CN104255292A

CN104255292A - Method for growing straw mushrooms by means of corncob fermentation materials

Info

Publication number: CN104255292A
Application number: CN201410438752.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴晖
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-09-01
Filing date: 2014-09-01
Publication date: 2015-01-07

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for growing straw mushrooms by means of corncob fermentation materials. The compost for the straw mushrooms comprises, by weight, 60%-70% of corncobs, 10%-20% of bran, 2%-10% of bagasse, 2%-10% of rice bran, 1% of gypsum, 1% of lime, 1% of phosphatic fertilizer and 0.1% of carbendazim. According to the method for growing the straw mushrooms by means of the corncob fermentation materials, the corncobs serve as the main raw material of the compost, a proper number of nutrient substances are added, and the growing method which is scientific, reasonable and easy to promote is provided according to the growth characteristics of the straw mushrooms. The method for growing the straw mushrooms has the advantages that the technology is simple, investment is low, and the effect can be achieved rapidly. The method comprises the steps of preparation of the compost, composting and fermenting, bagging and sowing, shed building and fungus planting, and fruiting and managing.

Description

A kind of method utilizing corncob fermentation material cultivating straw mushroom

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of fungus growing technique field, be specifically related to a kind of method utilizing corncob fermentation material cultivating straw mushroom.

Background technology

Corn is Chinese first cereal crops, and in Jilin, there is plantation on Zhejiang, Fujian, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shandong, Henan, Hebei, the ground such as Anhui, and its accessory substance corncob is all burnt mostly.Straw mushroom originates from the Nanhua Temple in Shaoguan, Guangdong, 300 Nian Qian China start artificial cultivation, be about in this century and import countries in the world into by overseas Chinese the thirties, it is a kind of important tropical and subtropical zone mushroom class, it is the third-largest culturing edible fungus in the world, China's straw mushroom output occupies first of the world, is mainly distributed in South China.Straw mushroom is nutritious, delicious flavour.The fresh mushroom of every 100g is containing 207.7mg vitamin C, and 2.6g sugar, 2.68g crude protein, 2.24g is fatty, 0.91g ash content.Straw mushroom protein containing 18 seed amino acids, wherein essential amino acid account for 40.47 ?44.47%.In addition, also containing multiple mineral elements such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium.Very extensive eating of China.If corncob cultivation straw mushroom can be utilized, not only can turn waste into wealth, Appropriate application crop genetic resource, and peasant's time in winter slack can be made full use of, promote a diversified economy, increase income.Corncob fermentation material cultivating straw mushroom, technology is simple, invests low, instant effect; The fruiting time, market conditions were good, and better results generally in winter-spring season, were well suited at vast rural area Popularization And Development.

Summary of the invention

Object of the present invention be just to provide a kind of technology simple, invest the method utilizing corncob fermentation material cultivating straw mushroom that is low, instant effect.

1), the preparation of composts or fertilisers of cultivating, prepare corncob 60 ?70%, wheat bran 10 ?20%, bagasse 2% ?10%, rice bran 2% ?10%, gypsum, lime, phosphate fertilizer each 1%, carbendazim 0.1%.Corncob cracker is pulverized, first that lime, phosphate fertilizer, carbendazim is soluble in water during spice, then stir, finally add other auxiliary materials.

2), composting, fermentation: Compost is become wide 1.1 ?1.3m, high 1.1 ?1.3m, the stockpile that length is not limit, stockpile to loosen as far as possible concentrate.Heap is finished rear wooden stick and is got through pore with going directly bottom even from heap top, pitch-row 20 ?25cm, last upper cover plastic sheeting for farm use is incubated.Start turning when temperature reaches 55 DEG C in expecting, turned over once every 3 days later, turn over 3 times altogether.Loose heap cooling before sowing after fermentation ends, and adjust acid-base value 7 ?8 with pulverized limestone.

3), pack sowing: select Polythene Bag.Get out porous plug before sowing, first a porous plug pricked in one end of bag before pack, be sown into fast shape bacterial classification, require that charging limit, limit compresses, reach outer tight in pine, when charging is expired soon, be sown into bacterial classification front cover, finally the porous plug beyond the Great Wall in centre, fastens sack.

4), put up a shed into bacterium: select gobo to be scaffolding material, every 2 meters wide are left a ventilating opening.First sprinkle lime on ground before bacterium bag enters canopy, and sterilize with sulfur fumigation, after bacterium is put into, tight attention heap temperature changes, if temperature is more than 28 DEG C, the heap that fall apart in time is aeration-cooling.General 8 ?within 10 days, turn over and once pile, make to send out bacterium evenly neat.In whole bacteria process, sooner or later want ventilation 1.5 hours.

5), management of producing mushroom: mycelia purseful about 1 week, there is the yellow globule in sack, be fruiting tendency, when after several batches of mushrooms of gathering, material in moisture loss and nutrient consumption serious time, want timely moisturizing, method is that charge level is peelled off 3cm, with bamboo let or reinforcing bar prick 4 ?5 apertures, put into water or nutrient solution (0.3 ?0.4% urea, 0.5 ?1% sucrose, 0.3%-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate), soak 12 ?16 hours, make moisture be increased to original weight 80 ?about 90%, bacteria fruiting again.

Step 1) in maize cob meal is broken to 8 ?10mm size.

Step 3) in its strain sowing amount be siccative heavy 10%-15%.

Embodiment

The technical solution used in the present invention comprises following steps:

1, culture material formula: corncob 70%, wheat bran 10%, bagasse 10%, rice bran 6.9%, gypsum, lime, phosphate fertilizer each 1%, carbendazim 0.1%.Maize cob meal is broken to 8mm size, first that lime, phosphate fertilizer, carbendazim is soluble in water during spice, then stir, finally add other auxiliary materials.

2, fermentation reactor system: Compost is become wide 1.1m, high 1.2m, the stockpile that length is not limit, stockpile will loosen as far as possible concentrate.Heap is finished rear wooden stick and is got through pore, pitch-row 20cm from the through bottom even in heap top, last upper cover plastic sheeting for farm use insulation.When in expecting, temperature reaches 55 DEG C, first time turning, turned over once every 3 days later, turns over 3 times altogether.Loose heap cooling before sowing after fermentation ends, and adjust acid-base value 7.5 with pulverized limestone.

3, pack sowing.Cultivation bag selects Polythene Bag.To porous plug be got out before sowing, first a porous plug be pricked in one end of bag before pack, be sown into fast shape bacterial classification, require that charging limit, limit compresses, reach outer tight in pine, when charging is expired soon, be sown into bacterial classification front cover, finally the porous plug beyond the Great Wall in centre, fastens sack.Porous plug will be withstood bacterial classification by attention, makes it fully contact with composts or fertilisers of cultivating, in order to bacterial classification definite value.Seeding quantity be siccative heavy 15%.

4, bacteria management: bacteria canopy requires shading, drying, ventilation.Lime to be sprinkled on ground before entering canopy, and sterilize with sulfur fumigation.After bacterium bag is put into, the change of tight attention heap temperature, if temperature is more than 28 DEG C, the heap that fall apart in time is aeration-cooling.Within 8 days, turn over and once pile, make to send out bacterium evenly neat.In whole bacteria process, sooner or later want ventilation 1.5 hours.

5, management of producing mushroom.Mycelia purseful about 1 week, there is the yellow globule in sack, is fruiting tendency, at this moment will increase illumination, widen the temperature difference, stronger ventilation, its fruiting short.After sack has mushroom flower bud to occur, bag to be separated in time, sack turnup is exposed mushroom flower bud.And simultaneously surrounding work of water sprinkling for better material moisture earthward, space relative humidity brings up to 90%.Notice that mushroom flower bud diameter is when below 2cm, not directly to upper water spray, otherwise cause the atrophy of mushroom flower bud dead.Before mushroom lid fully launches or is about to expansion, color is by deeply shoaling gradually, and recessed portion white hair starts to occur, spore not yet radiates can gather.When after several batches of mushrooms of gathering, material in moisture loss and nutrient consumption serious time, want timely moisturizing, method is that charge level is peelled off 3cm, with bamboo let or reinforcing bar prick 4 ?5 apertures, put into water or nutrient solution (0.3 ?0.4% urea, 0.5 ?1% sucrose, 0.3%-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate), soak 12 ?16 hours, moisture is made to be increased to about 85% of original weight, again bacteria fruiting.

The present invention, using corncob as the primary raw material of composts or fertilisers of cultivating, is equipped with appropriate nutriment, according to the growth characteristics of flat mushroom, provides scientific and reasonable, to be easy to popularization cultivation method.The straw mushroom cultivated by the method is possessed skills simply, invest advantage that is low, instant effect.

Claims

1. one kind utilizes the method for corncob fermentation material cultivating straw mushroom, it is characterized in that its composts or fertilisers of cultivating is made up of following percentage by weight: corncob 60 ?70%, wheat bran 10 ?20%, bagasse 2% ?10%, rice bran 2% ?10%, gypsum, lime, phosphate fertilizer each 1%, carbendazim 0.1%.

2. utilize a method for corncob fermentation material cultivating straw mushroom, it comprises following steps:

3. a kind of method utilizing corncob fermentation material cultivating straw mushroom as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that step 1) in maize cob meal is broken to 8 ?10mm size.

4. a kind of method utilizing corncob fermentation material cultivating straw mushroom as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that step 3) in its strain sowing amount be siccative heavy 10%-15%.