CN108077136A - A kind of volume increase cultural method of crab - Google Patents
A kind of volume increase cultural method of crab Download PDFInfo
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- CN108077136A CN108077136A CN201711405720.6A CN201711405720A CN108077136A CN 108077136 A CN108077136 A CN 108077136A CN 201711405720 A CN201711405720 A CN 201711405720A CN 108077136 A CN108077136 A CN 108077136A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of volume increase cultural methods of crab, pass through the primary condition and ecological environment of reasonable construction crab cultivation, select natural animal and plant feed collocation, and it is compound to add a variety of Chinese herbal medicines in feed, can promote crab body metabolism, promotes the synthesis of protein and enzyme, so as to which crab be promoted to grow, improve reproductive capacity and production performance, disease preventing and treating, so as to fulfill the purpose of crab cultivation volume increase.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mariculture fields, and in particular to a kind of volume increase cultural method of crab.
Background technology
Crab is a kind of limnobios, has higher nutritive value, rich in abundant protein and trace element, crab
Though body it is small, the five internal organs are various, deep to be welcome by broad masses as the cuisines on dining table.But the crab grown naturally
Crab much can not meet the eating requirements of people, therefore rely on artificial breeding that can just fill up gaps in market.
The key technology of crab cultivation is the side such as foundation, feeding management, water quality management, anti-escape, anti-harmful animal of aquaculture pond
Face.The cultivation of crab needs good technology, such as growth environment, the requirement to food, water quality, water temperature and daily management side
Face.The bait that needs in the different stages of cultivation crab it is different, it is necessary to growing environment it is also different, many poultry feeders are cultivating
Ignore the scientific offering of crab cultivation ecological environment during crab, using industrial fits feed, cause the destruction of crab ecological environment,
Cause crab survival rate low, quality decline.
With the expansion of artificial breeding crab scale, crab disease is also spreading and is upgrading.Common prevention and treatment crab disease
Means are to clean up the pond, refresh the water periodically before putting in a suitable place to breed, splashing and sterilize Bactericidal medicine etc., but preventive effect is bad, especially virosis, more
It is that preventive effect is poor, cures difficulty.In addition, the drug for the treatment of crab disease is mostly antibiotic, chemical synthetic drug and steroid hormone, these drugs
It can carry out significant damage to mankind's health care belt as feed addictive.At present both at home and abroad relevant expert and scholar all improve finding and
The additives such as substitute antibiotics, then the traditional natural traditional Chinese medicine feed addictive in China come into being.
Scientific experimentation proves that Chinese herbal feed additive contains there are many substances such as amino acid, vitamin, trace elements, leads
Wanting pharmacological action is：Blood vessel can be expanded, increases blood flow, improves microcirculation, excitor nerve system accelerates body metabolism mistake
Journey stimulates body hematopoietic function, promotes cell neogenesis, increases hemoglobin and Erythrocytes, accelerates body and obtains nutrients
The speed of matter increases total white blood cells, the content of immunity of organism globulin and HI potency is improved, so as to enhance autoimmunity work(
Can, improve disease resistance and efficiency of feed utilization and its production performance.And the action principle of its disease preventing and treating be because of its pharmaceutical compositions,
The metabolism of pathogenic microorganism is disturbed and destroyed from the links such as ribonucleic acid, DNA and energy metabolism
Function, and the stronger effect for pressing down and killing pathogen is generated, therefore it is not likely to produce drug resistance and residual.
The content of the invention
The present invention selects natural animal and vegetalitas by the primary condition and ecological environment of reasonable construction crab cultivation
Feed arrangement, and it is compound to add in feed a variety of Chinese herbal medicines, can promote crab body metabolism, promote protein and enzyme
Synthesis, so as to which crab be promoted to grow, improve reproductive capacity and production performance, disease preventing and treating, so as to fulfill crab cultivation volume increase
Purpose.
The present invention is realized by following steps：(1) select the good pool pollution-free, bottom of pond is smooth of water quality, area for 2~
3 mu, depth is 1~1.5m, and the installation of culture pond surrounding, which is put, escapes net, is inserted into 50~60cm of ground；(2) water in pool is allowed to dry,
The excessive mud in pool bottom to be removed, the mud of 8~10cm depths is stayed, is then carried out disinfection with quick lime, dosage is 80 kilograms per acre,
Or so two weeks is placed under natural conditions；(3) water filling into pool, depth of water control is in 30~40cm, using aerator to pond
It is inside oxygenated, water plant is then planted in pool；(4) juvenile crab is put into the pool, injected volume is 500~800 per acre, is launched
Juvenile crab is put into pool by Cheng Zhongxian to be impregnated 2~3 minutes, is further taken out and is put back to bank 5~10 minutes, 3~5 times repeatedly；(5) cultivate
It observes in the process and adjusts cultivating condition, control that pool coolant-temperature gage is 10~30 DEG C, dissolved oxygen content is 6~10mg/L, and it is every
Change the water of half week；(6) juvenile crab bait, early stage young crab bait, young crab bait is respectively configured in the different phase grown according to crab
Material, into crab bait；(7) the juvenile crab stage feeds juvenile crab bait 4 times daily, feed every time interval 4 it is small when more than, feeding rate control exists
120~130%；(8) early stage in the young crab stage feeds early stage young crab bait 4 times daily, feed every time interval 4 it is small when more than, bait throwing in
Rate is controlled 100~110%；(9) the young crab stage feeds young crab bait 3 times daily, feed every time interval 6 it is small when more than, bait throwing in
Rate is controlled 90~100%；(10) feed into crab bait daily into the crab stage 3 times, feed every time interval 6 it is small when more than, bait throwing in
Rate is controlled 60~80%；(11) plant or the animality enemy in the pool are removed daily.
Juvenile crab bait of the present invention is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：30 parts of duckweed, 100 parts of minced fillet, 50 parts of bean curd.
Early stage children crab bait of the present invention is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：80 parts of soybean residue, 50 parts of corn flour, fish
60 parts of slurry, 5 parts of olive money, 5 parts of mulberries, 30 parts of vegetable oil.
Children's crab bait of the present invention is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：30 parts of spiral shell meat, 50 parts of fishes and shrimps meat, corn 50
Part, 13 parts of hawthorn, 4 parts of radix scutellariae, 3 parts of honeysuckle, 3 parts of Fructus Forsythiae, 5 parts of folium isatidis, 1 part of radix bupleuri, 2 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 1 part of Radix Glycyrrhizae, pine needle 5
Part.
It is of the present invention to be made into crab bait of the raw material of following parts by weight：80 parts of fishes and shrimps meat, 20 parts of corn flour, wartwort 3
Part, 5 parts of paulownia leaves, 6 parts of Radix Codonopsis leaf, 3 parts of rheum officinale, 2 parts of Herba Epimedii, 1 part of Radix Astragali, 3 parts of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, 1 part of dandelion, 5 parts of folium artemisiae argyi.
Specific embodiment
With specific embodiment, the invention will be further described below, but the invention is not limited in these embodiments.
A kind of volume increase cultural method of crab, is realized by following steps：(1) the good pollution-free, bottom of pond of water quality is selected to put down
Whole pool, area are 2~3 mu, and depth is 1~1.5m, and the installation of culture pond surrounding, which is put, escapes net, is inserted into 50~60cm of ground；(2)
Water in pool is allowed to dry, the excessive mud in pool bottom is removed, stays the mud of 8~10cm depths, then carried out disinfection with quick lime,
Dosage is 80 kilograms per acre, and or so two weeks is placed under natural conditions；(3) water filling into pool, the depth of water are controlled in 30~40cm,
It is oxygenated using aerator into pond, water plant is then planted in pool；(4) juvenile crab is put into the pool, injected volume is per acre
500~800, first juvenile crab is put into pool in launch process and is impregnated 2~3 minutes, further takes out and puts back to bank 5~10 minutes,
3~5 times repeatedly；(5) observed in breeding process and adjust cultivating condition, it is 10~30 DEG C, dissolved oxygen content to control pool coolant-temperature gage
For 6~10mg/L, and the water of half is changed weekly；(6) juvenile crab bait, morning is respectively configured in the different phase grown according to crab
Phase children crab bait, young crab bait, into crab bait；(7) the juvenile crab stage feeds juvenile crab bait 4 times daily, feed every time interval 4 it is small when
More than, feeding rate is controlled 120~130%；(8) early stage in the young crab stage feeds early stage young crab bait 4 times daily, between feeding every time
More than when 4 is small, feeding rate is controlled 100~110%；(9) the young crab stage feeds young crab bait 3 times daily, between feeding every time
More than when 6 is small, feeding rate is controlled 90~100%；(10) crab bait is fed into daily into the crab stage 3 times, between feeding every time
More than when 6 is small, feeding rate is controlled 60~80%；(11) plant or the animality enemy in the pool are removed daily.
Juvenile crab bait of the present invention is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：30 parts of duckweed, 100 parts of minced fillet, 50 parts of bean curd.
Early stage children crab bait of the present invention is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：80 parts of soybean residue, 50 parts of corn flour, fish
60 parts of slurry, 5 parts of olive money, 5 parts of mulberries, 30 parts of vegetable oil.
Children's crab bait of the present invention is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：30 parts of spiral shell meat, 50 parts of fishes and shrimps meat, corn 50
Part, 13 parts of hawthorn, 4 parts of radix scutellariae, 3 parts of honeysuckle, 3 parts of Fructus Forsythiae, 5 parts of folium isatidis, 1 part of radix bupleuri, 2 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 1 part of Radix Glycyrrhizae, pine needle 5
Part.
It is of the present invention to be made into crab bait of the raw material of following parts by weight：80 parts of fishes and shrimps meat, 20 parts of corn flour, wartwort 3
Part, 5 parts of paulownia leaves, 6 parts of Radix Codonopsis leaf, 3 parts of rheum officinale, 2 parts of Herba Epimedii, 1 part of Radix Astragali, 3 parts of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, 1 part of dandelion, 5 parts of folium artemisiae argyi.
Claims (5)
1. the volume increase cultural method of a kind of crab, which is characterized in that comprise the following steps：(1) the good pollution-free, pond of water quality is selected
The smooth pool in bottom, area are 2~3 mu, and depth is 1~1.5m, and the installation of culture pond surrounding, which is put, escapes net, insertion ground 50~
60cm；(2) water in pool is allowed to dry, removes the excessive mud in pool bottom, stay the mud of 8~10cm depths, then use quick lime
It carries out disinfection, dosage is 80 kilograms per acre, and or so two weeks is placed under natural conditions；(3) water filling into pool, depth of water control exist
30~40cm is oxygenated into pond using aerator, water plant is then planted in pool；(4) juvenile crab is put into the pool, launched
Measure as 500~800 per acre, first juvenile crab be put into pool in launch process and is impregnated 2~3 minutes, further take out put back to bank 5~
10 minutes, repeatedly 3~5 times；(5) observed in breeding process and adjust cultivating condition, control pool coolant-temperature gage as 10~30 DEG C, dissolving
Oxygen content is 6~10mg/L, and changes the water of half weekly；(6) juvenile crab is respectively configured in the different phase grown according to crab
Bait, early stage young crab bait, young crab bait, into crab bait；(7) the juvenile crab stage feeds juvenile crab bait 4 times daily, between feeding every time
More than when 4 is small, feeding rate is controlled 120~130%；(8) early stage in the young crab stage feeds early stage young crab bait 4 times daily, often
It is secondary feed interval 4 it is small when more than, feeding rate control 100~110%；(9) the young crab stage feeds young crab bait 3 times daily, often
It is secondary feed interval 6 it is small when more than, feeding rate control 90~100%；(10) crab bait is fed into daily into the crab stage 3 times, often
It is secondary feed interval 6 it is small when more than, feeding rate control 60~80%；(11) plant or the animality enemy in the pool are removed daily.
2. the volume increase cultural method of a kind of crab according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (6), step (7) institute
Juvenile crab bait is stated to be made of the raw material of following parts by weight：30 parts of duckweed, 100 parts of minced fillet, 50 parts of bean curd.
3. the volume increase cultural method of a kind of crab according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (6), step (8) institute
Early stage young crab bait is stated to be made of the raw material of following parts by weight：80 parts of soybean residue, 50 parts of corn flour, 60 parts of fish slurry, 5 parts of olive money,
5 parts of mulberries, 30 parts of vegetable oil.
4. the volume increase cultural method of a kind of crab according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (6), step (9) institute
Young crab bait is stated to be made of the raw material of following parts by weight：30 parts of spiral shell meat, 50 parts of fishes and shrimps meat, 50 parts of corn, 13 parts of hawthorn, radix scutellariae 4
Part, 3 parts of honeysuckle, 3 parts of Fructus Forsythiae, 5 parts of folium isatidis, 1 part of radix bupleuri, 2 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 1 part of Radix Glycyrrhizae, 5 parts of pine needle.
5. the volume increase cultural method of a kind of crab according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (6), step (10) institute
Crab bait is stated into be made of the raw material of following parts by weight：80 parts of fishes and shrimps meat, 20 parts of corn flour, 3 parts of wartwort, 5 parts of paulownia leaves, Radix Codonopsis
6 parts of leaf, 3 parts of rheum officinale, 2 parts of Herba Epimedii, 1 part of Radix Astragali, 3 parts of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, 1 part of dandelion, 5 parts of folium artemisiae argyi.
Priority Applications (1)
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