CN104153352B - Karst geology rotary-drilling bored concrete pile hole forming process - Google Patents
Karst geology rotary-drilling bored concrete pile hole forming process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a karst geology rotary-drilling bored concrete pile hole forming process which includes the steps of 1, leveling a field; 2, paying off at a pile foundation; 3, setting a rotary drilling machine in place; 4, embedding a pile casing; 5, preparing mud stabilizing liquid and filling the mud stabilizing liquid into the pile casing; 6, forming holes by means of rotary drilling (with requirements of reducing drilling speed when drilling in karst caves or half rocks, otherwise, drilling to reach designed elevation ); 7, performing primary cleaning of holes and hole depth checking; 8, mounting a reinforced cage and a conduit; 9, performing secondary cleaning through air-lift reverse circulation; 10, pouring underwater concrete (while preparing extra 30-40 cubic meters of concrete with consideration of karst caves so as to prevent pile scrap caused by breakdown of the karst caves and sharp sinking of concrete); and 11, forming a pile and removing the pile casing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pile foundation construction process, specifically, it is related to a kind of Karst Geological Landscape rotary digging pouring pile hole work
Skill.
Background technology
Rotary digging drilling hole bored concrete pile construction technology is the pile foundation construction process of rising in recent years.At present, existing rotary digging drilling hole
Construction process of bored concrete pile is：Smooth location → stake position unwrapping wire → rotary drilling rig is in place → embedded casing → casing in supplement stabilizing solution
→ spiral-digging pore → borehole cleaning, check hole depth → installation steel reinforcement cage and conduit → secondary pile hole cleaning → pour underwater concrete → pile,
Extract casing.Existing construction technology quality control standard and construction technology technical standard also do not have specifically national engineering method mark
Accurate.Existing construction technology is for general geological condition, if indiscriminately imitated in the complex karst area of geological condition
The rotary digging drilling hole bored concrete pile construction technology of general geology will occur different problems, and topmost problem has hole scattering, card
Bore, drill bit drops, borehole cleaning is not thorough and broken pile and useless stake phenomenon etc..Install that stability in place is poor due to rig, operation when
Rig is installed the reasons such as unstable or drill pipe buckling, ground is weak or soft or hard is uneven and is led to hole scattering；Due to solution cavity and one side of something
The presence of rock, if not noting during rotary digging drilling, may result in bit freezing or the problems such as drill bit drops；During the spiral-digging pore of karst region
The carg producing is more than in general geology, borehole cleaning not thorough phenomenon will occur with general borehole cleaning mode, thus meeting
Lead to pile bottom sediment more, have a strong impact on the quality of pile foundation；Due to the presence of solution cavity, in casting concrete it is possible that molten
Hole is breakdown, leads to concrete drastically to decline, thus broken pile and useless stake phenomenon.
Content of the invention
In order to overcome defect present in prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of Karst Geological Landscape rotary digging pouring pile hole work
Skill.Its technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of Karst Geological Landscape rotary digging pouring pile hole technique, comprises the following steps：
1) levelling of the land.Removing obstacles before construction, change except weak soil, grinding compacting.Planning travelling line, makes road and boring
Position maintains a certain distance and (avoids affecting wall stability, simultaneously it is also contemplated that clearing the side of the earthwork in rotary digging drilling hole construction
Just)；
2) pile foundation unwrapping wire, rotary drilling rig are in place.Line setting is carried out using total powerstation, unwrapping wire control errors are less than 1cm.Stake
Machine is positioned to accurately, and rig center of pilot line, turntable center line, pile foundation center line should be maintained at same straight line；
3) bury casing.Cross hairs is drawn to put four control stakes according to pile foundation anchor point, embedded on the basis of four control stakes
Steel sheath cylinder, cylinder is high to be typically no less than 2m, and for protecting hole wall, the height that bassets is typically no less than 0.3m；
4) supplement mud stabilizing solution in the preparation of mud stabilizing solution and casing.During the rotary digging drilling hole of karst region, boring mud is more,
So the proportion of control mud stabilizing solution is very crucial, mud balance is controlled to be not less than 1.1, viscosity 20s about, sand factor is less than
4%；
5) rotary digging drilling and forming hole.Run into and will slow down rate of penetration when solution cavity or half rock and (can be controlled in 10～20mm/
Min), it is drilled into designed elevation when not running into solution cavity or half rock；
6) borehole cleaning, an inspection hole depth.First improve drill bit to away from bottom hole 80～100mm, to input proportion be 1.05～
1.08 new mud stabilizing solution is circulated, and carries out borehole cleaning with pressure fan；
7) steel reinforcement cage and conduit are installed；
8) gas lift reverse circulation secondary pile hole cleaning.It is more thorough that reacting cycle secondary pile hole cleaning makes boring mud clear up, and pile bottom sediment is few, pile body
Quality significantly improves, and substantially reduces the borehole cleaning time, improves pore-forming efficiency；
9) pour underwater concrete.Conduit must be tightly it is ensured that conduit bottom be apart from bottom hole 30～50cm；Concrete mixes and stirs
Must uniformly, the slump controls in 18～22cm, and will ensure a certain amount of concrete beginning quantity it is ensured that back cover is successful；Coagulation
Soil pours must work continuously；Special messenger should be had in casting process to be responsible for record, it is to avoid conduit lifting is too fast or conduit embedment is too deep,
Control mouth Transducers Embedded in Concrete depth 2～6m under conduit, prevent broken pile；The top surface absolute altitude of bored concrete pile should higher than design load be not less than
60cm, to guarantee the quality of stake top concrete；
10) pile, extract casing.
Using following optimization can be done in the case of Karst Geological Landscape is using rotary digging construction process of bored concrete pile more commonly matter：(1)
During Karst Geological Landscape rotary digging drilling, when entering uneven strata, ramp-like rock stratum or encountering solution cavity or half rock, brill to be slowed down
Enter speed (caning be controlled in 10～20mm/min), keep the perpendicularity of kelly, it is to avoid bit freezing or drill bit drop.When boring is inclined
When tiltedly, drill bit can be lifted, repeatedly sweep brill several times up and down.If accompanying big boulder or solution cavity in soil layer is in ramp-like distribution, irrigate
C15 concrete more than 0.5m to inclined hole, creeps into again to after concrete final set；(2) in Karst Geological Landscape pore-forming after-pouring pile
During, complex (being likely that there are solution cavity) two piles of geological condition should be selected according to geologic report and carry out coagulation
Soil perfusion pile, when solution cavity may be breakdown under high pressure effect, thus concrete drastically decline phenomenon, leads to this
Stake becomes useless stake, can shift to an earlier date 30～40 cubes of concrete of many preparations according to a large amount of site operation experiences, (according to a large amount of site operations
Experience, if aperture does not have mud to return out when concrete perfusion, just explanation has the presence of solution cavity), there is this existing
As when can supplement concrete in time, need it is specifically intended that now necessarily can not be eager pull out conduit, it is to avoid conduit extract after
Start concrete occurs drastically to decline, conduit now will occur and be in above concrete, thus leading to useless stake.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The present invention is improved to existing rotary digging drilling hole bored concrete pile construction technology, is more suitable for geological condition relatively after improvement
For complicated karst area, the pile efficiency of karst area rotary digging bored concrete pile can be improved.Improved technology can be kept away effectively
Exempt from hole scattering and occur timely solving skew problems during drilling rod deflection；Occur during rotary digging drilling can be effectively prevented from
Bit freezing and drill bit drop problem；Can be effectively prevented from because borehole cleaning does not thoroughly lead to sediment blocked up affects bearing capacity of pile foundation；
Can be effectively prevented from because solution cavity presence leads to concrete drastically to decline makes pile foundation become useless stake.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is Karst Geological Landscape rotary digging pouring pile hole technological process of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is underwater concreting mode；
Fig. 3 is hopper switch；
Fig. 4 is concrete first watering schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description technical scheme is described in more detail.
With reference to Fig. 1, the technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：The improved spiral-digging pore in karst region fills
Note stake construction technology process be:Smooth location → stake position unwrapping wire → rotary drilling rig is in place → embedded casing → casing in supplement steady
Determine liquid → spiral-digging pore (run into and will slow down rate of penetration during solution cavity, be drilled into designed elevation when not running into solution cavity) → borehole cleaning, inspection
Look into hole depth → installation steel reinforcement cage and conduit → gas lift reverse circulation secondary pile hole cleaning → pour underwater concrete (consider the presence of solution cavity,
Need prepare 30～40 cubes of concrete, prevent solution cavity from puncturing, concrete drastically decline lead to useless stake) → pile, extract casing.
In order to avoid hole scattering in drilling process, Spiral digging machine center of turntable during rigging up, is required to slide with lifting on drilling cramp
In same axis, drilling rod position deviation is not more than 20cm to wheel, when entering uneven strata, ramp-like rock stratum or encountering half rock,
Slow down rate of penetration.When hole scattering, drill bit can be lifted, repeatedly sweep brill several times up and down.If accompany in soil layer big boulder or
Solution cavity is in ramp-like distribution, then irrigate C15 concrete more than 0.5m to inclined hole, again creep into after concrete final set.
Need in view of molten when the complex karst area of geological condition is using rotary digging pouring pile hole construction technology
The existing problems in hole, during spiral-digging pore, when rotary digging drill bit runs into solution cavity or half rock, must slow down drilling speed
Degree, keeps the perpendicularity of kelly, it is to avoid bit freezing or drill bit drop.
Borehole cleaning work after pore-forming is very crucial, and rotary digging drilling hole bored concrete pile frequently can lead to bearing capacity because bottom hole sediment is blocked up
Reduction, has a strong impact on the quality of pile foundation, and the carg producing during the spiral-digging pore of karst region is more than in general geology, uses
General borehole cleaning mode would become hard to borehole cleaning thoroughly, thus pile bottom sediment can be led to more, the rotary digging bored concrete pile of therefore karst region exists
In time secondary pile hole cleaning is carried out using " gas lift reverse circulation " after putting into steel reinforcement cage, carrying out concreting in time after borehole cleaning will be fine
Ground solves the excessive problem of pile bottom sediment.
Pour first it is ensured that conduit has the buried depth of more than 1m during underwater concrete, concrete beginning quantity calculates schematic diagram such as
Shown in Fig. 4, beginning quantity is as follows with reference to computing formula：
In formula：V- concrete beginning quantity (m3)；
D- stake holes diameter (m)；
H1- conduit bottom is to the distance (m) of stake holes bottom, generally 0.4～0.5m；
H2The depth (m) of-first placing concrete rear tube Transducers Embedded in Concrete, generally more than 1m；
h1- stake holes inner concrete reaches H2When, the outer height (m) needed for mud pressure of conduit inner concrete column equilibration conduit；
In order to ensure when pouring underwater concrete first, conduit has the buried depth of more than 1m, underwater concreting is using as schemed
2 shown devices are poured, and by hoist cable, concrete hopper is sling with crane, conduit is connected with hopper, pour when pouring
Hopper cuts out by front hopper switch (as shown in Figure 3), treats to fill hopper by concrete that (general hopper is 3m3Left and right, stake footpath is more than
With two hoppers stacking during 2.7m) after again by hopper switch open, concrete under gravity, sweeps away along conduit
First watering back cover can be completed.In Fig. 3, hopper switch is made up of a steel disk and gusseted, puts before hopper dress concrete
Hopper switchs, and gusseted is enclosed within conduit mouth and plays a fixation, is connected with hoist cable in the middle of steel disk, treats that concrete fills
With loop wheel machine, steel disk is sling during full hopper, concrete can sweep away along conduit and can complete first watering back cover.
During perfusion bore forming, should be selected according to geologic report and be likely that there are two piles of solution cavity and carry out coagulation
Soil perfusion pile, when solution cavity may be breakdown under high pressure effect, thus concrete drastically decline phenomenon, leads to this
Stake becomes useless stake, can shift to an earlier date 30～40 cubes of concrete of many preparations according to a large amount of site operation experiences, (according to a large amount of site operations
Experience, if aperture does not have mud to return out when concrete perfusion, just explanation has the presence of solution cavity), there is this existing
As when can supplement concrete in time, need it is specifically intended that now necessarily can not be eager pull out conduit, it is to avoid conduit extract after
Starting concrete occurs drastically to decline, conduit now will occur and be in above concrete, thus leading to useless stake, taking this to arrange
Apply and can improve karst region rotary digging filling pile construction benefit to a certain extent.
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, protection scope of the present invention not limited to this, any ripe
Know those skilled in the art in the technical scope of present disclosure, the letter of the technical scheme that can become apparent to
Altered or equivalence replacement each fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of Karst Geological Landscape rotary digging pouring pile hole technique is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) levelling of the land：Removing obstacles before construction, change except weak soil, grinding compacting；Planning travelling line, makes road and bore position
Maintain a certain distance；Avoid affecting wall stability, simultaneously it is also contemplated that clearing the convenience of the earthwork in rotary digging drilling hole construction；
2) pile foundation unwrapping wire, rotary drilling rig are in place：Line setting is carried out using total powerstation, unwrapping wire control errors are less than 1cm；Stake machine is fixed
Position will accurately, and rig center of pilot line, turntable center line, pile foundation center line should be maintained at same straight line；
3) bury casing：Cross hairs is drawn to put four control stakes according to pile foundation anchor point, embedded steel shield on the basis of four control stakes
Sleeve, cylinder high not less than 2m, for protecting hole wall, the height that bassets is not less than 0.3m；
4) supplement mud stabilizing solution in the preparation of mud stabilizing solution and casing：During the rotary digging drilling hole of karst region, control mud balance
Not less than 1.1, viscosity 20s, sand factor is less than 4%；
5) rotary digging drilling and forming hole：In order to avoid hole scattering in drilling process, during rigging up require Spiral digging machine center of turntable with
On drilling cramp, in same axis, drilling rod position deviation is not more than 20cm to lifting pulley；Run into and drilling when solution cavity or half rock, will be slowed down
Speeds control, in 10～20mm/min, is drilled into designed elevation when not running into solution cavity or half rock；If accompanying big orphan in soil layer
Stone or solution cavity are in ramp-like distribution, then irrigate C15 concrete more than 0.5m to inclined hole, again creep into after concrete final set；
6) borehole cleaning, an inspection hole depth：First improving drill bit to away from bottom hole 80～100mm, inputting proportion is 1.05～1.08
New mud stabilizing solution is circulated, and carries out borehole cleaning with pressure fan；
7) steel reinforcement cage and conduit are installed；
8) gas lift reverse circulation secondary pile hole cleaning；
9) pour underwater concrete：Pour first during underwater concrete it is ensured that conduit has the buried depth of more than 1m；For guarantee to have 1m with
On buried depth, by hoist cable, concrete hopper is sling with crane when pouring, conduit is connected with hopper, pours front hopper and open
Close and hopper cut out, fill after hopper after concrete and again hopper switch is opened, concrete under gravity, along conduit
Sweep away and can complete first watering back cover；Wherein hopper switch is made up of a steel disk and gusseted, and hopper fills concrete
Put down hopper switch, gusseted is enclosed within conduit mouth and plays a fixation before, connected with hoist cable in the middle of steel disk, wait to mix
Solidifying soil is filled and with loop wheel machine, steel disk is sling during hopper, and concrete can sweep away along conduit；
Conduit must be tightly it is ensured that conduit bottom be apart from bottom hole 30～50cm；Concrete mixes and stirs must uniformly, and the slump controls
18～22cm, concreting must be worked continuously；Special messenger should be had in casting process to be responsible for record, it is to avoid conduit lifting too fast or
Conduit embedment is too deep, controls mouth Transducers Embedded in Concrete depth 2～6m under conduit, prevents broken pile；The top surface absolute altitude of bored concrete pile should ratio set
Evaluation is high to be not less than 60cm；
When pouring underwater concrete first, concrete beginning quantity computing formula is as follows：
In formula：V- concrete beginning quantity；D- stake holes diameter；H1- conduit bottom, to the distance of stake holes bottom, is 0.4～0.5m；H2-
The depth of first placing concrete rear tube Transducers Embedded in Concrete, is more than 1m；h1- stake holes inner concrete reaches H2When, mixed in conduit
The outer height needed for mud pressure of solidifying earth pillar balance pipe；
In Karst Geological Landscape pore-forming after-pouring formation of pile, should be selected according to geologic report and be likely that there are two piles of solution cavity and enter
Row filling concrete pile, 30～40 cubes of concrete of many preparations in advance, if aperture does not have mud when concrete perfusion
Slurry returns out, and just explanation has the presence of solution cavity, occurs to supplement concrete in time during this phenomenon, and can not be eager to pull out conduit；
10) pile, extract casing.
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