CN104098356B - A kind of polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer and preparation method - Google Patents

A kind of polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer and preparation method Download PDF

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CN104098356B
CN104098356B CN201310115288.2A CN201310115288A CN104098356B CN 104098356 B CN104098356 B CN 104098356B CN 201310115288 A CN201310115288 A CN 201310115288A CN 104098356 B CN104098356 B CN 104098356B
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polynary
caryae cathayensis
semen caryae
special fertilizer
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CN104098356A (en
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王安志
李晓晏
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Institute of Applied Ecology of CAS
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Abstract

Invention relates to a kind of polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer and fertilizing management.Count by weight, 6-10 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 8-12 parts, potassium sulfate 12-16 parts, bone meal and rare earth 32.3-36.3 parts, cow dung and furfural dregs 28-32 parts, moderate-element calcium 7.1-7.3 parts, trace element 1.4-1.8 parts, viable bacteria fermentation agent 0.2-0.3 part.Polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer of the present invention, organism is combined into bone meal, rare earth acidifying combination and cow dung and fermentation of furfural residues, with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and multiple medium trace element mixture, belong to multielement nutrition type fertilizer, the integral level of Semen Caryae Cathayensis can be increased substantially, improve crop yield and quality, stimulation plant growth, improve crop resistance, extend fertilizer deenergized period, reduce fertilizer loss, strengthen the resistance of crop, provide a large amount of organic matters to soil, play the Sustainable development progressively improving edatope.

Description

A kind of polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer and preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer, specifically a kind of polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer and preparation method.
Background technology
Semen Caryae Cathayensis northeastward mountain area, large portion distribution is very wide, and Semen Caryae Cathayensis is also little walnut, hickory, data presentation, the nutritive substance of Semen Caryae Cathayensis rich in vitamin E and the needed by human such as phosphatide, unsaturated fatty acids.Wherein containing protein 8.5 ~ 9.6%; The amino acid of needed by human account for more than 7 kinds and content up to more than 25%; Oil-containing 69.8 ~ 74.01%, wherein unsaturated fatty acids accounts for 88.38 ~ 95.78%, because the molecular structure of oil content is fairly simple, is very easily absorbed by the body; Also containing 22 kinds of mineral elements, be necessary to act on to human body, the calcium that nutritive value is higher, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc, iron equal size are very abundant, therefore have people that its nutriture value is planted and eel than beautiful.Long-term edible, have effect of moistening lung, nourishing and rehabilitation, also can reduce blood fat, prevention cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is the very high economic dry fruit of nutrition, health value.Semen Caryae Cathayensis and common walnut be not containing cholesterol, and saturated fatty acid content is roughly the same.But the unsaturated fatty acid content of Semen Caryae Cathayensis, especially monounsaturated fatty acids content is far above walnut, therefore reduces bad cholesterol, and the effect having improved cholesterol is better.In addition, the content of mineral substances of Semen Caryae Cathayensis is also higher than common walnut, and particularly Zn content is abundanter, growth in humans not only can be impelled to grow, can also strengthen the vigor of brain cell, promotes wound and ulcer healing, and can increase intelligence and memory.In Semen Caryae Cathayensis, the content of vitamin A is also higher, contributes to prevention nyctalopia and visual deterioration, for long-term wear contact lens or watch attentively for a long time computer, TV screen people also more useful.Playing in body-building class walnut process, the Semen Caryae Cathayensis of product lover also occupies the position of a seat, often pair of price is in hundreds of extremely thousands of unit, people utilize the corner angle of tough and tensile, the projection of walnut, skill and technique motion both hands such as rubbing, rub with the hands, press, pinch, rub, roll, extruding stimulates reaction zone on hand, reaches the effect that easypro arteries and veins dredging collateral activates blood circulation and disperses blood clots, improves the health.Because walnut skin depth matter is hard, crumples through the pushing phase, the infiltration of sweat, the infiltration of grease, the polishing of time, finally become bright inner red, a red inner transparent found object.In the mind of playing walnut people, walnut is not only body-building article, is also not only an artwork, it still plays, body-building, views and admires the apple of one's eye.
Chinese walnut is perennial fruit tree, comparatively cold-resistant, resistance to the moon of Semen Caryae Cathayensis in growth characteristics, growth district is with year samming 13.5 ~ 17.2 DEG C, annual rainfall 1300 ~ 1500mm, the mountain region of height above sea level 150 ~ 800m, Semen Caryae Cathayensis is because of reasons such as physical features, sunlight, slope aspect, nutrient deficiency, shade density, disease and pest and management levels, and the not high shakiness of output is the problem that can not get for a long time on producing solving.Semen Caryae Cathayensis is distributed in abrupt slope, soil is thin, severe water and soil erosion is more low-lying mountain region more, every year because a large amount of nutrition and don't application in time are taken away in receipts fruit and soil erosion, Forest Soil Fertility is caused day by day to decline, tree vigo(u)r is weak, sick worm grows, in the particularly treelet stage, grow vigorous and rapid, enough nutrient supplies must be ensured.The quality that treelet grows directly affects the output in the best fruiting period.If desired nutritional is not being met, the consumption that just there will be nutritive substance is unbalance with accumulation, causes nutritional trouble, weakens growing of organ, causes deformity tree or " stunted tree ".Only have by fertilising, constantly supplement the nutrient in soil, the needs that it grows could be met.Fertilising also can improve mechanical composition and the Soil structure of soil, is conducive to the root system development of Juglans regia trees, and promoting bud differentiation, is the key of growth regulation and fruit-setting rate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer and preparation method.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer, count by weight, 6-10 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 8-12 parts, potassium sulfate 12-16 parts, acidifying bone meal 32.3-36.3 parts, cow dung and furfural dregs 28-32 parts, moderate-element 7.1-7.3 parts, trace element 1.4-1.8 parts.
Described moderate-element is and calcium and magnesium, wherein 0.2 part, magnesium sulfate; Trace element counts borax 0.3 part, 0.2 part, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate 0.4 part, 0.25 part, ferrous sulfate, 0.2 part, copper sulfate and molybdenum 0.2 part by weight.
Described furfural dregs and cow dung obtain as follows, the fresh cow dung of 1000kg, 2.5kg ferrous sulfate and the agent of 240g viable bacteria fermentation is added in every 500kg furfural dregs, then add water and make its water content be 45-50%, then in 68-70 DEG C of bottom fermentations 25-27 days, stack 2-3 days after fermentation, for subsequent use after drying and crushing.
Described acidifying bone meal is that pig, horse, ox and sheep bone are through acidifying gained; By the degreasing after high temperature steams of pig, horse, ox and sheep bone, then under 40.5KPa pressure steam treatment, be then crushed to 20-30 orders; Adopt cement structures acidification pool during the process of acidifying bone meal, the degree of depth is 0.8m, is convenient to discharging and conveniently adopts rectangle, and length and width can be made by oneself according to consumption producer; After pulverizing, every 1000kg bone meal adds dilute sulphuric acid 400kg and the rare earth 330kg that mass concentration is 30%, puddles rear placement 10-12 days, goes out pond dry for standby.
The preparation method of polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer, by weight percentage, by 6-10 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 8-12 parts, potassium sulfate 12-16 parts, moderate-element 7.1-7.3 parts and trace element 1.4-1.8 parts of mixing, after mixing, be crushed to 30-40 orders, stand-by; Then again bone meal 28-32 parts and cow dung and furfural dregs 28-32 parts of particles are mixed; Then namely obtain polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer through extruder grain in a traditional way.
Described furfural dregs and cow dung obtain as follows, the fresh cow dung of 1000kg, 2.5kg ferrous sulfate and the agent of 240g viable bacteria fermentation is added in every 500kg furfural dregs, then add water and make its water content be 45-50%, then in 68-70 DEG C of bottom fermentations 25-27 days, stack 2-3 days after fermentation, for subsequent use after drying and crushing.
Described acidifying bone meal is that pig, horse, ox and sheep bone are through acidifying gained; By the degreasing after high temperature steams of pig, horse, ox and sheep bone, then under 40.5KPa pressure steam treatment, be then crushed to 20-30 orders; Adopt cement structures acidification pool during the process of acidifying bone meal, the degree of depth is 0.8m, is convenient to discharging and conveniently adopts rectangle, and length and width can be made by oneself according to consumption producer; After pulverizing, every 1000kg bone meal adds dilute sulphuric acid 400kg and the rare earth 330kg that mass concentration is 30%, puddles rear placement 10-12 days, goes out pond dry for standby.
How many described special fertilizer rates of fertilizer application will determine according to tree body size and result, 1st time should at late March, the tree of General Result 2.5-5kg, every strain year executes Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer 2kg, 2 each 1kg in front and back, 2nd time should after fruit picking, less tree is each 0.5-0.75kg at every turn, fertilizing method essential factor terrain and different.Steep hillslope can tree upward slope dig one wide 20 centimetres, the cave of dark 40-50 centimetres, put in cave dead leaf, table soil and fertilizer mixing, upper cover earth, this method can reduce fertilizer loss and extend fertilizer efficiency.
The advantage that the present invention has:
1. polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer of the present invention, organism is combined into bone meal, rare earth acidifying combination and cow dung, fermentation of furfural residues, with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and multiple medium trace element mixture, belong to multielement nutrition type fertilizer, the integral level of Semen Caryae Cathayensis can be increased substantially, improve crop yield and quality, stimulation plant growth, improve crop resistance, extend fertilizer deenergized period, reduce fertilizer loss, strengthen the resistance of crop, provide a large amount of organic matters to play the effect improveing soil gradually to soil.The present invention is combined through the quick-acting chemical fertilizer of pre-treatment and inorganic substance, medium trace element by organic substance carrier, select auxiliary material mixture and granulation, gained fertilizer to the adaptability of Chinese walnut and on the spot effect be the needs that the kind of nutritive element and quantity can meet Chinese walnut and grows.And its organic content >=45%, according to different geological conditions, and can be improved the mass action of Chinese walnut simultaneously.
2. fertilizer of the present invention is owing to having acidifying bone meal, rare earth and the cow dung of fermentation, the effect of furfural dregs, single chemical fertilizer proterties condition can be changed and improve result of use, crop resistance can also be improved, can disease-resistant, drought resisting, cold-resistant, promote that plant growth provides multiple element to crop, improvement soil fertility and the soil texture, alleviate ecological environmental pollution, improve crop yield and quality, its economic benefit and social benefit are all clearly.Described acidifying bone meal, by pig, horse, ox and sheep bone, comes unstuck after high temperature steams, and also claims superfine deglued bone meal, is glue byproduct.Obtain through steam treatment with the bone of 40.5KPa pressure steam treatment or utilization extraction gelatine again, because marrow and fat almost all remove, be called that degreasing is come unstuck, therefore without foreign odor, color and luster is pure white, can long storage periods.Because of autoclaving, calcium, phosphorus content are stable, and not easily disease carrying germ is best bone meal raw material.Phosphorus content can reach more than 12%, and calcium content is about 24%, is also rich in various trace elements simultaneously.After the dilute sulphuric acid process that mass concentration is 30%, the content of tatal phosphorus of bone meal is made to be converted into rapid available phosphorus.
3. fertilizer of the present invention is due to the effect of rare earth, and rare earth is the gang's element in periodictable, 15 kinds of elements such as lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium that its do as one likes matter is quite similar and the scandium very similar to lanthanon character, yttrium totally ten seven kinds elementary composition, be referred to as rare earth element.Result of study shows, rare earth element can improve the chlorophyll content of plant, strengthens photosynthesis, promotes root system development, increases root system to nutrition absorption.Rare earth can also promote seed germination, improves rate of emergence, promotes growth of seedling.Except above Main Function, also have and make some crop strengthen ability that is disease-resistant, cold-resistant, drought resisting.This product is after the dilute sulphuric acid process that mass concentration is 30%, and rare earth element can be promoted, and plant is to the absorption of nutrient, conversion and utilization.
4. the application of the present invention polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer has significant volume increase, value-rising.Because of Chinese walnut self-sow for many years, cause nutritional trouble situation relatively more serious, manurial experiment effect seems more obvious on the spot, and first-class Semen Caryae Cathayensis ratio reaches 33 ~ 35%, medium Semen Caryae Cathayensis ratio reaches 52 ~ 54%, crop differs greatly 45 ~ 96% according to biennial bearing effect of increasing production, and fruit shape is oval, the micro-point in top, shell is thick, mean fruit weight 9.82g, the raising of Yield and qualities simultaneously, progressively improves the Sustainable development of edatope.
Attached caption
The process flow sheet of the polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment party French
Embodiment 1
Polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer: count by weight, 8.5 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 10.5 parts, potassium sulfate 14.5 parts, bone meal and rare earth 33.3 parts, cow dung and furfural dregs 30.7 parts, calcium (be included in bone meal is 7.2 parts) are (wherein, calcium can reach more than 12% according to the phosphorus content of deglued bone meal own, and calcium content is 24% conversion), 0.2 part, magnesium sulfate, borax 0.3 part, 0.2 part, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate 0.4 part, 0.25 part, ferrous sulfate, 0.2 part, copper sulfate and molybdenum 0.2 part.
Polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer preparation method:
1) acidifying bone meal, by pig, horse, ox, and sheep bone, high temperature steams, steaming method is with the related high temperature pressure seal tank of 1-2 tons of boilers, tank body is upright vertical type, top is charging bole, bottom is discharging and marrow, fat and impurity etc., bone is loaded high temperature pressure seal tank, larger bone or bone rod need to cut process with a chainsaw before tinning, that extracts after marrow and fat are steamed under 40.5KPa pressure is more thorough, steaming time is 8 hours, steam rear marrow to be separated with bone with fat, be deposited in tank base, first marrow and fat are released after can opening and separately use it for anything else, bone can be pulverized after taking out cooling.Because marrow and fat almost all remove, be called that degreasing is come unstuck, therefore without foreign odor, color and luster is pure white, can long storage periods.Because of autoclaving, calcium, phosphorus content are stable, and not easily disease carrying germ, phosphorus content can reach more than 12%, and calcium content is about 24%, is also rich in various trace elements simultaneously.Acidifying bone meal and rare earth adopt cement structures acidification pool, and the degree of depth is 0.8m, are convenient to discharging and conveniently adopt rectangle, and length and width can be made by oneself according to consumption producer.Acidification technique flow process puts into pond with the dilute sulphuric acid 400kg that mass concentration is 30%, and the assorted bone meal after degreasing being come unstuck is broken to 20-30 orders, gets bone meal 1000kg, rare earth 330kg after pulverizing and puddle, puddle rear placement 10-12 days, go out pond dry for standby;
2) with fermentation vat, by furfural dregs 500kg, fresh cow dung 1000kg, ferrous sulfate 2.5kg, add two bags (120g/ bag) agriculture Citroen zx EM viable bacteria fermentation agent (being produced by agriculture Citroen zx bio tech ltd, Zhengzhou City Henan Province), adding water after mixing and being modulated into water content is 45-50%, with hold agglomerating both can, mix and evenly enter pond.
The fermentation processing technique of furfural dregs described at the bottom of pond and cow dung: zymotechnique flow process is overall under adopting ground level cement structures and pond uses plastic cloth encapsulation process, intakes with anti-gas-leak.Under fermentation vat pond, the degree of depth is 0.8m, be convenient to discharging and conveniently adopt rectangle, length and width can be made by oneself according to consumption producer, in fermentation vat, top temperature can reach 70 DEG C, miscellaneous bacteria worm's ovum can be killed, stink eliminate, in the pond in installation temperature measuring set, the temperature variation of omnidistance record yeast phase, fermentation period is 25-27 days, stacks 2-3 days after going out pond, for subsequent use after drying and crushing.
3) count by weight, by 8.5 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 10.5 parts, potassium sulfate 14.5 parts, calcium 7.2 parts, magnesium sulfate, 0.2 part, borax 0.3 part, 0.2 part, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate 0.4 part, 0.2 part, copper sulfate and molybdenum 0.2 part mixing after be crushed to 30-40 orders, again with above-mentioned steps 1) gained acidifying bone meal 30.5 parts and step 2) gained fermented product 31.3 parts puddles, through traditional method extruder grain after puddling, above-mentioned gained special fertilizer is carried out component content detection, see table 1
Table 1 the present invention polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer active constituent content table
Middle amount and trace element >=9.1(%) N.P.K total content >=27.5(%) Total nitrogen content >=12.1(%)
Total phosphorous >=8.4(%) Total potassium content >=7.0(%) Total calcium content >=7.2(%)
Humic acids content >=1.1(%) Moisture content≤5(%) Organic content >=45(%)
Use above-described embodiment and prepare the polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer of gained in Semen Caryae Cathayensis:
The annual cycle that Semen Caryae Cathayensis fertilization time will grow according to Semen Caryae Cathayensis determines.The tip (the brachyplast shape naked bub that last year is formed) is taken out in Semen Caryae Cathayensis rudiment at the beginning of general 4 months, mid-April to mid-May breaks up at young sprout top, grow buds, May, early and middle ten days was yielded positive results, and formed new brachyplast shape naked bub (fruitful branch for next year) late May to July, and at the middle and lower part of naked bub differentiation male flower bud, July, fruit growth was very fast, August is long pulp mainly, and September, fruit was ripe, enters dormancy during early and middle ten days fallen leaves in November.According to this phenological period, visible Semen Caryae Cathayensis fertilising has two critical periods: the 1st time should at late March, fertilising can promote buds differentiation then, the shoot and leaf growth of growth and the spring tip, the 2nd time should after fruit picking, and current fertilizer can recover tree vigo(u)r, extend Leaf longevity, increase leaf photosynthesis ability, make as far as possible many synthesis nutrition be stored in limb and in root, for bud differentiation in spring next year and young sprout growth.
Fertilising quantity and method
After soil thaws, to rudiment, (late March) applies fertilizer immediately.How many rates of fertilizer application will determine according to tree body size and result, and the tree of General Result 2.5-5kg, every strain year executes Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer 2kg, each 1kg in 2 times, front and back.Less tree is each 0.5-0.75kg at every turn, fertilizing method essential factor terrain and different.Can dig a wide 20cm rice, the cave of dark 40-50cm at the upward slope of tree at steep hillslope, in cave, put into dead leaf, table soil and fertilizer mixing, upper cover earth, this method can reduce fertilizer loss and extend fertilizer efficiency.
Ring-type is applied fertilizer: be usually used in the treelet that life in 4 years is following, around trunk, along the outer rim of tree crown, dig a dark 30-40cm, the ring-type dressing furrow of wide 40-50cm, fertilizer is evenly applied and buries, base manure can buried depth a bit, impose quick-acting fertilizer and answer shallow embedding.The position of dressing furrow every year along with the expansion of tree crown to external expansion.
Cave-shaped fertilising: this fado is used for topdressing.Centered by trunk, from 1/2 place of tree crown radius, scrape out the some vesicles be evenly distributed, fertilizer is applied in cave and buries.
Radiating fertilization: the above treelet of life commonly used this method in 5 years.From the different azimuth at tree crown edge, dig 6-8 radial dressing furrows to trunk direction, long general 50 centimetres of ditch, wide 40-50 centimetres, bulk application ditch depth 30 ~ 40 centimetres, the ditch depth that topdresses is 10-20 centimetres, the position of annual dressing furrow will be changed, and moves outward along with the expansion of tree crown.

Claims (6)

1. a polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer, it is characterized in that: count by weight, 6-10 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 8-12 parts, potassium sulfate 12-16 parts, acidifying bone meal 32.3-36.3 parts, cow dung and furfural dregs 28-32 parts, moderate-element 7.1-7.3 parts, trace element 1.4-1.8 parts;
Described cow dung and furfural dregs obtain as follows, the fresh cow dung of 1000kg, 2.5kg ferrous sulfate and the agent of 240g viable bacteria fermentation is added in every 500kg furfural dregs, then add water and make its water content be 45-50%, then in 68-70 DEG C of bottom fermentations 25-27 days, stack 2-3 days after fermentation, for subsequent use after drying and crushing.
2., by polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described moderate-element is calcium and magnesium, wherein 0.2 part, magnesium sulfate; Trace element counts borax 0.3 part, 0.2 part, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate 0.4 part, 0.25 part, ferrous sulfate, 0.2 part, copper sulfate and molybdenum 0.2 part by weight.
3., by polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described acidifying bone meal is that pig, horse, ox and sheep bone are through acidifying gained; By the degreasing after high temperature steams of pig, horse, ox and sheep bone, steam treatment under 40.5kPa pressure, is then crushed to 20-30 orders again, and after pulverizing, every 1000kg bone meal adds dilute sulphuric acid 400kg and the rare earth 330kg that mass concentration is 30%, puddle rear placement 10-12 days, dry for standby.
4. the preparation method of a polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: by weight percentage, by 6-10 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 8-12 parts, potassium sulfate 12-16 parts, moderate-element 7.1-7.3 parts and trace element 1.4-1.8 parts of mixing, 30-40 orders are crushed to after mixing, stand-by; Then again acidifying bone meal 32.3-36.3 parts and cow dung and furfural dregs 28-32 parts of particles are mixed; Then namely obtain polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer through extruder grain in a traditional way.
5. by the preparation method of polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described cow dung and furfural dregs obtain as follows, the fresh cow dung of 1000kg, 2.5kg ferrous sulfate and the agent of 240g viable bacteria fermentation is added in every 500kg furfural dregs, then add water and make its water content be 45-50%, then in 68-70 DEG C of bottom fermentations 25-27 days, stack 2-3 days after fermentation, for subsequent use after drying and crushing.
6., by the preparation method of polynary Semen Caryae Cathayensis special fertilizer according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described acidifying bone meal is that pig, horse, ox and sheep bone are through acidifying gained; By the degreasing after high temperature steams of pig, horse, ox and sheep bone, steam treatment under 40.5kPa pressure, is then crushed to 20-30 orders again, and after pulverizing, every 1000kg bone meal adds dilute sulphuric acid 400kg and the rare earth 330kg that mass concentration is 30%, puddle rear placement 10-12 days, dry for standby.
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WO2019079793A3 (en) * 2017-10-20 2019-06-20 Brix Usa Llc System for decreasing the drought impact in the performance of a culture, methods for preparing the component i of the system, method for decreasing the drought impact on the performance of a culture using such system and the agricultural tool being used therein

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