CN104157733B - 一种氧化钇硫化铋复合太阳能薄膜的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种氧化钇硫化铋复合太阳能薄膜的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种氧化钇硫化铋复合太阳能薄膜的制备方法。该方法是在导电玻璃衬底的一个侧面沉积有一层掺镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er），然后将Y2O3:Yb-Er薄膜上通过离子交换法沉积硫化铋薄膜，该复合薄膜在近红外有光电流响应。制备的复合薄膜均匀致密，是对近红外光有响应的复合太阳能薄膜。该薄膜材料在980纳米激光器下，有明显的光电流响应。本发明工艺方法简单、原料易得、成本低，能耗低，无毒，可以在常温常压操作，有希望进行工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种氧化钇硫化铋复合太阳能薄膜的制备方法。
背景技术
随着能源危机的到来，人们对清洁能源，绿色能源的应用研究成为热点，太阳能是清洁绿色的能源之一，但大部分太阳能电池只吸收所有可见光及紫外光部分，然而由太阳光能量分布知，约52%的红外光不能用与光催化，因此如果通过上转换材料将红外光转换为可见光用于太阳能电池具有很大的研究价值，本发明专利第一次采用电化学沉积法，将上转换薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er）与太阳能电池薄膜（Bi2S3）结合，实现了近红外响应。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足，提出一种氧化钇硫化铋复合太阳能薄膜的制备方法。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：一种氧化钇硫化铋复合太阳能薄膜的制备方法，步骤如下：
1）将硝酸钇，硝酸镱，硝酸铒分别配成浓度为0.1mol/L的水溶液，并按照体积比为72~94:6~25:1~5混合，作为电镀镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er）电镀溶液；
2）以导电玻璃ITO为工作电极，铂金电极为对电极，Ag/AgCl/饱和KCl溶液电极为参比电极，在导电玻璃上进行薄膜沉积：将三电极插入步骤1配置的镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er）的电镀溶液溶液中，在30-80°C下沉积10分钟~1小时，沉积电压为-0.8V~-1.2V(vsAg/AgCl/KCl参比电极)；将得到的薄膜清洗并干燥，然后在300-600°C下热处理30分钟-4小时，在ITO上沉积得到镱掺铒氧化钇（Y2O3:Yb-Er）上转换薄膜；
3）将步骤2得到的带有镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜的ITO浸入浓度为0.0001~0.001mol/L的硝酸铋溶液中5~30秒，然后移入去离子水中10~20秒，然后浸入浓度为0.0002~0.002mol/L硝酸铋溶液中5-30秒，再浸入去离子水中10-20秒
4）重复若干次步骤3，得到复合太阳能薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er/Bi2S3）。
本发明具有的有益效果是：
本发明通过简单的电化学沉积方法和离子交换法过程，制得一种新型氧化钇硫化铋近红外响应的复合太阳能薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er/Bi2S3），该复合薄膜，在980nm激光器下，有光电流响应。本发明工艺方法简单、原料易得、成本低，能耗低，无毒，便于工业化生产。
附图说明
图1是氧化钇硫化铋复合太阳能薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er/Bi2S3）的制备流程图；
图2是实施例1所得产物的XRD谱图：a为单纯氧化钇的薄膜XRD，b为单纯硫化铋薄膜，c为氧化钇硫化铋复合薄膜；
图3复合薄膜电镜照片图：图3a和3b为实施例1制备的镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er）上转换薄膜热处理前后的电镜照片，图3c为实施例1得到的氧化钇硫化铋复合太阳能薄膜的表面电镜照片；图3d实施例2得到的氧化钇硫化铋复合太阳能薄膜的电镜图；
图4镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er）和复合太阳能薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er/Bi2S3）光致发光发射光谱图；
图5氧化钇硫化铋复合太阳能薄膜在980激光器下的光电流响应曲线图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，本发明在导电玻璃衬底的一个侧面沉积有一层掺镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er），然后将Y2O3:Yb-Er薄膜上通过离子交换法沉积硫化铋薄膜。该薄膜材料在在980nm激光器下，有光电流响应。
实施例1
一种氧化钇硫化铋复合太阳能薄膜的制备方法，步骤如下：
1）将硝酸钇，硝酸镱，硝酸铒分别配成浓度为0.1mol/L的溶液，按照体积比为72:6:1的进行混合，作为电镀镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er）电镀溶液。
2）以导电玻璃ITO为工作电极，铂金电极为对电极，Ag/AgCl/饱和KCl溶液电极为参比电极，在导电玻璃上进行薄膜沉积：将三电极插入步骤1配置的镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er）的电镀溶液溶液中，在30°C下沉积1小时，沉积电压为-0.8V(vsAg/AgCl/KCl参比电极)；将得到的薄膜清洗并干燥，然后在300°C下热处理4小时，得到镱掺铒氧化钇（Y2O3:Yb-Er）上转换薄膜。图2（a）为其热处理后的XRD，证明其为氧化钇薄膜。图3a为沉积后的氧化钇薄膜电镜图为片状，图3b为热处理后的氧化钇薄膜电镜图，为片状，有分层。
3）将步骤2得到的带有镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜的ITO浸入0.001的硝酸铋溶液中5秒，然后移入去离子水中10秒，然后浸入0.002mol/L硝酸铋溶液中5秒，然后再浸入去离子水中10秒，如此循环50次，得到复合太阳能薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er/Bi2S3）。制备的复合薄膜，是对近红外光有响应的复合太阳能薄膜。
图2c为复合薄膜的XRD图，从图中可以看出，为氧化钇和硫化铋复合物。图3c为复合薄膜的电镜图，从图中可以看出，硫化铋颗粒在氧化钇的表面生长，为颗粒物。图4为镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er）和复合太阳能薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er/Bi2S3）光致发光发射光谱的比较，从图中看出，上转换的可见光被硫化铋有效吸收。
实施例2
一种氧化钇硫化铋复合太阳能薄膜的制备方法，步骤如下：
1）将硝酸钇，硝酸镱，硝酸铒分别配成浓度为0.1mol/L的溶液，按照体积比为94:25:5的进行混合，作为电镀镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er）电镀溶液。
2）以导电玻璃ITO为工作电极，铂金电极为对电极，Ag/AgCl/饱和KCl溶液电极为参比电极，在导电玻璃上进行薄膜沉积：将三电极插入步骤1配置的镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er）的电镀溶液溶液中，在80°C下沉积10分钟，沉积电压为-1.2V(vsAg/AgCl/KCl参比电极)；将得到的薄膜清洗并干燥，然后在600°C下热处理30分钟，得到镱掺铒氧化钇（Y2O3:Yb-Er）上转换薄膜。
3）将步骤2得到的带有镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜的ITO浸入0.0001mol/L的硝酸铋溶液中30秒，然后移入去离子水中20秒，然后浸入0.0002mol/L硝酸铋溶液中5-30秒，然后再浸入去离子水中20秒，如此循环80次，得到复合太阳能薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er/Bi2S3）。图3d为复合薄膜的电镜图，从图中可以看出，硫化铋颗粒在氧化钇的表面生长，为颗粒物。图5为复合薄膜在980nm激光器下的光电流曲线，可以看出，该薄膜在有近红外响应的太阳能电池薄膜。
实施例3
一种氧化钇硫化铋复合太阳能薄膜的制备方法，步骤如下：
1）将硝酸钇，硝酸镱，硝酸铒分别配成浓度为0.1mol/L的溶液，按照体积比为82:17:3的进行混合，作为电镀镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er）电镀溶液。
2）以导电玻璃ITO为工作电极，铂金电极为对电极，Ag/AgCl/饱和KCl溶液电极为参比电极，在导电玻璃上进行薄膜沉积：将三电极插入步骤1配置的镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er）的电镀溶液溶液中，在50°C下沉积30分钟，沉积电压为-1.0V(vsAg/AgCl/KCl参比电极)；将得到的薄膜清洗并干燥，然后在450°C下热处理2小时，得到镱掺铒氧化钇（Y2O3:Yb-Er）上转换薄膜。
3）将步骤2得到的带有镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜的ITO浸入0.0005mol/L的硝酸铋溶液中15秒，然后移入去离子水中15秒，然后浸入0.0008mol/L硝酸铋溶液中15秒，然后再浸入去离子水中15秒，如此循环多次，得到复合太阳能薄膜（Y2O3:Yb-Er/Bi2S3）。制备的复合薄膜，是对近红外光有响应的复合太阳能薄膜。
Claims (1)
1.一种氧化钇硫化铋复合太阳能薄膜的制备方法，其特征在于，该方法的步骤如下：
1）将硝酸钇，硝酸镱，硝酸铒分别配成浓度为0.1mol/L的水溶液，并按照体积比为72~94:6~25:1~5混合，作为电镀镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜电镀溶液；
2）以导电玻璃ITO为工作电极，铂金电极为对电极，Ag/AgCl/饱和KCl溶液电极为参比电极，在导电玻璃上进行薄膜沉积：将三电极插入步骤1配置的镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜的电镀溶液溶液中，在30-80°C下沉积10分钟~1小时，沉积电压为-0.8V~-1.2V；将得到的薄膜清洗并干燥，然后在300-600°C下热处理30分钟-4小时，在ITO上沉积得到镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜；
3）将步骤2得到的带有镱掺铒氧化钇上转换薄膜的ITO浸入浓度为0.0001~0.001mol/L的硝酸铋溶液中5~30秒，然后移入去离子水中10~20秒，然后浸入浓度为0.0002~0.002mol/L硝酸铋溶液中5-30秒，再浸入去离子水中10-20秒；
4）重复50或80次步骤3，得到复合太阳能薄膜。
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