CN104196006A - Desertification soil treatment method - Google Patents
Desertification soil treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104196006A CN104196006A CN201410438727.8A CN201410438727A CN104196006A CN 104196006 A CN104196006 A CN 104196006A CN 201410438727 A CN201410438727 A CN 201410438727A CN 104196006 A CN104196006 A CN 104196006A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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Abstract
The invention provides a desertification soil treatment method. The desertification soil treatment method comprises the following steps that a vegetation zone formed by alternately laying and planting ecological vegetation carpets and protection forests is laid on desertification soil along the border between the desertification soil and vegetation towards a desert; a wood retaining wall is erected on the vegetation zone; ecological vegetation ditches and a water storage tank are formed, and supporting wood plates covered with ecological vegetation carpets are laid on the ecological vegetation ditches and the water storage tank; a water pipe provided with spray nozzles is laid, the water pipe is connected with a water pump, and a pumping pipe of the water pump extends into the water storage tank; following management and maintenance are conducted on the laid vegetation zone. By the adoption of the desertification soil treatment method, the desertification soil treatment effect can be achieved by executing the desertification soil treatment method once, after grass seeds and protection forest plants grow well, the texture of the desertification soil can be fundamentally changed, treatment is thorough, and devices used during treatment can be detached and recycled. According to the desertification soil treatment method, effectiveness can be achieved quickly, the period is short, operation is easy, the treatment cost is low, the rate of survival of planted vegetation is high, and the planted vegetation is easy to manage and maintain in the later period.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of desertification soil remediation method, belong to soil desert treatment field.
Background technology
At present, climate warming, decrease in precipitation have been aggravated the climate arid of the Northwest's weather and soil.This reduces the vegetation coverage in this district, and it is looser that soil texture becomes, and accelerated the desertification in soil.Climate Warming in addition, weather continuous drought, brings to various water resources (glacier, lake, river etc.) and has a strong impact on a large scale, makes glacial recession, river discharge reduction or cutout, Lakes Dry Up, and groundwater table declines.Large-area vegetation is dead because of lack of water, has lost protection surface soil function, has accelerated soil desertification speed.
Existing Desert Control method mainly adopts afforestation, but this method has high input, takes effect slowly, the cycle is long, and cannot directly stop soil water evaporation, loss, produces effects little; Also have area to use the improvement methods such as spray film, liquid mulch film, but all can only play a role at short notice, cannot fundamentally administer soil desertification.The soil of desertification is generally evaporation capacity and is greater than amount of precipitation, and directly planting plants on the soil of desertification, does not only have the effect that reduces moisture evaporation, and water regime of soil has suppressed growth and the existence of plant on the contrary.
Chinese patent " a kind of method of the Desert Control " (patent No.: a kind of method that CN02130859) discloses Desert Control, utilize and in artificial lawn, cut out implantation hole, in implantation hole, be sprinkled into soil serike, the effect of playing water conservation, fixing the sand, afforest with this, but use artificial lawn cost high, and artificial lawn needs regularly to change, during replacing, affect plant growth, serike in implantation hole, planting density is low, is difficult to guarantee plant survival rate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and a kind of desertification soil remediation method is provided, utilize ecological vegetation carpet and shelter-forest alternately to lay Desert Control soil, can effectively realize the water conservation of desertification soil, fix the sand and afforest, cost is low, instant effect.
Realizing the technical scheme that the object of the invention adopts is:
A desertification soil remediation method, comprises the steps:
(1) lay vegetational zone: on desertification soil, along desertification soil and vegetation intersection, to desert direction, lay vegetational zone, described vegetational zone consists of alternatively distributed ecological vegetation carpet and shelter-forest on desertification soil, and every place ecological vegetation carpet stretches into desertification soil 20m~30m;
(2) set up wooden barricade: in vegetational zone, every 40~60m, set up sand-proof wood barricade, it is dark that desertification soil 20~50cm is inserted in wooden barricade bottom, and both sides are fixed with iron wire;
(3) offer ecological vegetation ditch and reservoir: from desertification soil and vegetation intersection, to desert direction, every 30~50m, offer the ecological vegetation ditch through vegetational zone of a wide 40~60cm, along ecological vegetation ditch, on per hectare desertification soil, offering 1~2 length and width height is the reservoir of 3m*3m*3m~10m*10m*8m, ecological vegetation ditch is connected with reservoir, on ecological vegetation ditch and reservoir, be all equipped with support plank, adjacent two distances that support between plank are 5~20cm, support plank upper berth and establish ecological vegetation carpet; Ecological vegetation ditch length grows vegetational zone 0.5~1m;
(4) lay water pipe: between every two ecological vegetation ditches, to desert direction, lay 2~4 water pipes that caliber is 3~5cm, water pipe passes wooden barricade and is fixed on vegetational zone by wooden barricade; On described water pipe, every 8~12m, a shower nozzle is set, water pipe is connected with water pump near one end of vegetation, and pumping for water pump pipe stretches in the reservoir closing on;
(5) final management and maintenance: final management and maintenance is carried out in the vegetational zone of having laid, first 3~4 months except cloudy, every day of rainy day the early, middle and late water pump of respectively opening sprinkle water once, the morning at cloudy day, watering in afternoon are respectively once, after 3~4 months, except the rainy day, sprinkle water once until shelter-forest survives every day, then landfill reservoir and ecological vegetation ditch, remove and reclaim wooden barricade, support plank, water pipe, shower nozzle, water pump and drinking-water pipe.
The width of described shelter-forest is 5~10m, the drought-resistant plant of plantation in shelter-forest, and the line-spacing of drought-enduring type plant plant is 1~3m, spacing in the rows is 1~3m.
Described drought-resistant plant is cypress, Chinese tamarisk, diversiform-leaved poplar, Chinese scholar tree, Chinese ash, birch-leaf pear or oriental plane tree.
The plank that described wooden barricade is wide by 10~20cm, 2~3cm is thick, 1.2~2m is high is closely laid and is formed.
The specification of described ecological vegetation carpet is 1m*10m, 2m*10m, 3m*10m, 4m*10m or 5m*10m.
Described ecological vegetation carpet by surfing the Net, plant fiber layer, the Nutrition Soil with grass seeds, lining paper and off linely lay and form successively from top to bottom.
Described online, the off line vegetable fibre net that is aperture 1.5cm*1.5cm~2cm*2cm specification.
Described plant fiber layer is made by rice wheat straw, palm, shredded coconut meat, cornstalk.
In described Nutrition Soil, be added with water-loss reducer and slow-release fertilizer, in Nutrition Soil, grass seeds density is 300~400/m
2.
Described grass seeds is the grass seeds of paspalum notatum, alfalfa, dewdrop grass, Manila grass, Korea lawn grass or Bermuda grass.
As shown from the above technical solution, desertification soil remediation method provided by the invention is laid by ecological vegetation carpet and shelter-forest and is alternately laid on desertification soil, the vegetational zone that plantation forms, and wooden barricade is installed on vegetational zone, offer subsequently ecological vegetation ditch and reservoir, on ecological vegetation ditch and reservoir, lay brace plate and ecological vegetation carpet, on vegetational zone, lay the water pipe with shower nozzle, water pipe is connected with water pump, the drinking-water pipe of water pump stretches into reservoir, ecological vegetation ditch, reservoir, water pump, drinking-water pipe, water pipe and shower nozzle form irrigation system, finally final management and maintenance is carried out in the vegetational zone laying.
Ecological vegetation carpet and shelter-forest are alternately laid, and height plant is arranged in pairs or groups mutually, and soil is fully utilized; Shelter-forest can effectively play the effect of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, and protects ecological vegetation carpet to avoid dust storm and buries, and improves grass seeds survival rate in ecological vegetation carpet; In ecological vegetation carpet, grass seeds can germinate in one week, in one month, grew up to seedling, and growth and maturity in 3 months get final product preliminary Desert Control soil in a short time, in shelter-forest, after plant survival, can thoroughly administer the desertification soil that vegetational zone covers.
On desertification soil, lay ecological vegetation carpet, the moisture evaporating in desertification soil is absorbed by the lining paper in ecological vegetation carpet and Nutrition Soil during by ecological vegetation carpet, the moisture effectively blocking in desertification soil is evaporated in air, avoid desertification soil to be directly exposed to the sun by sunlight simultaneously, effectively reduce the evaporation of desertification soil moisture; In ecological vegetation carpet, on Nutrition Soil, lay plant fiber layer, rainwater or dew that plant fiber layer absorbs can slowly infiltrate in Nutrition Soil according to self gravitation, for grass seeds growth in Nutrition Soil provides moisture, avoid moisture in Nutrition Soil to be evaporated in air simultaneously; Plant fiber layer is fibrous by discarded plants such as rice wheat straw, palms, online, the off line vegetable fibre net that is also, and string can natural degradation, and after rotting, becoming humus can directly be absorbed by grass seeds seedling, environmentally safe.
Lay effectively catch blowing sand of wooden barricade, before the plant of planting survives, protect plant to avoid dust storm and bury in vegetational zone, improve survival rate of plant.
Ecological vegetation ditch, reservoir, water pump, drinking-water pipe, water pipe and shower nozzle form irrigation system, and wherein ecological vegetation ditch and catch basin can play at rainstorm weather the effect of rapid draining and retaining, the rainwater of accumulating at arid season for irrigating; Adopt the mode of sprinkling irrigation to irrigate grass seeds and plant seedling, reduce irrigation water capacity, and labour intensity is low; On ecological vegetation ditch and reservoir, lay brace plate, support plank upper berth and establish ecological vegetation carpet, ecological vegetation carpet can effectively reduce the rain evaporation of water of accumulating in ecological vegetation ditch and reservoir, and when the space between support plank guarantees to rain, rainwater infiltrates ecological vegetation ditch and reservoir; The wooden barricade of removing and reclaiming, support plank, water pipe, shower nozzle and water pump can reuse, and save desertification soil remediation cost.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Desertification soil remediation method provided by the invention, the material environmentally safe of use; The method is implemented once to reach desertification soil remediation effect, can thoroughly change the situation of soil desertification after grass seeds and shelter-forest plant grow up to, and administers thoroughly; The production of ecological vegetation carpet and vegetational zone are irrigated all can realize mechanization, saves time and labour; The utensil using in governance process is detachable and recovery all, saves desertification soil remediation cost; The method instant effect, the cycle is short, easy to operate, treatment cost is low, and the vegetation survival rate of plantation is high, and the later stage is is easily managed and protected.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that desertification soil remediation method is administered schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is desertification soil remediation method irrigation system schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is ecological vegetation carpet structural representation.
Wherein, 1-ecological vegetation carpet, 2--shelter-forest, 3-wood barricade, 4-ecological vegetation ditch, 5-reservoir, 6 water pipes, 7-shower nozzle, 8-water pump, 9-drinking-water pipe, 10-grass seeds, the online of 11-string, 12-plant fiber layer, 13-Nutrition Soil, 14-lining paper, 15-string is off line, and 16-supports plank.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is illustrated in detail.
The position bordering on along desertification soil and vegetation starts to lay ecological vegetation carpet 1, and ecological vegetation carpet is divided into three layers: the upper, middle and lower, and as shown in Figure 3, upper strata is string online 11 to its structure; Middle level comprises that by rice wheat straw, palm, shredded coconut meat, several waste fibers of cornstalk be plant fiber layer 12, the Nutrition Soil 13 that includes water-loss reducer and slow-release fertilizer, the lining paper 14 that raw material is made; Wherein in Nutrition Soil, sowed grass seeds 10, the grass seeds that grass seeds is paspalum notatum, grass seeds density is 400/m
2; Lower floor is string off line 15, online and off line specification are identical, and aperture is the vegetable fibre net of 2cm*2cm, and plant gets out ecological vegetation carpet through online from upper mesh, grass seeds root system stretches in desertification soil by off line, and upper, middle and lower-ranking becomes carpet-like through machine quilting.
The shelter-forest 2 of the ecological vegetation carpet plantation 10m of every laying 30m, in the present embodiment, plantation Chinese ash in shelter-forest, plant line space is 2m, spacing in every row plant between plant is 1.5m, ecological vegetation carpet and shelter-forest form vegetational zone, the wooden barricade 3 of high 1.5m is installed every 40m in vegetational zone, wood barricade is wide by 15cm, 2.5cm thick, 2m high plank closely lay and form, it is dark that plank inserts desertification soil 50cm, be mainly used in preventing the plant seedling of dust storm mulching plant, affect the survival rate of grass seeds, from desertification soil and vegetation intersection, to desert direction, every 40m, offer one through the ecological vegetation ditch 4 of vegetational zone, ecological vegetation furrow width 60cm, length grows vegetational zone 1m, along ecological vegetation ditch, on per hectare desertification soil, offering 1 length and width height is the reservoir 5 of 3m*3m*3m, and the reservoir length and width height of close vegetation is 10m*10m*8m, and ecological vegetation ditch is connected with reservoir, administers schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1.
Between every two ecological vegetation ditches, to desert direction, lay 3 water pipes 6 that caliber is 4cm, water pipe passes wooden barricade and is fixed on vegetational zone by wooden barricade; On described water pipe, every 10m, a shower nozzle 7 is set, water pipe is connected with water pump 8 near one end of vegetation, and the drinking-water pipe 9 of water pump stretches in the reservoir closing on; On ecological vegetation ditch and reservoir, lay brace plate 16, adjacent two distances that support between plank are 10cm, support plank upper berth and establish ecological vegetation carpet; Ecological vegetation ditch, reservoir, water pump, drinking-water pipe, water pipe and shower nozzle form irrigation system, and irrigation system schematic diagram as shown in Figure 2.
Final management and maintenance is carried out in the vegetational zone of having laid, first 3 months except cloudy, early, middle and late each watering every day of rainy day once, respectively once, the rainy day does not sprinkle water for the morning at cloudy day, watering in afternoon; After 3 months, except the rainy day, sprinkle water once until shelter-forest survives every day; During watering, open water pump, water pump draws water from reservoir, and the water of extraction sprays by shower nozzle, and watering evenly; After shelter-forest survives, landfill reservoir and ecological vegetation ditch, remove and reclaim wooden barricade, support plank, water pipe, shower nozzle and water pump, and the ecological vegetation carpet supporting on plank is laid on the reservoir and ecological vegetation ditch after landfill.
According to the difference of landform, can change the specification of ecological vegetation carpet, the specification of ecological vegetation carpet used has 1m*10m, 2m*10m, 3m*10m, 4m*10m, 5m*10m, the ecological vegetation carpet of different size is used in combination, and guarantees to be all coated with ecological vegetation carpet on desertification soil or kind is implanted with shelter-forest; Ecological vegetation carpet adopts mechanization production, and production efficiency is high and with short production cycle, and because desertification soil relief is complicated, height is uneven, for the larger place of the gradient, adopts fixedly ecological vegetation carpet of the methods such as descending grade, bolt anchorage.
Claims (10)
1. a desertification soil remediation method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) lay vegetational zone: on desertification soil, along desertification soil and vegetation intersection, to desert direction, lay vegetational zone, described vegetational zone consists of alternatively distributed ecological vegetation carpet and shelter-forest on desertification soil, and every place ecological vegetation carpet stretches into desertification soil 20~30m;
(2) set up wooden barricade: in vegetational zone, every 40~60m, set up sand-proof wood barricade, it is dark that desertification soil 20~50cm is inserted in wooden barricade bottom, and both sides are fixed with iron wire;
(3) offer ecological vegetation ditch and reservoir: from desertification soil and vegetation intersection, to desert direction, every 30~50m, offer the ecological vegetation ditch through vegetational zone of a wide 40~60cm, along ecological vegetation ditch, on per hectare desertification soil, offering 1~2 length and width height is the reservoir of 3m*3m*3m~10m*10m*8m, ecological vegetation ditch is connected with reservoir, on ecological vegetation ditch and reservoir, be all equipped with support plank, adjacent two distances that support between plank are 5~20cm, support plank upper berth and establish ecological vegetation carpet; Ecological vegetation ditch length grows vegetational zone 0.5~1m;
(4) lay water pipe: between every two ecological vegetation ditches, to desert direction, lay 2~4 water pipes that caliber is 3~5cm, water pipe passes wooden barricade and is fixed on vegetational zone by wooden barricade; On described water pipe, every 8~12m, a shower nozzle is set, water pipe is connected with water pump near one end of vegetation, and the drinking-water pipe of water pump stretches in the reservoir closing on;
(5) final management and maintenance: final management and maintenance is carried out in the vegetational zone of having laid, first 3~4 months except cloudy, every day of rainy day the early, middle and late water pump of respectively opening sprinkle water once, the morning at cloudy day, watering in afternoon are respectively once, after 3~4 months, except the rainy day, sprinkle water once until shelter-forest survives every day, then landfill reservoir and ecological vegetation ditch, remove and reclaim wooden barricade, support plank, water pipe, shower nozzle, water pump and drinking-water pipe.
2. desertification soil remediation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the width of described shelter-forest is 5~10m, the drought-resistant plant of plantation in shelter-forest, and the line-spacing of drought-enduring type plant plant is 1~3m, spacing in the rows is 1~3m.
3. desertification soil remediation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described drought-resistant plant is cypress, Chinese tamarisk, diversiform-leaved poplar, Chinese scholar tree, Chinese ash, birch-leaf pear or oriental plane tree.
4. desertification soil remediation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the plank that described wooden barricade is wide by 10~20cm, 2~3cm is thick, 1.2~2m is high is closely laid and formed.
5. desertification soil remediation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the specification of described ecological vegetation carpet is 1m*10m, 2m*10m, 3m*10m, 4m*10m or 5m*10m.
6. desertification soil remediation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described ecological vegetation carpet by surfing the Net, plant fiber layer, the Nutrition Soil with grass seeds, lining paper and off linely lay and form successively from top to bottom.
7. desertification soil remediation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described online, the off line vegetable fibre net that is aperture 1.5cm*1.5cm~2cm*2cm specification.
8. desertification soil remediation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described plant fiber layer is made by rice wheat straw, palm, shredded coconut meat, cornstalk.
9. desertification soil remediation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in described Nutrition Soil, be added with water-loss reducer and slow-release fertilizer, in Nutrition Soil, grass seeds density is 300~400/m
2.
10. desertification soil remediation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described grass seeds is the grass seeds of paspalum notatum, alfalfa, dewdrop grass, Manila grass, Korea lawn grass or Bermuda grass.
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Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104631424A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-05-20 | 孟凡英 | Large-scale mechanical desert control method |
CN104642058A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-05-27 | 新疆农业大学 | Structure capable of improving snowmelt infiltration rate of irrigation-free haloxylon ammodendron planting region and use method thereof |
CN106576477A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-04-26 | 安庆市鼎升环保科技有限公司 | Method for controlling desertified soil by utilizing environment-friendly straw vegetation carpets |
CN108753311A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-06 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Straw base plant blanket and salt-soda soil Salt discharge method |
CN109105161A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-01-01 | 美丽国土(北京)生态环境工程技术研究院有限公司 | Sand ground repairs structure, sand ground restorative procedure and application |
CN109220685A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-01-18 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of sandy beach windbreak building method |
CN109287351A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-01 | 田新明 | A kind of desert control method |
CN109429926A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-03-08 | 谢宁汉 | A kind of desertification is fixed the sand improvement and plantation integral method |
CN110463400A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-19 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of method of soil conservation water and soil and anti-desertification |
CN110612889A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-27 | 上海中澄环保工程科技有限公司 | A device for desert vegetation resumes |
CN111519598A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-11 | 蒋贤东 | Treatment device for land desertification and use method thereof |
CN113557816A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-10-29 | 苏州家宜居家日用品有限公司 | Desert mechanized planting method |
CN113774886A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-12-10 | 中印恒盛(北京)贸易有限公司 | Ecological planting sand fixation module capable of being automatically degraded |
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Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104631424A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-05-20 | 孟凡英 | Large-scale mechanical desert control method |
CN104642058A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-05-27 | 新疆农业大学 | Structure capable of improving snowmelt infiltration rate of irrigation-free haloxylon ammodendron planting region and use method thereof |
CN106576477A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-04-26 | 安庆市鼎升环保科技有限公司 | Method for controlling desertified soil by utilizing environment-friendly straw vegetation carpets |
CN109220685A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-01-18 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of sandy beach windbreak building method |
CN109220685B (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2021-08-17 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for constructing beach windbreak forest |
CN108753311A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-06 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Straw base plant blanket and salt-soda soil Salt discharge method |
CN109105161A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-01-01 | 美丽国土(北京)生态环境工程技术研究院有限公司 | Sand ground repairs structure, sand ground restorative procedure and application |
CN109429926B (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2021-07-20 | 谢宁汉 | Sand stabilization treatment and planting integrated method for desertification land |
CN109429926A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-03-08 | 谢宁汉 | A kind of desertification is fixed the sand improvement and plantation integral method |
CN109287351A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-01 | 田新明 | A kind of desert control method |
CN110463400A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-19 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of method of soil conservation water and soil and anti-desertification |
CN110612889A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-27 | 上海中澄环保工程科技有限公司 | A device for desert vegetation resumes |
CN111519598A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-11 | 蒋贤东 | Treatment device for land desertification and use method thereof |
CN111519598B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-11-24 | 蒋贤东 | Treatment device for land desertification and use method thereof |
CN113774886A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-12-10 | 中印恒盛(北京)贸易有限公司 | Ecological planting sand fixation module capable of being automatically degraded |
CN113557816A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-10-29 | 苏州家宜居家日用品有限公司 | Desert mechanized planting method |
CN113557816B (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2023-08-29 | 苏州家宜居家日用品有限公司 | Desert mechanized planting method |
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