CN104145050A - 具有经改善的表面外观的铝合金带及其制造方法 - Google Patents
具有经改善的表面外观的铝合金带及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104145050A CN104145050A CN201380012181.3A CN201380012181A CN104145050A CN 104145050 A CN104145050 A CN 104145050A CN 201380012181 A CN201380012181 A CN 201380012181A CN 104145050 A CN104145050 A CN 104145050A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum alloy
- alloy strip
- degreasing
- rolling
- strip
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010731 rolling oil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 101710194948 Protein phosphatase PhpP Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentasodium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004441 surface measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005002 finish coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000697 sensory organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
- B21B45/0269—Cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
- B21B45/0239—Lubricating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
- B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
- B21D51/26—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects cans or tins; Closing same in a permanent manner
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/003—Alloys based on aluminium containing at least 2.6% of one or more of the elements: tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, and titanium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C22C—ALLOYS
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- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
- C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C22C—ALLOYS
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C22C—ALLOYS
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- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22C—ALLOYS
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- C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
- C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
- C23G1/22—Light metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
- B21B2001/221—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length by cold-rolling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12556—Organic component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y10T428/12556—Organic component
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种具有经改善的表面外观的铝合金带，该铝合金带通过热轧和/或冷轧制得并且由AA3xxx、AA5xxx、AA6xxx或AA8xxx类型的铝合金构成。本发明的目的在于提供一种虽然合金组分含量增高但是具有满意且精致的表面外观的铝合金带，由此实现该目的，即，轧制完成的铝合金带脱脂之后在CIE L*a*b*色彩空间中采用D65类型的标准光类型和以100观测角度排除直接反射以45°/0°结构对表面进行色度测量时亮度值L*相对于轧制上油状态的提高(ΔL)大于5。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有经改善的表面外观的铝合金带或铝合金板，该铝合金带或铝合金板通过热轧和/或冷轧制得并且由AA3xxx、AA5xxx、AA6xxx或AA8xxx类型的铝合金构成。本发明还涉及一种用来制造具有经改善的表面外观的铝合金带的方法以及相应的铝合金带的应用。
背景技术
由AA3xxx、AA5xxx、AA6xxx或AA8xxx类型的铝合金构成的带材通常应用在这样的应用领域，在该应用领域中铝合金带的表面在制成的产品中保持可见。例如罐头盖由AA5182类型的铝合金构成并且涂覆有清漆或者染上金色的清漆。于是相应的罐头盖具有制得的铝合金带的表面外观或者能够通过经染色的漆而变得明显。例如由AA3xxx类型的铝合金构成的其它铝合金带也进行了涂漆。这种铝合金的覆盖喷漆的带材例如用于制造卷门或天窗带体。AA8xxx类型的铝合金主要用于包装、特别是泡罩包装。
铝合金带的制造过程中特别是在轧制步骤中采用了轧制油，由于轧制步骤而使用的该轧制油与其它的颗粒一起掺入铝合金带的表面。特别是较新的满足较高环保要求的轧制油和轧制乳化液已证实对于制得的铝合金带的表面外观是不利的。新的轧制乳化液和轧制油在之后的表面处理步骤中，特别是在表面钝化和表面涂漆过程中会引发问题，因此必须将其排除或者需要重新清理带材。轧制之后也能够进行热处理、优选退火、例如中间退火或最终退火，从而使铝合金带转化成特定的结构状态。对此目前为止的问题在于，通过退火特别是造成了带材的靠近表面的区域中的镁组分增加。表面上高的镁含量会由于可能的热处理或通过(热)轧工艺或者一般由于合金组成而导致铝合金带的表面较暗，以至于即使在铝合金带脱脂之后也具有暗淡的表面外观。因此，无法以简单的方式将相应的暗淡的铝合金带加工成具有看起来明亮且精致表面的产品。此外，例如对于相同铝合金的不同卷材来说，例如在工艺过程中的波动会导致明显不同的表面外观。生产过程中工艺参数的波动部分地导致带材有斑点状的外观，这例如使得生产中涂覆清漆的产品变成次品。目前为止通常对所述的铝合金带采用脱脂，其虽然充分去除了铝合金带表面的轧制油，但是不会影响特别是由于镁的增加而变暗的表面。特别是在AA3xxx、AA5xxx、AA6xxx和AA8xxx类型的较高合金化的铝合金带中展现出该现象。随后涂覆清漆或经染色的清漆的产品显示出不同的表面外观，因为根据漆料下面现有的铝合金层的表面外观情况的不同，经涂漆的表面或者更暗或者更亮。对于由仅具有表面钝化的铝合金带制得的产品也符合上述情况。此外，在传统脱脂的过程中生产力、即加工速度肯定总是与带材状态、即例如轧制油残留相匹配。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的在于，提供一种铝合金带或铝合金板，该铝合金带或铝合金板虽然合金组分的含量增高但具有经改善的、特别是“精致”的表面外观。本发明的目的还在于，提供一种用来制造相应的铝合金带的方法以及该铝合金带的有利应用。
根据本发明的第一原理，由此实现所述目的，即，轧制完成的铝合金带脱脂之后在CIE L*a*b*色彩空间中采用D65的标准光类型和以10°的观测角度排除直接反射以45°/0°结构对表面进行色度测量时亮度值L*相对于轧制上油状态的提高大于5。
如前所述，相对高合金化的铝合金带的表面由于表面中的组分增加现象而具有比较暗淡的表面。尽管在所述的AA3xxx、AA5xxx、AA6xxx或AA8xxx类型的铝合金中合金组分、特别是镁、锰或硅的含量增高，但是根据本发明的铝合金带在脱脂之后在CIE L*a*b*色彩空间中具有明显提高的亮度值L*。因此，根据本发明的铝合金带的表面相对于传统的由相同铝合金构成的带材更亮。
L*a*b*颜色体系是标准化的色彩空间，在该色彩空间中绿色和红色在a*轴上相对以及相应地在b*轴上蓝色和黄色相对。L*a*b*色彩空间的目的在于定量表示生理学上的颜色压痕并且将其以相同的间距表示在图表中。L*轴垂直于上述平面并且也显示亮度，即，能够在该色彩空间中不依赖于测得的色值测量表面的亮度。也就是说L*轴是表面亮度的尺度，因为L*轴具有L＝0作为黑色的端点以及L＝100作为白色的端点。所有在L＝0和L＝100之间的中间值表示为非彩色的灰色调。L*亮度值越高，表面就越亮。
在本专利申请中提及的所有亮度值L*涉及通过标准光源的测量，该标准光源发射出根据ISO3664标准的标准光类型D65。该标准光类型具有色温为6500K的发射光谱分布，这近似多云天空的日光。进一步地，10°标准观测者以圆周45/0的几何结构测量亮度值。
目前为止传统的铝合金带在这种测量下获得的亮度值低于40并且特别在轧制上油的状态和经脱脂的状态之间对于表面的亮度仅在临界处显示出差别。为了测量表面亮度，排除直接反射以45°的角度进行45°/0°测量。对此例如用所述的标准光源以45°的角度照射样品并且通过光谱仪测量垂直于样品受照射表面进行散射的杂散光。原则上也可以垂直照射样品并且以45°的角度测量杂散光。为了在L*a*b*CIE色彩空间中进行转换，将杂散光分解成光谱颜色，从而生成L*a*b*色彩空间的相应值。对此，亮度值L*与设备无关并且给出正如观测者所看到的表面亮度的精确尺度。
根据本发明的铝合金带表面在经脱脂的状态下显示出比传统合金带明显更亮的表面。也就是说，对于根据本发明的铝合金带，轧制上油的带材和经脱脂的带材相比亮度值L*的提高大于5、优选大于6以及特别优选大于10。目前为止轧制上油和经脱脂之间的普通提高的L*值为1.5。亮度值L*的提高大于5是显著可见的，因此根据本发明的铝合金带具有明显更精致且更亮的表面外观。根据本发明的铝合金带可以以简单的方式、即无需特别的表面处理用于装饰性高的表面并进行进一步加工。
如果根据本发明的铝合金带由AA5xxx、特别是AA5182类型的铝合金构成，则铝合金带可以获得大于40的亮度值L*。由此，铝合金带具有特别亮的表面特征，这导致了从轧制上油的状态到经脱脂的状态亮度值L*显著提高。目前为止，所制得的由AA5182构成的铝合金带无法具有所述亮度值，即无法具有所述精致且明亮的表面外观。
如果由AA5xxx、特别是AA5182类型的铝合金构成的铝合金带涂覆有清漆或经染色的清漆，则测得的涂漆后的亮度值L*为至少52、优选至少55。对于根据本发明的铝合金带，涂漆后与轧制上油的状态相比亮度值L*的提高特别大。该亮度值L*的提高大于15。
依照根据本发明的铝合金带的另一个设计，能够对铝合金带进行中间退火和/或最终退火。这两种热处理都会导致带材表面区域中的Mg原子显著增加，由此带材变得较暗。一般情况下，Mg含量高的铝合金通过轧制工艺显示出暗淡的表面外观。但是，根据本发明的铝合金带即使在表面上具有高的Mg含量的情况下亮度值L*的提高也大于5、优选6或者特别优选大于10，因为组分增加的表面区域受到浸蚀。
当铝合金带进行涂漆或者覆盖涂漆时，根据本发明的铝合金带本身就是有利的，因为漆料更好地粘附在较明亮的、即较干净的表面上。此外，铝合金带的表面进行钝化也是有利的，从而使之后的工艺步骤、例如涂漆变得更容易。例如能够通过铬化进行钝化或者进行不含铬的基于Zr和/或Ti的钝化。优选采用“免冲洗”法或浸液镀层法作为涂层方法。
因为根据本发明的铝合金带经常用作包装材料、表面部分或结构部分，所以铝合金带具有0.05mm至0.9mm的厚度是有利的。非常小的0.05mm的厚度例如用于提供由相应铝合金带构成的泡罩包装。而较大的约为0.9mm的带材厚度则例如用于天窗带体。0.2至0.5mm的中等带材厚度优选用于罐头盖或盖子带体。这也同样适用于罐头的舌状物。
根据本发明的第二原理，通过一种用于制造具有经改善的表面外观的铝合金带的方法由此实现所述目的，在该方法中由AA3xxx、AA5xxx、AA6xxx或AA8xxx类型的铝合金制造铝合金带并且采用轧制油进行至少一次冷轧，其中经冷轧的铝合金带在冷轧之后采用碱性腐蚀剂进行脱脂并且随后对铝合金带进行酸性冲洗。
碱性腐蚀剂具有这样的性能，即，不仅去除轧制油，还同时通过在铝合金带表面上的浸蚀进行特定的腐蚀去除。此外，通过浸蚀去除了表面附近Mg含量高的层，由此显露出位于该层以下的层。同时也去除了经过滚压的氧化镁颗粒，该颗粒也会破坏外观。对此优选这样地选择碱浓度，即，均匀地进行浸蚀并且将浸蚀率调整到力求的铝合金带表面亮度的程度。随后的酸性冲洗去除经浸蚀的颗粒和铝合金带的表面剩余物，由此防止了经浸蚀颗粒造成的表面覆盖。对于酸性冲洗通常采用矿物酸。但是原则上也可以使用其它的酸。最终重新得到较明亮且较精致的铝合金带表面。在铝合金带长度上的表面不会发生变化，因为不再进行进一步的轧制步骤和表面的损害。特别是令人惊讶地表明，主要对较高合金化的铝合金带、例如AA5182类型的铝合金采用这种碱性腐蚀剂导致表面外观的显著改善以及导致表面显著变亮。根据本发明制得的铝合金带的更亮眼的表面外观同时导致铝合金带的整个表面明显一致，由此在整个带材长度上实现更高的亮度值。如前所述，亮度值L*的提高大于5、优选大于6或10。
依照根据本发明的第一个设计由此实现能够特别好地且工艺可靠地获得的、关于经改善的表面外观的结果，即，碱性腐蚀剂包括以下组分：至少1.5至3重量％的混合物，该混合物由5至40重量％的三聚磷酸钠、3至10重量％的葡萄糖酸钠、3至8重量％的非离子式或阴离子的表面活性剂、可选的0.5至70重量％的碳酸钠、优选30至70重量％的碳酸钠构成，其中在水性溶液中加入氢氧化钠，由此使得氢氧化钠的浓度为0.2至2.5重量％。已表明，采用这种碱性腐蚀剂时可以实现良好的脱脂并且同时在铝合金带的表面上进行充分的浸蚀，由此最终能够提供具有经改善的表面外观的铝合金带。优选采用0.2至1.5重量％的氢氧化钠浓度。由此实现可控的浸蚀。
此外已表明，铝合金带在脱脂介质中的停留时间优选为1至8秒、优选2至6秒。如前所述，该停留时间可以对铝合金带的表面进行充分脱脂和腐蚀，并且同时能够以足够的生产速度进行高度自动化的过程。
能够由此减少铝合金带在脱脂介质中的停留时间，即，该脱脂介质具有60至80℃、优选65℃至75℃的温度。较高的温度导致脱脂介质的更高反应性并且从而导致更强烈的浸蚀。
此外，能够由此实现对于提供较明亮的铝合金带表面的良好结果，即，使用硝酸或硫酸对经脱脂的铝合金带进行酸性冲洗。这两种酸在冲洗过程中对铝合金带的表面覆盖进行充分脱脂，由此最终能够过程可靠地提供非常干净的、明亮的铝合金带表面。硝酸的浓度优选为1至4重量％以及硫酸的浓度优选为1至3重量％。所述的酸浓度可以在高的工艺速度情况下良好地清洗经碱性腐蚀的带材。
依照根据本发明的方法的另一个设计，在脱脂和冲洗之后进行表面钝化，例如通过铬化或者进行不含铬的基于Zr和/或Ti的钝化。当然也可以考虑其他钝化。对此优选应用免冲洗法来涂覆表面钝化层。表面钝化使得之后的工艺步骤、例如表面涂漆变得容易并且还可以对于针对表面质量的额外影响进行充分保护。此外已表明，在钝化根据本发明的经脱脂的铝合金带的情况下，过程可靠性明显更高。表面钝化优选和脱脂过程和冲洗过程一起“在生产线上”进行。相应地在冲洗经脱脂的带材之后直接在同个设备中进行“在生产线上”的表面钝化，而不需要在表面钝化之前展开带材。由此能够以最佳的方式保留铝合金带的表面状态。
优选在脱脂之后对含有或不含经表面钝化的表面的铝合金带进行涂漆。例如可以采用经染色的清漆、清漆或面漆，以提供相应的外观。涂漆也可以“在生产线上”和脱脂和冲洗以及可选地和钝化一起进行。但是铝合金带也可以先进行钝化并且随后缠卷成能够存放的卷材，由此之后可以将该卷材运送至涂漆。所有的涂覆有清漆或经染色的清漆的表面由于经优化的脱脂而显示出最终的铝合金带中的亮度值L*提高。也可以和清漆的涂漆一样“在生产线上”以较高的过程可靠性进行覆盖喷漆，因为根据本发明的铝合金带的脱脂状态是统一的。
最后，通过将根据本发明的铝合金带用于制造包装、罐头、罐头盖、泡罩包装、天窗、卷帘杆和壁板、复合材料、阀板盖和容器实现了开头所述的目的。根据本发明的铝合金带的所述应用的共同之处在于都是表面敏感的产品，因为表面缺陷或者表面质量的波动直接造成次品。对于可见的铝表面来说，较精致且较统一的表面是有利的。经涂漆的产品同时获益于对铝合金带的过程可靠且快速的脱脂以及在之后的涂漆中的高度过程可靠性。
附图说明
接下来根据多个实施例结合附图进一步说明本发明。附图中：
图1示出了L*a*b*CIE色彩空间的示意图，
图2示出了用于测定亮度值L*的测量结构的示意图以及
图3示出了用于对根据本发明的铝合金带进行脱脂的装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1中首先以图表示出了CIE L*a*b*色彩空间的视图。基于同名的颜色模型的CIE L*a*b*色彩空间依赖于设备并且在德国标准DIN6174中以题目“以比色法测定在近似恒定的CIE L*a*b*色彩空间中的色度值和色差”(Farbmetrische Bestimmung von FarbmaβzahlenundimCIE L*a*b*-Farbraum)进行规定。L*a*b*颜色位置的坐标以人类感官、特别是颜色感官的生理学特性进行定位并且间接地基于物理的色彩刺激度。如图1所示，通过三维的坐标系统描述L*a*b*色彩空间，在该坐标系统中a*轴描述色彩中的红色部分和绿色部分以及b*轴描述蓝色部分和黄色部分。a*轴和b*轴的刻度值包括大约-100至大约+100的数字范围。L*轴以0至100的数值描述光强、亮度和颜色。其中0代表黑色以及100代表白色。由于L*a*b*色彩空间与设备相关，所以可以通过亮度值根据设备测定铝合金带的表面光强。
对此采用了图2中示意性示出的试验结构。通过标准光源2照射图2中所示的铝合金带样品1。如前所述，测量亮度值L*时采用根据ISO3664标准的标准光类型D65以及10°的观测角度。通过光谱仪3接收并测量以角度β从样品发射的、标准光源2的杂散光。角度β为45°，因此特别能够测量造成光强印象的、影响亮度值L*的表面效果。正如图2中的结构所示，光谱仪3不测量经直接反射的光线，而是仅测量从表面散射的光线。然后光谱仪3将测得的光分布分解成单个色度值并生成L*a*b*色彩空间值。为此当然是将光谱仪3校准至标准光源2，从而考虑到由标准光源2发射的光的光谱分布对于色彩空间测量的影响。如前所述，测得的值与设备无关并且因此对于铝合金带的表面外观来说是客观的。
测量的样品来自铝合金带，该铝合金带例如通过图3中示意性示出的脱脂装置4进行脱脂。在开卷机5上展开卷材以进行脱脂。然后展开的铝合金带7穿过浸浴池6，在该浸浴池中将铝合金带7输送经过脱脂介质8。替代浸浴池6可以设置一个未示出的喷涂装置，该喷涂装置将脱脂介质喷洒在带材表面上。然后，铝合金带7还穿过冲洗装置9,从而通过酸性的冲洗剂来去除铝合金带的表面覆盖和残留脱脂介质，如前所述，该冲洗剂例如在水性溶液中使用2.5重量％浓度的硝酸或2重量％浓度的硫酸。酸性冲洗剂的pH值优选低于3。接着，优选将铝合金带7输送至表面钝化装置11。在该实施例中，以免冲洗法对铝合金带7的表面进行铬化或钝化。钝化实现了，例如可以为进一步的工艺、例如涂漆保持带材表面的状态、即经改善的表面外观。铝合金带7在一个未示出的干燥装置中进行干燥之后，可以缠绕在卷取机10上，从该卷取机获取测量的样品。
在已实施的试验中，脱脂介质的温度为70℃并且铝合金带在脱脂介质中的停留时间为大约2秒至6秒。采用相同的参数首先对AA5182类型的铝合金带进行传统的脱脂并且随后测量表面的色度。然后同样地采用碱性腐蚀剂在保持温度和脱脂持续时间的情况下进行试验，其中在试验1中添加0.25重量％的氢氧化钠，在试验2中添加0.5重量％的氢氧化钠，在试验3中添加0.75重量％的氢氧化钠以及在试验4中添加1重量％的氢氧化钠。
此外，分别测量经轧制上油，脱脂，以清漆或以经染色的清漆、这里称为“黄金漆”涂漆的样品。测量结果显示在表1中。
如表1中清楚所示，在传统脱脂的情况下，经轧制上油和经脱脂状态之间的亮度值几乎没有提高。在传统脱脂情况下亮度值L*的提高低于1.39，即低于2。在经传统脱脂的铝合金表面上涂覆清漆层或经染色的清漆层所形成的亮度值L*的提高为低于14。
表1
另外，与之相反，试验1至4中在经脱脂的状态下就已经显示出亮度值L*明显提高了5以上。随着浸蚀程度的增加，即随着氢氧化钠浓度的增加，大致在0.75重量％的氢氧化钠情况下显示出经脱脂状态下的亮度值L*相比于经轧制上油状态下的亮度值提高了10以上。这是重要的且明显可见的提高。铝合金带表面具有明显更亮的外观，能够更好地进行钝化和涂漆。在采用清漆或经染色的清漆情况下的亮度值L*的提高明显大于17以及最高值直至大于20。特别是示出了，相比于经传统脱脂和涂漆的方案，亮度值L*的提高和未经涂漆状态下的提高是一样的。也就是说，表面经改善且更亮的特性表现在经涂漆的方案中。
根据本发明的铝合金带明显表现出经改善的表面外观，其具有比传统的由相同铝合金构成的铝合金带明显更亮的表面印象。能够通过在CIE L*a*b*色彩空间中的测量来证实该表面印象。
当然，表面的特色不仅在于经改善的外观，还在于经改善的工艺性。也可以得出的是，相应制得的、外观明亮的铝合金表面的钝化和/或涂漆明显更加过程可靠并且几乎与之前的带材质量无关以及特别是与由轧制油的污染程度和所进行的热处理无关。
Claims (14)
1.一种铝合金带或铝合金板，所述铝合金带或铝合金板通过热轧和/或冷轧制得并且由AA3xxx、AA5xxx、AA6xxx或AA8xxx类型的铝合金构成，其特征在于，轧制完成的铝合金带脱脂之后在CIEL*a*b*色彩空间中采用D65的标准光类型和以10°观测角度排除直接反射以45°/0°结构对表面进行色度测量时亮度值L*相对于轧制上油状态的提高(ΔL)大于5。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铝合金带或铝合金板，其特征在于，所述铝合金带由AA5xxx类型的铝合金构成并且在CIE L*a*b*色彩空间中采用D65的标准光类型和以10°观测角度排除直接反射以45°/0°结构对表面进行色度测量时亮度值L*大于40。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的铝合金带或铝合金板，其特征在于，所述铝合金带进行了中间退火和/或最终退火。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任意一项所述的铝合金带或铝合金板，其特征在于，所述铝合金带具有0.05mm至0.9mm的厚度。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的铝合金带或铝合金板，其特征在于，经脱脂的所述铝合金带进行了表面钝化和/或涂漆。
6.一种用于制造具有经改善的表面外观的铝合金带的方法，特别是用于制造根据权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的铝合金带的方法，在所述方法中由AA3xxx、AA5xxx、AA6xxx或AA8xxx类型的铝合金制造所述铝合金带并且采用轧制油进行至少一次冷轧，其特征在于，冷轧完成的所述铝合金带采用碱性腐蚀剂进行脱脂并且随后对所述铝合金带进行酸性冲洗。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述碱性腐蚀剂包括以下组分：至少1.5至3重量％的混合物，所述混合物由5至40重量％的三聚磷酸钠、3至10重量％的葡萄糖酸钠、3至8重量％的非离子式或阴离子的表面活性剂、可选的0.5至70重量％的碳酸钠、优选30至70重量％的碳酸钠构成，其中在水性溶液中加入氢氧化钠，由此使得所述氢氧化钠的浓度为0.2至2.5重量％。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述铝合金带在轧制过程中或者在轧制之后进行中间退火或最终退火。
9.根据权利要求6至8中任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述铝合金带在所述脱脂介质中的停留时间为1至8秒、优选为2至6秒。
10.根据权利要求6至9中任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述脱脂介质的温度为65℃至75℃。
11.根据权利要求6至10中任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，使用硝酸或硫酸进行酸性冲洗。
12.根据权利要求6至11中任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在脱脂和冲洗之后进行表面钝化。
13.根据权利要求6至12中任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述铝合金带在脱脂之后进行涂漆。
14.根据权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的铝合金带的用途，其特征在于，所述铝合金带用于制造包装、罐头、罐头盖、泡罩包装、天窗、卷帘杆和壁板、复合材料、阀板盖和容器。
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| EP3741875A1 (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2020-11-25 | Constellium Rolled Products Singen GmbH & Co.KG | Aluminium alloy sheet product with improved surface aspect |
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- 2013-01-23 RU RU2014135540A patent/RU2609576C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-01-23 MX MX2014009358A patent/MX364945B/es active IP Right Grant
- 2013-01-23 BR BR112014019032A patent/BR112014019032A8/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-01-23 AU AU2013214417A patent/AU2013214417B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2013-01-23 EP EP13702595.3A patent/EP2809832B1/de active Active
- 2013-01-23 UA UAA201408658A patent/UA115233C2/uk unknown
- 2013-01-23 WO PCT/EP2013/051250 patent/WO2013113598A1/de active Application Filing
- 2013-01-23 NZ NZ627965A patent/NZ627965A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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| CN104630766A (zh) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-05-20 | 广西玉林实力钢建有限公司 | 一种铝合金彩板的生产工艺 |
| CN108136546A (zh) * | 2015-10-05 | 2018-06-08 | 海德鲁铝业钢材有限公司 | 用在无助熔剂的热接合方法中的铝复合材料及其生产方法 |
| CN111448343A (zh) * | 2017-12-12 | 2020-07-24 | 海德鲁铝业钢材有限公司 | 用于由铝合金构成的型材、轧制带和板材的腐蚀方法 |
| CN114008246A (zh) * | 2019-04-25 | 2022-02-01 | 斯佩拉有限公司 | 铝合金制扁平产品的包括色度测量的表面处理 |
| CN114008246B (zh) * | 2019-04-25 | 2024-03-01 | 斯佩拉有限公司 | 铝合金制扁平产品的包括色度测量的表面处理 |
| US11953424B2 (en) | 2019-04-25 | 2024-04-09 | Speira Gmbh | Surface treatment of flat products made of aluminium alloys comprising colour measurements |
| CN113436687A (zh) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-24 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种快速判断铝或铝合金涂层合金化程度的方法 |
| CN113436687B (zh) * | 2021-06-22 | 2024-05-28 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种快速判断铝或铝合金涂层合金化程度的方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US11260439B2 (en) | 2022-03-01 |
| MX2014009358A (es) | 2014-11-25 |
| AU2013214417A1 (en) | 2014-08-21 |
| UA115233C2 (uk) | 2017-10-10 |
| RU2014135540A (ru) | 2016-03-20 |
| BR112014019032A2 (zh) | 2017-06-20 |
| WO2013113598A1 (de) | 2013-08-08 |
| NZ627965A (en) | 2016-09-30 |
| SG11201404559YA (en) | 2014-10-30 |
| EP2623639A1 (de) | 2013-08-07 |
| RU2609576C2 (ru) | 2017-02-02 |
| CN104145050B (zh) | 2017-09-26 |
| US20140341678A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
| BR112014019032A8 (pt) | 2017-07-11 |
| MX364945B (es) | 2019-05-15 |
| EP2809832A1 (de) | 2014-12-10 |
| AU2013214417B2 (en) | 2015-11-26 |
| EP2809832B1 (de) | 2018-09-26 |
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