CN104255258A - Spring bolting-resistant white radish side branch cutting seed multiplication method - Google Patents
Spring bolting-resistant white radish side branch cutting seed multiplication method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104255258A CN104255258A CN201410504696.1A CN201410504696A CN104255258A CN 104255258 A CN104255258 A CN 104255258A CN 201410504696 A CN201410504696 A CN 201410504696A CN 104255258 A CN104255258 A CN 104255258A
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- side shoot
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- cuttage
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a spring bolting-resistant white radish side branch cutting seed multiplication method. The method includes the steps: firstly, selecting a primary side branch with 3-6 leaves as a cutting side branch and cutting the side branch from a base by a blade after selecting the side branch; rapidly and shallowly dipping the side branch in rooting agents and then performing cuttage after a cut of the cut side branch naturally heals; performing cutting rooting domestication survival by taking decayed straws, rice husks, vermiculite and decayed cow dung as seedbed matrixes and by regulating temperature, humidity and illumination; taking out and transplanting the side branch when new leaves grow and root development is fine, directly starting reproductive growth after the side branch survives, and harvesting white radishes after seed maturation. Plants cultivated by the method are stable in heritability, robust and high in yield transplanting survival rate, and root systems are developed. By the side branch cutting method, the problem of germplasm loss caused by stock tree rot in the radish seed reserving process is solved, the trouble of performing seed multiplication again in a next year is omitted, and time and expenditure are saved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to radish breeding technique field, be specifically related to the one ternip of resistance to bolting lateral branch cutting breeding method in spring.
Background technology
Radish is the important vegetable crop of China, and cultivated area, at about 1,200,000 hectares, occupies the front three of various growing vegetables area, is only second to Chinese cabbage and potato.Along with development and the growth in the living standard of agricultural production, more eurypalynous radish varieties is needed to meet the demand of radish anniversary stable market supply and the demand of different taste.On the basis keeping traditional autumn sowing cultivation, develop actively spring sowing radish produces, and improve its anniversary stable market supply level, oneself becomes the developing direction of current radish cultivation.The production of foreign exchange earning radish is the large characteristic on China radish produces, and current radish export processing amount increases gradually, and the ternip of resistance to bolting is one of main radish varieties of export processing.
Spring, the ternip of resistance to bolting belonged to white skin plain boiled pork series radish, was the one that in radish varieties, moisture is the highest, and because this characteristic of resistance to bolting causes the time of nourishing and growing long.During these features make its reproductive growth, fleshy root easily by insect pest, grew the factors such as Sheng and affect and make fleshy root occur wound, cause infection process.After fleshy root is rotted by infection process, can cause seed-setting rate extremely low or total crop failure, if do not taken effective measures, will the normal harvest of seed be affected, even cause the loss of some radish germ plasm resources.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of the invention is to set up the one ternip of resistance to bolting lateral branch cutting breeding method in spring, solve the breeding material loss problem that the disease that happens suddenly in resistance to bolting radish reproductive process spring causes.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the one ternip of resistance to bolting lateral branch cutting breeding method in spring, is characterized in that,
(1) the choosing of cuttage side shoot
Spring, the ternip of resistance to bolting entered the peduncle-growing period for rapeseed of reproductive stage after 10 days, chose 1 grade of side shoot as cuttage side shoot; The thick 0.5-1cm of preferred length 20-30cm, stem, healthy and strong anosis, there is the side shoot of 3-6 sheet leaf as cuttage side shoot;
(2) cuttage side shoot otch
After side shoot is chosen, it cut gently from base portion with sharp blade, otch should be level and smooth, is beneficial to wound healing, and shear-face angle is 25-35 degree; The time of cutting side shoot before morning 10:00, after afternoon 15:00 or the cloudy day carry out;
(3) cuttage branch process
The side shoot cut is placed to wound normal healing (1 hours) in shady and cool lee side; With the root-growing agent methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) of 1000mg/l fast the shallow side shoot base portion that dips in carry out cuttage again;
(4) cuttage root-taking domestication survives
Medium of seedling bed is: count by volume, the stalk become thoroughly decomposed: rice husk: vermiculite: cow dung=4:2.8 ~ 3.2:2.8 ~ 3.2:0.8 ~ 1.2 of becoming thoroughly decomposed;
Temperature: initial stage seedbed temperature keeps 25-28 DEG C daytime, night 15-17 DEG C, ground temperature keep 18-20 DEG C; After 10 days, seedbed temperature keeps 20-25 DEG C daytime, night 15-17 DEG C, ground temperature still keeps 18-20 DEG C;
Humidity: the initial stage, ambient humidity was more than 85%; After 10 days, ambient humidity remains on 60-70%;
Illumination: lateral branch cutting survives demands low-light condition to taking root, shading can use sunshade net, and general shading rate is advisable with 60%-70%; Reduce sunshade gradually after taking root, after 7 days, accept normal illumination;
(5) transplanting, breeding
When young leaves grows, when root system development is good, just transplanting can be taken out; Plantation line-spacing 40-50cm, spacing in the rows 30-40cm, planting depth 4-6cm are good with the earth culture of semi-wet; Side shoot survives and directly enters reproductive growth afterwards, gathers in the crops after seed maturity.
Further, within 3-5 days, carry out drought stress before side shoot sampling, soil moisture remains on about 20% of maxmun field capacity, with outer leaf withering at noon, sooner or later reverts to suitable.
The described stalk become thoroughly decomposed can be the stalk after the crops such as wheat, paddy rice, corn, rape are become thoroughly decomposed.
Radish plant is through excess temperature, after the photoperiod, and by terminal bud pumping scape, high about 1m, is called major branch, between major branch axil, side shoot occurs.On master branch, all directly life is spent.Hua Xiankai on major branch, every opening gradually from bottom to top.Be 0 grade of branch seed with main shaft terminal inflorescence seed, stem inflorescence seed and primary branch top seed are 1 grade of branch seed, and Secondary branches top seed is 2 grades, successively can to 3 grades of branch seeds, and base portion newly sends out a seed as 4 grades of branch seeds.Existing test compares test with regard to radish different stage branch seed, and result shows that 1 grade of branch seed harvest amount is maximum, is 45% (Jiang Yan, radish Branches of Different Orders seed quality compares, seed, 2001.02) of seed harvest total amount.Therefore, the present invention selects radish 1 grade of side shoot to carry out cuttage root-taking under the prerequisite of cultivating maternal plant.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
1, the present invention adopts the method for cuttage side shoot, solves radish and to reserve seed for planting in process because kind of strain is rotted the problem that causes kind of matter to be lost, eliminates the trouble of Second Year breeding again, has saved the time, saved spending.
2, the gas porosity of the present invention's matrix used and nutrient meet the needs that radish side shoot is taken root, and improve the survival rate of taking root.Matrix cost used is low, economic and practical.
3, the plant heritability adopting the inventive method to cultivate is stable, root system is more flourishing, and plant is more healthy and stronger, and field-transplanting survival rate is higher.
4, the present invention is simple to operate, easy to learn, and material therefor and reagent cheaply, are applicable to all breeding persons and use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is different length side shoot classification cuttage root-taking figure, as can be seen from Figure 1: namely the side shoot of different growing stage all can survive after cuttage;
Fig. 2 is the figure that bears pods after the ternip of resistance to bolting side shoot in spring flower bud phase cuttage root-taking, as can be seen from Figure 2: cuttage side shoot can survive smoothly and obtain seed.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the ternip of resistance to bolting lateral branch cutting breeding method in spring of the present invention is described in detail; can be easier to make advantages and features of the invention be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, thus more explicit defining is made to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) cultivate maternal plant, Fertilization Level routinely.
(2) selection of radish cuttage branch:
Radish branch ability is strong, is conducive to selecting of cuttage branch.Spring, the ternip of resistance to bolting to enter after the peduncle-growing period for rapeseed of reproductive stage 15 days, chose length and reached 20-30cm, the thick 0.5-1cm of stem, healthy and strong anosis, 1 grade of side shoot with 3-6 sheet leaf as cuttage side shoot; Side shoot is specification classification cuttage by size, in order to growth evenly, by batch results seed.
(3) base portion otch:
After side shoot is chosen, it cut gently from base portion with sharp blade, otch should be level and smooth, in the shape of a hoof, is beneficial to wound healing, and shear-face angle is 30 degree.The time of cutting side shoot can before morning 10:00, after afternoon 15:00 or the cloudy day carry out.
(4) cuttage branch process:
The side shoot cut puts 1 hours, in order to wound normal healing in shady and cool lee side.Prepare the methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) of root-growing agent-1000mg/l at lateral branch cutting the previous day, shallowly fast dip in the cuttage again of side shoot base portion.Make side shoot be kept upright during immersion, reagent liquid level is about 1/5 of side shoot height.
(5) cutting time:
The brooder 3-5 month in winter can carry out cuttage, and except hot weather should not except 11:00 to 3:00 during this period of time cuttage, all the other periods all can cuttage, but must be noted that, the unsuitable cuttage of weather of lower moderate rain or heavy rain, can cuttage after rain.
(6) cuttage root-taking domestication survives condition:
Seedbed: substrate composition (counting by volume, the stalk become thoroughly decomposed: rice husk: vermiculite: the cow dung=4:3:3:1 become thoroughly decomposed); Cutting density controls at 20-25cm, and cuttage severity control is at 3-5cm;
Temperature: the minimum temperature of general seedling bed should be not less than 15 DEG C, and initial stage seedbed temperature keeps 25-28 DEG C daytime, night 15-17 DEG C, ground temperature keeps 18-20 DEG C; To shade when temperature is more than 28 DEG C cooling, note ventilating, prevent branches and leaves from wilting; After 10 days, daytime keeps 20-25 DEG C, night 15-17 DEG C; Ground temperature still keeps 18-20 DEG C to remove the thing that shades gradually, increases illumination, promotes plant photosynthesis;
Humidity: the initial stage wants spray water 3-4 time to blade face with sprayer every day, keeps ambient humidity more than 85%, can not water to seedbed, prevents because excess moisture causes cuttage branch base portion to rot; After 10 days, ambient humidity remains on 60-70%;
Illumination: radish lateral branch cutting survives demands low-light condition to taking root, shading can use sunshade net, and general shading rate is advisable with 60%-70%; Under these conditions, within general about two weeks, can take root, reduce sunshade gradually afterwards, after 7 days, accept normal illumination.
(7) transplant in good time:
When young leaves grows, when root system development is good, just transplanting can be taken out.Furrow are done in the thin leveling of winter brooder rake.Scuppit interval 40-50cm leaves ditch, little ditch depth 4-6cm, and in ditch, interval 30-40cm lays out radish side shoot, then uses the earth culture of semi-wet good, and side shoot can not bury too dark or excessively shallow, too dark easy to be rotten, and too shallow root system is too little, not easily survives.
General survival rate more than 75%.The radish side shoot of cuttage, owing to not having main root, only have side root, root layer is more shallow, so cultivation management more will will notice that duty is topdressed, water, repeatedly carries out on a small quantity.
(8) lateral branch cutting breeding:
Side shoot survives and directly enters reproductive growth afterwards, note ventilation and penetrating light, when spray grows to 40-50cm, suitably can prune away the raw branch in the sick and weak carefully side that short, flower bud development is bad of part, promote that spray fully grows and concentrated nutrient bears pods, guarantee seed is full, and built is fixed, to prevent lodging, fracture and cause the underproduction.
For Korea S's ternip of resistance to bolting in spring kind " spring white jade ", from selecting branch cuttage root-taking to need about 50 days altogether to seed harvest whole cycle, the thousand grain weigth of results is about 8.0g, and percentage of seedgermination is 100%.
Above-described embodiment does not limit the present invention in any way, and the technical scheme that the mode that every employing is equal to replacement or equivalent transformation obtains all drops in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. spring the ternip of a resistance to bolting lateral branch cutting breeding method, it is characterized in that,
(1) the choosing of cuttage side shoot
Spring, the ternip of resistance to bolting entered the peduncle-growing period for rapeseed of reproductive stage after 10 days, chose 1 grade of side shoot as cuttage side shoot;
(2) cuttage side shoot otch
After side shoot is chosen, it cut gently from base portion with blade, otch should be level and smooth, and shear-face angle is 25-35 degree;
(3) cuttage branch process
The side shoot cut is placed to wound normal healing in shady and cool lee side; With root-growing agent fast the shallow side shoot base portion that dips in carry out cuttage again;
(4) cuttage root-taking domestication survives
Medium of seedling bed is: count by volume, the stalk become thoroughly decomposed: rice husk: vermiculite: cow dung=4:2.8 ~ 3.2:2.8 ~ 3.2:0.8 ~ 1.2 of becoming thoroughly decomposed;
(5) transplanting, breeding
When young leaves grows, when root system development is good, just transplanting can be taken out; Side shoot survives and directly enters reproductive growth afterwards, gathers in the crops after seed maturity.
2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of spring the ternip of resistance to bolting lateral branch cutting breeding method, it is characterized in that, described step (1) chooses length 20-30cm, the thick 0.5-1cm of stem, healthy and strong anosis, 1 grade of side shoot with 3-6 sheet leaf as cuttage side shoot.
3. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 a kind of spring the ternip of resistance to bolting lateral branch cutting breeding method, it is characterized in that, the cuttage root-taking domestication of described step (4) survive into:
Temperature: initial stage seedling bed temperature keeps 25-28 DEG C daytime, night 15-17 DEG C, ground temperature keep 18-20 DEG C; After 10 days, seedling bed temperature keeps 20-25 DEG C daytime, night 15-17 DEG C, ground temperature still keeps 18-20 DEG C;
Humidity: the initial stage, ambient humidity was more than 85%; After 10 days, ambient humidity remains on 60-70%;
Illumination: it is 60%-70% that lateral branch cutting survives stage shading rate to taking root; Reduce sunshade gradually after taking root, after 7 days, accept normal illumination.
4. the one ternip of resistance to bolting lateral branch cutting breeding method in spring as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described step (5) plantation line-spacing 40-50cm, and spacing in the rows 30-40cm, planting depth 4-6cm are good with the earth culture of semi-wet.
5. the one ternip of resistance to bolting lateral branch cutting breeding method in spring as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described root-growing agent is the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 1000mg/l.
6. the one ternip of resistance to bolting lateral branch cutting breeding method in spring as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, within 3-5 days, carry out drought stress before described side shoot sampling, soil moisture is: leaf withering outside noon, sooner or later recovers.
7. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 a kind of spring the ternip of resistance to bolting lateral branch cutting breeding method, it is characterized in that, described step (2) time of cutting side shoot before morning 10:00, after afternoon 15:00 or the cloudy day carry out.
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| CN106212227A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-14 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of Radix Raphani lateral branch cutting breeding method of convenient and efficient |
| CN106212229A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-14 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of mating system of Shandong District the most resistance to bolting Radix Raphani kind matter |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106212227A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-14 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of Radix Raphani lateral branch cutting breeding method of convenient and efficient |
| CN106212229A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-14 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of mating system of Shandong District the most resistance to bolting Radix Raphani kind matter |
| CN106212227B (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2019-12-03 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of radish lateral branch cutting breeding method of convenient and efficient |
| CN106212229B (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2019-12-03 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of mating system of the extremely resistance to bolting radish germplasm in Shandong District |
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