CN114059921A - Hole-forming construction process for cast-in-place pile in karst strong development area - Google Patents
Hole-forming construction process for cast-in-place pile in karst strong development area Download PDFInfo
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- CN114059921A CN114059921A CN202111365126.5A CN202111365126A CN114059921A CN 114059921 A CN114059921 A CN 114059921A CN 202111365126 A CN202111365126 A CN 202111365126A CN 114059921 A CN114059921 A CN 114059921A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
- E21B47/022—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hole forming construction process for a cast-in-place pile in a karst strong development area, which comprises the following steps: excavating a pile casing hole according to the pile position of the cast-in-place pile foundation, and embedding a pile casing in the pile casing hole; filling a clay rammer between the casing and the wall of the casing hole; aligning the drill bit to the center of the pile position, adjusting the verticality of the drill bit, and drilling along the axial lead direction of the casing; injecting slurry into the protective cylinder, and keeping the height of the slurry higher than the bottom of the protective cylinder; measuring the perpendicularity of the wall of the pile hole in the drilling process; when the hole wall deflects, the drill bit is corrected to keep the drill bit in a vertical state. In the drilling construction process, slurry is injected into the protective cylinder, compared with the conventional concrete filling mode, the concrete cost can be effectively saved, the steps caused by over-square concrete after construction can be saved, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cast-in-place pile construction, in particular to a cast-in-place pile hole forming construction process in a karst strong development area.
Background
In a subway construction project in a limestone rock area of a karst development area, a karst cave development area exists mostly, the bottom layer is complex, the rock entering amount is high, and in the construction process of cast-in-place piles, collapse accidents are easily caused due to slurry leakage of the karst cave, the karst cave is usually backfilled by adopting concrete, so that the workload of chiseling out the ultra-square concrete of the pile body in the later stage of foundation pit excavation is increased. In addition, in the drilling process of the drilling machine, the drill bit is easy to deflect when meeting a karst cave, and the construction period is seriously restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a method which can effectively save the material cost of concrete and correct the deviation of a drill bit of a drilling machine so as to improve the construction efficiency.
The application provides a hole forming construction process for cast-in-place piles in a karst strong development area, which comprises the following steps:
excavating a pile casing hole according to the pile position of the cast-in-place pile foundation, and embedding a pile casing in the pile casing hole;
filling a clay rammer between the casing and the wall of the casing hole;
aligning the drill bit to the center of the pile position, adjusting the verticality of the drill bit, and drilling along the axial lead direction of the casing;
injecting slurry into the protective cylinder, and keeping the height of the slurry higher than the bottom of the protective cylinder;
measuring the perpendicularity of the wall of the pile hole in the drilling process;
when the hole wall deflects, the drill bit is corrected to keep the drill bit in a vertical state.
In one embodiment, when the hole wall is deviated, in the step of correcting the drill to keep the drill in a vertical state, the drill with the diameter larger than that of the pile hole is used for reaming, the drill is reamed to the upper part of the deviated position, the construction is performed downwards by adopting a pressure-reducing slow mill, and after the verticality is stable, the construction is performed by pressurizing.
In one embodiment, in the step of correcting the drill bit to keep the drill bit in a vertical state when the hole wall deflects, for a pile position with too large deflection or a pile position with a long drill bit with poor correction effect and unsuitable for reaming correction, backfilling concrete is adopted for correcting the deflection, and the construction is performed by backfilling the concrete to a position 1-2m above the unknown deflection.
In one embodiment, in the step of correcting the drill bit to keep the drill bit in a vertical state when the hole wall deflects, for a punching pile position with excessive deflection, a piece stone or a steel bar head is backfilled to the position 1-2m above the deflection occurrence position, and the lifting rod is operated to correct the deflection.
In one embodiment, in the step of aligning the drill bit to the pile position center, adjusting the verticality of the drill bit, and drilling along the axial lead direction of the casing, a core drill is adopted to drill at a position 80cm above the top of a rock stratum or the top of a karst cave so as to drill a guide positioning hole, and the guide positioning hole is used for positioning the drill bit.
In one embodiment, in the step of aligning the drill bit to the center of the pile position, adjusting the verticality of the drill bit, and drilling along the axial line direction of the casing, slurry is supplied from a pile-side slurry circulation supply device by using the slurry, and the slurry circulation supply device comprises: a mud pit, a mud pump, and a mud pipe; the mud pit is arranged on the outer side of the pile foundation of the cast-in-place pile and used for storing mud, one end of the mud pipe is communicated with the mud pump, the other end of the mud pipe is communicated with a mud hole in the pile casing, and the mud pump is used for pumping the mud into the pile casing through the mud pipe.
In one embodiment, the slurry is prepared by mixing and stirring sodium bentonite and water, wherein the mixing amount of the sodium bentonite in 1 cubic meter of slurry is 8% of the water consumption.
In one embodiment, in the step of injecting the slurry into the casing and keeping the height of the slurry higher than the casing foot, the height of the slurry is kept higher than the casing foot by more than 0.5 cm.
According to the hole forming construction process for the cast-in-place pile in the karst strong development area, slurry is injected into the pile casing in the drilling construction process, compared with the conventional concrete filling mode, the concrete cost can be saved a little, the steps caused by over-square concrete after construction can be saved, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a hole-forming construction process of a cast-in-place pile in a karst strong development area provided by the application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pile edge slurry circulation supply device in a hole forming construction process of a cast-in-place pile in a karst strong development area provided by the application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of embedding of a pile casing in the hole-forming construction process of a cast-in-place pile in a karst strong development area provided by the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating deviation rectification of a drill bit in an embodiment of a hole forming construction process of a cast-in-place pile in a karst strong development area provided by the application;
FIG. 5 is a first schematic diagram illustrating deviation correction of a drill bit in another embodiment of the hole forming construction process for a cast-in-place pile in a karst strong development area provided by the present application;
FIG. 6 is a second schematic diagram illustrating deviation rectification of a drill bit in another embodiment of the hole forming construction process for a cast-in-place pile in a karst strong development area provided by the present application;
fig. 7 is a third schematic diagram illustrating deviation correction of a drill bit in another embodiment in the hole forming construction process of the cast-in-place pile in the karst strong development area provided by the application.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. Wherein like elements in different embodiments are numbered with like associated elements. In the following description, numerous details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some of the features may be omitted or replaced with other elements, materials, methods in different instances. In some instances, certain operations related to the present application have not been shown or described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the core of the present application from excessive description, and it is not necessary for those skilled in the art to describe these operations in detail, so that they may be fully understood from the description in the specification and the general knowledge in the art.
Furthermore, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification may be combined in any suitable manner to form various embodiments. Also, the various steps or actions in the method descriptions may be transposed or transposed in order, as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. Thus, the various sequences in the specification and drawings are for the purpose of describing certain embodiments only and are not intended to imply a required sequence unless otherwise indicated where such sequence must be followed.
The numbering of the components as such, e.g., "first", "second", etc., is used herein only to distinguish the objects as described, and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "connected" and "coupled" when used in this application, unless otherwise indicated, includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings).
Referring to fig. 1, the hole forming construction process for a cast-in-place pile in a karst strong development area provided by the embodiment includes the following steps:
and a construction preparation step of preparing equipment required by construction, such as hoisting equipment, a drilling machine and the like.
And a pile position lofting step, namely determining the pile position of the pile foundation of the cast-in-place pile according to the construction requirement, wherein the pile position is the central position of the pile foundation. Specifically, the intersection of the cross pile-protecting wires is the pile position of the pile foundation, wherein in the cross wire, the connecting line between the points where the end parts of the two wires are located is the diameter of the pile hole of the pile foundation.
And (3) embedding a pile casing, namely excavating a pile casing hole according to the pile position of the cast-in-place pile foundation, and embedding the pile casing in the pile casing hole.
As shown in fig. 3, the pile casing hole is excavated according to the pile position, except that the diameter of the pile casing 200 is 20cm larger than the diameter of the pile casing hole 100, the length of the pile casing 200 is required to meet the requirements that the bottom of the pile casing 200 enters into the clay layer and is not less than 1.5m, and the top of the pile casing 200 is 0.3m higher than the ground, the depth of the pile casing 200 embedded in the impermeable layer is preferably 1.0-1.5 times of the outer diameter of the pile casing, and the depth of the pile casing 200 embedded in the permeable layer such as sandy soil and silt is preferably equal to the depth of the pile casing 200 but is preferably 0.5m higher than the bottom of the clay casing 200.
And a pile casing filling step, namely, in the process of burying the pile casing 200, after the pile casing is placed, precisely placing the pile position in the pile casing hole again, checking the verticality by using a plumb bob, correcting the position and the verticality of the pile casing and fixing the pile casing, and filling cohesive soil between the pile casing 200 and the hole wall of the pile casing hole 100 for tamping to ensure that the position of the pile casing 200 is lasting, accurate and stable.
And a drilling step, namely moving the rotary drill, aligning a drill bit of the rotary drill to the center of the pile position, adjusting the verticality of the drill bit, and drilling along the axial lead direction of the protective cylinder.
Specifically, the tip of the central drilling tooth at the bottom of the drill bit is aligned to the center of a pile position, the pile position can be crossed through a cross pile protection pull wire, the deviation of two points on the same plumb line is within an allowable deviation range, a memory system for memorizing the plane position of the drilling machine is usually arranged on the rotary drilling rig, the plane position of the drilling machine can be memorized through the memory system, and automatic centering and homing in work are guaranteed.
In this embodiment, at the top of the formation or 80cm above the top of the cavern, drilling is first performed with a core drill to drill a pilot hole that is used to locate the drill bit.
And a slurry injection step, namely injecting slurry into the protective sleeve, keeping the height of the slurry higher than the bottom of the protective sleeve, and keeping the height of the slurry higher than the bottom of the protective sleeve by more than 0.5 cm.
In the present embodiment, the mud is supplied from the pile-side mud circulation supply device 300 by using the mud, and as shown in fig. 2, the mud circulation supply device 300 includes: a mud pit 301, a mud pump 302, and a mud pipe 303; the mud pit 301 is arranged on the outer side of the cast-in-place pile foundation and used for storing mud, one end of a mud pipe 303 is communicated with the mud pump 301, the other end of the mud pipe 303 is communicated with the mud hole 201 in the pile casing 200, and the mud pump 302 is used for pumping the mud into the pile casing through the mud pipe 303.
Specifically, constructors need to keep the mud in the mud pool 301 and the casing 200 in the same plane, when a drilling machine drills to the karst cave, the mud is pumped into the casing from mud holes in the casing through a mud pump, and the karst cave is filled with the mud.
More specifically, the mud pit 300 may be excavated outside the pile foundation by using an excavation method.
In the embodiment, the slurry is prepared by mixing and stirring sodium bentonite and water, wherein the doping amount of the sodium bentonite in 1 cubic meter of slurry is 8% of the water consumption. The slurry is subjected to indoor performance test before use, slurry indexes are adjusted in time according to monitoring data in the construction process, and slurry which does not meet requirements is treated as waste slurry.
And (3) a verticality measuring step, namely measuring the verticality of the wall of the pile hole in the drilling process, and if the verticality deviates, indicating that the drill bit deviates.
Specifically, after the deviation of the hole wall is measured, the side wall of the hole site is processed, the depth of the position of the deviation hole is judged according to the result displayed by the wall measuring map so as to calculate the distance of the pile top position of the designed pile foundation, the degree of the deviation of the hole is judged according to the position on the wall measuring map, and different deviation rectifying measures are adopted according to the degree.
And correcting the drill bit, namely correcting the drill bit to keep the drill bit in a vertical state when the hole wall deflects.
In one embodiment, in the step of correcting the drill to keep the drill in a vertical state when the hole wall is deflected, the drill with the diameter larger than that of the pile hole is used for reaming, the drill is reamed to the upper part of the deflected position, the construction is performed downwards by adopting a pressure-reducing slow mill, and the construction is performed by pressurizing after the verticality is stable. After the deviation correction is finished, the original drill bit can be replaced again for drilling construction.
Specifically, in the above-mentioned reaming and deviation rectifying process, a double-drill is used for drilling, as shown in fig. 4, the double-drill is composed of a first drill 500 and a second drill 600, wherein the second drill 600 is installed at an end of the first drill 500, a diameter of the first drill 600 is a diameter of an originally used drill, the diameter of the first drill 500 is larger than that of the second drill 600, the first drill 500 is used for reaming, and a hole drilled by the second drill 600 can guide the first drill 500.
In an embodiment, in the step of correcting the drill bit to keep the drill bit in a vertical state when the hole wall deflects, for a pile position with too large deflection or a pile position with a long drill bit with poor correction effect and unsuitable for reaming correction, backfilling concrete is adopted for correcting the deflection, and the construction is performed by backfilling the concrete to a position 1-2m above the unknown deflection.
In the embodiment, for the punching pile position with overlarge deflection, the rubble or the reinforcing steel bar head is backfilled to the position 1-2m above the deflection occurrence position, and then the lifting rod is manually operated to carry out hoisting deviation correction.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5-7, the long drill 400 is used for deviation correction, specifically, the deviation parts generated in site drilling construction are basically in the karst cave area and the middle and breeze rock surface positions, and the perpendicularity of the upper pile position is good. When the long drill bit is used for correcting deviation, pile hole positions with good verticality are arranged on the upper portion of the drill bit, so that the upper barrel of the drill bit can be limited, and the drill bit cannot advance the ruler along the inclined hole positions in a forward and oblique mode during drilling. The drill bit grinds away the rock blocks in the inclined inlet hole and drills until the rock blocks reach the construction depth position, and then deviation rectification can be completed. And then replacing the original drill bit to carry out drilling construction.
In conclusion, in the hole forming construction process for the cast-in-place pile in the karst strong development area, slurry is injected into the pile casing in the drilling construction process, compared with the conventional concrete filling mode, the concrete cost can be saved a little, the steps caused by over-square concrete after construction can be saved, and the construction efficiency is improved.
The present invention has been described in terms of specific examples, which are provided to aid understanding of the invention and are not intended to be limiting. For a person skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions may be made according to the idea of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A hole forming construction process for cast-in-place piles in karst strong development areas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
excavating a pile casing hole according to the pile position of the cast-in-place pile foundation, and embedding a pile casing in the pile casing hole;
filling a clay rammer between the casing and the wall of the casing hole;
aligning the drill bit to the center of the pile position, adjusting the verticality of the drill bit, and drilling along the axial lead direction of the casing;
injecting slurry into the protective cylinder, and keeping the height of the slurry higher than the bottom of the protective cylinder;
measuring the perpendicularity of the wall of the pile hole in the drilling process;
when the hole wall deflects, the drill bit is corrected to keep the drill bit in a vertical state.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein when the walls of the holes are deviated, the drill is deviated to maintain the vertical position, the drill with a diameter larger than the diameter of the pile hole is used to expand the hole to the upper part of the deviated position, the construction is performed downward by a pressure-reducing slow mill, and the construction is performed by pressurization after the verticality is stabilized.
3. The hole-forming construction process for cast-in-place piles in karst strong development areas as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of correcting the drill bit to keep the drill bit in a vertical state when the hole wall is deflected, for pile positions with excessive deflection or pile positions with poor correction effect of long drill bits and unsuitable for reaming correction, backfilling concrete is adopted for correction, and the construction is carried out by backfilling the concrete to a position 1-2m above the unknown deflection.
4. The hole forming construction process for cast-in-place piles in karst strong development areas as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of correcting the drill bit to maintain the drill bit in a vertical state when the hole wall is deflected, for punched pile positions with excessive deflection, the lifting rod is operated to correct the deviation by hanging and hitting, and the rubble or the reinforcement head is backfilled to the position 1-2m above the deflection position.
5. The hole-forming construction process for a cast-in-place pile in a karst strong development area as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of aligning the drill bit to the center of the pile position, adjusting the verticality of the drill bit, and drilling along the axial lead direction of the casing, a core drill is adopted to drill at a position 80cm above the top of a rock stratum or the top of the karst cave so as to drill a guide positioning hole, and the guide positioning hole is used for positioning the drill bit.
6. The process of claim 1, wherein in the step of aligning the drill bit to the center of the pile position, adjusting the verticality of the drill bit, and drilling along the axial line direction of the casing, the slurry is supplied from a slurry circulation supply device at the edge of the pile by using the slurry, and the slurry circulation supply device comprises: a mud pit, a mud pump, and a mud pipe; the mud pit is arranged on the outer side of the pile foundation of the cast-in-place pile and used for storing mud, one end of the mud pipe is communicated with the mud pump, the other end of the mud pipe is communicated with a mud hole in the pile casing, and the mud pump is used for pumping the mud into the pile casing through the mud pipe.
7. The hole-forming construction process for a cast-in-place pile in a karst strong development area as claimed in claim 6, wherein the slurry is prepared by mixing and stirring sodium bentonite and water, wherein the doping amount of the sodium bentonite in 1 cubic meter of the slurry is 8% of the water consumption.
8. The hole forming construction process for a cast-in-place pile in a karst strong development area as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of injecting slurry into the casing and keeping the height of the slurry higher than the bottom of the casing, the height of the slurry is kept higher than the bottom of the casing by more than 0.5 cm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111365126.5A CN114059921A (en) | 2021-11-17 | 2021-11-17 | Hole-forming construction process for cast-in-place pile in karst strong development area |
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| CN202111365126.5A CN114059921A (en) | 2021-11-17 | 2021-11-17 | Hole-forming construction process for cast-in-place pile in karst strong development area |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115198770A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-18 | 浙江易通特种基础工程股份有限公司 | Positioning pile casing device and static drilling rooted pile construction method using same |
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