CN107372121B - The method that tuber of pinellia three generations's seedling stem breeding of method is established - Google Patents
The method that tuber of pinellia three generations's seedling stem breeding of method is established Download PDFInfo
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- CN107372121B CN107372121B CN201710797168.3A CN201710797168A CN107372121B CN 107372121 B CN107372121 B CN 107372121B CN 201710797168 A CN201710797168 A CN 201710797168A CN 107372121 B CN107372121 B CN 107372121B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/001—Culture apparatus for tissue culture
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of establishing techniques of tuber of pinellia three generations seedling stem breeding of method, the method comprise the steps that the cultivation of the cultivation of tuber of pinellia original silkworm egg, the cultivation of tuber of pinellia original seed and tuber of pinellia commercial generation seedling stem, the viral strain rate of tuber of pinellia commercial generation seedling stem obtained is lower than 5% by the method for the invention, and the cost of commercial generation seedling stem is lower than the cost of common seedling stem on the market, it can integrate with market in price, the per mu yield obtained with the plantation of commercial generation tuber of pinellia seedling stem is much higher than tuber of pinellia seedling stem common on the market.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Chinese herbal medicine field of planting, and in particular to a kind of method that tuber of pinellia three generations seedling stem breeding of method is established.
Background technique
The tuber of pinellia (scientific name: Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit) is Araeceae herbaceos perennial.The tuber of pinellia
It is used as medicine with processed underground stem tuber.Principle active component is alkaloid, pinellin etc..The tuber of pinellia has preventing or arresting vomiting resolving sputum, the ruffian that disappears to dissipate
Function is tied, discovery has antitumor, Robust speaker feature, protect liver, effect for reducing blood fat in recent years.The tuber of pinellia dispel lung's phlegm the effect of, other eliminating the phlegm product
Kind can not replace.
China's tuber of pinellia resource distribution is extensive, and in addition to the Inner Mongol, Xinjiang, Qinghai, Tibet have no wild, remaining each province has half
Summer distribution.On the south China the Yellow River, the tuber of pinellia is usually emerged in lunar calendar February or the first ten-day period of the March, the middle ten days and the last ten days in May to June the first tenday period of a month gas
When temperature is more than 30 DEG C or more, aerial part plant withers (being commonly called as sprout tumble), when seven August weathers slightly turn cool, emergence life again
It is long, nine Octobers when temperature is lower than 15 DEG C, tuber of pinellia sprout tumble again.The tuber of pinellia after sprout tumble, then can harvest underground stem tuber twice.
The tuber of pinellia belongs to shallow root system plant, and the content of organic matter is up to 1.12% or more, and salt content is 0.11% or more, pH value 7.4
Sandy loam once is the plantation optimum soil of the tuber of pinellia.
Before the 1970s, the market demand is mainly met by digging Wild Rhizoma Pinelliae, and market supply is all right.From
Since the seventies, demand of the market to the tuber of pinellia increasingly increases, and wild resource is increasingly depleted, and supply-demand relationship is gradually nervous, tuber of pinellia valence
Lattice are constantly soaring, and mixed adulterant floods market.Since the eighties, people start to explore the labour cost cultivation that Wild Rhizoma Pinelliae is changed to family's kind
Technology.The tuber of pinellia can carry out sexual propagation with seed (in spathe), but asexual mainly by stem tuber, bulbil progress in production practices
Breeding.The tuber of pinellia seedling stem that current each producing region generallys use harvest is reserved seed for planting, or excavation Wild Rhizoma Pinelliae is planted, and germplasm easily degenerates, body
Easily variation, situation serious person causes to rot and significantly underproduction loss on a large scale, therefore can not continuously use as kind.
For solve that the wild provenance of the tuber of pinellia is deficient, provenance is degenerated with mix, tissue-cultured seedling is at high cost is difficult to be directly used in commodity half
The system of three generations's seedling stem breeding of method is established in the problems such as summer produces, present invention proposition, solves degenerate problem using tissue culture technology, together
When overcome simple tissue-cultured seedling selling at exorbitant prices, may not apply to the problem of commodity production, effectively solve kind of a source problem.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome disadvantages mentioned above existing in the prior art, a kind of tuber of pinellia three generations seedling stem breeding is provided
The method of Establishing, which can get viral strain rate lower than 5% seedling stem not yet degenerated and cost is lower than general on the market
The cost of logical tuber of pinellia seedling stem is easier to promote to peasant household.
To achieve the goals above, the method comprise the steps that
Step 1: the cultivation of tuber of pinellia original silkworm egg
The tissue-cultured seedling for choosing 2cm high, cuts root peripheral part, leaves and takes root 0.2cm × 0.2cm × 0.2cm, be seeded to
It filling in the bottle of culture medium, it is 26 ± 2 DEG C, illuminance 2000Lux in temperature that the pH of culture medium, which is 5.8, illumination 12 hours/
It is cultivated 40-50 days under conditions of it, when kind stem diameter reaches 0.5-1.0cm in bottle, washes away agar around, seedling stem of drying in the shade, as original
Original seed is spare.Tissue-cultured seedling is not polluted by any fungi, bacterium etc., and after detoxification female parent is made, inoculation skilled worker must be according to tissue culture reality
Room requirement is tested, is aseptically inoculated with and cultivates, carries out sampling check for quality before transplanting, it is ensured that seedling stem is without any germ.
Step 2: the cultivation of tuber of pinellia original seed
In natural conditions good (High aititude, aphid are few, weather is nice and cool), natural isolation condition is good, periphery (in 800 meters) without it
Under conditions of his any tuber of pinellia, the tuber of pinellia primary stock culture that step 1 tissue culture is obtained cultivates 60- on greenhouse matrix seedbed
70 days, follow-up of quality monitoring is carried out by the range estimation of field inspection personnel during cultivation, to obtain without various fungies, bacterium
Disease, field virus strain rate are no more than 1% tuber of pinellia seedling stem, and bulbil and the stem tuber for choosing diameter 1.0-1.2cm are standby as original seed
With.
Step 3: the cultivation of commercial generation seedling stem
Natural conditions good (High aititude, aphid are few, weather is nice and cool), natural isolation condition preferably, periphery (in 800 meters)
Under conditions of other any tuber of pinellia, the tuber of pinellia original seed cultivated in step 2 is transplanted on open country and covering Small plastic shed,
Cultivation 60-70 days carries out follow-up of quality monitoring by the range estimation of field inspection personnel during cultivation, to obtain without various true
Bacterium, bacteriosis, field virus strain rate are no more than 5% tuber of pinellia seedling stem, choose bulbil and the stem tuber conduct of diameter 1.2-1.5cm
Commercial generation seedling stem guarantees that seedling stem (viral strain rate is lower than 5%) before not yet serious degeneration just can apply to the production of the commodity tuber of pinellia.
In the present invention, further, in tuber of pinellia breading protospecies further include:
The production of greenhouse medium of seedling bed
Peat and vermiculite are uniformly mixed in the ratio of 1:1, make wide 1.2 meters, 0.15 centimeter high, length is less than 10 meters
Seedbed, and base manure is applied on seedbed, base manure includes decomposed manure, calcium superphosphate, compound fertilizer's (phosphorous, potassium), is had by decomposed
Machine 1 ton/mu of fertilizer, 50 kgs/acre of calcium superphosphate, the proportion of 50 kgs/acre of compound fertilizer's (phosphorous, potassium).
Sowing
It sows in rainwater to during the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), before sowing, is soaked seed 20 minutes using 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid
Or 2% potassium nitrate solution immersion 24 hours, it is sowed after draining, application rate is double centner/mu, can broadcast sowing bulb in furrow face and cover
Soil；Shallow slot can also be drawn with small rod, bulb is sown into shallow slot and earthing, depth of planting are 3-5 centimetres, after planting sprays second grass
Then amine, weeding before bud cover mulch or 2-4 cm thick crushing straw or decomposed leaf moisture-heat preservation.Go out again after " sprout tumble " every time
Miao Qianke is reseeded.
In the present invention, further, in the cultivation of tuber of pinellia commercial generation seedling stem further include:
Selection of land and site preparation
Selecting fertile soil, draining to pour water, good, quality is loose, soil layer is deep, and pH is between 6-7, the content of organic matter 1.2%
Above sandy loam or yellow soil applies base manure before Soil tillage, and base manure includes decomposed manure, calcium superphosphate, compound fertilizer
(phosphorous, potassium), by 3-4 tons/mu of decomposed manure, 50 kgs/acre of calcium superphosphate, 50 kgs/acre of compound fertilizer's (phosphorous, potassium) matches
Than playing flat furrow of 1 meter or so the wide, length less than 30 meters after shallow plowing is raked.
Sowing
It sows in rainwater to during the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), before sowing, is soaked seed 20 minutes using 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid
Or 2% potassium nitrate solution immersion 24 hours, it is sowed after draining, application rate is 200,000 grams/acre, can broadcast sowing bulb in furrow face and cover
Soil；Shallow slot can also be drawn with small rod, bulb is sown into shallow slot and earthing, depth of planting are 3-5 centimetres, after planting sprays second grass
Then amine, weeding before bud cover mulch or 2-4 cm thick crushing straw or decomposed leaf moisture-heat preservation.Go out again after " sprout tumble " every time
Miao Qianke is reseeded.
In the present invention, further, in tuber of pinellia breading protospecies and tuber of pinellia commercial generation seedling stem are cultivated, after planting further include
Field management:
(1) tongue fur is gone in time: when the tuber of pinellia starts bolting, being extractd flower tongue as early as possible, be reduced nutrient consumption.
(2) tillage and weeding: the tools such as hoe are not used when weeding as far as possible, by the way of artificial weeding.It is general to carry out 2-3
It is secondary, focus on the non-Feng Hangqian of Seedling Stage, it is desirable that except it is early, except it is small, do not hurt root.
(3) top dressing is earthed up: growth period top dressing 2-3 times can apply 1000 kgs/acre of people and animals' liquid dung of 1:3, and the middle and later periods can every 7-
0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is applied within 10 days as foliar fertilizer.Pay attention to ridging to cover fertilizer and bulbil.Nitrogenous fertilizer is controlled, in order to avoid excessive growth；It can
Cycocel (such as paclobutrazol, uniconazole P) Spindling control is sprayed, concentration is referred to explanation.Phosphorus potash fertilizer is mainly used, underground is promoted
Some growth.
(4) row irrigation: the hygrophilous profit of the tuber of pinellia is afraid of flood.When temperature is at 20 DEG C, soil is suitable for that humidity is 15-20%；When being more than
At 20 DEG C, especially up to 30 DEG C and the above high temperature when, soil is suitable for that humidity is 20-30%.In different temperatures, if be lower than
Suitable soil moisture it is necessary to being irrigated in time.Stem tuber summer, the water requirement phase of expansion is big, and the maturity period needs water to reduce.
(5) anti-sprout tumble: midsummer suitably shades, throws cold water on, or spray 0.01% sodium sulfite solution, can anti-sprout tumble, to prolong
Long growth period increases yield.
(6) integrated pest prevention and control
1) it enhances field management: extracing diseased plant in time, remove pathogeny, and spread lime disinfection in diseased plant surrounding；It is clear in time
It cuts weeds, keeps field cleaning.
2) it applies fertilizers scientifically, irrigate.
3) tuber of pinellia main diseases and insect pests type, morbidity and Control stage, disease symptom and chemical prevention and control method
In the present invention, further, culture medium used in step 1 is MS culture medium+6-BA0.5mg/L+ paclobutrazol
0.4mg/L+ sucrose 5g/L+ active carbon 50mg/L+ agar 6.5g/L.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) commercial generation tuber of pinellia seedling stem be viral strain rate lower than 5% not yet degenerate it is high-quality
Tuber of pinellia seedling stem, the per mu yield obtained with the plantation of commercial generation tuber of pinellia seedling stem is much higher than tuber of pinellia seedling stem common on the market；(2) dilution half
Summer tissue culture cost, commercial generation seedling stem made of breeding tissue-cultured seedling can integrate in price with market, make the commodity tuber of pinellia producer
It can receive.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is carried out further detailed
Explanation.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1, a kind of method that tuber of pinellia three generations seedling stem breeding of method is established, comprising:
Step 1: the cultivation of tuber of pinellia original silkworm egg
The tissue-cultured seedling for choosing 2cm high, cuts root peripheral part, leaves and takes root 0.2cm × 0.2cm × 0.2cm, be seeded in
Fill the culture of MS culture medium+6-BA0.5mg/L+ paclobutrazol 0.4mg/L+ sucrose 5g/L+ active carbon 50mg/L+ agar 6.5g/L
In the bottle of base, the pH of culture medium is 5.8, is 26 ± 2 DEG C, illuminance 2000Lux in temperature, the condition of 12 hour/day of illumination
Lower culture 40-50 days washes away agar around, seedling stem of drying in the shade is spare as original silkworm egg when kind stem diameter reaches 0.5-1.0cm in bottle.
Step 2: the cultivation of tuber of pinellia original seed
In natural conditions good (High aititude, aphid are few, weather is nice and cool), natural isolation condition is good, periphery (in 800 meters) without it
Under conditions of his any tuber of pinellia, peat and vermiculite are uniformly mixed in the ratio of 1:1, make wide 1.2 meters, 0.15 centimeter high, length
Spend seedbed less than 10 meters, and apply base manure on seedbed, base manure include decomposed manure, calcium superphosphate, compound fertilizer (it is phosphorous,
Potassium), by 1 ton/mu of decomposed manure, 50 kgs/acre of calcium superphosphate, the proportion of 50 kgs/acre of compound fertilizer's (phosphorous, potassium) is completed
The production of greenhouse medium of seedling bed.
It is sowed in rainwater to during the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), before sowing, the tuber of pinellia original silkworm egg that step 1 tissue culture is obtained uses more than 50% bacterium
800 times of liquid of clever wettable powder are soaked seed 20 minutes, after draining, are cultivated on greenhouse matrix seedbed, and application rate is double centner/mu,
Bulb can be broadcasted sowing in furrow face and earthing, depth of planting is 3-5 centimetres, after planting sprays Acetochlor, then weeding before bud covers ground
Film moisture-heat preservation.
It can be reseeded before emerging again after " sprout tumble " every time, in cultivation, go tongue fur, tillage and weeding, top dressing ridging, irrigation and drainage in time
Water, anti-sprout tumble, integrated pest prevention and control are cultivated 60-70 days, during cultivation by the range estimation of field inspection personnel progress quality with
Track monitoring, to obtain without various fungies, bacteriosis, field virus strain rate is no more than 1% tuber of pinellia seedling stem, chooses diameter
The bulbil and stem tuber of 1.0-1.2cm is spare as original seed.
Step 3: the cultivation of tuber of pinellia commercial generation seedling stem
Natural conditions good (High aititude, aphid are few, weather is nice and cool), natural isolation condition preferably, periphery (in 800 meters)
Under conditions of other any tuber of pinellia, selecting fertile soil, draining to pour water, good, quality is loose, soil layer is deep, pH 6-7 it
Between, the sandy loam of 1.2% or more the content of organic matter, apply base manure before Soil tillage, base manure includes decomposed manure, calcium superphosphate
With compound fertilizer (phosphorous, potassium), by 3-4 tons/mu of decomposed manure, 50 kgs/acre of calcium superphosphate, compound fertilizer's (phosphorous, potassium) 50 is public
Pound/acre proportion, shallow plowing rake after, rise flat furrow of 1 meter or so the wide, length less than 30 meters.
It is sowed in rainwater to during the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), before sowing, the tuber of pinellia original seed that step 2 is cultivated uses 50% carbendazim
800 times of liquid of wettable powder are soaked seed 20 minutes, after draining, original seed are sowed on open country and are covered by 200,000 grams/acre of application rates
Lid Small plastic shed can broadcast sowing bulb in furrow face and earthing, depth of planting are 3-5 centimetres, after planting spray Acetochlor, weeding before bud,
Then covering mulch film moisture-keeping heat preservation.
It can be reseeded before emerging again after " sprout tumble " every time, in cultivation, go tongue fur, tillage and weeding, top dressing ridging, irrigation and drainage in time
Water, anti-sprout tumble, integrated pest prevention and control are cultivated 60-70 days, during cultivation by the range estimation of field inspection personnel progress quality with
Track monitoring, to obtain without various fungies, bacteriosis, field virus strain rate is no more than 5% tuber of pinellia seedling stem, chooses diameter
The bulbil and stem tuber of 1.2-1.5cm guarantees seedling stem before not yet serious degeneration (viral strain rate is lower than 5%) as commercial generation seedling stem
It just can apply to the production of the commodity tuber of pinellia.
Embodiment 2, a kind of method that tuber of pinellia three generations seedling stem breeding of method is established, comprising:
Step 1: the cultivation of tuber of pinellia original silkworm egg
The tissue-cultured seedling for choosing 2cm high, cuts root peripheral part, leaves and takes root 0.2cm × 0.2cm × 0.2cm, be seeded in
Fill the culture of MS culture medium+6-BA0.5mg/L+ paclobutrazol 0.4mg/L+ sucrose 5g/L+ active carbon 50mg/L+ agar 6.5g/L
In the bottle of base, the pH of culture medium is 5.8, is 26 ± 2 DEG C, illuminance 2000Lux in temperature, the condition of 12 hour/day of illumination
Lower culture 40-50 days washes away agar around, seedling stem of drying in the shade is spare as original silkworm egg when kind stem diameter reaches 0.5-1.0cm in bottle.
Step 2: the cultivation of tuber of pinellia original seed
In natural conditions good (High aititude, aphid are few, weather is nice and cool), natural isolation condition is good, periphery (in 800 meters) without it
Under conditions of his any tuber of pinellia, peat and vermiculite are uniformly mixed in the ratio of 1:1, make wide 1.2 meters, 0.15 centimeter high, length
Spend seedbed less than 10 meters, and apply base manure on seedbed, base manure include decomposed manure, calcium superphosphate, compound fertilizer (it is phosphorous,
Potassium), by 1 ton/mu of decomposed manure, 50 kgs/acre of calcium superphosphate, the proportion of 50 kgs/acre of compound fertilizer's (phosphorous, potassium) is completed
The production of greenhouse medium of seedling bed.
It is sowed in rainwater to during the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), before sowing, the tuber of pinellia original silkworm egg that step 1 tissue culture is obtained uses 2% potassium nitrate
Solution impregnates 24 hours, after draining, cultivates on greenhouse matrix seedbed, and application rate is double centner/mu, can broadcast sowing bulb in furrow
Face and earthing, depth of planting are 3-5 centimetres, after planting spray Acetochlor, then weeding before bud covers 2-4 cm thick crushing straw
Moisture-heat preservation.
It can be reseeded before emerging again after " sprout tumble " every time, in cultivation, go tongue fur, tillage and weeding, top dressing ridging, irrigation and drainage in time
Water, anti-sprout tumble, integrated pest prevention and control are cultivated 60-70 days, during cultivation by the range estimation of field inspection personnel progress quality with
Track monitoring, to obtain without various fungies, bacteriosis, field virus strain rate is no more than 1% tuber of pinellia seedling stem, chooses diameter
The bulbil and stem tuber of 1.0-1.2cm is spare as original seed.
Step 3: the cultivation of tuber of pinellia commercial generation seedling stem
Natural conditions good (High aititude, aphid are few, weather is nice and cool), natural isolation condition preferably, periphery (in 800 meters)
Under conditions of other any tuber of pinellia, selecting fertile soil, draining to pour water, good, quality is loose, soil layer is deep, pH 6-7 it
Between, the yellow soil of 1.2% or more the content of organic matter, apply base manure before Soil tillage, base manure includes decomposed manure, calcium superphosphate
With compound fertilizer (phosphorous, potassium), by 3-4 tons/mu of decomposed manure, 50 kgs/acre of calcium superphosphate, compound fertilizer's (phosphorous, potassium) 50 is public
Pound/acre proportion, shallow plowing rake after, rise flat furrow of 1 meter or so the wide, length less than 30 meters.
It is sowed in rainwater to during the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), before sowing, the tuber of pinellia original seed that step 2 is cultivated is molten using 2% potassium nitrate
Liquid impregnates 24 hours, after draining, sows on open country original seed by 200,000 grams/acre of application rates and covers Small plastic shed, can broadcast sowing
For bulb in furrow face and earthing, depth of planting is 3-5 centimetres, after planting sprays Acetochlor, then weeding before bud covers 2-4 centimetres
Thick crushing straw moisture-heat preservation.
It can be reseeded before emerging again after " sprout tumble " every time, in cultivation, go tongue fur, tillage and weeding, top dressing ridging, irrigation and drainage in time
Water, anti-sprout tumble, integrated pest prevention and control are cultivated 60-70 days, during cultivation by the range estimation of field inspection personnel progress quality with
Track monitoring, to obtain without various fungies, bacteriosis, field virus strain rate is no more than 5% tuber of pinellia seedling stem, chooses diameter
The bulbil and stem tuber of 1.2-1.5cm guarantees seedling stem before not yet serious degeneration (viral strain rate is lower than 5%) as commercial generation seedling stem
It just can apply to the production of the commodity tuber of pinellia.
Tuber of pinellia commercial generation seedling stem is bred by embodiment 1,2, all costs involved in reproductive process are added up, is calculated
The unit cost of every generation seedling stem is bred out, wherein the unit cost of original silkworm egg is the breeding totle drilling cost ÷ original silkworm egg of original silkworm egg
Yield；The unit cost of original seed is the yield of (breeding totle drilling cost+original seed breeding totle drilling cost of original silkworm egg) ÷ original seed；Commodity
The unit cost of kind is (breeding totle drilling cost+original seed breeding totle drilling cost+commodity kind breeding totle drilling cost of original silkworm egg) ÷ commodity
The yield of kind, specifically see the table below:
Table 1
The unit cost for the tuber of pinellia seedling stem sold on the market 50-60 member/kilogram, according to table 1 it can be concluded that, according to this
The unit cost of the obtained tuber of pinellia commercial generation seedling stem of three generations's seedling stem breeding of method is invented in 40 yuan/kilogram, is had in cost
The advantage of highly significant.
Tuber of pinellia production will be used for according to the obtained tuber of pinellia commercial generation seedling stem of Examples 1 and 2, selection six to be of the same area
Block is tested, wherein three test blocks are used to plant the commodity kind of isodose, the other three test block is same for planting
Measure sold on the market conventional kind, the total output that three test blocks are harvested added up, thus be calculated commodity kind with
Conventional kind of per mu yield, specific as shown in table 2:
Table 2
It can be concluded that, the average yield per mu of commodity kind is higher than conventional kind of average yield per mu, and increases production 29.74% according in table 2
{(1252-965)/965}。
In addition, the tuber of pinellia commercial generation seedling stem cultivated embodiment 1,2 is used for tuber of pinellia seedling stem obtained after tuber of pinellia production
Pharmacological property detected, testing result complies fully with Chinese Pharmacopoeia version one requirement in 2015.
It should be pointed out that the embodiment of the present invention is described above.However, art technology it is to be understood by the skilled artisans that
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, merely illustrates the principles of the invention described in above-described embodiment, is not departing from this
The present invention can also be there are many changes and improvements under the premise of invention scope, these changes and improvements both fall within claimed hair
In bright range.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method that tuber of pinellia three generations seedling stem breeding of method is established, which is characterized in that this method comprises:
Step 1: the cultivation of tuber of pinellia original silkworm egg
The tissue-cultured seedling for choosing 2cm high, cuts root peripheral part, leaves and takes root 0.2cm × 0.2cm × 0.2cm, be seeded in and fill
In the bottle of culture medium, the pH of culture medium is 5.8, is 26 ± 2 DEG C, illuminance 2000Lux in temperature, 12 hour/day of illumination
Under the conditions of cultivate 40-50 days, in bottle plant stem diameter reach 0.5-1.0cm when, wash away agar around, seedling stem of drying in the shade, as original silkworm egg
It is spare；
Step 2: the cultivation of tuber of pinellia original seed
In High aititude, aphid is few, weather is nice and cool, natural isolation condition is good, the condition without other any tuber of pinellia in 800 meters of periphery
Under, the tuber of pinellia primary stock culture that step 1 tissue culture is obtained is cultivated 60-70 days, is obtained without various on greenhouse matrix seedbed
Fungi, bacteriosis, field virus strain rate are no more than 1% tuber of pinellia seedling stem, and the bulbil and stem tuber for choosing diameter 1.0-1.2cm are made
It is spare for original seed；
Step 3: the cultivation of tuber of pinellia commercial generation seedling stem
In High aititude, aphid is few, weather is nice and cool, natural isolation condition is good, the condition without other any tuber of pinellia in 800 meters of periphery
Under, the tuber of pinellia original seed cultivated in step 2 cultivation on open country and is covered into Small plastic shed, is cultivated 60-70 days, obtain without
Various fungies, bacteriosis, field virus strain rate are no more than 5% tuber of pinellia seedling stem, choose the bulbil and block of diameter 1.2-1.5cm
Stem is as commercial generation seedling stem；
The culture medium is 50 mg/L+ fine jade of MS culture medium+6-BA0.5mg/L+ paclobutrazol 0.4mg/L+ sucrose 5g/L+ active carbon
Rouge 6.5g/L.
2. the method that a kind of tuber of pinellia three generations seedling stem breeding of method according to claim 1 is established, which is characterized in that the tuber of pinellia is former
During kind is cultivated further include:
The production of greenhouse medium of seedling bed
Peat and vermiculite are uniformly mixed in the ratio of 1:1, make wide 1.2 meters, 0.15 centimeter high, seedling of the length less than 10 meters
Bed, and base manure is applied on seedbed, base manure includes decomposed manure, calcium superphosphate, phosphorous, potassium compound fertilizer, by decomposed organic
Fertile 1 ton/mu, 50 kgs/acre of calcium superphosphate, the proportion of 50 kgs/acre of phosphorous, potassium compound fertilizer；
Sowing
It sows in rainwater to during the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), before sowing, is soaked seed 20 minutes or 2% using 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid
Potassium nitrate solution impregnates 24 hours, sows after draining, and can reseed before emerging again after each " sprout tumble ", application rate be double centner/
Mu, can broadcast sowing bulb in furrow face, then earthing；Shallow slot can also be drawn with small rod, bulb is sown into shallow slot, then earthing, sowed
Depth is 3-5 centimetres, after planting sprays Acetochlor, then weeding before bud covers mulch or 2-4 cm thick crushing straw or decomposed leaf
Sub- moisture-heat preservation.
3. the method that a kind of tuber of pinellia three generations seedling stem breeding of method according to claim 1 is established, which is characterized in that tuber of pinellia quotient
Product are in seedling stem cultivation further include:
Selection of land and site preparation
Selecting fertile soil, draining to pour water, good, quality is loose, soil layer is deep, and pH is between 6-7,1.2% or more the content of organic matter
Sandy loam or yellow soil, apply base manure before Soil tillage, base manure includes decomposed manure, calcium superphosphate, phosphorous, potassium compound
Fertilizer, by 3-4 tons/mu of decomposed manure, 50 kgs/acre of calcium superphosphate, the proportion of 50 kgs/acre of phosphorous, potassium compound fertilizer is ploughed shallowly
After raking, flat furrow of the 1 meter of wide, length less than 30 meters are played；
Sowing
It sows in rainwater to during the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), before sowing, is soaked seed 20 minutes or 2% using 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid
Potassium nitrate solution impregnates 24 hours, sows after draining, and can reseed before emerging again after each " sprout tumble ", and application rate is 200 kilograms/
Mu, can broadcast sowing bulb in furrow face, then earthing；Shallow slot can also be drawn with small rod, bulb is sown into shallow slot, then earthing, sowed
Depth is 3-5 centimetres, after planting sprays Acetochlor, then weeding before bud covers mulch or 2-4 cm thick crushing straw or decomposed leaf
Sub- moisture-heat preservation.
4. the method that a kind of tuber of pinellia three generations seedling stem breeding of method according to claim 1 is established, which is characterized in that in the tuber of pinellia
Breading protospecies and tuber of pinellia commercial generation seedling stem further include field management: going tongue fur, tillage and weeding, top dressing ridging, irrigation and drainage in time in cultivating
Water, anti-sprout tumble, integrated pest prevention and control.
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| CN101491214A (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2009-07-29 | 华中农业大学 | Pinellia tuber artificial seed stem production method |
| CN105379619A (en) * | 2015-10-24 | 2016-03-09 | 施秉县丽康生态农业科技发展有限公司 | Preparation method for test-tube micro-bulbodium of Pinellia ternana |
| CN105766260A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-07-20 | 重庆市万盛经开区黑山镇供销合作社有限公司 | High-yielding cultivation method for rhizoma pinelliae |
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