CN104145670A - Planting method for controlling pimento epidemic diseases by interplanting field of pimento with garlic - Google Patents
Planting method for controlling pimento epidemic diseases by interplanting field of pimento with garlic Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a planting method for controlling pimento epidemic diseases by interplanting the field of pimento with garlic. The method includes the steps that ridging is conducted, the pimento is planted in a twin-row mode, the garlic is generally planted, three rows of garlic are planted every 6-10 rows of pimento in a pimento variety field in a mixed mode, and it is required that the pimento variety is about 10 cm higher than the garlic variety; the line spacing of the pimento is 40 cm, the planting distance of the pimento is 40 cm, the garlic is interplanted in field ditches, the line spacing of the garlic is 15 cm, and the planting distance of the garlic is 8 cm; the line spacing of the pimento and the garlic is 15 cm; pesticide liquid with the concentration being 250 mg/L is prepared through 50% dimethomorph wettable powder and warm water at the temperature of 55 DEG C before seedling cultivation, selected pimento seeds are steeped in the pesticide liquid, steeping and stirring are performed at the same time, and the seeds are fished out and dried after 20 minutes for seedling cultivation. According to the technology, by interplanting the field of pimento with garlic, the garlic can secrete allicin in the growing process, and the allicin accumulated in soil can deform pathogenic bacterium mycelia of the pimento epidemic diseases, deform spore germ tubes and reduce the spore germination quantity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crop genetics field, relate in particular to the implantation methods that a kind of pimento interplanting garlic is controlled pimento epidemic disease.
Background technology
Pimento epidemic disease is a kind of soil-borne disease being caused by Phytophthora capsici (Phytophthora capsici); Cause the underproduction, even have no harvest, become the destructive disease of pimento in world wide.Phytophthora capsici (P.capsici) is that typical soil and water pass disease, take soil propagation as main.Pathogen survives in soil with hypopus or saprophytic state.After surviving the winter, pathogen is splashed or irrigation water propagation through rainwater, infects pimento basal part of stem, and after catching an illness, scab place cortex rots, gradually withered death.Continuous cropping, impeded drainage, density is excessive, plant is weak etc. easily causes this sick large area to occur.
Current, pimento adopts the single continuous cropping of large area in producing, and is easy to cause pimento epidemic disease seriously to occur, and has affected the sustainable development of pimento industry.In Qinghai, the province large area such as Xinjiang, Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi occurs, outbreak year part usually makes pimento almost have no harvest, and has caused heavy economic losses.Pimento epidemic disease is one of factor of the current pimento industry development of restriction.For example Shanxi Province's pimento epidemic disease great outburst in recent years, the pimento epidemic disease incidence of disease approximately 40%; Production loss rate approximately 60%.The chemical measure control of main employing pimento disease in production, but easily make the problems such as pathogen develops immunity to drugs, pathogen Strain differentiation, residue of pesticide.Therefore, need to seek new method control pimento disease, to reduce medicament and use, extend medicament service time.
It is a kind of cultural control measure that disease is controlled in crop interplanting; In today of paying attention to utilizing bio-diversity Developing Sustainable Agriculture, this traditional farming prevention and elimination of disease and pests technology application in modern agriculture and the ecological agriculture more and more receives publicity.At present, find about how interplanting pattern and how planting that can effectively to control epidemic disease not fully aware of.
In view of above-mentioned defect, creator of the present invention has obtained this creation through long research and practice.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pimento interplanting garlic to control the implantation methods of pimento epidemic disease, in order to overcome above-mentioned technological deficiency.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of pimento interplanting garlic and control the implantation methods of pimento epidemic disease, the plantation of pimento ridging duplicate rows, the common plantation of garlic, Sweet Pepper Varieties Tanaka inserts 3 row garlic cultivars every 6～10 row companion plantings, requires Sweet Pepper Varieties higher more than approximately 10 centimetres than garlic cultivar; Pimento line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 40cm, garlic is interplanted in the middle of furrow, garlic line-spacing 15cm, spacing in the rows 8cm; Pimento and garlic line-spacing 15cm;
Before growing seedlings, 50% dimethomorph wetting powder is mixed with to the liquid that concentration is 250mg/L with 55 ℃ of warm water, the pimento seed of choosing is soaked in liquid, stir on immersion limit, limit, after 20 minutes, seed is pulled out, dried, in order to growing seedlings use.
Further, transplant before pimento seedling 15～20 days, by fertilizer per hectare, 18000kg makes base fertilizer, and fertilizer successively, is evenly applied to experimental field, rotovator by experimental field loosing soil, smooth after, ridging; Every 3 row garlics, be pimento growing area: row spacing 50cm, the high 20cm in ridge, furrow width 30cm, covering with plastic film; Interplanting garlic district: row spacing 50cm, the high 20cm in ridge, furrow width 50cm.
Further, when open country temperature is transplanted pimento seedling during at 12 ℃～15 ℃, the local implantation time over the years of planting garlic time reference.
Further, before transplanting, 50% dimethomorph wetting powder is made to liquid, seedling culture hole plate is dipped in the liquid preparing, liquid dips in root 30 seconds, stirs lightly twice, and liquid is fully attached on plant root, can transplant;
During transplanting, on alley, punch about diameter 5cm left and right, dark 10～15cm in both sides, every ridge 2 row; Transplant pimento, Sweet pepper seedlings is positioned in the hole of alley both sides 5cm left and right, dark 10～15cm left and right, earthing compacting, water.
Further, during interplanting, 5 large-ridge double-row pimentos are interplanted 3 row garlics, i.e. pimento 10 row, garlic 3 row.
Further, during interplanting, 4 large-ridge double-row pimentos are interplanted 3 row garlics, i.e. pimento 8 row, garlic 3 row.
Further, during interplanting, 3 large-ridge double-row pimentos are interplanted 3 row garlics, i.e. pimento 6 row, garlic 3 row.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is compared with prior art: the present invention is by interplanting garlic by pimento, in Garlic Growth process, can secrete allicin, the allicin accumulating in soil can make the distortion of pimento epidemic disease pathogen (P.capsici) mycelia, spore germ tube is lopsided, spore germination amount is few, effectively controls pimento epidemic disease primary source of infection.
The present invention interplants garlic by pimento, and garlic can stimulate pimento to produce various protective enzymes enzymic activitys such as (obviously increase) POD, SOD, increases disease resistance of plant.Moreover, by the two, rationally to interplant, the complementation of object space is made in performance, increases the ventilation and penetrating light of intercropping colony.Reduce disease generation, improved pimento quality.In addition, pimento epidemic disease belongs to soil biography, edema evil, and by Ridged plant pimento, the ventilation and penetrating light of increase crop groups is also effectively controlled and intercepted pimento epidemic disease pathogen along with the propagation of irrigation large area, is unfavorable for the generation of disease.
The present invention is that a traditional farming is prevented and treated disease technology, for developing modern agriculture and the ecological agriculture, sustainable agriculture provide technical support.The present invention interplants garlic, pimento raised bed cultivate, 3 technology masters of seedling raising and transplanting with pimento, be aided with hot water treatment of seeds, seedling dips in 2 technology of root, can effectively control pimento epidemic disease, reduces primary source of infection.In the situation that guaranteeing disease hazard rate less than 5%, reduce agricultural chemicals and use 2～3 times, can save 70～100 yuan of agricultural chemicals and costs of labor for every mu.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Growth of Pepper phase pimento epidemic disease incidence of disease trend statistical chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, to the present invention is above-mentioned, be described in more detail with other technical characterictic and advantage.
The detailed process that pimento interplanting garlic of the present invention is controlled the method for pimento epidemic disease is: Sweet Pepper Varieties Tanaka, every 6～10 row (3～5 ridge) interplanting, 3 row garlics, require Sweet Pepper Varieties higher more than approximately 10 centimetres than garlic cultivar; The plantation of pimento ridging duplicate rows, pimento line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 40cm, garlic is interplanted in the middle of furrow, garlic line-spacing 15cm, spacing in the rows 8cm; Pimento and garlic line-spacing 15cm.Before growing seedlings, 50% dimethomorph wetting powder is mixed with to the liquid that concentration is 250mg/L with 55 ℃ of warm water, the pimento seed of choosing is soaked in liquid, stir on immersion limit, limit, after 20 minutes, seed is pulled out, dried, in order to growing seedlings use.
Transplant before pimento seedling 15～20 days, by fertilizer per hectare, 18000kg makes base fertilizer, and fertilizer successively, is evenly applied to experimental field, rotovator by experimental field loosing soil, smooth after, ridging; Every 3 row garlics, be pimento growing area: row spacing 50cm, the high 20cm in ridge, furrow width 30cm, covering with plastic film.Pimento interplanting garlic district: row spacing 50cm, the high 20cm in ridge, furrow width 50cm.
Pimento transplanting time is when open country temperature is stabilized in 12 ℃～15 ℃ (transplanting in about 15 days May of Shuozhou, shanxi Province Ying County), to transplant pimento seedling.The local implantation time over the years of planting garlic time reference.
Before transplanting, 50% dimethomorph wetting powder (1000 times) is made to liquid, seedling culture hole plate is dipped in the liquid preparing, liquid dips in root 30 seconds (stirring lightly twice), and liquid is fully attached on plant root, can transplant.During transplanting, on alley, both sides (distance ground film edge 5cm) punches about diameter 5cm left and right, dark 10～15cm, every ridge 2 row.Seedling raising and transplanting pimento, is positioned over Sweet pepper seedlings in the hole of about alley both sides 5cm, dark 10～15cm left and right, earthing compacting, waters.
Below by concrete test, interplanting method of the present invention is described.
Embodiment, by three processing of the inventive method do, is respectively processing 1, and processing 2 and processing 3 contrast as contrasting 1, contrast 2, contrasting 3.
Processing comprises the steps:
Embodiment Sweet Pepper Varieties used is " huge circle 216 ", and garlic cultivar is " purple garlic "., 2013 river township, high hill, Shuozhou City Ying County, Nian Shanxi Province Ming He scientific and technological park field experiments in 2012.
Pimento adopts point disk seedling growing method, before growing seedlings, 50% dimethomorph wetting powder is mixed with to the liquid that concentration is 250mg/L with 55 ℃ of warm water, the pimento seed of choosing is soaked in liquid, limit is soaked limit and is stirred, after 20 minutes, seed is pulled out, dried, in order to growing seedlings use.
First 15～20 days of pimento transplantation of seedlings, by fertilizer per hectare, 18750kg makes base fertilizer, and fertilizer successively, is evenly applied to experimental field, rotovator by experimental field loosing soil, smooth after, ridging; Every 3～5 ridges, be pimento growing area: row spacing 50cm, the high 20cm in ridge, furrow width 30cm, covering with plastic film.Pimento interplanting garlic district: row spacing 50cm, the high 20cm in ridge, furrow width 50cm.The plantation of pimento ridging duplicate rows, pimento line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 40cm, garlic is interplanted in the middle of furrow, garlic line-spacing 15cm, spacing in the rows 8cm; Pimento and garlic line-spacing 15cm.
Pimento transplanting time is when open country temperature is stabilized in 12 ℃～15 ℃ (transplanting in about 15 days May of Shuozhou, shanxi Province Ying County), to transplant pimento seedling.The local implantation time over the years of planting garlic time reference
Before transplanting, 50% dimethomorph wetting powder (1000 times) is made to liquid, seedling culture hole plate is dipped in the liquid preparing, liquid dips in root 30 seconds, stirs lightly twice, and liquid is fully attached on plant root, can transplant.During transplanting, on alley, both sides (distance ground film edge 5cm) punches about diameter 5cm left and right, dark 10～15cm, every ridge 2 row.Seedling raising and transplanting pimento, is positioned over Sweet pepper seedlings in the hole of about alley both sides 5cm, dark 10～15cm left and right, earthing compacting, waters.
Companion planting pattern:
Process 1:5 large-ridge double-row pimento and interplant 3 row garlics (pimento 10 row: garlic 3 row);
Process 2:4 large-ridge double-row pimento and interplant 3 row garlics (pimento 8 row: garlic 3 row);
Process 3:3 large-ridge double-row pimento and interplant 3 row garlics (pimento 6 row: garlic 3 row);
Contrast 1 is plantation pimento (not ridging 6 row pimentos) all;
Contrast 2 is plantation pimento (not ridging 5 row pimentos) all;
Contrast 3 is plantation pimento (not ridging 4 row pimentos) all.
Transplant: (distance ground film edge 5cm) punching diameter 5cm left and right, dark 10～15cm left and right on alley, Sweet pepper seedlings is positioned in the hole of alley both sides 5cm left and right, dark 10～15cm left and right, pimento and garlic line-spacing 15cm, earthing compacting, water.
Pimento, garlic field management: with common pimento, the management of garlic field planting.
No pesticide grown in whole pimento planting process, investigation pimento epidemic disease incidence.The calculating of investigation method, the incidence of disease is planted disease research method > > with reference to < <.
Incidence of disease computational methods:
As can be seen from Figure 1, along with continuous growth and the maturation of pimento, pimento nonoculture district and pimento interplanting garlic treatment region pimento epidemic disease significant difference.The pimento maturing stage, each processes pimento epidemic disease average attack rate is to process 1 (8.2%) < to process 2 (7.3%) < processing 3 (7.6%) < contrast 1 (45.5%) < contrast 2 (57.9%) < contrasts 3 (54.5%) from high to low successively, the incidence of disease is low, control efficiency good in 3 processing (pimento and garlic ratio are 10: 3,8: 3,6: 3) of pimento interplanting garlic, processing with contrast both and compare significant difference.Visible, pimento interplanting garlic is aided with the generation that seed processing technology can obviously reduce pimento epidemic disease.
The present invention is that a traditional farming is prevented and treated disease technology, for developing modern agriculture and the ecological agriculture, sustainable agriculture provide technical support.This technology is interplanted garlic, pimento raised bed cultivate, 3 technology masters of seedling raising and transplanting with pimento, be aided with hot water treatment of seeds, seedling dips in 2 technology of root, can effectively control pimento epidemic disease, reduces primary source of infection.In the situation that guaranteeing disease hazard rate less than 5%, reduce agricultural chemicals and use 2～3 times, can save 70～100 yuan of agricultural chemicals and costs of labor for every mu.
Pimento interplanting garlic, in Garlic Growth process, can secrete allicin, the allicin accumulating in soil can make the distortion of pimento epidemic disease pathogen (P.capsici) mycelia, spore germ tube is lopsided, spore germination amount is few, effectively controls pimento epidemic disease primary source of infection.The two rationally interplants pimento and garlic, can stimulate generation enzymic activitys such as (obviously increase) POD, SOD of the various protective enzymes of pimento, increases disease resistance of plant.Moreover, by the two, rationally interplant the effect of performance crop spatial complementary, the ventilation and penetrating light of increase intercropping colony.Reduce disease generation, improved pimento quality.
In addition, pimento epidemic disease belongs to soil, water passes disease, and by Ridged plant pimento, the ventilation and penetrating light of increase crop groups effectively control intercept pathogen along with irrigation large area is propagated, and are unfavorable for the generation of disease.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is only illustrative for invention, and nonrestrictive.Those skilled in the art is understood, and in the spirit and scope that limit, can carry out many changes to it in invention claim, revise, and even equivalence, but all will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a pimento is interplanted the implantation methods that garlic is controlled pimento epidemic disease, it is characterized in that, the plantation of pimento ridging duplicate rows, the common plantation of garlic, Sweet Pepper Varieties Tanaka inserts 3 row garlic cultivars every 6～10 row companion plantings, requires Sweet Pepper Varieties higher more than approximately 10 centimetres than garlic cultivar; Pimento line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 40cm, garlic is interplanted in the middle of furrow, garlic line-spacing 15cm, spacing in the rows 8cm; Pimento and garlic line-spacing 15cm;
Before growing seedlings, 50% dimethomorph wetting powder is mixed with to the liquid that concentration is 250mg/L with 55 ℃ of warm water, the pimento seed of choosing is soaked in liquid, stir on immersion limit, limit, after 20 minutes, seed is pulled out, dried, in order to growing seedlings use.
2. pimento interplanting garlic according to claim 1 is controlled the implantation methods of pimento epidemic disease, it is characterized in that, transplant pimento seedling 15～20 days before, by fertilizer per hectare, 18000kg makes base fertilizer, fertilizer successively, is evenly applied to experimental field, rotovator by experimental field loosing soil, smooth after, ridging; Every 3 row garlics, be pimento growing area: row spacing 50cm, the high 20cm in ridge, furrow width 30cm, covering with plastic film; Interplanting garlic district: row spacing 50cm, the high 20cm in ridge, furrow width 50cm.
3. pimento according to claim 2 interplanting garlic is controlled the implantation methods of pimento epidemic disease, it is characterized in that, when open country temperature is transplanted pimento seedling, the local implantation time over the years of planting garlic time reference during at 12 ℃～15 ℃.
4. pimento interplanting garlic according to claim 3 is controlled the implantation methods of pimento epidemic disease, it is characterized in that, before transplanting, 50% dimethomorph wetting powder is made to liquid, seedling culture hole plate is dipped in the liquid preparing, liquid dips in root 30 seconds, stir lightly twice, liquid is fully attached on plant root, can transplant;
During transplanting, on alley, punch about diameter 5cm left and right, dark 10～15cm in both sides, every ridge 2 row; Transplant pimento, Sweet pepper seedlings is positioned in the hole of alley both sides 5cm left and right, dark 10～15cm left and right, earthing compacting, water.
5. pimento according to claim 1 interplanting garlic is controlled the implantation methods of pimento epidemic disease, it is characterized in that, during interplanting, 5 large-ridge double-row pimentos are interplanted 3 row garlics, i.e. pimento 10 row, garlic 3 row.
6. pimento according to claim 1 interplanting garlic is controlled the implantation methods of pimento epidemic disease, it is characterized in that, during interplanting, 4 large-ridge double-row pimentos are interplanted 3 row garlics, i.e. pimento 8 row, garlic 3 row.
7. pimento according to claim 1 interplanting garlic is controlled the implantation methods of pimento epidemic disease, it is characterized in that, during interplanting, 3 large-ridge double-row pimentos are interplanted 3 row garlics, i.e. pimento 6 row, garlic 3 row.
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| CN106034613A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-26 | 青岛农业大学 | Garlic-pod pepper-coin triple-cropping high-efficiency stereo plantation method |
| CN106171477A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-12-07 | 广德佳果果蔬产销专业合作社 | A kind of cultivation technique of Bulbus Allii interplanting Fructus Capsici |
| CN106305085A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所 | Sweet pepper sunlight greenhouse autumn delay overwintering annual production cultivation method |
| CN108064491A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-05-25 | 安徽果致农业发展有限公司 | A kind of method for treating seeds for promoting pimento nutritional quality |
| CN109089714A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2018-12-28 | 安徽世茂中药股份有限公司 | A kind of method of Chinese prickly ash and red stilbene intercropping |
| CN113661886A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-19 | 东北农业大学 | Ecological cultivation method for preventing and controlling pepper phytophthora blight and enhancing quality and efficiency by planting dandelion |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106034613A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-26 | 青岛农业大学 | Garlic-pod pepper-coin triple-cropping high-efficiency stereo plantation method |
| CN106171477A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-12-07 | 广德佳果果蔬产销专业合作社 | A kind of cultivation technique of Bulbus Allii interplanting Fructus Capsici |
| CN106305085A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所 | Sweet pepper sunlight greenhouse autumn delay overwintering annual production cultivation method |
| CN108064491A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-05-25 | 安徽果致农业发展有限公司 | A kind of method for treating seeds for promoting pimento nutritional quality |
| CN109089714A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2018-12-28 | 安徽世茂中药股份有限公司 | A kind of method of Chinese prickly ash and red stilbene intercropping |
| CN113661886A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-19 | 东北农业大学 | Ecological cultivation method for preventing and controlling pepper phytophthora blight and enhancing quality and efficiency by planting dandelion |
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