-propagation technology for framework disc type tissue culture seedlings of potato |
| CN103340154A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-10-09 | 贵州恒丰科技开发有限公司 | Rapid breeding method for bud development and transplantation of potato seeds |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 何廷飞: "马铃薯多次掰苗移栽扩繁技术", 《马铃薯杂志》 * |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108283117A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2018-07-17 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of method that potato primary stock Nutrition Soil culturing and transplanting seedlings efficiently produce original seed |
| CN107347608A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-11-17 | 西南大学 | Virus-free seed potato and seedling water planting integration high power mating system |
| CN111642397A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-11 | 延边朝鲜族自治州农业科学院（延边特产研究所） | Method for producing potato breeder seeds by using waste as matrix |
| CN111642397B (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2022-02-08 | 延边朝鲜族自治州农业科学院（延边特产研究所） | Method for producing potato breeder seeds by using waste as matrix |
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Application publication date: 20150128 |