CN104171553A - Meat duck compound feed with nitrogen emission reduction function and preparation method of meat duck compound feed - Google Patents
Meat duck compound feed with nitrogen emission reduction function and preparation method of meat duck compound feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN104171553A CN104171553A CN201410325888.6A CN201410325888A CN104171553A CN 104171553 A CN104171553 A CN 104171553A CN 201410325888 A CN201410325888 A CN 201410325888A CN 104171553 A CN104171553 A CN 104171553A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a meat duck compound feed with a nitrogen emission reduction function and a preparation method of the meat duck compound feed. The meat duck compound feed comprises the following components in percent by weight: 50-65 percent of corn, 4-15 percent of barley, 4-24 percent of bean pulp, 0-10 percent of rapeseed dregs, 3-10 percent of vinegar residue, 0.1-0.25 percent of methionine, 0.1-0.25 percent of lysine, 0.05-0.15 percent of choline, 1-2 percent of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.6-1 percent of mountain flour, 0.1-0.6 percent of vitamin premix and 0.1-0.6 percent of microelement premix. According to the meat duck compound feed disclosed by the invention, through regulating components and contents of meat duck compound feed, the nitrogen emission in a meat duck raising process is reduced when the growth performance of a meat duck is not influenced, thus the feed cost of the meat duck can be reduced, the pollution of meat duck raising to the environment can be greatly reduced, and a good economic benefit and a social benefit are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of meat duck compound feed and preparation method thereof, belong to feed product technical field, refer in particular to a kind of meat duck compound feed with nitrogen reduction of discharging function and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China is maximum in the world duck producing country.In recent years, in economy, under the situation of fast development, meat duck cultivation scale expands rapidly, and meat duck breeding stock and the amount of butchering are every year on average with 5%～8% speed increase.According to FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) (FAO) statistics, within 2009, world's duck breeding stock is 11.73 hundred million, and wherein the breeding stock of China duck is 7.71 hundred million, accounts for 65.7% of the total breeding stock in the world.2011, China's meat duck breeding stock reached 15.25 hundred million, delivers 39.4 hundred million for sale, accounted for always the more than 80% of the amount of delivering for sale of the world.Along with the development of aquaculture, support duck the same with other livestock and poultry of cultivation, when bringing tremendous economic interests, also produce a lot of discarded objects, affect environmental quality.Wherein in feces of livestock and poultry, too much nitrogen has become the source that atmosphere, water body and even soil etc. pollute, and polluted by nitrogen has become the focus that people pay close attention to.
On the other hand, vinegar grain is that solid state fermentation is produced the byproduct in vinegar process.At present, the annual vinegar grain output of China's vinegar manufacturing enterprise is 200 tons of left and right.According to current research, the conventional nutritional labeling that vinegar grain contains has: thick protein 8.3～18.3%, crude fat 10.6～14.5%, crude fibre 28.2～37.1%, calcium 0.19～0.44%, phosphorus 0.04～0.11%.In addition, in vinegar grain, also contain the organic acids such as acetic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid and KG.Research on laying hen shows, appropriate vinegar grain can reduce the discharge of laying hen nitrogen in the situation that not affecting performance in layers.Existing data shows, vinegar grain can be for the preparation of meat duck compound feed, but still reduces the nitrogen discharged relevant report of meat duck without any vinegar grain at present and document is recorded.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome shortcoming of the prior art with not enough, a kind of meat duck compound feed with nitrogen reduction of discharging function is provided, by regulating component and the content of meat duck compound feed, make meat duck compound feed in not affecting meat duck growth performance, reduce the discharge capacity of nitrogen in meat duck breeding process, the feed cost of meat duck can be reduced like this, the pollution on the environment of meat duck cultivation can be greatly reduced again.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned meat duck compound feed, and easily convenient, cost is low, profitable.
In order to realize first object, the present invention realizes according to following technical scheme:
Have the meat duck compound feed that nitrogen reduces discharging function, it comprises the component of following mass percent: corn 50～65%, barley 4～15%, dregs of beans 4～24%, rapeseed dregs 0～10%, vinegar grain 3～10%, methionine 0.1～0.25%, lysine 0.1～0.25%, choline 0.05～0.15%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1～2%, stone flour 0.6～1%, vitamin premix 0.1～0.6%, microelement pre-mix material 0.1～0.6%.
The meat duck compound feed further, with nitrogen reduction of discharging function comprises the component of following mass percent: corn 58～64%, barley 6～12%, dregs of beans 4～20%, rapeseed dregs 0～9%, vinegar grain 3～8%, methionine 0.1～0.2%, lysine 0.1～0.2%, choline 0.1%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1～2%, stone flour 0.6～1%, vitamin premix 0.5%, microelement pre-mix material 0.5%.
The meat duck compound feed further, with nitrogen reduction of discharging function comprises the component of following mass percent: corn 61.3%, barley 9.75%, dregs of beans 19.2%, rapeseed dregs 0%, vinegar grain 6%, methionine 0.15%, lysine 0.15%, choline 0.1%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1.2%, stone flour 0.8%, vitamin premix 0.5%, microelement pre-mix material 0.5%.
Further, every kilogram of the described vitamin premix material mixing and stirring by following quality forms: dehydroretinol .4g, vitamin D
30.8g, vitamin E 8g, vitamin K 0.4g, Cobastab
10.3g, Cobastab
21.6g, nicotinic acid 10g, calcium pantothenate 2g, Cobastab
60.6g, Cobastab
120.004g, biotin 0.04g, folic acid 0.2g, defatted rice bran 973.656g.Further, every kilogram of the described microelement pre-mix material material mixing and stirring by following quality forms: cupric sulfate pentahydrate 6.35g, ferrous sulfate monohydrate 40g, manganese sulfate monohydrate 67.8g, monohydrate zinc sulphate 33.8g, sodium selenite 0.134g, KI 0.058g, CoCL2 6H2O 0.124g, zeolite powder 851.734g.
In order to realize second object, the present invention realizes according to following technical scheme:
A preparation method for meat duck compound feed, it comprises the following steps:
S1, take raw material, mix, then mixed raw material is pulverized;
S2, by pulverize after raw material under steam atmosphere, modulate, then by modulation after raw material granulation;
S3, by granulated meal dry, cooling, be packaged into bag.
Further, in described S1 step, batch mixing is in mixer, to mix 150～210 seconds, and the raw material after pulverizing need pass through the screen cloth of 1.5～2.2mm.
Further, in described S2 step, modulation is to complete in preparer, and the raw material after pulverizing is modulated 3～5 minutes under 85～95 DEG C of steam atmospheres.
Further, in described S2 step, granulation is to complete in granulator, and the raw material after modulation is pushed to granulation under 90～100 DEG C of conditions.
Further, in described S3 step, the feed of granulation is dried under 75～90 DEG C of conditions.
Compared with prior art, its beneficial effect is in the present invention:
The present invention is by regulating component and the content of meat duck compound feed, make meat duck compound feed in not affecting meat duck growth performance, reduce the discharge capacity of nitrogen in meat duck breeding process, can reduce like this feed cost of meat duck, the pollution on the environment that can greatly reduce again the cultivation of meat duck, has good economic benefit and social benefit.
In order to understand more clearly the present invention, below will elaborate the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The preparation method of the meat duck compound feed with nitrogen reduction of discharging function of the present invention includes following steps:
S1, take raw material, raw material is mixed in mixer to 150～210 seconds to mix, then mixed raw material is pulverized, the raw material after pulverizing need pass through the screen cloth of 1.5～2.2mm;
S2, by pulverize after raw material under steam atmosphere, modulate, modulation is to complete in preparer, by pulverize after raw material under 85～95 DEG C of steam atmospheres, modulate 3～5 minutes; By the raw material granulation after modulation, granulation is to complete in granulator again, and the raw material after modulation is pushed to granulation under 90～100 DEG C of conditions;
S3, granulated meal is dried under 75～90 DEG C of conditions, cooling, be packaged into bag.
Contrast by meat duck compound feed and the existing meat duck compound feed of three kinds of different proportionings of the present invention below, three kinds of different proportionings of the present invention are respectively one group of experiment, two groups of experiments and test three groups, existing feed is control group, and concrete component percentages is as following table 1-1.
| Project (%) | Control group | Test one group | Test two groups | Test three groups |
| Corn | 61.3 | 61.3 | 61.3 | 61.3 |
| Barley | 12 | 10.5 | 10.2 | 9.75 |
| Dregs of beans | 6 | 14 | 16.5 | 19.2 |
| Rapeseed dregs | 8.95 | 3.05 | 1.15 | 0 |
| Cottonseed Meal | 8 | 3.6 | 2.1 | 0 |
| Vinegar grain | 0 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Methionine | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 |
| Lysine (70%) | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 |
| Salt | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 |
| Calcium monohydrogen phosphate | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Stone flour | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
| Choline | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
[0029]?
| Vitamin premix | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Microelement pre-mix material | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Add up to | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Table 1-1
Test one group, the trophic level of two groups of experiments, experiment three groups and control group as following table 1-2.
| Trophic level | Control group | Test one group | Test two groups | Test three groups |
| Metabolizable energy (MJ/kg) | 11.60 | 11.61 | 11.60 | 11.61 |
| Thick protein (%) | 15.52 | 15.54 | 15.51 | 15.51 |
| Calcium (%) | 0.78 | 0.76 | 0.75 | 0.75 |
| Total phosphorus (%) | 0.66 | 0.60 | 0.59 | 0.58 |
| Lysine (%) | 0.72 | 0.77 | 0.77 | 0.78 |
| Methionine (%) | 0.42 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.40 |
Table 1-2
One, meat duck production performance contrast experiment:
Select the 1600 plumage healthy kind ducks of 21 ages in days (male and female half and half) to be divided at random 4 processing, 4 repetitions of each processing, each repetition 100 plumages.
Above-mentioned kind of duck adopts ground stable breeding, and each repetition is a hurdle.Artificial continuous light, duck shed gravity-flow ventilation, 26～31 DEG C of duration of test temperature, relative humidity 55～75%.Examination duck free choice feeding and drinking-water, feeding time is 21～49 ages in days.
Weigh on an empty stomach for trying duck and 21 ages in days and 49 ages in days, to measure its average daily gain.Duration of test records the health status of duck every day, and to repeat, as unit record feed consumption, calculating average daily ingestion amount.Calculate feedstuff-meat ratio according to the data of searching for food and increase weight of duck, as following table 1-3.Test data adopts the GLM program of SAS8.2 to carry out variance analysis, and significant difference person carries out multiple ratio.Data represent with mean+SD.P value is less than 0.01 for difference is extremely remarkable, and P is greater than 0.01 and be less than 0.05 for significant difference.
Table 1-3
Note: the different lowercase alphabets of colleague's shoulder mark show significant difference (P < 0.05).
From table 1-3, testing one group does not have significant difference with two groups of tests with the production performance of control group kind duck, and the average daily gain of three groups of kinds of ducks of test is significantly higher than control group, and material anharmonic ratio is significantly lower than control group.Result shows, tests three groups of daily rations and has improved the production performance of duck, test one group and test the productivity of two groups of meat ducks suitable with the production performance of control group meat duck.
Two, nitrogen balance test comparison
Select 28 ages in days kind duck, 96 plumages (male and female half and half), it is divided into 4 processing at random, each processing is divided into 6 repetitions, each repetition 4 plumages.One of them group existing daily ration of feeding, other three groups one group of feeding trial, two groups of tests and three groups of daily rations of test (specifically seeing the table 1-1 of production performance comparison test) respectively.
In test duck metabolic cage, carry out single cage raising.The phase of raising is 7 days in advance.According to how many every days of the free choice feeding amount of duck by feed 8:00 in morning and afternoon 2:00 feed intake for twice, freely drink water.Indoor temperature remains on 26～31 DEG C, and relative humidity remains in 55～75% scopes.
The sample collection time is 5 days.Fecaluria gathers first 12 hours and stops feeding, and dropping tray is cleaned up.After feeding, clean dropping tray is placed under cage, place mat Polypropylence Sheet also starts to collect excreta.After feeding for the last time, empty feed trough, and continue to collect the fecaluria of 12 hours.To repeat collecting a fecaluria as unit every 3 hours, blow away in time the scurf being scattered on Polypropylence Sheet, and sort out the foreign material such as feather and feed that are scattered, the fecaluria of collection is inserted to sealing in refrigerator immediately and preserve.The fecaluria of every day is fully mixed and measured after its pH, in each sample, add the hydrochloric acid of 10mL25% to prevent ammonia volatilization.After the fecaluria of 5 days being mixed after due-in assembly bundle, get 200g and be placed in 65 DEG C of oven dry of baking oven to measure moisture, total nitrogen, total energy, separately get 200g and be placed in refrigerator and cooled and freeze preservation with determine uric acid and ammoniacal nitrogen.Simultaneously the feed consumption of accurate recording every day, gathers Feed Sample, to be measured.
Calculate the digestibility (as following table 2-1) of each test group duck to energy, dry and thick protein, the excretion of duck to nitrogen and UAN and the excretion rate of nitrogen (as following table 2-2).
The computing formula of deposition nitrogen: the nitrogen that deposition nitrogen=absorption nitrogen-fecaluria is discharged.Test data adopts the GLM program in SAS statistical analysis software to carry out variance analysis, and multiple ratio is used Deng Kenshi (Duncan) method.
| Project | Control group | Test one group | Test two groups | Test three groups |
| Dry (%) | 69.1±0.4c | 71.6±0.3bc | 72.0±0.4b | 73.2±0.5a |
| Total energy (%) | 74.7±0.6b | 76.4±0.4a | 75.7±0.6ab | 75.4±0.7ab |
| Thick protein (%) | 43.1±0.7c | 46.3±0.4b | 46.5±0.6ab | 47.3±0.4a |
Table 2-1
Note: the different lowercase alphabets of colleague's shoulder mark show significant difference (P < 0.05).
Table 2-2
Note: the different lowercase alphabets of colleague's shoulder mark show significant difference (P < 0.05).
From table 2-1, compared with control group, test two groups and test three groups of daily rations and significantly improved the digestibility (P < 0.05) of time duck dry; The digestibility of testing the total energy of a group is significantly higher than control group (P < 0.05), but not significantly (P > 0.05) of difference between three groups of one group of test, two groups of tests and tests.Test one group, test two groups and test three groups of thick protein digestibility be significantly higher than control group (P < 0.05).
From table 2-2, test one group, two groups of tests and test the excretion rate of three groups of nitrogen significantly lower than control group (P < 0.05); Test the excretion of one group of duck nitrogen significantly lower than control group (P < 0.05), but not significantly (P > 0.05) of difference between three groups of one group of test, two groups of tests and tests; Test one group, test two groups and test three groups of thick nitrogen excretion rate significantly lower than control group (P < 0.05).
Result shows, compared with control group, tests one group, two groups of tests and three groups of feeds of test and kind duck is all had to nitrogen reduces discharging function.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, if various changes of the present invention or modification are not departed to the spirit and scope of the present invention, if within these changes and modification belong to claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies scope, the present invention is also intended to comprise these changes and modification.
Claims (10)
1. there is the meat duck compound feed that nitrogen reduces discharging function, it is characterized in that comprising the component of following mass percent:
Corn 50～65%, barley 4～15%, dregs of beans 4～24%, rapeseed dregs 0～10%, vinegar grain 3～10%, methionine 0.1～0.25%, lysine 0.1～0.25%, choline 0.05～0.15%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1～2%, stone flour 0.6～1%, vitamin premix 0.1～0.6%, microelement pre-mix material 0.1～0.6%.
2. a kind of according to claim 1 have nitrogen and reduce discharging the meat duck compound feed of function, it is characterized in that comprising the component of following mass percent:
Corn 58～64%, barley 6～12%, dregs of beans 4～20%, rapeseed dregs 0～9%, vinegar grain 3～8%, methionine 0.1～0.2%, lysine 0.1～0.2%, choline 0.1%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1～2%, stone flour 0.6～1%, vitamin premix 0.5%, microelement pre-mix material 0.5%.
3. according to a kind of meat duck compound feed with nitrogen reduction of discharging function described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that comprising the component of following mass percent:
Corn 61.3%, barley 9.75%, dregs of beans 19.2%, rapeseed dregs 0%, vinegar grain 6%, methionine 0.15%, lysine 0.15%, choline 0.1%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1.2%, stone flour 0.8%, vitamin premix 0.5%, microelement pre-mix material 0.5%.
4. there is nitrogen and reduce discharging the meat duck compound feed of function according to a kind of described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that every kilogram of the described vitamin premix material mixing and stirring by following quality forms: dehydroretinol .4g, vitamin D
30.8g, vitamin E 8g, vitamin K 0.4g, Cobastab
10.3g, Cobastab
21.6g, nicotinic acid 10g, calcium pantothenate 2g, Cobastab
60.6g, Cobastab
120.004g, biotin 0.04g, folic acid 0.2g, defatted rice bran 973.656g.
5. according to a kind of meat duck compound feed with nitrogen reduction of discharging function described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that every kilogram of the described microelement pre-mix material material mixing and stirring by following quality forms: cupric sulfate pentahydrate 6.35g, ferrous sulfate monohydrate 40g, manganese sulfate monohydrate 67.8g, monohydrate zinc sulphate 33.8g, sodium selenite 0.134g, KI 0.058g, CoCL2 6H2O 0.124g, zeolite powder 851.734g.
6. the preparation method of meat duck compound feed as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
S1, take raw material, mix, then mixed raw material is pulverized;
S2, by pulverize after raw material under steam atmosphere, modulate, then by modulation after raw material granulation;
S3, by granulated meal dry, cooling, be packaged into bag.
7. the preparation method of meat duck compound feed according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in described S1 step, batch mixing is in mixer, to mix 150～210 seconds, the raw material after pulverizing need pass through the screen cloth of 1.5～2.2mm.
8. the preparation method of meat duck compound feed according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in described S2 step, modulation is to complete in preparer, and the raw material after pulverizing is modulated 3～5 minutes under 85～95 DEG C of steam atmospheres.
9. the preparation method of meat duck compound feed according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in described S2 step, granulation is to complete in granulator, and the raw material after modulation is pushed to granulation under 90～100 DEG C of conditions.
10. the preparation method of meat duck compound feed according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in described S3 step, the feed of granulation is dried under 75～90 DEG C of conditions.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104642809A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-05-27 | 广东恒兴饲料实业股份有限公司 | Grain-saving type meat duck compound feed as well as preparation method and using method thereof |
| CN104642808A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-05-27 | 广东恒兴饲料实业股份有限公司 | Grain-saving type compound feed for laying duck at egg producing period and using method for grain-saving type compound feed |
| CN104664171A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-03 | 佛山市海航饲料有限公司 | Later-stage meat duck feed for improving quality of duck meat |
| CN108522813A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-14 | 四川铁骑力士实业有限公司 | A kind of black duck duck special compound feed of finishing period and its preparation method and application |
| CN111820315A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-10-27 | 安徽省天可饲料有限公司 | Meat duck fermented feed |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104642809A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-05-27 | 广东恒兴饲料实业股份有限公司 | Grain-saving type meat duck compound feed as well as preparation method and using method thereof |
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| CN104664171B (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2017-06-16 | 佛山市海航饲料有限公司 | A kind of meat duck later stage feed for improving meat quality is preparing the application in reducing duck body subcutaneous fat rate and duck body chest muscle system water rate feed |
| CN108522813A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-14 | 四川铁骑力士实业有限公司 | A kind of black duck duck special compound feed of finishing period and its preparation method and application |
| CN111820315A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-10-27 | 安徽省天可饲料有限公司 | Meat duck fermented feed |
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Application publication date: 20141203 |
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