CN104277196B - 长效聚氨酯芳香微胶囊的制备方法 - Google Patents

长效聚氨酯芳香微胶囊的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104277196B
CN104277196B CN201310278324.7A CN201310278324A CN104277196B CN 104277196 B CN104277196 B CN 104277196B CN 201310278324 A CN201310278324 A CN 201310278324A CN 104277196 B CN104277196 B CN 104277196B
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李佳怡
李学成
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Shanghai Shanghai Industrial Co., Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种长效聚氨酯芳香微胶囊的制备方法,制备的芳香微胶囊颗粒直径为3‑5um。制备微胶囊时,首先配制月桂酸钾、聚乙烯醇水乳液;然后将多异氰酸酯、不饱和多元醇、香精共混加热合成聚氨酯预聚体;将预聚混合物加入到乳液中搅拌分散,滴加自由基引发剂、三乙醇胺的丙二醇溶液,加热聚合得到芳香微胶囊。本发明使用的原料简单易得,反应条件易于满足,制备的芳香微胶囊安全性好,无毒副作用。

Description

长效聚氨酯芳香微胶囊的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种芳香微胶囊的制备方法,特别是一种长效聚氨酯芳香微胶囊的制备方法。
背景技术
微胶囊是以天然或者合成高分子为壁材,将固体、液体或气体作为芯材形而成的一类密封或半密封微型胶囊。微胶囊技术已广泛应用到各领域,如日化、材料、医药、纺织等产业。制备微胶囊可以使用各种壁材,其中聚氨酯在芳香微胶囊的制备中应用前景广阔。聚氨酯微胶囊具有良好的耐水解、耐溶剂、耐微生物性能,在加热或者压力作用下,能够释放香味,具有良好的缓控释放特性。
在制备聚氨酯微胶囊的过程中,人们采用了多种方法。如中国专利CN101453896A制备了一种吡虫啉微胶囊,将吡虫啉粉碎后添加聚氨酯高分子化合物,将其作为液滴分散于水中从而制得微胶囊。中国专利CN1936170A公布了一种聚氨酯芳香微胶囊,将多异氰酸酯、香精、环己烷溶剂、聚乙二醇、丙酮混合,滴加到催化剂氢氧化钠、海藻酸钠、水组成的水相中并搅拌,在50-70℃反应2h,从而得到微胶囊。中国专利CN101392460A公布了一种护肤微胶囊,将护肤油、多异氰酸酯混合加入到水中乳化,缓慢加入聚乙二醇与催化剂进行界面聚合,进行扩链反应后抽滤烘干得到微胶囊。张志斌在《世界科技研究与发展》2008年第5期中报道了等采用预聚-扩链-中和-分散溶解法制备聚氨酯水性溶液,然后用凝聚相法制备聚氨酯微胶囊。
在制备聚氨酯微胶囊的过程中,人们采用了多种方法对其进行改进,以便能控制微胶囊的结构与性能。中国专利CN101109151A公开了一种聚氨酯胶囊整理剂,通过改变聚氨酯预聚体中软链段与硬链段的含量比,调节使用聚氨酯微胶囊整理剂后织物的透气性能。中国专利CN1355267A通过种子乳液聚合,制备了聚氨酯/聚丙烯酸酯互穿网络,从而提高微胶囊的耐磨、耐冲击性能以及硬度。
由于不饱和双键能发生自由基聚合,本发明提出了一种将不饱和多元醇与多异氰酸酯预聚,搅拌分散后通过发生自由基聚合使不饱和双键交联,从而制备长效芳香微胶囊的方法。
发明内容
针对现有技术的上述不足,根据本发明的实施例,希望提出制得的微胶囊颗粒大小均匀,囊壁结构致密,香味保持时间长久的长效聚氨酯芳香微胶囊的制备方法。
根据实施例,本发明提供的长效聚氨酯芳香微胶囊的制备方法,其创新点在于,原料及其用量百分比为:聚乙烯醇1-2%、月桂酸0.2-0.3%、氢氧化钾0.1-3%、香精5-15%、多异氰酸酯2-5%、不饱和多元醇0.4-1.3%、自由基引发剂0.004-0.04%、丙二醇0.3%-3.6%、三乙醇胺0.1%-1.2%,余量为去离子水,制备方法包括如下步骤:
1)将月桂酸、聚乙烯醇加入到80℃去离子水中,以300-500rpm搅拌20min-1h,加入氢氧化钾将溶液pH调节至6-7,继续搅拌10-30min制得乳化液;
2)将多异氰酸酯溶解于香精,加入不饱和多元醇并混合均匀,在30-60℃搅拌进行预聚反应30min-3h制备预聚体;
3)将预聚体加入到乳化液中,以1000-2000rpm转速搅拌分散1-2h,在40-70℃温度与600-1000rpm转速下,搅拌并滴加自由基引发剂、三乙醇胺的丙二醇溶液,1-2h滴加完毕,继续搅拌反应0.5-2h。
根据实施例,本发明前述长效聚氨酯芳香微胶囊的制备方法中,香精为玫瑰香精油、薰衣草精油、柠檬香精油、茉莉香精油、菊花精油、芦荟精油、薄荷精油、青苹果精油、艾草精油和香茅精油等芳香精油中的一种或者任意两种混合。
根据实施例,本发明前述长效聚氨酯芳香微胶囊的制备方法中,多异氰酸酯为TDI、HDI、MDI中的一种或者任意两种混合。
根据实施例,本发明前述长效聚氨酯芳香微胶囊的制备方法中,不饱和多元醇为2-丁烯-1,4-二醇、2-戊烯-1,5-二醇、3-戊烯-1,5-二醇、2-己烯-1,6-二醇、3-己烯-1,6-二醇和4-己烯-1,6-二醇中的一种或者任意两种混合。
根据实施例,本发明前述长效聚氨酯芳香微胶囊的制备方法中,自由基引发剂为AIBN(偶氮二异丁腈)。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点:(1)制备了聚乙烯醇、月桂酸钾复合乳化体系,该乳化液刺激性小、体系稳定、分散效果好;(2)三乙醇胺可以催化扩链反应的进行,提高反应速度,同时它与丙二醇形成复合扩链剂,加成到聚氨酯囊壁中,毒副作用小;(3)使用不饱和多元醇合成了聚氨酯预聚体,通过自由基聚合使预聚体中的不饱和双键发生交联,提高了微胶囊囊壁的致密性,微胶囊芳香效果持久。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明实施例的聚氨酯芳香微胶囊的SEM照片。
图2为图1所示芳香微胶囊SEM照片的放大图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。这些实施例应理解为仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的保护范围。在阅读了本发明记载的内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等效变化和修饰同样落入本发明权利要求所限定的范围。
本发明以下实施例中所使用的原料如无特别标示均为市售产品。
实施例1
原料组成如下:
聚乙烯醇12g、月桂酸2g、去离子水1L、氢氧化钾0.4g、玫瑰香精100g、TDI30g、2-丁烯-1,4-二醇3g、三乙醇胺6g、丙二醇8g、AIBN140mg
制备工艺流程如下:
1)将月桂酸、聚乙烯醇加入到80℃水中,以400rpm转速搅拌30min,加入氢氧化钾溶液将溶液pH值调节为6,继续搅拌20min制备乳化液;
2)将多异氰酸酯TDI溶解于玫瑰香精,加入2-丁烯-1,2-二醇并混合均匀,在60℃加热搅拌2.5h进行预聚反应;
3)将预聚体加入到乳化液中,以1600rpm转速搅拌分散1h,在60℃温度与800rpm转速下,搅拌并滴加AIBN、三乙醇胺的丙二醇溶液,1h滴加完毕,在70℃继续搅拌反应2h。
图1为对应于本实施例聚氨酯芳香微胶囊的SEM照片,图2为芳香微胶囊SEM照片的放大图。
按照通常方法测定,本实施例制得的聚氨酯芳香微胶囊平均尺寸为4.2um,香料包覆率为92%。
另外,按照1:15的质量比,将本实施例制得的聚氨酯芳香微胶囊乳液加入到水中并搅拌20min,将需要处理的织物浸入混合液中,使用二浸二轧工艺进行织物整理,在100℃预烘干2min,在120℃烘干3min定形。使用微胶囊处理过的织物芳香效果良好,香味可保持1年以上。
实施例2
原料组成如下:
聚乙烯醇7g、月桂酸2g、去离子水600ml、氢氧化钾0.4g、柠檬香精80g、MDI32g、4-己烯-1,6-二醇4g、三乙醇胺3.5g、丙二醇5.5g、AIBN100mg
制备工艺流程如下:
1)将月桂酸、聚乙烯醇加入到80℃水中,以400rpm转速搅拌30min,加入氢氧化钾溶液将溶液pH值调节为6,继续搅拌20min制备乳化液;
2)将多异氰酸酯MDI溶解于玫瑰香精,加入4-己烯-1,6-二醇并混合均匀,在60℃加热搅拌2.5h,进行预聚反应;
3)将预聚体加入到乳化液中,以1500rpm搅拌分散1h,在60℃温度与800rpm转速下,搅拌并滴加AIBN、三乙醇胺的丙二醇溶液,1h滴加完毕,在70℃继续搅拌反应2h。
按照通常方法测定,本实施例制得的聚氨酯芳香微胶囊平均尺寸为3.0um,香料包覆率为93%。
另外,按照1:13的质量比,将本实施例制得的聚氨酯芳香微胶囊乳液加入到水中并搅拌20min,将需要处理的织物浸入混合液中,使用洗衣机甩干后回收微胶囊乳液,将甩干的织物在100℃预烘干1min,在120℃烘干2min定形。使用微胶囊处理过的织物芳香效果良好,香味可保持1年以上。
实施例3
原料组成如下:
聚乙烯醇13g、月桂酸3g、去离子水1L、氢氧化钾0.5g、茉莉香精100g、HDI42g、3-戊烯-1,5二醇7g、三乙醇胺6g、丙二醇10g、AIBN160mg
制备工艺流程如下:
1)将月桂酸、聚乙烯醇加入到80℃水中,以500rpm转速搅拌30min,加入氢氧化钾溶液将溶液pH值调节为6,继续搅拌20min制得乳化液;
2)将多异氰酸酯HDI溶解于茉莉香精,加入3-戊烯-1,5二醇并混合均匀,在55℃加热搅拌2h进行预聚反应;
3)将预聚体加入到乳化液中,以1500rpm转速搅拌分散1h,在60℃温度与700rpm转速下,搅拌并滴加AIBN、三乙醇胺的丙二醇溶液,1h滴加完毕,在70℃继续搅拌反应1.5h。
按照通常方法测定,本实施例制得的聚氨酯芳香微胶囊平均尺寸为5.0um,香料包覆率为92%。
另外,按照1:10的质量比,将本实施例制得的聚氨酯芳香微胶囊乳液加入到水中并搅拌20min,将需要进行处理的织物浸入混合液中,使用二浸二轧工艺进行织物整理,将处理过的织物在100℃预烘干2min,在120℃烘干3min定形。使用微胶囊整理过的织物芳香效果良好,香味可保持1年以上。
实施例4
原料组成如下:
聚乙烯醇6g、月桂酸1.5g、去离子水500ml、氢氧化钾0.3g、香茅香精60g、MDI24g、2-己烯-1,6-二醇3g、三乙醇胺3g、丙二醇4.5g、AIBN80mg
制备工艺流程如下:
1)将月桂酸、聚乙烯醇加入到80℃水中,以500rpm转速搅拌20min,加入氢氧化钾溶液将溶液pH值调节为6,继续搅拌15min制备乳化液;
2)将多异氰酸酯MDI溶解于玫瑰香精,加入4-己烯-1,6-二醇并混合均匀,在60℃加热搅拌1h进行预聚反应;
3)将预聚体加入到乳化液中,以1000-2000rpm转速搅拌分散1h,在60℃温度与700rpm转速下,搅拌并滴加AIBN、三乙醇胺的丙二醇溶液,1h滴加完毕,在70℃继续搅拌反应1.5h。
按照通常方法测定,本实施例制得的聚氨酯芳香微胶囊平均尺寸为4.1um,香料包覆率为92%。
另外,按照8:100的质量比,将本实施例制得的聚氨酯芳香微胶囊乳液加入到水中并搅拌20min,使用喷枪将微胶囊乳液喷到织物上使衣物全部润湿,将处理过的织物在100℃预烘干2min,在130℃烘干3min定形。使用微胶囊处理过的织物芳香效果良好,香味可保持1年以上。

Claims (4)

1.一种聚氨酯芳香微胶囊的制备方法,其特征在于,原料及其质量百分比为:聚乙烯醇1-2%、月桂酸0.2-0.3%、氢氧化钾0.1-3%、香精5-15%、多异氰酸酯2-5%、不饱和多元醇0.4-1.3%、自由基引发剂0.004-0.04%、丙二醇0.3-3.6%、三乙醇胺0.1-1.2%,余量为去离子水;所述香精为玫瑰香精油、薰衣草精油、柠檬香精油、茉莉香精油、菊花精油、芦荟精油、薄荷精油、青苹果精油、艾草精油和香茅精油中的一种或者任意两种混合;
制备方法包括如下步骤:
1)将月桂酸、聚乙烯醇加入到80℃去离子水中,以300-500rpm转速搅拌20min-1h,加入氢氧化钾将溶液pH调节至6-7,继续搅拌10-30min制备乳化液;
2)将多异氰酸酯溶解于香精,加入不饱和多元醇并混合均匀,在30-60℃搅拌进行预聚反应30min-3h制备预聚体;
3)将预聚体加入到乳化液中,以1000-2000rpm转速搅拌分散1-2h,在40-70℃温度与600-1000rpm转速下,搅拌并滴加自由基引发剂、三乙醇胺的丙二醇溶液,1-2h后滴加完毕,继续搅拌反应0.5-2h,制得颗粒直径为3-5um的聚氨酯芳香微胶囊。
2.根据权利要求1所述聚氨酯芳香微胶囊的制备方法,其特征在于,多异氰酸酯为TDI、HDI和MDI中的一种或者任意两种混合。
3.根据权利要求2所述聚氨酯芳香微胶囊的制备方法,其特征在于,不饱和多元醇为2-丁烯-1,4-二醇、2-戊烯-1,5-二醇、3-戊烯-1,5-二醇、2-己烯-1,6-二醇、3-己烯-1,6-二醇和4-己烯-1,6-二醇中的一种或者任意两种混合。
4.根据权利要求3所述聚氨酯芳香微胶囊的制备方法,其特征在于,自由基引发剂为AIBN。
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