A kind of cultivation implantation methods of ginkgo
Technical field
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting technical field, more particularly, to a kind of implantation methods of ginkgo.
Background technology
Semen Ginkgo, is Ginkgoaceae, Ginkgo deciduous tree, another name Semen Ginkgo, Gong Sunshu, Cortex schefflerae octophyllae, cattail leaf fan, is that existing seed is planted
Relict Plant the most ancient in thing.Ginkgo is one of seeds very precious in the world, is treated as botanic " activation
Stone ", have view and admire, economy, medical value, its stalk, kernel, episperm, leaveves etc. all have and have been widely used, especially right
The mankind have preferable nutritive value and medical value.
Ginkgo growth is relatively slow, lasts a long time, and extremely sensitive to ecological environment, fertilizing method for a long time, only
A number of farm manure or a little cake fertilizer are spread fertilizer over the fields around trunk with New Year's Eve in good year, there are dose deficiency, fertilizer product
Kind of single, fertilizing method and drawback, the As time goes on increase with Semen Ginkgo yield, the Semen Ginkgo Rhizosphere Soil such as Dressing date is improper
In earth, various nutrient disparities between supply and demand heal, and day is prominent, and Semen Ginkgo yield " biennial bearing " phenomenon is also aggravated increasingly, therefore, how to improve
Fertilizer nutrient, improves Fertilization for Ginkgo biloba material skill content, preferably coordinates ginkgo nutritional, it has also become what stable development Semen Ginkgo produced works as business
Anxious.
Content of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of plantation breeding method of ginkgo, by research silver
The growth characteristic of apricot and regulation of fertilizer requirement, multi-faceted carried out the various fertilizer test of ginkgo, obtain a series of Fertilization for Ginkgo bilobas
Parameter, has courageously carried out the reform of Fertilization for Ginkgo biloba technology, and changing end of the year single fertilization is repeatedly to apply fertilizer by Semen Ginkgo period of duration;Change tight
Applying fertilizer by butt is fertilising near Root Absorption ability crown mapping circle the strongest;Changing single fertilizer variety is to have
Machine, inorganic combination, a great number of elements is combined with middle trace element;Changing blindly applies fertilizer be according to soil nutrient status because scarce fill a vacancy qualitative
Fertilising, according to size, the yield height quantitative fertilization of ginkgo.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of plantation breeding method of ginkgo, comprises the following steps:
(1) in the planting area of ginkgo, after Semen Ginkgo harvests, annual mid-October gathers soil sample, testing soil
In phosphorus, potassium, zinc, boron, in ferrum etc. trace element effective content;
(2) age of tree according to ginkgo, applies fertilizer to ginkgo, and fertilizer adopts total nutrient content (pure n+p2o5+k2O)
>=40% compound fertilizer.For childhood tree and picking leaves tree, it is imposed with nitrogenous fertilizer is more, arrange in pairs or groups appropriate potash fertilizer and a small amount of phosphorus
Fertile;For the ginkgo of youth of just bearing fruit, with the increase of yield, increasing the p application rate and potash fertilizer year by year;When ginkgo bears fruit for many years
Afterwards, fertilising reaches the ratio that nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are laid equal stress on;
(3) respectively ginkgo is applied fertilizer in annual April, July and October, dose according to the diameter of tree crown and
Fixed: y=1/10 π r (wherein, y represents dose, and unit is kilogram that r represents the radius of tree crown, and unit is rice).
As a kind of preferred implementation of the present invention, during fertilising, the head of yellow plate paper pipe is to play shape structure, and fertilizer is filled
Enter the aperture staying 1 millimeter in described yellow plate paper pipe in the afterbody of described yellow plate paper pipe, top sets end cap and sealed, will
Yellow plate paper pipe is inserted in the rhizosphere soil of ginkgo, and fertilizer passes through diffusion and mass flow effect, is gradually absorbed by ginkgo.
As another kind of preferred implementation of the present invention, described fertilizer is powdered fertilizer, wherein, total nutrient (n+p2o5+
k2O) >=40%, moisture≤2%, middle trace element (zn+mn+cu+mo+fe etc.) >=1%, ph value is between 6-8.
Beneficial effect: the present invention is on the basis of common compound fertilizer, through Reasonable adjustment a great number of elements, middle trace element
Ratio, for produce the fruit type and picking leaves type ginkgo different demands to various nutrients, in conjunction with ginkgo regulation of fertilizer requirement and Semen Ginkgo
Tree regional soil nutrient situation, develops after lot of experiments demonstration, has formula rationally, good water solubility, efficiency slow release, administration
Simply, reduces cost, improves the features such as utilization rate of fertilizer and orchard worker's benefit, is the materialization achievement of soil fertilizer technology, is worth
Popularization and application in large area.
Brief description
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
Have technology description in required use accompanying drawing be briefly described it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description be only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, acceptable
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of cuing open of the yellow plate paper pipe mentioned by plantation breeding method of the ginkgo disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention
Depending on structural representation.
Corresponding component title represented by figure numeral and letter:
1st, pipe tail;2nd, pipe shaft;3rd, tube head;4th, aperture.
Specific embodiment
The enforcement it is clear that described will be clearly and completely described to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention below
Example is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, this area is common
The every other embodiment that technical staff is obtained under the premise of not making creative work, broadly falls into the model of present invention protection
Enclose.
Embodiment
A kind of plantation breeding method of ginkgo, it comprises the following steps: first in Semen Ginkgo planting area, with continuous five
The time in year, in annual mid-October, after Semen Ginkgo harvests, extensively collection topsoil soil sample carries out assay, finds out Semen Ginkgo and produces
Phosphorus in area, the nutrient situation of trace element in potassium, zinc, boron, silicon etc., thus grasped first hand soil nutrient data, for opening
Exhibition Semen Ginkgo fertilization compositions based on earth measurement provides scientific basis.
According to the type of ginkgo, ginkgo is divided into product fruit type and two kinds of picking leaves type, with regard to tri- kinds of nutrients of n, p, k
Speech, ginkgo, in different growth periods, is not quite similar to the demand of its nutrient.
For the overall growth tendency of ginkgo, divide according to season, (1) spring, due to the branch and leaf life of ginkgo
Long amount is big, therefore higher to the demand of nitrogenous fertilizer, and nitrogenous fertilizer demand is accounted for more than the 60% of annual aggregate demand;(2) summer, just
Value Semen Ginkgo length fruit, long kind of shell, the vigorous period of grouting, larger to potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer demand;(3) autumn, ginkgo overground part
Point increment is few or stops growing, and under ground portion root growth enters two summit of growth phases an of annual control, is colored simultaneously again
The basic phase that bud is formed and Semen Ginkgo tree body increase nutrient storage, increase the preparatory stage of cold hardiness, thus higher to the demand of phosphorus,
Account for all one's life always with phosphorus amount 50%.
In addition, ginkgo tree crown size, whether bear fruit, and the length in age of bearing fruit, also different to the demand of nutrient, one
As for, childhood tree and picking leaves type tree are due to the nitrogenous fertilizer based on nourishing and growing, therefore, when applying fertilizer to ginkgo, in nutrient
Content should be higher, is secondly potash fertilizer, and phosphate fertilizer only needs a little;And for the young ginkgo that just bears fruit, with the increase of yield, can
With using increasing the p application rate, potash fertilizer year by year, after ginkgo reaches and bears fruit 3-5, the then fertilizing method laid equal stress on using nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.
In order to be controlled to the demand of nutrition nutrient in 1 year, the present invention adopts annual April, July and 10
Month, respectively ginkgo is imposed with accelerating germination and promotees fertilizers for potted flowers, long fruit fertilizer and Xie Guofei, the pure n content that described accelerating germination promotees in fertilizers for potted flowers is 25%,
p2o5Content be 5%, k2The content of o is 10%;Pure n content in described long fruit fertilizer is 20%, p2o5Content be 5%, k2O contains
Measure as 15%;The described fertile pure n content of fruit of thanking is 15%, p2o5Content be 15%, k2The content of o is 10%, the fertilising of every kind of fertilizer
Amount is differentiated according to the radius of tree crown, according to formula:
Y=1/10 π r, y represent dose, unit be kilogram, r represents the radius of tree crown, unit be rice.
During fertilising, in order to ensure the fertilising safety of ginkgo, the chemical fertilizer preventing high concentration is because of local concentration
Too high, stab Semen Ginkgo root system, the head of 30mm × 300mm yellow plate paper pipe is made bullet shape structure by the present invention, including pipe shaft 2, manage
Tail 1 and tube head 3, fertilizer are loaded the aperture opening up 1 millimeter in described yellow plate paper pipe in the tube head 3 of described yellow plate paper pipe
4, pipe tail 1 lid is located at and is sealed on pipe shaft 2, yellow plate paper pipe is inserted in the planting soil of ginkgo, soil moisture is passed through
Be seeped into fertilizer in tube wall, after fertilizer water suction can deliquescence immediately, the fertilizer microgranule after dissolving in the presence of concentration difference, further through Huang
The aperture of the capillary pore of paperboard pipe and point oozes out outside pipe, finally by diffusion, mass flow effect, moves to Semen Ginkgo tree root
Border absorbs for ginkgo.
According to mensure, under normal soil moisture, every fertilizer being contained in yellow plate paper pipe can be in 30-45 days dissolving knots
Bundle, controls chemical fertilizer day meltage in safety range effectively, and per day meltage only has the 1/30-1/ that root directly applies fertilizer
35, thus having efficiently controlled the rate of release of nutrient it is ensured that the fertilising safety of ginkgo, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio again.
Nutrient in the present invention is higher, can meet ginkgo and grow to nutrient content needs, efficiently solve big at present
Area produces on upper Ginkgo Nut Yield " biennial bearing problem ", and the bullet-nose rod that it is developed is fertile, can be suitable for different types of ginkgo
To nutrient demand, and there is certain promotional value.
Embodiment 2
Remaining is same as Example 1, and institute's difference is, described fertilizer is floury structure, wherein, total nutrient (n
+p2o5+k2O) >=40%, moisture≤2%, middle trace element (zn+mn+cu+mo+fe etc.) >=1%, ph value, will between 6-8
Fertilizer loads in bag, imbeds to the root of ginkgo, by with contact with moisture, gradually dissolve, thus being filled by the root of ginkgo
Divide and absorb.
Above-described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention it is noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, some deformation can also be made and improve, these broadly fall into the present invention
Protection domain.