CN104272942A - Planting mode capable of overcoming successive cropping obstacles of greenhouse by use of commodity hot water - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a planting mode capable of overcoming successive cropping obstacles of a greenhouse by use of commodity hot water. The specific process is as follows: paving a PV corrugated pipe below a plowed layer so as to reduce steep; removing rice hulls (or rice and wheat straws) and performing shallow rotary tillage, stirring and loosening on the plowed layer; 3, irrigate the land with hot water and performing short-period fumigation disinfection in a closed greenhouse; 4, planting waterlettuce ( paddy seedlings), and combining the corrugated pipe to reduce steep and remove salt and residual nutrition; 5, before planting, applying a biogas slurry or a biological bacterial manure. The planting mode is capable of overcoming successive cropping obstacles of vegetables in the greenhouse and can be used for overcoming pathopoiesis factors of the successive cropping obstacles by use of an engineering measure, obviously improving the prevention and control efficiency and benefits and ensuring that high-quality, high-yield and safe agricultural products can be continuously produced in a garden plot.

Description

A kind of cropping pattern utilizing commodity hot water to overcome booth continuous cropping obstacle

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of planting technology pattern of booth fruits and vegetables, particularly a kind of facility cultivation pattern that can overcome the coastal area vegetable of continuous cropping obstacle.

Background technology

In recent years, the technology utilizing booth to produce precocious gourd, fruit and vegetable obtains certain application in certain limit.But the general high investment high production of facility cultivation, production intensity is high, and position and pattern are relatively fixing, easily bring out continuous cropping obstacle.It is bad that long-term continuous cropping will show off-season cultivation vegetable growth, and melon and fruit yields poorly quality time, and this height of Pest management medicine, control efficiency is poor, and product yield, quality and benefits are difficult to be guaranteed.Affecting general booth vegetable by continuous cropping obstacle all wants underproduction 1-2 to become every year, so that booth need be changed crops and can be maintained normal production year after year, otherwise, Severe Reduction is degraded, even loses receipts.The formation mechenism of booth vegetable continuous cropping obstacle, mainly contains five aspects, and one is the infection of soil-borne disease and the accumulation of pathogen; Two is secondary salinizations of soil, and three is the root, stem and leaf juice of vegetables and the homogeneity allelopathy of secretion; Four is the harm such as root-knot nematode; Five is that soil nutrient is unbalance.Tradition control mainly relies on crop rotation, though the most effective, this not only will increase soil melioration and cost of fostering and apply fertilizer, and also brings the burden of erection of equipment and dismounting.Existing research shows, though current booth vegetable overcomes Control of continuous cropping obstacles measure means, how preventive effect is all not satisfactory.Wherein booth vegetable-paddy rice rotation system, unit are field comprehensive benefit is lower, has water condition to limit.Solar energy+stalk fermentation+calcium cyanamide high temperature treatment, the sterilization duration long (vexed canopy needs more than 30 days), recruitment is many, limit by crops for rotation and weather conditions and (need continuous high temperature in midsummer, now coastal rainy difficulty ensures), (calcium cyanamide only limits the use of in Acid soil treatment conditions harshness, the place good with water condition), action effect limited (to native Barren salinity and not obvious from the degraded of poisonous substance matter etc.), medicament (dipping) is separately had to process (to native Barren salinity and not obvious and have injury or native Barren to have medicine residual to native Barren microenvironment from the degraded of poisonous substance matter etc.), boiler dedicated high-temperature vapour is steamed and smoked (boiler dedicated disposable input is larger), (disposable input is larger for the electric treatment of short pulse high voltage, limited use, and have injury to native Barren microenvironment), grafting and root-changing (to continuous cropping obstacle soil Barren without degraded and quality may have deterioration) etc., these methods are not have (to destroy ecotope above, the underproduction degrades) side effect, operate loaded down with trivial details exactly, duration is long, high expensive, act on single, therefore large scale application is not satisfactory.

Summary of the invention

For overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art part, the invention provides a kind of simply, initiatively, environmental protection, volume increase, efficiently appropriateness overcome the cultivation mode of continuous cropping obstacle.

The present invention's " a kind of cropping pattern utilizing commodity hot water to overcome booth continuous cropping obstacle ", its essence is for pathogenic dominant factor, initiatively take hot water fast heating sterilization way, by making full use of the adjustment of the microenvironment factors such as soil temperature and humidity, get rid of accumulation salinity and nutrient more than needed, reduce pest population total amount, restoration facilities cultivating soil feeder capability, and then overcome continuous cropping obstacle, solving the technical scheme that its technical problem adopts is:

Select pollution source far away soil as the green food vegetable place of production, its environmental quality (air, soil and irrigation water) must meet GFDC work out standard.Before building garden, to lay diameter under the topsoil of booth plot more than 10cm is porose and establish PV ripple engineering pipe planning to build, two leads to drain ditch, then uses sufficient base manure, and booth is built in the bedding of whole ground; Early maturing vegetable nursery from October last year early and middle ten days to early and middle ten days in February then, respectively before the Spring Festival or transplant to mid or late March mid-February.Bottom application bio-bacterial manure or natural pond liquid under field planting row, then use sufficient base manure routinely and do furrow, field planting after upper water extraction moisture in the soil, after field planting, attention is poured water, and moisturizing is short early to be sent out, do a good job of it Routine Management during grown in field, the first tenday period of a month in mid or late April to May start listing of gathering, extremely by the end of June clear stubble at the beginning of 7 months; While front stubble is gathered in the crops; by the index such as soil nutrient content, soil-borne disease insect pest radix in the indoor detection canopy of enforcement; confirm that it is continuous cropping obstacle Pathogenic Types; then promptly rural area is cleaned; every mu by ferment bacterium 10 kilograms immediately; mix and stir 200 kilograms, rice husk (rice and wheat straw particle or Rapeseed Shell or wheat bran skin); evenly remove and execute furrow face; dig and turn over or upper water humidification flat cover black mulch film after mini-size tillage machine rotary tillage; in blocking, stain engineering pipe delivery port falls in PV ripple; by fermentation loose soil Barren such as rice husks, expand native Barren hole, create conditions for hot water penetrates downwards fast.Select fair weather after one week, fill with hot water at closed booth and keep 60 DEG C of high temperature more than three hours to flood sterilization.Hot water source is provided and delivered by steam power plant nearby, or takes out dung-cart by greening sprinkling truck or environmental sanitation and purchase to cabinet Deng You boiler unit nearby, or purchases and boiler dedicatedly now burn existing use in field.Notice that booth continues to keep airtight, until next day.Later once there be wet weather, or ponding is more in furrow, take advantage of ponding to take off mulch film water receiving and put water lettuce kind root in a suitable place to breed, as ponding in partially non-irrigated or furrow is less, then at the latest in disinfection with hot water one week rear live commodity paddy rice of moisture creating (salinity is still heavy as detecting also can disseminate commodity corn), naturally water lettuce (live rice seedling) is planted to pull out superfluous nutrition adjustment topsoil soils environment therebetween by connecing rainwater, ooze under utilizing ponding simultaneously, outwards derive moisture through PV ripple engineering pipe and then get rid of salinity and from poisonous substance matter, water lettuce (rice seedlings or maize seedling) parasitism plantation one month; Rear stubble field planting first half of the month draws the cork (PV ripple engineering pipe delivery port blocking) discharges water and falls stain and to feel well field, field planting first three day shovel falls (pulling out) water lettuce (live rice seedling or maize seedling), also can smash also field on the spot as detected water lettuce (rice seedlings or maize seedling) enrichment nutrient heavy metal free or passing vegetable insect disease without soil, in canopy, furrow are done in the dry shallow rotary tillage of Tian Houzai booth harvesting and tillage machine; Field planting can be carried out after booth vegetable previous crops rises stubble process.

Nursery about afterculture vegetable mid-July, notes the kind selecting disease-resistant high-temp resisting high-humidity resisting, mid or late August field planting, seedling age about 30 days.Bottom application bio-bacterial manure under field planting row, then use sufficient base manure routinely and do furrow, pours water and proposes field planting after moisture in the soil, sunshading and temperature reducing is noted and drought resisting of pouring water after field planting, preferentially take a net one film plastic house sun-shading rain-proof, and strengthen disaster prevention and reduction management, early December gathers listing by the end of November.Its effect of this case is by " hot-water sterilization function+Water transffer+rice and wheat straw decomposition with post do water lettuce or paddy rice adjust nutrition+bottom application bacterial manure and repair Rhizosphere Soil Barren environment " procedure treatment, the impact of continuous cropping obstacle rapidly and efficiently can be overcome compared with conventional method, soil environment can be improved again, improve field comprehensive benefit, energy-saving and environmental protecting are controlled, convenient operation.

The cropping pattern that above-mentioned booth vegetable overcomes continuous cropping obstacle should select soil property good with draining, soft fertile but the partially sticky sandy loam that soil layer is not too dark is grown to suitable.Vegetables preferentially select disease-resistant resistance to continuous cropping kind.

Above-mentioned field prepares, and is deep plough in the winter time to freeze upturned soil, requires tilling depth 30 cm, so that soil-ripening; After mid-November, booth is established to plan setting-out by planning to build, bury diameter porose PV ripple engineering pipe more than 10 centimetres underground planning to build to establish in the middle of canopy, spacing that PV ripple engineering pipe punches is 50 centimetres-100 centimetres and looks the soil texture, and clay is suitable close, sandy soil should be rare), eye diameter 0.5 ~ 1 centimetre (clay should large sandy soil should be little), buried depth about 50cm, high waist height two low with 5 with upgrade, pipe two is drawn and is extended drain ditch, and configures blocking; After burying underground, earth backing is ploughed and is raked, and builds booth.In canopy, soil requires to reach carefully whole, leveling, and upper Panasonic is real; Land for growing field crops is based on fertilizer, generally every 667 square metres execute through sterilization high-quality barnyard manure 2000-3000 kilogram (or sterile Chicken dung 1000-2000 kilogram), superphosphate 50 kilograms, potassium sulfate 15-20 kilogram, become thoroughly decomposed 100 kilograms, cake fertilizer, father likes my 50 kilograms or base fertilizer power king 50 kilograms or natural pond liquid 4 tons.Base fertilizer (liking that I or base fertilizer power king mix and stir with bio-bacterial manure father) applies half when doing furrow when ploughing, and executes second half in field planting ditch.The booth furrow face of reserved wide cut about 6 meters, builds film micro drip-irrigation system simultaneously.Porose PV ripple engineering pipe is once buried underground and is repeatedly used and need not remove.

Above-mentioned booth vegetable nursery, the nursery of general employing plastics cave dish Light media, large Small plastic shed multilayer covers, early maturing vegetable nursery from October last year early and middle ten days to early and middle ten days in February then, early sowing look weather well then in (New Year's Day to 2 month at the beginning of) two leaves wholeheartedly field planting around the Spring Festival, early and middle ten days nursery in February is field planting at the beginning of late Febuary to 4 month then; A batch field planting cannot be risen as before early sowing seedling New Year's Day to the Spring Festival, or precognition winter-spring season is too cold, when will have long-term cloudy weather for several days running (snow) Spring Festival, then postpone nursery, or employing two-section seedling, to the Spring Festival, select fine day field planting between F-of Lanterns, field planting leaf age rests in (one section nursery the Spring Festival before plant) two leaves wholeheartedly or (two-section seedling is planted after the Spring Festival) four to five leaves wholeheartedly.Nursery about afterculture vegetable mid-July, more Xia Lianqiu grow seedlings of vegetable one net one film Small plastic shed nursery, the nursery later stage notes ventilation hardening, mid or late August field planting, seedling age about 30 days.

Above-mentioned booth vegetable is survived the winter or after early spring culturing and planting in 5-7 days, be noted Small plastic shed in airtight booth and booth, not ventilation, keep ground temperature more than 18 DEG C, promote slow seedling with this.If meet strong cold current, in booth, Small plastic shed should increase and cover, note anti-disaster caused by a windstorm, snow disaster, freeze injury, make that ground temperature is minimum is not less than 12 DEG C.After slow seedling, should ventilate in time loose wet, in the morning in early stage canopy, the temperature rises starts to leak informaton to when 25 DEG C, closes canopy when dropping to 25 DEG C afternoon, and in daytime canopy, temperature rests in 25-30 DEG C, is not less than 14 DEG C night.After the beginning of spring, temperature gos up, and requires that daytime, maximum temperature was no more than 35 DEG C, is not less than 15 DEG C night; Remove hut at the beginning of by the end of March to 4 month, the first tenday period of a month in May remove internal layer booth.When canopy outside air temperature is stabilized in more than 18 DEG C, retains teleblem, open skirt film, ventilate round the clock.More after Xia Lianqiu culturing and planting in 5-7 days, note improving cooling moisture-retaining with Shading net covering, and sooner or later see that drought is watered soil moisture conservation.Meet the water drainage of also will keeping off the rain of autumn in summer rainstorm weather and fall stain, prevent lodging.Connecing the winter (generally by the end of October at the beginning of 11 months) late fall then wants booth in morning, keeps temperature in canopy on daytime to rest in 25-30 DEG C, is not less than 14 DEG C night.

Above-mentioned booth vegetable is while front stubble is gathered in the crops; by conventional indexs such as soil nutrient contents in the indoor detection canopy of enforcement; confirm that it is continuous cropping obstacle Pathogenic Types; then promptly clean rural area, and every mu by ferment bacterium 10 kilograms, mixes and stirs 200 kilograms, rice husk (rice and wheat straw particle or Rapeseed Shell or wheat bran skin); evenly remove and execute furrow face; dig and turn over or upper water humidification flat cover black mulch film after mini-size tillage machine rotary tillage, in blocking, stain engineering pipe delivery port falls in PV ripple, allows its loose soil Barren that ferments.Select after one week to continue fair weather, fill with hot water at closed booth and keep 60 DEG C of high temperature more than three hours to flood sterilization.Hot water source is provided and delivered by steam power plant nearby, or takes out dung-cart by greening sprinkling truck or environmental sanitation and purchase to cabinet Deng You boiler unit nearby, or purchases and boiler dedicatedly now burn existing use in field.Notice that booth continues to keep airtight, until next day.Once there be wet weather, or ponding is more in furrow, take advantage of ponding to take off mulch film water receiving and put water lettuce kind root in a suitable place to breed, as ponding in partially non-irrigated or furrow is less, then at the latest in disinfection with hot water one week rear live commodity paddy rice of moisture creating (salinity is still heavy as detecting also can disseminate commodity corn), naturally water lettuce (live rice seedling) is planted to pull out superfluous nutrition adjustment topsoil soils environment therebetween, water lettuce (rice seedlings or maize seedling) parasitism plantation one month by connecing rainwater; Rear stubble field planting first half of the month draws the cork (PV ripple engineering pipe delivery port blocking) discharges water and falls stain and to feel well field, field planting first three day shovel falls (pulling out) water lettuce (live rice seedling or maize seedling), also can smash also field on the spot as detected water lettuce (rice seedlings or maize seedling) enrichment nutrient heavy metal free or passing vegetable insect disease without soil, in canopy, furrow are done in the dry shallow rotary tillage of Tian Houzai booth harvesting and tillage machine; Field planting can be carried out after previous crops rises stubble process.

Be affixed by father at field planting row hyposulculus when noting basal dressing after above-mentioned booth vegetable before stubble field planting and like my bio-bacterial manure such as (50 kilograms every mu) or base fertilizer power king (50 kilograms every mu), moisture creating field planting, noticing after field planting that surface adds a cover sunshade net, taking off (covering the net time is after at 10 in the morning at 3 in afternoon) suitable controlled light night by covering day to promote vegetables normal growth.Trickle cooling under stain and film falls in draining of noting keeping off the rain, and early December gathers listing by the end of November.

The present invention is " hot-water sterilization function+Water transffer+rice and wheat straw decomposition with post do water lettuce or paddy rice adjust nutrition+bottom application bacterial manure and repair Rhizosphere Soil Barren environment " procedure treatment owing to adopting, method is easy, initiatively quick, energy-saving and environmental protecting, and from provenance selection, instrument detects and confirms, irrigation and drainage and cultivated whole fertilising, the link such as biological prosthetic controls, comparatively traditional approach, both continuous cropping obstacle impact can obviously have been overcome, again can environmental protect, rehabilitating soil, improve planting benefit, be easy to unified planning and management simultaneously, reduce fertilizing amount and Pesticide use amount, melon dish output is high, cost is low, profitable, produce vegetables and meet non-polluted farm product standard.

embodiment

1, arrangement of time: spring booth vegetable early and middle ten days in October last year is to February, early and middle ten days started nursery then, early sowing look weather well then in (about New Year's Day to 2 months at the beginning of) two leaves wholeheartedly field planting around the Spring Festival, early and middle ten days nursery in February is field planting at the beginning of early March to 4 month then; At the beginning of 3 months or late April start listing of gathering, at the beginning of 7 months, clear stubble rises field by the end of June; Afterculture vegetable nursery mid-July, mid or late August field planting, December, early and middle ten days was gathered listing by the end of November.

2, variety adoption: vegetables select 8424 (early good) watermelon; Tianjin spring No. four cucumber, the kind such as the resistance to continuous cropping of the high yield high-quality strong stress resistance such as capital canopy tomato.

3, Cultural technique:

Select the soil of pollution source far away as the green food vegetable place of production, booth is established to plan setting-out by planning to build, bury diameter porose PV ripple engineering pipe more than 10 centimetres underground planning to build to establish in the middle of canopy, spacing that PV ripple engineering pipe punches is 50 centimetres-100 centimetres and looks the soil texture, clay should be close, sandy soil should be rare), eye diameter 0.5 ~ 1 centimetre (the suitable large sandy soil of clay should be little), buried depth about 50cm, want high waist height two low with 5 with upgrade, pipe two is drawn and is extended drain ditch, and configures blocking; After burying underground, earth backing is ploughed and is raked, and builds booth.Porose PV ripple engineering pipe is once buried underground and is repeatedly used and need not remove.

Spring booth vegetable early and middle ten days in October last year or February, early and middle ten days started nursery then.Nursery of surviving the winter generally adopts the nursery of plastics cave dish Light media, and large Small plastic shed multilayer covers, and weather is (about New Year's Day to 2 months at the beginning of) two leaves wholeheartedly field planting well then around the Spring Festival; There is seedling as cannot field planting before the Spring Festival, or too cold after precognition cultivation, forecast will have long-term cloudy weather for several days running (snow), and cultivation ahead of time also can adopt two-section seedling, namely the nursery of plastics cave dish Light media or Small plastic shed direct sowing and seedling is first taked, two leaves wholeheartedly migrate to polypots again in two booth, then fill Nutrition Soil, implement the Nutrition Soil configuration of second time nursery, fertile loose comprehensive nutrition is selected in requirement, preserve moisture and fertility, without germ worm's ovum and weed seed, does not have the hard object mellow soil such as stone.Nutrition Soil is 3 months before use decomposition reactor systems preferably, mix thoroughly, and its every 1 cubic metre of bed soil adds 0.25 kilogram, urea, superphosphate 1 kilogram, potassium sulfate 0.5 kilogram, or N P and K Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 1.5 kilograms, and humidity configuration requirement is to holding agglomerating namely loose degree of landing.Field planting had the Nutrition Soil plastic convenient bag of vegetable seedling to be arranged in heating wire to heat alms bowl bed, seedling growth greenhouse takes five layers, four canopy covering (two booth add middle canopy add hut add non-woven fabrics), and field planting leaf age rests in five to six leaves wholeheartedly; As early and middle ten days nursery in February then field planting at the beginning of early March to 4 month.

Field planting the last week, build two booth, the outer 625 type standard steelframe booths that adopt sit north south by east 5-10 ° of construction, plough wholely to do furrow in canopy, and in canopy, soil requires to reach carefully whole, leveling, and upper Panasonic in fact; Base manure is based on fertilizer, generally every 667 square metres execute through sterilization high-quality barnyard manure 2000-3000 kilogram (or sterile Chicken dung 1000-2000 kilogram), superphosphate 50 kilograms, potassium sulfate 15-20 kilogram, become thoroughly decomposed 100 kilograms, cake fertilizer, father likes my 50 kilograms or base fertilizer power king 50 kilograms or natural pond liquid 4 tons.Applying half when doing furrow when ploughing, in field planting ditch, executing second half.The booth furrow face of reserved wide cut about 6 meters, builds film micro drip-irrigation system simultaneously.The booth furrow face of reserved wide cut about 6 meters, the unregistered land film all standing of furrow face, every 667 square metres select 96% gold medal all your 40-50 milliliter furrow face is sprayed to 40 kilograms, water, management of weeds; Additionally arrange droping irrigating pipe under film, water vola water, seal field planting hole after field planting, and build Small plastic shed in furrow face, close canopy and heat, short promotion delays seedling.

After field planting, one is notice that temperature regulates: after field planting in 5-7 days, ground temperature will remain on more than 18 DEG C, promotes slow seedling with this.If day temperature is higher than 35 DEG C, then should manage shading cooling.If meet strong cold current, in booth, Small plastic shed should increase and cover, note anti-disaster caused by a windstorm, snow disaster, freeze injury, make that ground temperature is minimum is not less than 12 DEG C.After slow seedling, should ventilate in time loose wet, in the morning in early stage canopy, the temperature rises starts to leak informaton to when 25 DEG C, closes canopy when dropping to 25 DEG C afternoon, and in daytime canopy, temperature rests in 25-30 DEG C, is not less than 14 DEG C night.Two is training in time and plant type adjustment: as watermelon employing Creeping-culture, generally adopt two climing training, the main climing center to canopy extends, and stays a lateral bine to extend to the direction on canopy limit, and result on master is climing, lateral bine only makes aid nutrition branch.Built culturing vegetable adopts every strain to plug in a pole, guides pole into by climing for stem, ties up after first ties up bar, makes dish climing upwards drawing in little Curved climingly tie up climing, and makes each climing bending direction consistent.Three is rich water quality managements: early stage will control rich water, prevents plant excessive growth.Bloom after setting, every 667 square metres of each drip irrigations are rushed fertilising 5 kilograms, urea or spend the best buy highly-water-soluble fertilizer 2-3 kilogram such as intact, or newly carry forward the special commodity composite fertilizer (18-9-18) 5 kilograms of drip irrigation.According in after growing state, spray 2 times ~ 3 times high-efficiency foliage fertilizers, growth promoting effects.Four is artificial supplementary pollinations: according to the flowering habit of booth vegetable, should pollinate when 8-10 in the morning, and cloudy male flower loose powder is late, can suitably delay.Five is diseases and pests controlling: anthracnose, blight dis-ease can with 75% tpn wetting powder 600 times of liquid or 40% Du Pont---the spraying such as lucky star missible oil 8000 times of liquid control, cloud point is thin, even, and blade face, blade back spray are thoroughly.Also 15% procymidone fumicants 250-300 gram/667 square metres can be selected in closing canopy stifling (note can not using in hut, otherwise easily produce poisoning) at dusk.Or when clearing up after the rain, spray the pre-disease prevention generation of medicine in time.The virus disease spraying controls such as 20% viral A wetting powder, 500 times of liquid.Aphid can with selecting 70% valuable water-dispersible granules (Imidacloprid), 5000 times of+0.5% worm mite Garrick (Avermectin), 1000 times of liquid, and even spraying is prevented and treated, and also can use Mobucin fumicants 250 grams/667 square metres fumigation controls.Every 667 square metres can be produced vegetables 3000 kilograms ~ 4000 kilograms, and mu equals income more than 8000 yuan.

While front stubble is gathered in the crops; by conventional indexs such as soil nutrient contents in the indoor detection canopy of enforcement; confirm that it is continuous cropping obstacle Pathogenic Types; then promptly clean rural area, and every mu by ferment bacterium 10 kilograms, mixes and stirs 200 kilograms, rice husk (rice and wheat straw particle or Rapeseed Shell or wheat bran skin); evenly remove and execute furrow face; dig and turn over or upper water humidification flat cover black mulch film after mini-size tillage machine rotary tillage, in blocking, stain engineering pipe delivery port falls in PV ripple, allows its loose soil Barren that ferments.Select after one week to continue fair weather, fill with hot water at closed booth and keep 60 DEG C of high temperature more than three hours to flood sterilization.Hot water source is provided and delivered by steam power plant nearby, or takes out dung-cart by greening sprinkling truck or environmental sanitation and purchase to cabinet Deng You boiler unit nearby, or purchases and boiler dedicatedly now burn existing use in field.Notice that booth continues to keep airtight, until next day.Once there be wet weather, or ponding is more in furrow, take advantage of ponding to take off mulch film water receiving and put water lettuce kind root in a suitable place to breed, as ponding in partially non-irrigated or furrow is less, then at the latest in disinfection with hot water one week rear live commodity paddy rice of moisture creating (salinity is still heavy as detecting also can disseminate commodity corn), naturally water lettuce (live rice seedling) is planted to pull out superfluous nutrition adjustment topsoil soils environment therebetween, water lettuce (rice seedlings or maize seedling) parasitism plantation one month by connecing rainwater; Rear stubble field planting first half of the month draws the cork (PV ripple engineering pipe delivery port blocking) discharges water and falls stain and to feel well field, field planting first three day shovel falls (pulling out) water lettuce (live rice seedling or maize seedling), also can smash also field on the spot as detected water lettuce (rice seedlings or maize seedling) enrichment nutrient heavy metal free or passing vegetable insect disease without soil, in canopy, furrow are done in the dry shallow rotary tillage of Tian Houzai booth harvesting and tillage machine; Field planting can be carried out after previous crops rises stubble process.

Afterculture vegetable can plant the aquatic vegetables such as late water wild rice stem by prioritizing selection, vegetables such as volt garlic sprouts or chive etc., the conventional vegetable such as solanaceous vegetables, can in nursery mid-July, mid or late August field planting, be affixed by father at field planting row hyposulculus when noting basal dressing before rear stubble field planting and like my bio-bacterial manure such as (50 kilograms every mu) or base fertilizer power king (50 kilograms every mu), moisture creating field planting, noticing after field planting that surface adds a cover sunshade net, taking off (covering the net time is after at 10 in the morning at 3 in afternoon) suitable controlled light night by covering day to promote vegetables normal growth.Trickle cooling under stain and film falls in draining of noting keeping off the rain, and December, early and middle ten days was gathered listing by the end of November.Per mu yield is at 2500-3000 kilogram, and mu equals income about 4000 yuan.

This pattern governance process is about 40 days (wherein Quick disinfection is about 10 days), mu cost about 700 yuan, preventive effect reaches about 90%, more traditional solar energy+vexed canopies of stalk fermentation high temperature etc. are administered continuous cropping obstacle traditional mode and are compared, method simple and fast is easy to operate, successful, and joint work is economized this environmental protection and had no side effect, product keeps high-quality, and mu benefit improves 1500 to 2000 yuan.

Claims (7)

1. the cropping pattern utilizing commodity hot water to overcome booth continuous cropping obstacle.It is characterized in that: select pollution source far away soil as the green food vegetable place of production, its environmental quality (air, soil and irrigation water) must meet GFDC work out standard.Before building garden, to lay diameter under the topsoil of booth plot more than 10cm is porose and establish PV ripple engineering pipe planning to build, two leads to drain ditch, then uses sufficient base manure, and booth is built in the bedding of whole ground; Early maturing vegetable nursery from October last year early and middle ten days to early and middle ten days in February then, respectively before the Spring Festival or transplant to mid or late March mid-February.Bottom application bio-bacterial manure or natural pond liquid under field planting row, then use sufficient base manure routinely and do furrow, field planting after upper water extraction moisture in the soil, after field planting, attention is poured water, and moisturizing is short early to be sent out, do a good job of it Routine Management during grown in field, the first tenday period of a month in mid or late April to May start listing of gathering, extremely by the end of June clear stubble at the beginning of 7 months; While front stubble is gathered in the crops; by the index such as soil nutrient content, soil-borne disease insect pest radix in the indoor detection canopy of enforcement; confirm that it is continuous cropping obstacle Pathogenic Types; then promptly rural area is cleaned; every mu by ferment bacterium 10 kilograms immediately; mix and stir 200 kilograms, rice husk (rice and wheat straw particle or Rapeseed Shell or wheat bran skin); evenly remove and execute furrow face; dig and turn over or upper water humidification flat cover black mulch film after mini-size tillage machine rotary tillage; in blocking, stain engineering pipe delivery port falls in PV ripple; by fermentation loose soil Barren such as rice husks, expand native Barren hole, create conditions for hot water penetrates downwards fast.Select fair weather after one week, fill with hot water at closed booth and keep 60 DEG C of high temperature more than three hours to flood sterilization.Hot water source is provided and delivered by steam power plant nearby, or takes out dung-cart by greening sprinkling truck or environmental sanitation and purchase to cabinet Deng You boiler unit nearby, or purchases and boiler dedicatedly now burn existing use in field.Notice that booth continues to keep airtight, until next day.Later once there be wet weather, or ponding is more in furrow, take advantage of ponding to take off mulch film water receiving and put water lettuce kind root in a suitable place to breed, as ponding in partially non-irrigated or furrow is less, then at the latest in disinfection with hot water one week rear live commodity paddy rice of moisture creating (salinity is still heavy as detecting also can disseminate commodity corn), naturally water lettuce (live rice seedling) is planted to pull out superfluous nutrition adjustment topsoil soils environment therebetween by connecing rainwater, ooze under utilizing ponding simultaneously, outwards derive moisture through PV ripple engineering pipe and then get rid of salinity and from poisonous substance matter, water lettuce (rice seedlings or maize seedling) parasitism plantation one month; Rear stubble field planting first half of the month draws the cork (PV ripple engineering pipe delivery port blocking) discharges water and falls stain and to feel well field, field planting first three day shovel falls (pulling out) water lettuce (live rice seedling or maize seedling), also can smash also field on the spot as detected water lettuce (rice seedlings or maize seedling) enrichment nutrient heavy metal free or passing vegetable insect disease without soil, in canopy, furrow are done in the dry shallow rotary tillage of Tian Houzai booth harvesting and tillage machine; Field planting can be carried out after booth vegetable previous crops rises stubble process.

Nursery about afterculture vegetable mid-July, notes the kind selecting disease-resistant high-temp resisting high-humidity resisting, mid or late August field planting, seedling age about 30 days.Bottom application bio-bacterial manure under field planting row, then use sufficient base manure routinely and do furrow, pours water and proposes field planting after moisture in the soil, sunshading and temperature reducing is noted and drought resisting of pouring water after field planting, preferentially take a net one film plastic house sun-shading rain-proof, and strengthen disaster prevention and reduction management, early December gathers listing by the end of November.

2. a kind of cropping pattern utilizing commodity hot water to overcome booth continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: select pollution source far away soil as the green food vegetable place of production, its environmental quality (air, soil and irrigation water) must meet GFDC work out standard, line trace of going forward side by side is monitored, ploughed before winter and sun the earth which has been ploughed up, vegetable soil, before building garden, bury diameter porose PV ripple engineering pipe more than 10 centimetres underground planning to build to establish in the middle of canopy, spacing that PV ripple engineering pipe punches is 50 centimetres-100 centimetres and looks the soil texture, clay should be close, sandy soil should be rare), eye diameter 0.5 ~ 1 centimetre (the suitable large sandy soil of clay should be little), buried depth about 50cm, want high waist height two low with 5 ° with upgrade, pipe two is drawn and is extended drain ditch, and configure blocking, notice that as blocking, available water pump is from a flushing of pouring water to the debugging of every bar porose PV ripple engineering pipe.Ripple engineering pipe bury underground after earth backing plough and rake, build booth.In canopy, soil requires to reach carefully whole, leveling, and upper Panasonic is real; Land for growing field crops is based on fertilizer, generally every 667 square metres execute through sterilization high-quality barnyard manure 2000-3000 kilogram (or sterile Chicken dung 1000-2000 kilogram), superphosphate 50 kilograms, potassium sulfate 15-20 kilogram, become thoroughly decomposed 100 kilograms, cake fertilizer, father likes my 50 kilograms or base fertilizer power king 50 kilograms or natural pond liquid 4 tons.Fertilizer in base fertilizer applies half when doing furrow when ploughing, and executes second half (liking that I or base fertilizer power king mix and stir with bio-bacterial manure father) in field planting ditch.The booth furrow face of reserved wide cut about 6 meters, builds film micro drip-irrigation system simultaneously.Porose PV ripple engineering pipe is once buried underground and is repeatedly used and need not remove.

3. a kind of cropping pattern utilizing commodity hot water to overcome booth continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: soil nutrient content in the indoor detection canopy of enforcement, the indexs such as soil-borne disease insect pest radix, confirm that it is continuous cropping obstacle Pathogenic Types, after confirming its continuous cropping obstacle Pathogenic Types, front Cha Yiqing garden, namely at canopy inner face, every mu is mixed and stirred 200 kilograms, rice husk (rice and wheat straw particle or Rapeseed Shell or wheat bran skin) by ferment bacterium 10 kilograms, evenly remove and execute furrow face, to turn over or mini-size tillage machine rotary tillage to be organized into after furrow water moisture creating on flat cover black mulch film by digging, and block PV ripple and fall the moisturizing of stain engineering pipe delivery port, allow its proper fermentation loose soil Barren.

4. a kind of cropping pattern utilizing commodity hot water to overcome booth continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: entrust the specialized company with fire-fighting qualification; Or oneself commodities purchased or from preparing high-temp (about 90 DEG C) hot water, in airtight booth, implement Hot water immersion sterilization.Specific practice is the clear stubble of previous crops clean rural area afterwards, keep canopy film, in blocking, stain engineering pipe delivery port falls in PV ripple, first earth bank is done along canopy pin in closed booth, earth bank bottom width 20 ~ 30 centimetres, high 10 ~ 15 centimetres, weir covers old plastic sheeting for farm use and prevent excessive hot water from causing scald, furrow keep plain cushion mulch film in weir, mulch film is by 40 × 40 punching holes.Dipping sterilization hot water source provided and delivered by steam power plant special-purpose vehicle nearby, or have boiler to heat up water unit buying by greening sprinkling truck etc. to cabinet etc. nearby, or purchase and boiler dedicatedly now burn existing using.High temperature and drought fair weather is being selected by the end of June at the beginning of 7 months, open booth, when the hot water of buying is transported to by the special aqueduct of fire-fighting in canopy in cofferdam in small sections of a vegetable plot, requirement checks that personnel wear firefighter uniform (pedal fire-fighting Special fire-fighting boots, hand wears fire-fighting special gloves), after hydraulic pipeline cloth is good, start water delivery water pump, every mu of clean booth pours water 10 tons, general point four to double teacher water delivery, namely switch on the pump after water delivery about 2 tons and make a short pause, allow its very long dipping, switch on the pump water delivery about 2 tons when temperature drops back again, irrigation period continues 1 hour, notice that booth continues to keep airtight and must not leak gas with by solar heating, guarantee that dipping sterilization topsoil soils keeps more than 60 DEG C high temperature at least three hours, after hauling out water-supply-pipe, booth still adheres to airtightly utilizing thermal radiation Carry-over effect, last at least until sunrise next day can take off canopy.

5. a kind of cropping pattern utilizing commodity hot water to overcome booth continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: Hot water immersion process is its effect of soil sampling investigation test after one week, still weigh as saline and alkaline, after meeting overcast and rainy cooling, then can select live commodity corn; As Nitrogen-and Phosphorus-containing is higher, take advantage of rain and take off mulch film water receiving and put water lettuce kind root in a suitable place to breed; As still meta-acid then direct-sowing dry commodity paddy rice, and calcium cyanamide can be affixed by.Connect the sky and water (rainwater) naturally cultivate water lettuce (live rice seedling or maize seedling) whenever the rainy day then takes off teleblem (canopy of the heavens), each parasitism plantation such as water lettuce kind root one month; Rear stubble field planting first half of the month draws the cork (PV ripple engineering pipe delivery port blocking) discharges water and falls stain and to feel well field, field planting first three day shovel falls (pulling out) water lettuce (live rice seedling), also can smash also field on the spot as detected water lettuce (rice seedlings or maize seedling) enrichment nutrient heavy metal free or passing vegetable insect disease without soil, furrow are done in the dry shallow rotary tillage of Tian Houzai booth harvesting and tillage machine; Field planting can be carried out after booth vegetable rises stubble process.

6. a kind of cropping pattern utilizing commodity hot water to overcome booth continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the spring shifts to an earlier date or the autumn delays (more Xia Lianqiu) cultivation, during field planting, bottom application bio-bacterial manure or natural pond liquid under field planting row, specifically like my bio-bacterial manure such as (50 kilograms every mu) or base fertilizer power king (50 kilograms every mu) being affixed by father at field planting row hyposulculus, or natural pond liquid 4 ~ 6 tons, use sufficient base manure more routinely and do furrow, pour water and propose field planting after moisture in the soil, drought resisting of noting after field planting pouring water keeps topsoil moistening.

7. a kind of cropping pattern utilizing commodity hot water to overcome booth continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: supporting Adverse Resistance Cultivation, namely the spring selects the kind of the disease-resistant low temperature resistant low light tolerance of high yield and high quality ahead of time, autumn is delayed (more Xia Lianqiu), and the kind selecting the disease-resistant high-temp resisting high-humidity resisting of high yield and high quality is noted in cultivation, adopts factorial seedling growth; Micro drip-irrigation and fertilization compositions based on earth measurement under supporting film, appropriate rational close planting; Note the loose wet temperature adjustment of rational ventilation, and take the vexed canopy of high temperature, gap, Winter-Spring is taken off film cooling and is controlled damage by disease and insect in canopy.Timely clean clean rural area after results, and inferior for preceding vegetable vegetables straw rubbish is scanned out in the field outside or soil is embedded in the discarded ditch pool, or process unified in garbage reclamation station of harvesting and storing, or separately look for and incinerating on the spot out-of-the-wayly.Notice that thrifty careful and selectivity uses high sterilization agricultural chemicals, weed killer herbicide to prevent and treat disease pest and weed, note thrifty careful and the sterilization of selectivity use high-temperature vapour, short pulse high voltage electric treatment sterilization and the sterilization of high cytotoxic drug soil impregnation process, keep friends with plastic shed soil soil environment.