CN107938656A - Complexity rebuilds base pit engineering pile base construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses complexity to rebuild base pit engineering pile base construction method, its construction method includes following three kinds of situations：A, construction artificial digging pile in back fill course (loose soil bed)；B, there are the field construction punching stand column pile in basement cavity；C, construction supporting stake under complicated local environmental conditions, comprises the following steps in the step A：1. surveying setting-out, 2. drilling constructions, 3. panelling constructions, 4. whole holes examinations, 5. steel reinforcement cage systems peace, 6. inner concretes pour, the surveying setting-out includes：The coordinate and absolute altitude provided according to Party A, according to the accurate unwrapping wire of construction drawing.In the construction method of the present invention, contain construction artificial digging pile in back fill course (loose soil bed), three kinds of situations of construction supporting stake under the field construction punching stand column pile there are basement cavity and complexity local environmental conditions, can meet people any complicated and rebuild the needs of constructing in foundation pit, bring great convenience for the building-up work of people.

Description

Complexity rebuilds base pit engineering pile base construction method

Technical field

The present invention relates to piling Technology field, is specially that complexity rebuilds base pit engineering pile base construction method.

Background technology

In foundation pit support construction, the piling Technology application such as artificial digging pile, Percussion Piles is very universal, these constructions Technology is quite ripe in conventional stratum and simple surrounding enviroment, and is widely used in foundation pit supporting project, but in complexity Rebuild in pattern foundation pit supporting structure and use, the influence be subject to geological conditions and construction surrounding enviroment is limited, it is impossible to these conventional constructions Technology performs to ultimate attainment, application of the limitation ordinary pile foundation construction technology under complex geological condition and complicated surrounding enviroment, herein The logical research that base pit engineering piling Technology is rebuilded to complexity, for complicated various bad grounds and complicated surrounding enviroment, nothing Method by the change to pile foundation construction process and takes change of the technical measures to environment to make using conventional pile foundation construction process Common pile foundation construction process is suitable for the environment, by the research in terms of these, needing to be improved to construction technology, making Common application of construction technology strengthens the construction technology strength of company, summarizes to construction experience, to class in these complex environments Reference function can be played like engineering, so as to further enhance the market competitiveness.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide complexity to rebuild base pit engineering pile base construction method, to solve in above-mentioned background technology The problem of proposition.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical solution：Complexity rebuilds base pit engineering pile base construction method, its Construction method includes following three kinds of situations：

A, construction artificial digging pile in back fill course (loose soil bed)；

B, there are the field construction punching stand column pile in basement cavity；

C, construction supporting stake under complicated local environmental conditions.

Preferably, comprise the following steps in the step A：1. surveying setting-out, 2. drilling constructions, 3. panelling constructions, 4. are eventually Hole is checked and accepted, 5. steel reinforcement cage systems peace, 6. inner concretes pour.

Preferably, the surveying setting-out includes：The coordinate and absolute altitude provided according to Party A, accurately puts according to construction drawing Line, specific practice：Control line and elevation control are led to apart from the place of building 2m by datum mark, then draw lower foundation pit bottom, Gantry steel-pipe pile is set by axis position at foundation pit bottom, steel pipe squeezes into soil layer 1.5m or so, the unearthed face about 1.2m of height, in the stake of gantry Mark each axle position numbering and absolute altitude；Drilling construction includes：1), according to construction deployment, except the outer institute of digging is jumped in indivedual adjacent too near stakes There is hole stake full-face tunneling, excavated according to relevant regulations using stake is jumped, excavation needs guiding through miscellaneous fill layer, backfill layer of sand, old stake, old base Concrete, the decomposed rock of backfill are cheated, is crushed through when old stake, the concrete of old foundation pit backfill, decomposed rock using pneumatic pick, by force Degree can use static(al) explosion when too big；2), the larger stake holes in aperture is unearthed matches somebody with somebody 0.1m3 well-buckets using 3.7KW mobile winders, 2~3 workers are equipped with per complete equipment, when aperture is smaller, vertical pulling goes out cubic metre of earth and stone lifting to ground, the cubic metre of earth and stone using well-pulley is manually shaken Ground appointed place is transported to small handcart, derrick to stack, periodically hole stake is unearthed with dump truck with excavator and is transported outward after well head, Do not allow to leave remaining mud in 1.5m around well head；3), by ordinary circumstance, 1 section is dug daily per root hole stake, often section cannot be more than 1m, Reach after depth with quasi- well head retaining wall is hung in "+" word, using plummet compared with positive template, it is ensured that dado thickness is uniformly and hole stake axis pair In, and the good and sound retaining wall reinforcing bar of design requirement is pressed, poured after qualified by inspection and smash breast wall concrete, so circulation；4), first segment protects Wall answers 200~300mm above ground level, goes out along part width 500mm, is buried in aperture outer and go along with sb. to guard him railing, be higher by concrete More than 1000mm, as well head protective fence；5), retaining wall should check aperture layer by layer, and every two sections retaining wall must check pile center position And perpendicular layers are once, crooked amendment in time is found；6), the every lower digging 0.5m of hole stake, the soil property that must do not dig under device to hole make one with drill rod Secondary pricker inserts inspection, can continue lower digging after confirming situation without exception；7), since old basement backfill hole is more, rich groundwater, Sump of 1~2 deeper well as construction can be selected using drawing water in borehole well in engineering, and all stake holes keep phase as far as possible Near construction speed, draws water at the same time, in case the fast stake holes underground water of cutting depth progress can not construct greatly very much.

Preferably, double steel pile casting technique is used in the step B, it comprises the following steps：1. position measuring and absolute altitude Control, 2. embedded casings, 3. slurryings, using with management, 4. times steel pile castings and pore-forming, 5. borehole cleanings, 6. steel pile castings, steel reinforcement cage Make and installation, 7. underwater gliders.

Preferably, stake position measuring and absolute altitude control include：According to design drawing, made and constructed by professional survey crew Horizontal control network, place datum line and datum mark, measurement axis, the position of stake and the ground elevation of stake are surveyed in school, using polar coordinates Method carries out setting-out to every pile hole, and to ensure that setting-out is accurate, every pile must be positioned three times：1. in the stake of measure Site, squeezes into marker peg (basset 5~10cm), axis, stake position can be answered with relevant department and personnel after positioning Core, and note down；2. using 1.7m~1.8m diameter casings, after shield-tube embedment is good, the central point of casing is checked, is checked The deviation of stake position；3. before whole hole, repetition measurement is carried out to pile center using stake machine steel wire rope, stake position is checked, positioning is multiple three times Next process construction can be carried out after verifying conjunction design, code requirement；Embedded casing includes：Embedded casing answers accurate stable, With clay backfilling and tamped around casing：1. casing uses the steel plate processing and fabricating of 10~20mm thickness, height 1.50m or so, shield The internal diameter of cylinder is more than bit diameter 100mm~200mm, and its upper part preferably opens up the slurry mouth that overflows, and 0.35~0.30m above ground level；② Casing plays the role of positioning, protection aperture and keeps water level height difference, and therefore, the embedded of casing will be according to design stake position, by length and breadth Axis centre is buried, and by the size of casing when burying, after digging good hole, hole bottom is filled and led up, puts down casing, and position is correct on inspection, Casing body will just, directly, surrounding clay backfilling, compaction in layers, when ground backfill is loose, aperture easily caves in, should expand shield Diameter or the back-up sand concrete grout around casing are buried in the digging in cylinder hole, and shield-tube embedment depth is generally 1~1.5m；It is deeper for caving in Stake holes, shield-tube embedment depth should be increased, correction is checked after shield-tube embedment is good, casing center and pile center's deviation are not greater than 50mm；Slurrying, include using with management：1. slurrying：Mud plays the role of protecting hole wall and deslagging, quality of mud fluid control System using not collapse hole and should reach deslagging purpose as principle, and the circulatory system of mud includes：Slurrying pond, pulp storage tank, sedimentation basin and follow Annular groove etc., start drilling machine it is more when, using concentrate slurrying with for starch, with suction pump by it is main slurry pipe and hose to each stake for starch, The plasma discharge system of mud is made of main plasma discharge ditch, branch plasma discharge ditch and mud-settling pit, and the mud in sedimentation basin uses mud purification Afterwards, mud pit is pumped back to by mud, the excellent mud of quantity adequate performance, pulping must be prepared to reuse, before spudding in Mainly use bentonite or clay, water, tackifier；2. mud uses：Mud is used using the method for direct circulation, pore forming process In, mud density is preferably 1.15~1.2 in general soil layer, and viscosity is preferably 15~25s, sand factor 8~10%, and colloid rate is big In 96%, in Soft Soil Layer, mud density is preferably 1.10~1.15, and viscosity is preferably 10~20s, sand factor 4~8%, colloidization Rate is more than 96%, and when perforate is crept into, mud should suitably thicken the soup, and density is preferably 1.15~1.25, since this place is backfill, be Loose soil bed, in pore forming process, mud density is preferably 1.15~1.20, and viscosity is preferably 15~25s, and mud property refers to after borehole cleaning Pin is preferably：Mud density is preferably 1.10~1.15, and viscosity is preferably 10~20s, and sand factor is less than 6%；3. mud management was constructed Cheng Zhongying carries out the regular maintenance management of mud, and the pointers such as the proportion of mud, viscosity must be measured per hour, and in time Adjust to disclosure satisfy that construction requirement, it is ensured that pore-forming high-quality and safety, discarded mud should be by the pertinent regulations of environmental protection with slag Handled；Lower steel pile casting includes with pore-forming：Vibrated using stake machine pore-forming υ 1600 is rushed by being used behind ground to former basement floor Hammer lower υ 1600*12 steel pile castings (about 16 meters) → original basement floor to former basement bottom board use of shaking into shape and rush stake machine pore-forming υ 1400 Afterwards, used by ground to former basement bottom board and adopted under vibration hammer below υ 1400*14 steel pile castings (about 20 meters) → original basement bottom board With 1200 block stamp pore-formings of stake machine υ are rushed to projected depth, 1. to ensure that pile verticality deviation is not more than 1%, construction platform should be laid with Sleeper and platen, installation equipment should keep consolidating, is straight, horizontal, rush machine it is in place after, conscientiously to carry out centering, leveling work；Apply Aperture, hole shape and hole deviation should be often detected in work, strictly controls drilling quality, strictly holding board is steady in construction, and per tour is equal It should check board levelness；2. to ensure that in allowable deviation, block stamp diameter is checked before spudding in by technical staff for stake footpath；In rushing in Adjust mud property；3. according to formation condition, take and make full use of stratum pulping, suitably prepare the method that mud is combined Mud is manufactured, because place back fill course is thicker, and the predominantly building waste such as Cement Concrete, cement slurry, brick, with original soil pulping There may be difficult, it is necessary to manually backfill bentonite or clay pulping, increase mud density, strengthens wall stability, protects retaining wall Demonstrate,prove retaining wall effect；, it is necessary to which lower steel pile casting, avoids pore-forming hole wall collapse, in addition, manually when if artificial pulping retaining wall is still had any problem Running check mud property is also answered in construction, so as to ensure hole quality；4. pore-forming record is carried out in time, during normal pore-forming, often Hour does a drilling depth record；5. hole termination depth determines to be required according to design drawing, the saturation uniaxial compressive strength of rock sample Meet design requirement, enter rock depth and meet design requirement, actual hole depth is with the rock sample pressure testing result of advance drilling and the rock slag fished for Judge as Main Basiss；6. enter basement rock, carry out and sentence layer record, and drag for rock sample in case whole hole differentiates, in case of geology provides Material is not inconsistent with geological condition, to notify to reconnoitre immediately, design and the relevant personnel are handled；7. in block stone, Cement Concrete, brick etc. In backfill layer when creeping into, speed of fulfiling hole is slow, and is easy to cause inclined hole, spillage, collapse hole, card hammer, falls the quality accidents such as hammer, should adopt Take corresponding measure；Borehole cleaning includes：1. the purpose of borehole cleaning, the purpose of borehole cleaning is pumping, changes mud in hole, boring mud in cleaning hole, to the greatest extent Amount reduces bottom hole precipitation thickness, prevents a bottom from retaining blocked up precipitation sand and reducing the bearing capacity of stake, it is ensured that concrete perfusion Quality, after whole hole checks, should borehole cleaning immediately, when borehole cleaning, should constantly replace mud, until pouring underwater concrete；2. the matter of borehole cleaning Amount requires, and the quality requirement of borehole cleaning is the precipitation sand for answering cleaning hole bottom all, when technically truly having difficulty, it is allowed to which residual is few Pulp does not loosen the soil amount, its quantity should be by the regulation of contract documents, after borehole cleaning before concrete perfusion, within bottom hole 500mm Mud property pointer：Sand factor is 8%, and proportion is less than 1.20, and funnel viscosity is not more than 28s；3. borehole cleaning method, according to design It is required that, this borehole cleaning method for using such as formation condition for direct circulation borehole cleaning, just following hole borehole cleaning, its method be behind whole hole, will Punching pipe keeps mud normal circulation down toward from 10~20cm of bottom hole, the purer new mud that input proportion is 1.10~1.25 Slurry circulation, swaps out the more mud of suspension boring mud in punching, according to situation in hole, the borehole cleaning time is generally 0.3~2h；4. eventually Before Kong Houzhi concrete perfusions, secondary scarfing cinder is made by direct circulation；Steel pile casting, the making and fixing of reinforcing steel bar cage include：1. generally Ask：A. the species of reinforcing bar, grade of steel, diameter should meet design requirement, the material of reinforcing bar should carry out physical and mechanical property or chemistry into The analysis experiment divided；B. should derust before making, straightening (except spiral bar), main reinforcement should try one's best with whole reinforcing bar, such as need spreading, adopt With welding spreading, welding point jointing is 35d (d is reinforcing bar larger diameter) and is not less than in 500mm length ranges, connector Area percentage is not preferably greater than 50%, and the steel of welding, should make the experiment of solderability and welding quality；C. when steel reinforcement cage total length surpasses When crossing 12m, suitable sectional making, the main reinforcement connector after segmentation should mutually be staggered, and the connector number in same section is not more than main reinforcement The 50% of total radical, connector can use overlap joint, binding or spot welding.Connected between reinforcing rib and main reinforcement using spot welding, stirrup and main reinforcement Between using spot welding connect；2. the making of steel reinforcement cage：The equipment for making steel reinforcement cage has with instrument：Electric welding machine, bar cutter, reinforcing bar Circle makes platform and steel reinforcement cage shaped support etc., and the production process of steel reinforcement cage is as follows：A. according to design, stirrup materials length is determined, By reinforcing bar, well cutting is spare in batch；B. steel reinforcement cage main reinforcement protective layer thickness is generally 7cm, and one group (4 is set per 2m on the outside of steel reinforcement cage ~8 pieces) prefabricated Concrete seat pad, prefabricated Concrete seat pad intend using with concrete piles with label concrete as material, a diameter of 140mm is made, The cake of thickness 50mm, sets small sircle hole among cake, is fixed on by stirrup on steel reinforcement cage, is hanging the process of steel reinforcement cage In, it can ensure that the protective layer thickness of main reinforcement, while ensure that steel reinforcement cage is smoothly transferred in place；C. the steel reinforcement cage made is smooth Placed on ground, should prevent from deforming；3. the installation of steel pile casting, steel reinforcement cage：The dual steel cylinder pore-forming of design, interior steel pile casting is υ 1400*14 is uses as column, and steel pile casting is transported to construction site using processing outside the venue, and steel pile casting length 20m, is saved using being divided to two Transported, a section 12m, in addition a section 8m, is welded, welding quality should meet related request, using under vibration hammer using aperture Put steel pile casting, during decentralization, pile center's point centering is carried out using cross collimation method, in addition vertical method measures the verticality of steel pile casting, Ensure that steel pile casting perpendicularity deviation is not more than 1/100, steel reinforcement cage installation is lifted by crane with large-scale crane, and alignment stake holes center is put into hole Interior, as stake holes is deeper, steel reinforcement cage answers segmental machining, is docked at aperture, is welded using inconel weld, and weld seam should be full, Must not undercut slag inclusion, fusion length is not less than 10d, and in order to ensure the verticality of steel reinforcement cage, steel reinforcement cage presses stake position center in aperture Positioning, it is suspended in hole, decentralization steel reinforcement cage should prevent collision hole wall, as decentralization be obstructed, should ascertain the reason, must not by force under Insert, generally using positive and negative rotation, slowly progressively tripping in；Underwater gliders include：Filling concrete is to bore the perfusion of (punching) hole The important procedure of stake, should pay special attention to, drilling should can just be irrigated work, punching pile body after quality inspection qualification Strength grade of concrete is C25, and underwater concrete pouring cuts ball progress using the sealing of vertical movable joint conduit, and specific requirement is as follows：① The gate of the quality monitoring of concrete is held, the slump is controlled in 18~22cm；2. conduit makes and installation.It is easy to demolition to irrigate conduit, and There are enough strength and stiffness, conduit steel pipe manufacturing, conduit wall thickness should not be less than 3mm, a diameter of 250mm, often save conduit length Degree, conduit lower part first be 4500mm, and conduit middle part is 1500mm, and conduit top is 300~500mm, the reverse interface of conduit Waterstop sealing cushion rubber must be added, it is ensured that joint sealing is good, and seal form uses rubber ring or rubber pad, to filling before perfusion Slurry equipment endures strict scrutiny that catheter requirements inner tube is smooth, and tripping in conduit is had to accurately, conduit bottom away from bottom hole control 0.3~ 0.5m；3. should install funnel and storage bin(hopper) at the top of conduit, funnel setting height(from bottom) should adapt to the needs of operation, irrigate rank to the end Duan Shi, can meet the needs to conduit inner concrete pillar height degree, to ensure the pouring quality of top pile body, the height of concrete column Degree, when being generally less than the water surface in stake holes at stake bottom, should at least be higher by 2m, funnel should have enough capacity with storage bin(hopper) than the water surface Concrete is stored, to ensure that the amount of concrete poured into the first batch can reach the pipe laying height of more than 0.8m；4. water proof bolt：Using prefabricated Concrete ball block, opens to be fixed in conduit with iron wire before filling and closes at mud face；5. pouring squence：Before perfusion, bottom hole should be measured again Sediment thickness, as thickness exceedes regulation, should carry out borehole cleaning again, and when downcomer, the distance of conduit bottom and bottom hole is can put It is principle to go out water proof bolt and concrete, generally 30~50cm；After 6. first batch of concrete continuous constantly irrigates, there should be special messenger's survey Metering-orifice inner concrete face high brightness, and calculate conduit buried depth, general control must not be less than 1m or more than 6m in 2~6m, should Underwater gliders record is filled in time, as found largely to intake in conduit, should immediately be stopped irrigating, be ascertained the reason, handle Reperfu- sion afterwards, underwater grouting must be carried out continuously, forbid midway stop filling, in perfusion, it should be noted that observation tube inner concrete decline and Water level in borehole situation of change, timely measured hole inner concrete face lifting height and segmentation calculate fullness coefficient, and (fullness coefficient should be Between 1.1~1.3), it cannot be less than 1；7. conduit lifted, steel reinforcement cage must not be tangled, can set protection triangle stiffened panel or Cone-shaped flange shield is set, perfusion is by the end of, and since conduit inner concrete pillar height degree reduces, over pressure reduces, and outside conduit Mud and contained dregs denseness increase, proportion increase, occur concrete lift-up difficulty when, can less than 300mm amplitude on Lower vibration conduit, but mustn't swing laterally, it is ensured that perfusion is smoothed out；8. fill eventually, concrete is determined using dragging for sample cylinder and fishing for concrete sample Face height, it is contemplated that the influence of mud layer, the real stake top concrete surface that fills should be higher than that design more than stake top 0.5m, to ensure stake top concrete Quality and non-waste of materials；9. per pile, necessary random sampling indwelling test block must not be less than one group, and conscientiously carry out supporting for test block Shield, up to age timely censorship.

Preferably, comprise the following steps in the step C：1. a position measuring, 2. embedded casings, 3. drillings, 4. steel reinforcement cages Installation, 5. concretings.

Preferably, stake position measuring includes：According to design drawing, drilled by professional survey crew according to control point Pile center positions, and discharges hole position.According to the absolute altitude at control point, the ground elevation of every stake is measured, is positioned and meeting after absolute altitude measure With relevant department and personnel, axis, stake position, absolute altitude are checked, and noted down, meeting after design, code requirement can be into Row construction, support pile of the rotary digging bored concrete pile in construction on the same line, stake are separated by too closely, in order to avoid altering hole, rotary digging with stake Stake should be taken every stake (jump dig) construction, the adjacent studs age of concrete reach 3 days after can drilling construction；Shield-tube embedment includes：Rotation Steel pile casting must be buried before digging pile driving construction, after pile foundation positioning, draws cross tailor's tack to put four control stakes according to stake anchor point, with four Steel sheath cylinder is buried on the basis of control stake, casing length is determined according to silt depth, it is desirable to through mud, and is basseted 0.3m, when burying casing, casing central axis aligns the stake position center of measure, and strictly keeps the verticality of casing；Mud system It is standby to include with management：Mud plays the role of protecting hole wall and deslagging, mud quality control should using not collapse hole purpose as principle, due to This engineering master stratum is miscellaneous fill, layer of sand, clay, Weathering lamination and basement rock rock stratum etc., so this engineering is applied in stake pore-forming Original soil pulping and external complement mud are taken during work, mud can be by Percussion Piles from pulping, can be for rotary digging from pulping Stake uses, and the circulatory system of mud includes：Slurrying pond, pulp storage tank, sedimentation basin and circulating slot etc..Starched using concentration slurrying with supplying, Supply to starch to each stake by main slurry pipe and hose with suction pump, the excellent mud of quantity adequate performance, pulping must be prepared before spudding in Bentonite or clay, water, tackifier mainly are used, the regular maintenance management of mud should be carried out in work progress, it is necessary to mud The index such as proportion, viscosity, sand factor and colloid rate be measured, and adjust in time to disclosure satisfy that construction requirement, it is ensured that Pore-forming high-quality and safety, since construction supporting stake position is backfill building waste, backfills and leakiness, work progress there are spillage Phenomenon, finds horse back recharge mud after spillage, and improves the density viscosity of mud, if mud face can not be kept after mending slurry speed Stablize, illustrate there are more gap, it is necessary to be crept into again after row extruding when first backfilling clay and then using Spiral digging machine after leading to；Pore-forming Including：Rotary digging drilling is the repetitive cycling process of a short drilling depth, more round trips, and footage per round trip is short (less than 1m), and the round trip time is short (soil layer 30~40m hole depths, the round trip time, the rotating hours was less than 1 minute less than 5 minutes), starts, Cutter is in drilling tool One smaller depth of Gravitative Loads incision underground layer, the hack turned round with drilling bucket under cutting above soil layer and cutting, which is put into, to be bored In bucket, the native weight that drilling bucket pierces soil depth and adds in drilling bucket is continuously increased, and steering resistance also increases, due to transmission system The effect of middle fluid torque-converter, increases the reduction of its rotating speed with steering resistance, and inside and outside drilling rod transmits the groove of moment of torsion, in bonded contacting surface Pressure also increases therewith, at this moment, manipulates pressurization oil cylinder and pressurizes to drill string, its pressure can pass to drill bit, and increase drilling bucket incision is deep Degree；Drilling load again increase therewith, rotating speed further reduces, at one within a very short time, penetraction depth steering resistance square by The drilling process that level increase, load and rotating speed fluctuate in very large range, this is the distinguishing feature of rotary digging drilling method, therefore, Drilling bucket drops to bottom hole, at the beginning of starting driven by rotary disc revolution, belongs to dead weight drilling, is not pressurized and (adds in the case where steering resistance is little Pressure, by due to the normal pressure in inside and outside drilling rod torsion pass groove, bonded contacting surface and resulting axial friction it is too small, and make drill string Shrink), after load increase to a certain extent, press cylinder is manipulated, is pressurizeed by power head to the drill string short time, pressurization Operation can optionally repeat 1~2 time, when after pressurization drilling bucket approach also very little is not cut even when, should be to carry brill, therefore In drilling process, operator should pay close attention to pressure, rotating speed instrument and drilling load variations situation in work chamber, add in due course Press, carry brill, first crept into using cartridge type drilling bucket, after creeping into rock stratum or running into old foundation pit barrier, use spiral brill instead Bucket pressurization carries out rock stratum broken or removing obstacles thing, and Spiral digging machine hole termination depth is determined to be required according to design drawing, bored Hole depth should meet design requirement, carry out borehole cleaning, installation steel reinforcement cage, placing concrete after drilling to completion in time.

Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：

In the construction method of the present invention, construction artificial digging pile in back fill course (loose soil bed) is contained, there are underground Three kinds of situations of construction supporting stake under the field construction punching stand column pile in room cavity and complicated local environmental conditions, can meet that people exist It is any complicated and rebuild the demand constructed in foundation pit, bring great convenience for the building-up work of people.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is manual digging pile construction process flow chart of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the dual steel pile casting construction flow chart of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other without making creative work Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.

- 2 are please referred to Fig.1, complexity rebuilds base pit engineering pile base construction method, its construction method includes following three kinds of situations：

A, construction artificial digging pile in back fill course (loose soil bed)；

B, there are the field construction punching stand column pile in basement cavity；

C, construction supporting stake under complicated local environmental conditions.

Comprise the following steps in step A：1. surveying setting-out, 2. drilling constructions, 3. panelling constructions, 4. whole holes examinations, 5. steel Muscle cage system peace, 6. inner concretes pour.

Surveying setting-out includes：The coordinate and absolute altitude provided according to Party A, according to the accurate unwrapping wire of construction drawing, specific practice： Control line and elevation control are led to apart from the place of building 2m by datum mark, then draws lower foundation pit bottom, axis is pressed at foundation pit bottom Line position sets gantry steel-pipe pile, and steel pipe squeezes into soil layer 1.5m or so, the unearthed face about 1.2m of height, and marking each axle position in the stake of gantry compiles Number and absolute altitude；Drilling construction includes：1), according to construction deployment, all holes are opened comprehensively in addition to indivedual adjacent too near stakes are jumped and dug Dig, excavated according to relevant regulations using stake is jumped, excavate and need guiding through miscellaneous fill layer, backfill layer of sand, old stake, the coagulation of old foundation pit backfill Soil, decomposed rock, when concrete backfilled through old stake, old foundation pit, decomposed rock, are crushed using pneumatic pick, can be with when intensity is too big Using static(al) explosion；2), the larger stake holes in aperture is unearthed matches somebody with somebody 0.1m3 well-buckets using 3.7KW mobile winders, is equipped with per complete equipment 2~3 workers, when aperture is smaller, vertical pulling is pushed away cubic metre of earth and stone lifting to ground, the cubic metre of earth and stone using well-pulley is manually shaken with small after going out well head Car, derrick are transported to the stacking of ground appointed place, and periodically hole stake is unearthed with dump truck with excavator and is transported outward, 1.5m around well head Do not allow inside to leave remaining mud；3), by ordinary circumstance, 1 section is dug daily per root hole stake, often section cannot be more than 1m, be used after reaching depth Quasi- well head retaining wall is hung in "+" word, using plummet compared with positive template, it is ensured that dado thickness uniformly and hole stake axis centering, and by design It is required that good and sound retaining wall reinforcing bar, pours after qualified by inspection and smashes breast wall concrete, so circulation；4), first segment retaining wall should be higher by ground 200~300mm of face, goes out along part width 500mm, is buried in aperture outer and go along with sb. to guard him railing, be higher by more than concrete 1000mm, as Well head protective fence；5), retaining wall should check aperture layer by layer, and every two sections retaining wall must check pile center position and perpendicular layers once, send out Existing crooked amendment in time；6), the every lower digging 0.5m of hole stake, the soil property that must do not dig under device to hole make a pricker with drill rod and insert inspections, confirmation It can continue lower digging after situation without exception；7), since old basement backfill hole is more, rich groundwater, engineering uses borehole well Inside draw water, sump of 1~2 deeper well as construction can be selected, as far as possible construction speed similar in all stake holes holdings, together When draw water, in order to avoid the fast stake holes underground water of cutting depth progress can not construct greatly very much.

Double steel pile casting technique is used in step B, it comprises the following steps：1. a position measuring and absolute altitude control, 2. bury Casing, 3. slurryings, using with management, 4. times steel pile castings and pore-forming, 5. borehole cleanings, 6. steel pile castings, the making and fixing of reinforcing steel bar cage, 7. underwater gliders.

Stake position measuring and absolute altitude control include：According to design drawing, Plane Control Net for Construction is made by professional survey crew, Place datum line and datum mark, measurement axis, the position of stake and the ground elevation of stake are surveyed in school, using method of polar coordinates to every pile hole Setting-out is carried out, to ensure that setting-out is accurate, every pile must be positioned three times：1. in the stake site of measure, mark is squeezed into Will stake (basset 5~10cm), can be checked to axis, stake position with relevant department and personnel, and note down after positioning； 2. using 1.7m~1.8m diameter casings, after shield-tube embedment is good, the central point of casing is checked, checks the deviation of stake position； 3. before whole hole, repetition measurement is carried out to pile center using stake machine steel wire rope, stake position is checked, position three times review meet design, Next process construction can be carried out after code requirement；Embedded casing includes：Embedded casing answers accurate stable, is used around casing viscous Earthen backfill is simultaneously tamped：1. casing uses the steel plate processing and fabricating of 10~20mm thickness, height 1.50m or so, the internal diameter of casing is more than Bit diameter 100mm~200mm, its upper part preferably open up the slurry mouth that overflows, and 0.35~0.30m above ground level；2. casing has positioning, protects Guard aperture mouth and the effect for keeping water level height difference, therefore, the embedded of casing will be buried according to design stake position by axis centre in length and breadth, By the size of casing when embedded, after digging good hole, hole bottom filled and led up, puts down casing, position is correct on inspection, casing body will just, directly, Surrounding clay backfilling, compaction in layers, when ground backfill is loose, aperture easily caves in, diameter is buried in the digging that should expand casing hole Or the back-up sand concrete grout around casing, shield-tube embedment depth are generally 1~1.5m；For deeper stake holes of caving in, should increase Shield-tube embedment depth, will check correction after shield-tube embedment is good, casing center and pile center's deviation are not greater than 50mm；Mud system It is standby, include using with management：1. slurrying：Mud plays the role of protecting hole wall and deslagging, and mud quality control should be not collapse Hole and to reach deslagging purpose be principle, the circulatory system of mud includes：Slurrying pond, pulp storage tank, sedimentation basin and circulating slot etc., start When drilling machine is more, using concentrating slurrying to starch with supplying, supply to starch to each stake by main slurry pipe and hose with suction pump, the plasma discharge system of mud System is made of main plasma discharge ditch, branch plasma discharge ditch and mud-settling pit, after the mud in sedimentation basin uses mud purification, by mud pumping Mud pit is returned, the excellent mud of quantity adequate performance must be prepared to reuse, before spudding in, pulping mainly uses bentonite Or clay, water, tackifier；2. mud uses：Mud is using will be using the method for direct circulation, in pore forming process, in general soil layer Middle mud density is preferably 1.15~1.2, and viscosity is preferably 15~25s, and sand factor 8~10%, colloid rate is more than 96%, in weak soil In layer, mud density is preferably 1.10~1.15, and viscosity is preferably 10~20s, sand factor 4~8%, and colloid rate is more than 96%, opens Hole drill into when, mud should suitably thicken the soup, and density is preferably 1.15~1.25, be loose soil bed since this place is backfill, into During hole, mud density is preferably 1.15~1.20, and viscosity is preferably 15~25s, and mud property pointer is preferably after borehole cleaning：Mud is close Degree is preferably 1.10~1.15, and viscosity is preferably 10~20s, and sand factor is less than 6%；3. mud should be carried out in mud management work progress Regular maintenance management, the pointers such as the proportion of mud, viscosity must be measured per hour, and adjust in time to disclosure satisfy that Construction requirement, it is ensured that pore-forming high-quality and safety, discarded mud should be handled with slag by the pertinent regulations of environmental protection；Lower steel shield Cylinder includes with pore-forming：Using rushing stake machine pore-forming υ 1600 by shaking lower υ 1600*12 using vibration hammer behind ground to former basement floor After stake machine pore-forming υ 1400 is rushed in steel pile casting (about 16 meters) → original basement floor to former basement bottom board use, by ground to original place Lower room bottom plate uses to use below υ 1400*14 steel pile castings (about 20 meters) → original basement bottom board under vibration hammer and rushes stake machine υ 1200 and rush Hole is to projected depth hammer out, and 1. to ensure that pile verticality deviation is not more than 1%, construction platform should lay railway sleepers and platen, installation Equipment should keep consolidating, is straight, horizontal, rush machine it is in place after, conscientiously to carry out centering, leveling work；Should often it be detected in construction Aperture, hole shape and hole deviation, strictly control drilling quality, strictly keep board steady in construction, per tour should all check board level Degree；2. to ensure that in allowable deviation, block stamp diameter is checked before spudding in by technical staff for stake footpath；Mud is adjusted in rushing in Energy；3. according to formation condition, take and make full use of stratum pulping, the appropriate method manufacture mud for preparing mud and being combined, because Place back fill course is thicker, and the predominantly building waste such as Cement Concrete, cement slurry, brick, with original soil pulping retaining wall there may be , it is necessary to manually backfill bentonite or clay pulping, increase mud density, strengthens wall stability, ensures retaining wall effect difficulty；Such as , it is necessary to which lower steel pile casting, avoids pore-forming hole wall collapse when the artificial pulping retaining wall of fruit is still had any problem, in addition, should also be through in artificial construction Mud property is often checked, so as to ensure hole quality；4. carry out pore-forming record in time, during normal pore-forming, do per hour once into Ruler records；5. hole termination depth determines to be required according to design drawing, the saturation uniaxial compressive strength of rock sample meets design requirement, Enter rock depth and meet design requirement, actual hole depth is used as Main Basiss using the rock sample pressure testing result of advance drilling and the rock slag fished for Judge；6. enter basement rock, carry out and sentence layer record, and drag for rock sample in case whole hole differentiates, such as geologic information with geological condition not Symbol, will immediately notify to reconnoitre, design and the relevant personnel are handled；7. crept into block stone, Cement Concrete, brick etc. backfill layer When, speed of fulfiling hole is slow, and be easy to cause inclined hole, spillage, collapse hole, card hammer, fall hammer etc. quality accident, should take and arrange accordingly Apply；Borehole cleaning includes：1. the purpose of borehole cleaning, the purpose of borehole cleaning is to take out, change mud in hole, and boring mud in cleaning hole, reduces bottom hole to the greatest extent Thickness is precipitated, prevents a bottom from retaining blocked up precipitation sand and reducing the bearing capacity of stake, it is ensured that the quality of concrete perfusion, whole hole inspection After looking into, should borehole cleaning immediately, when borehole cleaning, should constantly replace mud, until pouring underwater concrete；2. the quality requirement of borehole cleaning, borehole cleaning Quality requirement be the precipitation sand for answering cleaning hole bottom all, when technically truly having difficulty, it is allowed to a small amount of not pulp of residual Loosen the soil, its quantity should be by the regulation of contract documents, and after borehole cleaning before concrete perfusion, the mud property within bottom hole 500mm refers to Pin：Sand factor is 8%, and proportion is less than 1.20, and funnel viscosity is not more than 28s；3. borehole cleaning method, according to design requirement, stratum This borehole cleaning method for using such as condition is just following hole borehole cleaning for direct circulation borehole cleaning, its method be behind whole hole, by punching pipe down toward From 10~20cm of bottom hole, and mud normal circulation is kept, the purer new mud circulation that input proportion is 1.10~1.25, punching The more mud of suspension boring mud swaps out in hole, and according to situation in hole, the borehole cleaning time is generally 0.3~2h；4. end Kong Houzhi is irrigated Before concrete, secondary scarfing cinder is made by direct circulation；Steel pile casting, the making and fixing of reinforcing steel bar cage include：1. general require：A. reinforcing bar Species, grade of steel, diameter should meet design requirement, and the material of reinforcing bar should carry out the analysis examination of physical and mechanical property or chemical composition Test；B. should derust before making, straightening (except spiral bar), main reinforcement should try one's best with whole reinforcing bar, such as need spreading, connect using welding Long, welding point jointing is 35d (d is reinforcing bar larger diameter) and is not less than in 500mm length ranges, connector area percentage Rate is not preferably greater than 50%, and the steel of welding, should make the experiment of solderability and welding quality；C. when steel reinforcement cage total length is more than 12m, Suitable sectional making, the main reinforcement connector after segmentation should mutually be staggered, and the connector number in same section is not more than the total radical of main reinforcement 50%, connector can use overlap joint, binding or spot welding.Connected between reinforcing rib and main reinforcement using spot welding, point is used between stirrup and main reinforcement Weldering connection；2. the making of steel reinforcement cage：The equipment for making steel reinforcement cage has with instrument：Electric welding machine, bar cutter, steel ring make platform With steel reinforcement cage shaped support etc., the production process of steel reinforcement cage is as follows：A. according to design, determine stirrup materials length, by reinforcing bar into It is spare to criticize well cutting；B. steel reinforcement cage main reinforcement protective layer thickness is generally 7cm, and one group (4~8 pieces) are set per 2m in advance on the outside of steel reinforcement cage Concrete seat pad processed, prefabricated Concrete seat pad intend using with concrete piles with label concrete as material, a diameter of 140mm, thickness 50mm is made Cake, small sircle hole is set among cake, is fixed on by stirrup on steel reinforcement cage, during steel reinforcement cage is hung, can really The protective layer thickness of main reinforcement is protected, while ensures that steel reinforcement cage is smoothly transferred in place；C. the steel reinforcement cage made is on smooth ground Place, should prevent from deforming；3. the installation of steel pile casting, steel reinforcement cage：The dual steel cylinder pore-forming of design, interior steel pile casting is that υ 1400*14 are Being used as column, steel pile casting is transported to construction site using processing outside the venue, and steel pile casting length 20m, is transported using being divided to two to save, One section 12m, in addition a section 8m, is welded using aperture, and welding quality should meet related request, and steel pile casting is transferred using vibration hammer, During decentralization, pile center point centering is carried out using cross collimation method, in addition vertical method measures the verticality of steel pile casting, ensures steel pile casting Perpendicularity deviation is not more than 1/100, and steel reinforcement cage installation is lifted by crane with large-scale crane, is directed at stake holes center and is put into hole, as stake holes compared with Deep, steel reinforcement cage is answered segmental machining, is docked at aperture, welded using inconel weld, and weld seam should be full, must not undercut folder Slag, fusion length are not less than 10d, and in order to ensure the verticality of steel reinforcement cage, steel reinforcement cage presses the centralized positioning of stake position in aperture, make it outstanding Be hung in hole, decentralization steel reinforcement cage should prevent collision hole wall, as decentralization is obstructed, should ascertain the reason, must not underthrust by force, it is general to use Positive and negative rotation, slowly progressively tripping in；Underwater gliders include：Filling concrete is the important work for boring (punching) hole pouring pile Sequence, should pay special attention to, and drilling should can just be irrigated work, punching concrete strength of pile after quality inspection qualification Grade is C25, and underwater concrete pouring cuts ball progress using the sealing of vertical movable joint conduit, and specific requirement is as follows：1. hold the matter of concrete Amount is closed, and the slump is controlled in 18~22cm；2. conduit makes and installation.It is easy to demolition to irrigate conduit, and has enough strong Degree and rigidity, conduit steel pipe manufacturing, conduit wall thickness should not be less than 3mm, a diameter of 250mm, often save catheter length, conduit lower part First is 4500mm, is 1500mm in the middle part of conduit, conduit top is 300~500mm, and the reverse interface of conduit must add sealing Sealant rubber ring, it is ensured that joint sealing is good, and seal form uses rubber ring or rubber pad, is carried out before perfusion to grouting equipment tight Lattice check that catheter requirements inner tube is smooth, and tripping in conduit is had to accurately, and conduit bottom is controlled in 0.3~0.5m away from bottom hole；3. conduit Top should install funnel and storage bin(hopper), and funnel setting height(from bottom) should adapt to the needs of operation, when being filled into final stage, can meet To the needs of conduit inner concrete pillar height degree, to ensure the pouring quality of top pile body, the height of concrete column, generally at stake bottom Less than during the water surface, should at least be higher by 2m in stake holes than the water surface, funnel should have enough capacity to store concrete with storage bin(hopper), with The amount of concrete for ensureing to pour into the first batch can reach the pipe laying height of more than 0.8m；4. water proof bolt：Using Prefabricated Concrete ball block, before opening filling It is fixed in conduit and is closed at mud face with iron wire；5. pouring squence：Before perfusion, bottom hole sediment thickness should be measured again, it is such as thick Degree exceedes regulation, should carry out borehole cleaning again, and when downcomer, the distance of conduit bottom and bottom hole is can release water proof bolt and coagulation Soil is principle, generally 30~50cm；After 6. first batch of concrete continuous constantly irrigates, there should be special messenger's measured hole inner concrete face High brightness, and calculate conduit buried depth, general control must not be less than 1m or more than 6m, should fill in time underwater mixed in 2~6m Solidifying soil perfusion record, as found largely to intake in conduit, should immediately stop irrigating, ascertain the reason, Reperfu- sion after processing is underwater to fill Note must be carried out continuously, and forbid midway to stop filling, in perfusion, it should be noted that observation tube inner concrete declines and water level in borehole change feelings Condition, timely measured hole inner concrete face lifting height and segmentation calculate fullness coefficient (fullness coefficient should be between 1.1~1.3), It cannot be less than 1；7. conduit is lifted, steel reinforcement cage must not be tangled, protection triangle stiffened panel can be set or set cone-shaped flange to protect Cover, perfusion is by the end of, and since conduit inner concrete pillar height degree reduces, over pressure reduces, and mud and institute's slag inclusion outside conduit Native denseness increase, proportion increase, when there is concrete lift-up difficulty, can be less than the amplitude vibration conduit, but not up and down of 300mm Perhaps swing laterally, it is ensured that perfusion is smoothed out；8. eventually fill, using drag for sample cylinder fish for concrete sample determine concrete face height, it is contemplated that mud The influence of pulp layer, the real stake top concrete surface that fills should be higher than that design more than stake top 0.5m, to ensure stake top concrete quality and not waste material Material；9. per pile, necessary random sampling indwelling test block must not be less than one group, and conscientiously carry out the maintenance of test block, sent in time up to age Inspection.

Comprise the following steps in step C：1. a position measuring, 2. embedded casings, 3. drillings, the installation of 4. steel reinforcement cages, 5. coagulations Soil pours.

Stake position measuring includes：According to design drawing, drilled pile centralized positioning is carried out according to control point by professional survey crew, Discharge hole position.According to the absolute altitude at control point, measure the ground elevation of every stake, after positioning and absolute altitude measure can with relevant department and Personnel, check to axis, stake position, absolute altitude, and note down, and can construct after meeting design, code requirement, and rotary digging fills Support pile of the stake in construction on the same line is noted, stake is separated by too closely with stake, and in order to avoid altering hole, rotary digging stake should be taken every stake (jump dig) construction, the adjacent studs age of concrete reach 3 days after can drilling construction；Shield-tube embedment includes：Must before rotary digging pile driving construction Steel pile casting must be buried, after pile foundation positioning, draws cross tailor's tack to put four control stakes according to stake anchor point, on the basis of four control stakes Embedded steel sheath cylinder, casing length are determined according to silt depth, it is desirable to through mud, and the 0.3m that bassets, bury shield During cylinder, casing central axis aligns the stake position center of measure, and strictly keeps the verticality of casing；Slurrying is wrapped with management Include：Mud plays the role of protecting hole wall and deslagging, mud quality control should be using not collapse hole purpose as principle, since this engineering is main Stratum is miscellaneous fill, layer of sand, clay, Weathering lamination and basement rock rock stratum etc., so this engineering is adopted during stake drilling construction Original soil pulping and external complement mud are taken, mud can use, mud by Percussion Piles from pulping from pulping for rotary digging stake The circulatory system include：Slurrying pond, pulp storage tank, sedimentation basin and circulating slot etc..Using concentrating slurrying to be starched with supplying, passed through with suction pump Main slurry pipe and hose, for starching, must prepare the excellent mud of quantity adequate performance, pulping mainly uses swelling to each stake before spudding in Soil or clay, water, tackifier, the regular maintenance management of mud should be carried out in work progress, it is necessary to the proportion of mud, viscosity, The index such as sand factor and colloid rate is measured, and is adjusted in time to disclosure satisfy that construction requirement, it is ensured that pore-forming high-quality and safety, Since construction supporting stake position is backfill building waste, backfills and leakiness, work progress there are spillage phenomenon, find spillage Horse back recharge mud afterwards, and the density viscosity of mud is improved, if mud face can not keep stable after mending slurry speed, illustrate exist More gap, it is necessary to creep into again when first backfilling clay and then using Spiral digging machine after leading to after row extruding；Pore-forming includes：Rotary digging is crept into The repetitive cycling process of a short drilling depth, more round trips, footage per round trip is short (less than 1m), the round trip time short (30~40m of soil layer holes Deep, the round trip time, the rotating hours was less than 1 minute less than 5 minutes), start, Cutter is cut under drilling tool Gravitative Loads One smaller depth of soil layer, the hack turned round with drilling bucket under cutting above soil layer and cutting are put into drilling bucket, and drilling bucket pierces Soil depth and the native weight added in drilling bucket are continuously increased, and steering resistance also increases, due to fluid torque-converter in transmission system Effect, increase the reduction of its rotating speed with steering resistance, inside and outside drilling rod transmits the groove of moment of torsion, the pressure in bonded contacting surface also increases therewith Greatly, at this moment, manipulate pressurization oil cylinder to pressurize to drill string, its pressure can pass to drill bit, increase drilling bucket penetraction depth；Creep into load again Increase therewith, rotating speed further reduces, and at one within a very short time, penetraction depth steering resistance square increases step by step, load and The drilling process that rotating speed fluctuates in very large range, this is the distinguishing feature of rotary digging drilling method, and therefore, drilling bucket drops to bottom hole, At the beginning of starting driven by rotary disc revolution, belong to dead weight drilling, be not pressurized (pressurize in the case where steering resistance is little, will be due to inside and outside Drilling rod torsion pass groove, the normal pressure in bonded contacting surface and resulting axial friction are too small, and shrink drill string), in load After increase to a certain extent, press cylinder is manipulated, is pressurizeed by power head to the drill string short time, the visual feelings of pressurized operation Condition, repeats 1~2 time, when after pressurization drilling bucket approach also very little is not cut even when, should be to carry brill, therefore in drilling process, Operator should pay close attention to pressure, rotating speed instrument and drilling load variations situation in work chamber, pressurize in due course, carry brill, first Crept into using cartridge type drilling bucket, after creeping into rock stratum or running into old foundation pit barrier, use spiral drilling bucket pressurization instead to rock Layer carries out broken or removing obstacles thing, and Spiral digging machine hole termination depth determines to be required according to design drawing, and drilling depth should expire Sufficient design requirement, borehole cleaning, installation steel reinforcement cage, placing concrete are carried out after drilling to completion in time.

In use, in the construction method of the present invention, contain construction artificial digging pile in back fill course (loose soil bed), deposit Three kinds of situations of construction supporting stake under the field construction punching stand column pile in basement cavity and complicated local environmental conditions, can meet People are in any complexity and rebuild the demand constructed in foundation pit, bring great convenience for the building-up work of people.

Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with Understanding without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention can carry out these embodiments a variety of changes, modification, replace And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.

Claims (7)

1. complexity rebuilds base pit engineering pile base construction method, it is characterised in that：Its construction method includes following three kinds of situations：

A, construction artificial digging pile in back fill course (loose soil bed)；

B, there are the field construction punching stand column pile in basement cavity；

C, construction supporting stake under complicated local environmental conditions.

2. complexity according to claim 1 rebuilds base pit engineering pile base construction method, it is characterised in that：In the step A Comprise the following steps：1. surveying setting-out, 2. drilling constructions, 3. panelling constructions, 4. whole holes examinations, 5. steel reinforcement cage systems peace, 6. hearts Concreting.

3. complexity according to claim 2 rebuilds base pit engineering pile base construction method, it is characterised in that：The surveying setting-out Including：The coordinate control point and vertical control point provided according to Party A, according to the accurate unwrapping wire of construction drawing, specific practice：By base Control line and elevation control are led to apart from the place of building 2m on schedule, then draw lower foundation pit bottom, axis position is pressed at foundation pit bottom Gantry steel-pipe pile is set, steel pipe squeezes into soil layer 1.5m or so, the unearthed face about 1.2m of height, marked in the stake of gantry each axle position numbering and Absolute altitude；Drilling construction includes：1), according to construction deployment, all hole stake full-face tunnelings in addition to indivedual adjacent too near stakes are jumped and dug, are pressed Excavated according to relevant regulations using stake is jumped, excavate and need guiding through miscellaneous fill layer, backfill layer of sand, old stake, concrete, the wind of the backfill of old foundation pit Change rock, crushed using pneumatic pick through when old stake, the concrete of old foundation pit backfill, decomposed rock, can be used when intensity is too big Static(al) explosion；2), the larger stake holes in aperture is unearthed matches somebody with somebody 0.1m3 well-buckets using 3.7KW mobile winders, and 2~3 are equipped with per complete equipment A worker, when aperture is smaller, vertical pulling using manually shaking well-pulley by cubic metre of earth and stone lifting to ground, the cubic metre of earth and stone go out after well head with small handcart, Derrick is transported to the stacking of ground appointed place, and periodically hole stake is unearthed with dump truck with excavator and is transported outward, around well head in 1.5m Do not allow to leave remaining mud；3), by ordinary circumstance, 1 section is dug daily per root hole stake, often section cannot be more than 1m, and "+" is used after reaching depth Quasi- well head retaining wall is hung in word, using plummet compared with positive template, it is ensured that dado thickness uniformly and hole stake axis centering, and presses design requirement Good and sound retaining wall reinforcing bar, pours after qualified by inspection and smashes breast wall concrete, so circulation；4), first segment retaining wall answers above ground level 200 ~300mm, goes out along part width 500mm, is buried in aperture outer and go along with sb. to guard him railing, be higher by more than concrete 1000mm, as well head Protective fence；5), retaining wall should check aperture layer by layer, and every two sections retaining wall must check pile center position and perpendicular layers once, find askew Tiltedly correct in time；6), the every lower digging 0.5m of hole stake, the soil property that must do not dig under device to hole make a pricker with drill rod and insert inspection, confirm to be no different It can continue lower digging after reason condition；7), since old basement backfill hole is more, rich groundwater, engineering is taken out using in borehole well Water, can be selected sump of 1~2 deeper well as construction, and construction speed similar in all stake holes holdings, takes out at the same time as far as possible Water, in case the fast stake holes underground water of cutting depth progress can not construct greatly very much.

4. complexity according to claim 1 rebuilds base pit engineering pile base construction method, it is characterised in that：In the step B Using double steel pile casting technique, it comprises the following steps：1. a position measuring and absolute altitude control, 2. embedded casings, 3. slurryings, Filled using with management, 4. times steel pile castings and pore-forming, 5. borehole cleanings, 6. steel pile castings, the making and fixing of reinforcing steel bar cage, 7. underwater concretes Note.

5. complexity according to claim 4 rebuilds base pit engineering pile base construction method, it is characterised in that：Stake position measuring And absolute altitude control includes：According to design drawing, Plane Control Net for Construction is made by professional survey crew, school survey place datum line and Datum mark, measurement axis, the position of stake and the ground elevation of stake, carry out setting-out, to ensure using method of polar coordinates to every pile hole Setting-out is accurate, and every pile must be positioned three times：1. in the stake site of measure, squeeze into marker peg (basset 5~ 10cm), axis, stake position can be checked, and noted down with relevant department and personnel after positioning；2. use 1.7m~1.8m Diameter casing, after shield-tube embedment is good, checks the central point of casing, checks the deviation of stake position；3. before whole hole, stake machine is utilized Steel wire rope carries out repetition measurement to pile center, and stake position is checked, positioning three times after review meets design, code requirement to carry out Next process is constructed；Embedded casing includes：Embedded casing answers accurate stable, with clay backfilling and is tamped around casing：1. protect Cylinder uses the steel plate processing and fabricating of 10~20mm thickness, height 1.50m or so, the internal diameter of casing more than bit diameter 100mm~ 200mm, its upper part preferably open up the slurry mouth that overflows, and 0.35~0.30m above ground level；2. casing has positioning, protection aperture and keeps water The effect of position height difference, therefore, the embedded of casing will be buried, by casing when burying according to design stake position by axis centre in length and breadth Size, after digging good hole, hole bottom is filled and led up, puts down casing, and position is correct on inspection, and casing body will just, directly, and surrounding is returned with clay Fill out, compaction in layers, when ground backfill is loose, aperture easily caves in, the digging that should expand casing hole buries diameter or around casing Back-up sand concrete grout, shield-tube embedment depth are generally 1~1.5m；For deeper stake holes of caving in, shield-tube embedment depth should be increased, Correction is checked after shield-tube embedment is good, casing center and pile center's deviation are not greater than 50mm；Slurrying, using with management wrap Include：1. slurrying：Mud plays the role of protecting hole wall and deslagging, and mud quality control with not collapse hole and should reach deslagging purpose For principle, the circulatory system of mud includes：Slurrying pond, pulp storage tank, sedimentation basin and circulating slot etc., start drilling machine it is more when, use Concentrate slurrying to be starched with supplying, supply to starch to each stake by main slurry pipe and hose with suction pump, the plasma discharge system of mud is by main plasma discharge ditch, branch Plasma discharge ditch and mud-settling pit form, and after the mud in sedimentation basin uses mud purification, mud pit are pumped back to by mud, so as to again Secondary utilization, must prepare the excellent mud of quantity adequate performance before spudding in, pulping mainly uses bentonite or clay, water, thickening Agent；2. mud uses：Mud is using will be using the method for direct circulation, and in pore forming process, mud density is preferably in general soil layer 1.15~1.2, viscosity is preferably 15~25s, and sand factor 8~10%, colloid rate is more than 96%, in Soft Soil Layer, mud density Preferably 1.10~1.15, viscosity is preferably 10~20s, and sand factor 4~8%, colloid rate is more than 96%, when perforate is crept into, mud Should suitably it thicken the soup, density is preferably 1.15~1.25, is loose soil bed since this place is backfill, in pore forming process, mud Density is preferably 1.15~1.20, and viscosity is preferably 15~25s, and mud property pointer is preferably after borehole cleaning：Mud density is preferably 1.10~ 1.15, viscosity is preferably 10~20s, and sand factor is less than 6%；3. the regular maintenance pipe of mud should be carried out in mud management work progress Reason, per hour must be measured the pointers such as the proportion of mud, viscosity, and adjust in time to disclosure satisfy that construction requirement, really Pore-forming high-quality and safety is protected, discarded mud should be handled with slag by the pertinent regulations of environmental protection；Lower steel pile casting and pore-forming bag Include：Using rushing stake machine pore-forming υ 1600 by shaking lower υ 1600*12 steel pile castings (about 16 using vibration hammer behind ground to former basement floor Rice) after → former basement floor to former basement bottom board use rushes stake machine pore-forming υ 1400, used by ground to former basement bottom board Used under vibration hammer below υ 1400*14 steel pile castings (about 20 meters) → original basement bottom board and rush 1200 block stamp pore-formings of stake machine υ to design Depth, 1. to ensure that pile verticality deviation is not more than 1%, construction platform should lay railway sleepers and platen, and installation equipment should keep steady Solid, it is straight, horizontal, rush machine it is in place after, conscientiously to carry out centering, leveling work；Aperture, hole shape and hole should be often detected in construction Tiltedly, drilling quality is strictly controlled, strictly holding board is steady in construction, and per tour should all check board levelness；2. to ensure stake Footpath checks block stamp diameter before spudding in allowable deviation by technical staff；Mud property is adjusted in rushing in；3. according to stratum Condition, takes and makes full use of stratum pulping, the appropriate method manufacture mud for preparing mud and being combined because place back fill course compared with Thickness, and the predominantly building waste such as Cement Concrete, cement slurry, brick, with original soil pulping retaining wall there may be difficulty, it is necessary to manually return Bentonite or clay pulping are filled out, increases mud density, strengthens wall stability, ensures retaining wall effect；If artificial pulping retaining wall , it is necessary to which lower steel pile casting, avoids pore-forming hole wall collapse when still having any problem, in addition, running check mud property is also answered in artificial construction, So as to ensure hole quality；4. carrying out pore-forming record in time, during normal pore-forming, a drilling depth record is done per hour；5. whole hole depth Degree determines to be required according to design drawing, and the saturation uniaxial compressive strength of rock sample meets design requirement, enters rock depth and meets to set Meter requires, and actual hole depth judges using the rock sample pressure testing result of advance drilling and the rock slag fished for as Main Basiss；6. enter base During rock, carry out and sentence layer record, and drag for rock sample in case whole hole differentiates, in case of geologic information and geological condition are not inconsistent, to notify immediately Prospecting, design and the relevant personnel are handled；7. in block stone, Cement Concrete, brick when being crept into backfilling layer, speed of fulfiling hole is slow, And be easy to cause inclined hole, spillage, collapse hole, card hammer, fall hammer etc. quality accident, should take appropriate measures；Borehole cleaning includes：It is 1. clear The purpose in hole, the purpose of borehole cleaning are pumpings, change mud in hole, and boring mud in cleaning hole, reduces bottom hole precipitation thickness to the greatest extent, prevent a bottom Retain blocked up precipitation sand and reduce the bearing capacity of stake, it is ensured that the quality of concrete perfusion, after whole hole checks, should borehole cleaning immediately, Mud should be constantly replaced during borehole cleaning, until pouring underwater concrete；2. the quality requirement of borehole cleaning, the quality requirement of borehole cleaning is should be clear Except all precipitation sands of bottom hole, when technically truly having difficulty, it is allowed to which a small amount of not pulp of residual loosens the soil, its quantity should be by The regulation of contract documents, after borehole cleaning before concrete perfusion, the mud property pointer within bottom hole 500mm：Sand factor is 8%, than 1.20 are less than again, and funnel viscosity is not more than 28s；3. borehole cleaning method, according to design requirement, formation condition etc., this is used clear Hole method is direct circulation borehole cleaning, is just following hole borehole cleaning, its method be behind whole hole, by punching pipe down toward from 10~20cm of bottom hole, and Mud normal circulation is kept, the purer new mud circulation that input proportion is 1.10~1.25 is more suspension boring mud in punching Mud swap out, according to situation in hole, the borehole cleaning time is generally 0.3~2h；4. before end Kong Houzhi concrete perfusions, by just following Ring makees secondary scarfing cinder；Steel pile casting, the making and fixing of reinforcing steel bar cage include：1. general require：A. the species of reinforcing bar, grade of steel, diameter should Meet design requirement, the material of reinforcing bar should carry out the analysis experiment of physical and mechanical property or chemical composition；Should derust before B. making, Straightening (except spiral bar), main reinforcement should try one's best with whole reinforcing bar, such as need spreading, using welding spreading, welding point jointing For 35d (d is reinforcing bar larger diameter) and not less than in 500mm length ranges, connector area percentage is not preferably greater than 50%, welding Steel, the experiment of solderability and welding quality should be made；C. when steel reinforcement cage total length is more than 12m, suitable sectional making, after segmentation Main reinforcement connector should mutually be staggered, and the connector number in same section is not more than the 50% of the total radical of main reinforcement, connector can use overlap joint, Binding or spot welding.Connected using spot welding between reinforcing rib and main reinforcement, connected between stirrup and main reinforcement using spot welding；2. the system of steel reinforcement cage Make：The equipment for making steel reinforcement cage has with instrument：Electric welding machine, bar cutter, steel ring make platform and steel reinforcement cage shaped support etc., The production process of steel reinforcement cage is as follows：A. according to design, stirrup materials length is determined, well cutting is spare in batch by reinforcing bar；B. reinforcing bar Cage main reinforcement protective layer thickness is generally 7cm, and one group of (4~8 pieces) prefabricated Concrete seat pad, prefabricated Concrete seat pad are set per 2m on the outside of steel reinforcement cage Intend using with concrete piles with label concrete as material, a diameter of 140mm is made, the cake of thickness 50mm, sets among cake Small sircle hole is put, is fixed on by stirrup on steel reinforcement cage, during steel reinforcement cage is hung, can ensure that the protective layer thickness of main reinforcement, Ensure that steel reinforcement cage is smoothly transferred in place at the same time；C. the steel reinforcement cage made is placed on smooth ground, should prevent from deforming；3. steel The installation of casing, steel reinforcement cage：The dual steel cylinder pore-forming of design, interior steel pile casting is that υ 1400*14 are to be used as column, steel pile casting Construction site is transported to using processing outside the venue, steel pile casting length 20m, using being divided to two sections to be transported, a section 12m, in addition one saves 8m, Welded using aperture, welding quality should meet related request, steel pile casting be transferred using vibration hammer, during decentralization, using cross collimation method Pile center point centering is carried out, in addition vertical method measures the verticality of steel pile casting, ensures that steel pile casting perpendicularity deviation is not more than 1/ 100, steel reinforcement cage installation is lifted by crane with large-scale crane, and alignment stake holes center is put into hole, and as stake holes is deeper, steel reinforcement cage, which should be segmented, to be added Work, is docked at aperture, is welded using inconel weld, and weld seam should be full, must not undercut slag inclusion, fusion length is not less than 10d, in order to ensure the verticality of steel reinforcement cage, steel reinforcement cage presses the centralized positioning of stake position in aperture, it is suspended in hole, transfers reinforcing bar Cage should prevent collision hole wall, as decentralization is obstructed, should ascertain the reason, must not underthrust by force, generally using positive and negative rotation, slowly progressively Tripping in；Underwater gliders include：Filling concrete is the important procedure for boring (punching) hole pouring pile, should be paid special attention to, and is bored Hole should can just be irrigated work after quality inspection qualification, and punching pile body strength grade of concrete is C25, and Underwater Concrete fills Note cuts ball progress using the sealing of vertical movable joint conduit, and specific requirement is as follows：1. holding the gate of the quality monitoring of concrete, the slump is controlled 18 In~22cm；2. conduit makes and installation.It is easy to demolition to irrigate conduit, and there are enough strength and stiffness, conduit steel pipe Make, conduit wall thickness should not be less than 3mm, a diameter of 250mm, often save catheter length, and conduit lower part first is 4500mm, conduit Middle part is 1500mm, and conduit top is 300~500mm, and the reverse interface of conduit must add waterstop sealing cushion rubber, it is ensured that connector is close Envelope is good, and seal form uses rubber ring or rubber pad, and endure strict scrutiny grouting equipment before perfusion catheter requirements inner tube Smooth, tripping in conduit is had to accurately, and conduit bottom is controlled in 0.3~0.5m away from bottom hole；3. funnel and storage should be installed at the top of conduit Hopper, funnel setting height(from bottom) should adapt to the needs of operation, when being filled into final stage, can meet to conduit inner concrete pillar height The needs of degree, to ensure the pouring quality of top pile body, the height of concrete column, when being generally less than the water surface in stake holes at stake bottom, 2m should be at least higher by than the water surface, funnel there should be enough capacity to store concrete with storage bin(hopper), mixed to ensure to pour into the first batch Solidifying soil amount can reach the pipe laying height of more than 0.8m；4. water proof bolt：Using Prefabricated Concrete ball block, open and be fixed on conduit with iron wire before filling Inside close at mud face；5. pouring squence：Before perfusion, bottom hole sediment thickness should be measured again, provided as thickness exceedes, should be again Borehole cleaning is carried out, when downcomer, the distance of conduit bottom and bottom hole is can release water proof bolt and concrete as principle, and generally 30 ~50cm；After 6. first batch of concrete continuous constantly irrigates, there should be special messenger's measured hole inner concrete face high brightness, and calculate conduit Buried depth, general control must not be less than 1m or more than 6m, should fill in underwater gliders record in time, such as send out in 2~6m Largely intake in existing conduit, should immediately stop irrigating, ascertain the reason, Reperfu- sion after processing, underwater grouting must be carried out continuously, sternly Prohibit midway to stop filling, in perfusion, it should be noted that observation tube inner concrete declines and water level in borehole situation of change, coagulation in timely measured hole Native face lifting height and segmentation calculate fullness coefficient (fullness coefficient should be between 1.1~1.3), cannot be less than 1；7. conduit is lifted When, steel reinforcement cage must not be tangled, protection triangle stiffened panel can be set or cone-shaped flange shield is set, irrigated by the end of, due to Conduit inner concrete pillar height degree reduces, and over pressure reduces, and mud and the increase of contained dregs denseness outside conduit, proportion increase, When there is concrete lift-up difficulty, the amplitude vibration conduit, but mustn't swing laterally up and down of 300mm can be less than, it is ensured that perfusion It is smoothed out；8. fill eventually, concrete face height is determined using dragging for sample cylinder and fishing for concrete sample, it is contemplated that the influence of mud layer, it is real to fill stake top Concrete surface should be higher than that design more than stake top 0.5m, to ensure stake top concrete quality and non-waste of materials；9. must be random per pile Indwelling test block of sampling must not be less than one group, and conscientiously carry out the maintenance of test block, up to age timely censorship.

6. complexity according to claim 1 rebuilds base pit engineering pile base construction method, it is characterised in that：In the step C Comprise the following steps：1. a position measuring, 2. embedded casings, 3. drillings, the installation of 4. steel reinforcement cages, 5. concretings.

7. complexity according to claim 6 rebuilds base pit engineering pile base construction method, it is characterised in that：Stake position measuring Including：According to design drawing, drilled pile centralized positioning is carried out according to control point by professional survey crew, discharges hole position.According to control The absolute altitude of point is made, measures the ground elevation of every stake, can be with relevant department and personnel, to axis, stake after positioning and absolute altitude measure Position, absolute altitude are checked, and noted down, and can be constructed after meeting design, code requirement, and rotary digging bored concrete pile is in construction same Support pile on one line, stake is separated by too closely with stake, and in order to avoid altering hole, rotary digging stake should be taken (jumps and dig) construction every stake, adjacent Pile concrete age reach 3 days after can drilling construction；Shield-tube embedment includes：Steel pile casting, stake must be buried before rotary digging pile driving construction After base positioning, draw cross tailor's tack to put four control stakes according to stake anchor point, steel sheath cylinder, shield are buried on the basis of four control stakes Tube length degree is determined according to silt depth, it is desirable to through mud, and the 0.3m that bassets, when burying casing, casing central shaft Line aligns the stake position center of measure, and strictly keeps the verticality of casing；Slurrying includes with management：Mud has protection hole wall With the effect of deslagging, mud quality control should be using not collapse hole purpose as principle, since this engineering master stratum is miscellaneous fill, sand Layer, clay, Weathering lamination and basement rock rock stratum etc., so this engineering takes original soil pulping and outside during stake drilling construction Mud is supplemented, mud can use, the circulatory system of mud includes by Percussion Piles from pulping from pulping for rotary digging stake： Slurrying pond, pulp storage tank, sedimentation basin and circulating slot etc..Using concentrate slurrying with for starch, with suction pump by it is main slurry pipe and hose to Each stake must prepare the excellent mud of quantity adequate performance, pulping mainly uses bentonite or clay, water, increasing for slurry before spudding in Stick, the regular maintenance management of mud should be carried out in work progress, it is necessary to the proportion of mud, viscosity, sand factor and colloidization The indexs such as rate are measured, and are adjusted in time to disclosure satisfy that construction requirement, it is ensured that pore-forming high-quality and safety, due to construction supporting stake Position is backfill building waste, backfills and leakiness, work progress there are spillage phenomenon, find horse back recharge mud after spillage Slurry, and the density viscosity of mud is improved, if mud face can not keep stable after mending slurry speed, illustrate, there are more gap, to need Crept into again after row extruding when first backfilling clay and then use Spiral digging machine after leading to；Pore-forming includes：Rotary digging drilling be it is one short into The repetitive cycling process of ruler, more round trips, footage per round trip is short (less than 1m), round trip time short (soil layer 30~40m hole depths, during round trip Between less than 5 minutes, the rotating hours was less than 1 minute), start, Cutter is in drilling tool Gravitative Loads incision underground layer one Smaller depth, the hack turned round with drilling bucket under cutting above soil layer and cutting are put into drilling bucket, and drilling bucket pierces soil depth And the native weight added in drilling bucket is continuously increased, steering resistance also increases, due to the effect of fluid torque-converter in transmission system, with Steering resistance increases the reduction of its rotating speed, and inside and outside drilling rod transmits the groove of moment of torsion, the pressure in bonded contacting surface also increases therewith, at this moment, Manipulate pressurization oil cylinder to pressurize to drill string, its pressure can pass to drill bit, increase drilling bucket penetraction depth；Drilling load increases therewith again Greatly, rotating speed further reduces, and at one within a very short time, penetraction depth steering resistance square increases step by step, and load and rotating speed exist The drilling process of fluctuation in very wide range, this is the distinguishing feature of rotary digging drilling method, and therefore, drilling bucket drops to bottom hole, plays turn At the beginning of disk drives revolution, belong to dead weight drilling, be not pressurized and (pressurize, will be passed due to inside and outside drilling rod in the case where steering resistance is little It is too small to turn round groove, the normal pressure in bonded contacting surface and resulting axial friction, and shrinks drill string), increased in load After to a certain degree, press cylinder is manipulated, is pressurizeed by power head to the drill string short time, pressurized operation can be repeated optionally Carry out 1~2 time, when after pressurization drilling bucket approach also very little is not cut even when, should be to carry brill, therefore in drilling process, operator Pressure, rotating speed instrument and the drilling load variations situation in work chamber should be paid close attention to, pressurizes in due course, carry brill, first using cylinder Formula drilling bucket is crept into, and after creeping into rock stratum or running into old foundation pit barrier, uses spiral drilling bucket pressurization instead and rock stratum is carried out Broken or removing obstacles thing, Spiral digging machine hole termination depth determine to be required according to design drawing, and drilling depth should meet to design It is required that borehole cleaning, installation steel reinforcement cage, placing concrete are carried out after drilling to completion in time.