CN104106486A - Crab breeding method - Google Patents
Crab breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104106486A CN104106486A CN201410387391.7A CN201410387391A CN104106486A CN 104106486 A CN104106486 A CN 104106486A CN 201410387391 A CN201410387391 A CN 201410387391A CN 104106486 A CN104106486 A CN 104106486A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a crab breeding method. The crab breeding method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a pond; (2) cultivating aquatic plants; (3) selecting juvenile crabs; (4) feeding the juvenile crabs; (5) performing operation in second to fourth juvenile crab stages; (6) performing operation in a fifth crab stage; (7) controlling water quality; (8) controlling diseases; and (9) maturing. In the mode, the crab breeding method has the advantages that the crabs are natural and pollution-free, and do not contain hormones and pesticides; a growth law is met, and the crabs are cared in the whole process and are bred in different stages; the crab breeding method is wide in market prospect on popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cultivation field, particularly relate to a kind of crab cultivation method.
Background technology
Crab is one of food common in life, and crab is very popular on market, but existing crab is generally used hormone or agricultural chemicals, in fast growth, body, remains farm chemical ingredients, harm eater's health.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide a kind of crab cultivation method, by adopting the cultural method of natural nuisance-free, follows its production law, strengthens vitality, productivity gain, has market prospects widely popularizing of crab cultivation method.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of crab cultivation method, comprise the following steps:
(1) select pool: selecting area is to be advisable in the pond that 1 ~ 5 mu, the degree of depth are 1 ~ 1.5m, at the bottom of pond, spread sandy loam and gravel soil that thickness is no more than the 2:1 ratio of 5cm, drain Chi Shui, tan by the sun at the bottom of pond 10 ~ 15 days, the anti-facility of escaping of surrounding construction in pond, the water inlet in pond and delivery port all surround with the wire netting that bore is less than 1cm, in case crab escapes, pond are noted to the quicklime of the ratio of spreading fertilizer over the fields every square metre of 100g in the backward pond of water of high 30cm in order to sterilization;
(2) cultivation water plants: 2/3rds water plants of cultivation pond volume, is used to young crab feed to be provided, to provide and perch sheltered situation and purify water;
(3) select young crab: select young crab of healthy juvenile crab or two ages, putting into clear water soaks and after 30 seconds, takes out the water surface and place 5 minutes, immerse again clear water and after 30 seconds, take out water surface placement 5 minutes, above process can be thrown in after repeatedly carrying out 5 times, select the morning of fine day, select not have the places of pasture and water on limit, pond, slowly shake is thrown in, so that juvenile crab can be uniformly dispersed into water, throws in juvenile crab according to 800 ~ 1000 every mu, the ratio of male and female 3:1;
(4) seedling is raised: this average weight of juvenile crab is less than 10g in stage, feed every day and throw the first bait 4 times, respectively in the morning 6 points, the periods of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m 12 point, at dusk 6 and midnights 12 point, adopt the artificial throwing mode of feeding, select 3 ~ 5 release positions for average every mu, the first bait is thrown on the slight slope that approaches waterline or shoal, and feeding rate is controlled at 100% ~ 150%, and during shell, feeding rate reduces by half;
(5) 2 juvenile crab stages phase ~ 4 phase: this average weight of juvenile crab is 10 ~ 80g in stage, deepen the depth of water in pond to more than 50cm, feed every day and throw the second bait 4 times, respectively in the morning 6 points, the periods of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m 12 point, at dusk 6 and midnights 12 point, feeding rate is controlled at 100%, and during shell, feeding rate reduces by half;
(6) 5 crab stages phase: the average weight of crab is greater than 80g during this period, deepen the depth of water in pond to more than 80cm, feed every day and throw the second bait 3 times, difference is 6 points, 12 of the periods of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m and dusk 6 points in the morning, feeding rate is controlled at 60% ~ 80%, and during shell, feeding rate reduces by half;
(7) water quality control: the pH value of controlling water body is advisable 7 ~ 9, pond water-soluble oxygen amount is greater than 5mg/L, more than the transparency of water body is greater than 40cm, use 5ppm lime slurry per week is watered to full pool spilling head once, within every 10 days, use the ClO 2 solution 0.5ppm of 50% concentration to pond water sterilization once, within every 15 days, change Chi Shui once, each quantity of exchanged water is 30% ~ 50%, the temperature difference of water of changing is less than 5 DEG C, all sterilizations or add water before 12 of periods of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m;
(8) disease control: re-use close eye net in the surrounding of the delivery port in pond and the wire netting of water inlet and cover, guard against insect and enter pond;
(9) maturation: can catch ediblely in the time that the average weight of crab reaches 150g, use that drift net is caught, crab pot is caught, mesh bag is caught or do the method for catching on the pool and catch.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is brick wall or plastic film that described anti-in step (1) escapes facility.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the described water plants in step (2) comprises one or more of the stem or leaf of cattail, wild rice stem, eel grass, water chestnut, Gorgon fruit, water harmony dish, weter hyacinth, pondweed.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first bait in step (4) is the mixed feed that the particle bean curd that is less than 1mm, fish slurry, chimney worm adult are made according to the ratio of 1:2:1.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second bait in step (5), (6) is the mixed feed that ripe soya-bean cake, fishes and shrimps slurry, potato, wheat, bean curd that particle is less than 5mm are made according to the ratio of 3:3:1:1:0.5.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (6), also can in bait, mix Chinese herbal medicine and throw in, described Chinese herbal medicine comprises one or more of the root of large-flowered skullcap, subprostrate sophora, cape jasmine, mulberries, honeysuckle, plantain seed, Chinese holly, Tabasheer, radix semiaquilegiae, felwort, cassia seed, the capsule of weeping forsythia, kuh-seng.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: crab cultivation method of the present invention has natural nuisance-free, without hormone without agricultural chemicals, meet that growth rhythm, whole process make much of, the advantage such as cultivation stage by stage, on crab cultivation method universal, have market prospects widely.
Embodiment
To the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention be clearly and completely described below, obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, instead of whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making all other embodiment that obtain under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention comprises:
A kind of crab cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) select pool: selecting area is to be advisable in the pond that 1 ~ 5 mu, the degree of depth are 1 ~ 1.5m, at the bottom of pond, spread sandy loam and gravel soil that thickness is no more than the 2:1 ratio of 5cm, drain Chi Shui, tan by the sun at the bottom of pond 10 ~ 15 days, the anti-facility of escaping of surrounding construction in pond, the water inlet in pond and delivery port all surround with the wire netting that bore is less than 1cm, in case crab escapes, pond are noted to the quicklime of the ratio of spreading fertilizer over the fields every square metre of 100g in the backward pond of water of high 30cm in order to sterilization;
(2) cultivation water plants: 2/3rds water plants of cultivation pond volume, is used to young crab feed to be provided, to provide and perch sheltered situation and purify water;
(3) select young crab: select young crab of healthy juvenile crab or two ages, putting into clear water soaks and after 30 seconds, takes out the water surface and place 5 minutes, immerse again clear water and after 30 seconds, take out water surface placement 5 minutes, above process can be thrown in after repeatedly carrying out 5 times, select the morning of fine day, select not have the places of pasture and water on limit, pond, slowly shake is thrown in, so that juvenile crab can be uniformly dispersed into water, throws in juvenile crab according to 800 ~ 1000 every mu, the ratio of male and female 3:1;
(4) seedling is raised: this average weight of juvenile crab is less than 10g in stage, feed every day and throw the first bait 4 times, respectively in the morning 6 points, the periods of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m 12 point, at dusk 6 and midnights 12 point, adopt the artificial throwing mode of feeding, select 3 ~ 5 release positions for average every mu, the first bait is thrown on the slight slope that approaches waterline or shoal, and feeding rate is controlled at 100% ~ 150%, and during shell, feeding rate reduces by half;
(5) 2 juvenile crab stages phase ~ 4 phase: this average weight of juvenile crab is 10 ~ 80g in stage, deepen the depth of water in pond to more than 50cm, feed every day and throw the second bait 4 times, respectively in the morning 6 points, the periods of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m 12 point, at dusk 6 and midnights 12 point, feeding rate is controlled at 100%, and during shell, feeding rate reduces by half;
(6) 5 crab stages phase: the average weight of crab is greater than 80g during this period, deepen the depth of water in pond to more than 80cm, feed every day and throw the second bait 3 times, difference is 6 points, 12 of the periods of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m and dusk 6 points in the morning, feeding rate is controlled at 60% ~ 80%, and during shell, feeding rate reduces by half;
(7) water quality control: the pH value of controlling water body is advisable 7 ~ 9, pond water-soluble oxygen amount is greater than 5mg/L, more than the transparency of water body is greater than 40cm, use 5ppm lime slurry per week is watered to full pool spilling head once, within every 10 days, use the ClO 2 solution 0.5ppm of 50% concentration to pond water sterilization once, within every 15 days, change Chi Shui once, each quantity of exchanged water is 30% ~ 50%, the temperature difference of water of changing is less than 5 DEG C, all sterilizations or add water before 12 of periods of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m;
(8) disease control: re-use close eye net in the surrounding of the delivery port in pond and the wire netting of water inlet and cover, guard against insect and enter pond;
(9) maturation: can catch ediblely in the time that the average weight of crab reaches 150g, use that drift net is caught, crab pot is caught, mesh bag is caught or do the method for catching on the pool and catch.
Preferably, it is brick wall or plastic film that described anti-in step (1) escapes facility, in the time just entering new environment and severe rainstorm weather crab can lather, walk crosswise disorderly and climb, anti-ly escape facility and be conducive to effectively stop the large quantities of escape of crab and loss.
Preferably, described water plants in step (2) comprises one or more of the stem or leaf of cattail, wild rice stem, eel grass, water chestnut, Gorgon fruit, water harmony dish, weter hyacinth, pondweed, use the alternately plantations such as class plant floating life, deep water class plant, be conducive to the complexity of the ecotope of building pond, and then be conducive to increase the one-tenth viability of crab.
Preferably, the first bait in step (4) is the mixed feed that the particle bean curd that is less than 1mm, fish slurry, chimney worm adult are made according to the ratio of 1:2:1, and the bait that particle is little is conducive to feed and the digestion of seedling crab.
Preferably, the second bait in step (5), (6) is the mixed feed that ripe soya-bean cake, fishes and shrimps slurry, potato, wheat, bean curd that particle is less than 5mm are made according to the ratio of 3:3:1:1:0.5, the diet collocation in this stage is focused on growth and the weightening finish of crab, is conducive to its healthy growth fast.
Preferably, in step (6), also can in bait, mix Chinese herbal medicine throws in, described Chinese herbal medicine comprises one or more of the root of large-flowered skullcap, subprostrate sophora, cape jasmine, mulberries, honeysuckle, plantain seed, Chinese holly, Tabasheer, radix semiaquilegiae, felwort, cassia seed, the capsule of weeping forsythia, kuh-seng, more than be cold medicinal material, cold close or identical with crab, do not affecting on the basis of crab body, rationally use Chinese herbal medicine in right amount, be conducive to improve physique and the meat of crab, and strengthen its immunity.
The beneficial effect of crab cultivation method of the present invention is:
One, by the time that crab grows, it being looked after stage by stage, thereby carry out different treatments, especially the reinforcement nutrition of seedling stage according to the habit in its each stage is different, thereby strengthen survival rate and the vitality of seedling, and then increased the output of crab;
Two, by taking natural environment as master, manual method are as auxiliary cultural method, do not use hormone and agricultural chemicals, when making crab large-scale farming and healthy growth, ensure that its pure natural is nuisanceless;
Three, with respect to general crab bait, the bait here also mixes Chinese herbal medicine and throws in, by the feeding Chinese herbal medicine identical or close with crab body, improved crab physique, strengthen its resistance, and further increase the nutrient component of crab, made delicious meat, nutritious.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes description of the present invention to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical field, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a crab cultivation method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) select pool: selecting area is to be advisable in the pond that 1 ~ 5 mu, the degree of depth are 1 ~ 1.5m, at the bottom of pond, spread sandy loam and gravel soil that thickness is no more than the 2:1 ratio of 5cm, drain Chi Shui, tan by the sun at the bottom of pond 10 ~ 15 days, the anti-facility of escaping of surrounding construction in pond, the water inlet in pond and delivery port all surround with the wire netting that bore is less than 1cm, in case crab escapes, pond are noted to the quicklime of the ratio of spreading fertilizer over the fields every square metre of 100g in the backward pond of water of high 30cm in order to sterilization;
(2) cultivation water plants: 2/3rds water plants of cultivation pond volume, is used to young crab feed to be provided, to provide and perch sheltered situation and purify water;
(3) select young crab: select young crab of healthy juvenile crab or two ages, putting into clear water soaks and after 30 seconds, takes out the water surface and place 5 minutes, immerse again clear water and after 30 seconds, take out water surface placement 5 minutes, above process can be thrown in after repeatedly carrying out 5 times, select the morning of fine day, select not have the places of pasture and water on limit, pond, slowly shake is thrown in, so that juvenile crab can be uniformly dispersed into water, throws in juvenile crab according to 800 ~ 1000 every mu, the ratio of male and female 3:1;
(4) seedling is raised: this average weight of juvenile crab is less than 10g in stage, feed every day and throw the first bait 4 times, respectively in the morning 6 points, the periods of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m 12 point, at dusk 6 and midnights 12 point, adopt the artificial throwing mode of feeding, select 3 ~ 5 release positions for average every mu, the first bait is thrown on the slight slope that approaches waterline or shoal, and feeding rate is controlled at 100% ~ 150%, and during shell, feeding rate reduces by half;
(5) 2 juvenile crab stages phase ~ 4 phase: this average weight of juvenile crab is 10 ~ 80g in stage, deepen the depth of water in pond to more than 50cm, feed every day and throw the second bait 4 times, respectively in the morning 6 points, the periods of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m 12 point, at dusk 6 and midnights 12 point, feeding rate is controlled at 100%, and during shell, feeding rate reduces by half;
(6) 5 crab stages phase: the average weight of crab is greater than 80g during this period, deepen the depth of water in pond to more than 80cm, feed every day and throw the second bait 3 times, difference is 6 points, 12 of the periods of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m and dusk 6 points in the morning, feeding rate is controlled at 60% ~ 80%, and during shell, feeding rate reduces by half;
(7) water quality control: the pH value of controlling water body is advisable 7 ~ 9, pond water-soluble oxygen amount is greater than 5mg/L, more than the transparency of water body is greater than 40cm, use 5ppm lime slurry per week is watered to full pool spilling head once, within every 10 days, use the ClO 2 solution 0.5ppm of 50% concentration to pond water sterilization once, within every 15 days, change Chi Shui once, each quantity of exchanged water is 30% ~ 50%, the temperature difference of water of changing is less than 5 DEG C, all sterilizations or add water before 12 of periods of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m;
(8) disease control: re-use close eye net in the surrounding of the delivery port in pond and the wire netting of water inlet and cover, guard against insect and enter pond;
(9) maturation: can catch ediblely in the time that the average weight of crab reaches 150g, use that drift net is caught, crab pot is caught, mesh bag is caught or do the method for catching on the pool and catch.
2. crab cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, it is brick wall or plastic film that described anti-in step (1) escapes facility.
3. crab cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described water plants in step (2) comprises one or more of the stem or leaf of cattail, wild rice stem, eel grass, water chestnut, Gorgon fruit, water harmony dish, weter hyacinth, pondweed.
4. crab cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the first bait in step (4) is the mixed feed that the particle bean curd that is less than 1mm, fish slurry, chimney worm adult are made according to the ratio of 1:2:1.
5. crab cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the second bait in step (5), (6) is the mixed feed that ripe soya-bean cake, fishes and shrimps slurry, potato, wheat, bean curd that particle is less than 5mm are made according to the ratio of 3:3:1:1:0.5.
6. crab cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (6), also can in bait, mix Chinese herbal medicine and throw in, described Chinese herbal medicine comprises one or more of the root of large-flowered skullcap, subprostrate sophora, cape jasmine, mulberries, honeysuckle, plantain seed, Chinese holly, Tabasheer, radix semiaquilegiae, felwort, cassia seed, the capsule of weeping forsythia, kuh-seng.
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| CN105210963A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-06 | 苏州市美人半岛齐力生态农产品专业合作社 | The cultural method of a kind of wild rice stem cover crab farming |
| CN105210955A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-06 | 苏州市美人半岛齐力生态农产品专业合作社 | The high-yield cultivation method of crab |
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