CN104187556A - 一种以牡蛎为原料生产天然调味品的方法 - Google Patents

一种以牡蛎为原料生产天然调味品的方法 Download PDF

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CN104187556A
CN104187556A CN201410380986.XA CN201410380986A CN104187556A CN 104187556 A CN104187556 A CN 104187556A CN 201410380986 A CN201410380986 A CN 201410380986A CN 104187556 A CN104187556 A CN 104187556A
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oyster
oysters
producing
meat
seasoning
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CN104187556B (zh
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苏兴建
庞兴军
苏铭龙
庞兴惠
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Haoji Craftsmanship Brewing Food Co ltd
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BEIHAI FUANYUAN BIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/20Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
    • A23L27/26Meat flavours
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/20Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
    • A23L27/24Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments prepared by fermentation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L29/00Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L29/06Enzymes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L5/00Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/20Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
    • A23L5/21Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification by heating without chemical treatment, e.g. steam treatment, cooking
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23VINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
  • Seasonings (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种以牡蛎为原料生产天然调味品的方法。传统方法以牡蛎为原料生产的调味料,常常需要添加外源性物质。本发明是将开壳后的牡蛎肉,进行90-100℃高温蒸汽蒸煮5-10分钟,将牡蛎肉蒸熟、灭菌,趁热将蒸后的牡蛎汁及牡蛎肉在60-100℃的温度下研磨至浆状;再将牡蛎浆及牡蛎汁冷却至37℃时加入以酵母菌为主的复合微生物菌液,搅拌均匀后在5-37℃条件下静置缺氧发酵5-20天,用20目筛网过滤,滤液在90-100℃高温下进行二次灭菌即得。本发明依靠微生物产生的天然酶类对牡蛎进行深度分解,增加牡蛎膏液中的可溶氨基酸及游离氨基酸的含量,反应过程能形成增香物质,保留了牡蛎的鲜香,能够更容易地与其它调味物质复配产生新的调味产品。

Description

一种以牡蛎为原料生产天然调味品的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及是一种以牡蛎为原料生产天然调味品的方法,属于海洋生物制品制备技术领域。
背景技术
以贝类及鱼虾类为原料生产调味品的技术较多,常用的有:原料制备成浆状,加水稀释后加酶进行酶解,这种方式通常会有三个弊病,一是酶解后由于含水量太高(为了酶解的需要),需要后续进行浓缩,消耗能源增加成本。二是酶解后常会产生苦味肽及其它不愉快的气味,直接应用影响口感,如添加茴香、八角等调味品遮蔽时又会掩盖贝类原有的鲜香味。三是酶解要增加酶的成本、酶解控温的成本、高温灭酶的成本。另外一种常用的技术就是采用美拉德方法进行增香。通常要加入糖类,有的还会加入食盐、维生素、氨基酸等,但外源性添加物及美拉德反应所形成的鲜香味不是贝类天然应该具有的味道,并且美拉德反应的过程非常复杂,反应产物难以控制,色泽和香气不稳定,并且可能降低营养的吸收。因此,寻求一种以牡蛎肉为原料制备调味料的方法,不需添加外源性物质,保持牡蛎的原有鲜香味,这就是本发明的意义所在。
发明内容
本发明的目的,就是提供一种以牡蛎为原料生产天然调味品的方法,制备出不需添加外源性物质,保持牡蛎原有鲜香味的调味料,克服传统制备方法所存在的制品味感不佳,制备成本过高,色泽香味不稳定的不足。
上述目的得以实现,是因为采取了下述措施,一种以牡蛎为原料生产天然调味品的方法,包括下述具体技术步骤:
(1)将开壳后的牡蛎肉,放入常压高温蒸汽笼内,通入90-100℃高温蒸汽蒸煮5-10分钟,将牡蛎肉蒸熟、灭菌,趁热将蒸后的牡蛎汁及牡蛎肉转移至已经用蒸汽消毒过的研磨器中在60-100℃的温度下研磨至浆状;
(2)将牡蛎浆及牡蛎汁趁热转入灭菌后的不锈钢容器中冷却,冷却至37℃时加入以酵母菌为主的复合微生物菌液,搅拌均匀后半密闭静置缺氧发酵,但要留有带0.22μm微孔滤膜的泄气孔,无菌空气能进入发酵室;
(3)5-37℃条件下静置缺氧发酵5-20天,用20目筛网过滤,将滤液经高压均质后装瓶,在90-100℃高温下进行二次灭菌即得;
所述以酵母菌为主的复合微生物菌液,指的是由生香酵母、产酯酵母、酿酒酵母或枯草芽孢杆菌中的一种、两种或两种以上的任意配比制备而成的复合微生物菌液,复合微生物菌液的菌群浓度为200~50000万cfu/ml,复合微生物菌液的添加量为牡蛎鲜肉重量的0.001~30%,最佳为0.1~10%。所述生物材料都是已有商品。
采取上述措施的本发明,是采用现代食品加工的先进工艺与传统贝类调味品生产的工艺有机结合,整个生产过程中不添加任何化学性添加剂,但同时能够最大限度地保留牡蛎原有的自然鲜香味,同时能够去除海鲜常产生的腥臭味。整个生产过程中工艺简单、质量易控、耗能较少、并且整个生产过程中无任何有机废物排放。本发明的关键原理是先用高温蒸汽迅速杀灭牡蛎肉中会引起腐败和腥味的杂菌,同时在整个生产过程中注意环境及器具的灭菌及杜绝新的污染微生物的沾染。直接投入可控的复合微生物制剂,依靠微生物产生的天然酶类对牡蛎进行深度分解,增加牡蛎膏液中的可溶氨基酸及游离氨基酸的含量,反应过程中会抑制和分解常规牡蛎提取物中易产生的腥味,并且能形成增香物质,产品未引入其它本身有香味的调味物质,如核苷酸类、谷氨酸类、中药调味品类,产品保留了牡蛎的鲜香,也能够更容易地与其它调味物质复配产生新的调味产品。
具体实施方式
实施例1
取牡蛎肉100千克,放入专用的蒸锅内,通入100℃蒸汽,经过5分钟后,将肉及蒸煮后产生的牡蛎汁一起收集后,趁热转入用蒸汽灭菌过的研磨机中,在60-100℃的温度下研磨至浆状,再将牡蛎浆汁一起转入一个蒸汽灭菌后的不锈钢容器中,降温至37℃,按牡蛎鲜肉重量的1%投入由生香酵母和产酯酵母制备的复合微生物菌液1千克,菌群浓度为200万cfu/ml,搅拌均匀后静置缺氧发酵,发酵过程中保持缺氧状态,容器内外是通过一个带0.22μm微孔滤膜的泄气孔相通的,外面空气可以与容器相通,但空气中的细菌无法直接进入,在25℃下发酵7天后,用20目的筛网过滤,滤过液用高压均质机均质后装瓶,进行高温二次灭菌,即可得到成品。
实施例2:
取牡蛎肉100千克,放入专用的蒸锅车内,通入100℃蒸汽,经过10分钟后,将肉及蒸煮后产生的牡蛎汁一起收集后趁热转入用蒸汽灭菌过的研磨机中,60-100℃的温度下研磨至浆状,再将牡蛎浆汁一起转入一个蒸汽灭菌后的不锈钢发酵容器中,按牡蛎鲜肉重量的10%投入由生香酵母、产酯酵母、酿酒酵母制备的复合微生物菌液10千克,菌群浓度为50000万cfu/ml,搅拌均匀后静置缺氧发酵,发酵过程中保持缺氧状态,容器内外是通过一个带0.22μm微孔滤膜的泄气孔相通的,外面空气可以与容器相通,但空气中的细菌无法直接进入,在15℃下发酵20天后,用20目的筛网过滤,滤过液用高压均质机均质后装瓶,进行高温二次灭菌,即可得到成品。
实施例3
取牡蛎肉100千克,放入专用的蒸锅车内,通入100℃蒸汽,经过10分钟后,将肉及蒸煮后产生的牡蛎汁一起收集后趁热转入用蒸汽灭菌过的研磨机中,60-100℃的温度下研磨至浆状,再将牡蛎浆汁一起转入一个蒸汽灭菌后的不锈钢发酵容器中,按牡蛎鲜肉重量的10%投入由枯草芽胞杆菌制备的复合微生物菌液10千克,菌群浓度为1000万cfu/ml,搅拌均匀后静置缺氧发酵,发酵过程中保持缺氧状态,容器内外是通过一个带0.22μm微孔滤膜的泄气孔相通的,外面空气可以与容器相通,但空气中的细菌无法直接进入,在30℃下发酵6天后,用20目的筛网过滤,滤过液用高压均质机均质后装瓶,进行高温二次灭菌,即可得到成品。

Claims (1)

1.一种以牡蛎为原料生产天然调味品的方法,其特征在于所述方法包括下述具体技术步骤:
(1)将开壳后的牡蛎肉,放入常压高温蒸汽笼内,通入90-100℃高温蒸汽蒸煮5-10分钟,将牡蛎肉蒸熟、灭菌,趁热将蒸后的牡蛎汁及牡蛎肉转移至已经用蒸汽消毒过的研磨器中在60-100℃的温度下研磨至浆状;
(2)将牡蛎浆及牡蛎汁趁热转入灭菌后的不锈钢容器中冷却,冷却至37℃时加入以酵母菌为主的复合微生物菌液,搅拌均匀后半密闭静置缺氧发酵,但要留有带0.22μm微孔滤膜的泄气孔,无菌空气能进入发酵室;
(3)5-37℃条件下静置缺氧发酵5-20天,用20目筛网过滤,将滤液经高压均质后装瓶,在90-100℃高温下进行二次灭菌即得;
所述以酵母菌为主的复合微生物菌液,指的是由生香酵母、产酯酵母、酿酒酵母或枯草芽孢杆菌中的一种、两种或两种以上的任意配比制备而成的复合微生物菌液,复合微生物菌液的菌群浓度为200~50000万cfu/ml,复合微生物菌液的添加量为牡蛎鲜肉重量的0.001~30%,最佳为0.1~10%。
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CN102160659A (zh) * 2011-03-31 2011-08-24 康勇明 一种调味牡蛎及其生产方法
CN102379410A (zh) * 2011-10-28 2012-03-21 海南椰岛(集团)股份有限公司 利用贝类及其副产品制备营养型调味品的方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1528190A (zh) * 2003-10-10 2004-09-15 大连轻工业学院 牡蛎多元海鲜调味料及其制备方法
JP2007075070A (ja) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-29 Sapporo Breweries Ltd 酵母エキスの製造方法
CN101536764A (zh) * 2009-02-25 2009-09-23 广东海洋大学 一种牡蛎鲜味调味料的制造方法
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CN102379410A (zh) * 2011-10-28 2012-03-21 海南椰岛(集团)股份有限公司 利用贝类及其副产品制备营养型调味品的方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105265940A (zh) * 2015-03-11 2016-01-27 中国海洋大学 一种贮藏稳定的高温高压海参及其制备方法

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