CN104086238A - Preparation method of biogas residue organic fertilizer employing biochar as carrier - Google Patents

Preparation method of biogas residue organic fertilizer employing biochar as carrier Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104086238A
CN104086238A CN201410254165.1A CN201410254165A CN104086238A CN 104086238 A CN104086238 A CN 104086238A CN 201410254165 A CN201410254165 A CN 201410254165A CN 104086238 A CN104086238 A CN 104086238A
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biogas residue
biological carbon
organic fertilizer
natural pond
pond slag
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CN104086238B (en
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利锋
龙小林
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of biogas residue organic fertilizer employing biochar as a carrier. The preparation method includes following steps: performing a solid-liquid separating process to a biogas residue, mixing the biogas residue with minced straw, stirring the biogas residue and the straw uniformly, adding plant ash or calcium oxide to carry out a secondary fermenting process to obtain a fermented product of the biogas residue, mixing the fermented product of the biogas residue with biochar, adding a binding agent, and performing a granulating and dring process to obtain biogas residue-biochar organic fertilizer. The biogas residue organic fertilizer, without addition of any chemical fertilizer, is a pure organic fertilizer. By means of the biogas residue organic fertilizer, yield and quality of crops can be increased and a negative influence of the fertilizer to environment can be reduced. In addition, the biogas residue organic fertilizer is beneficial to improvement of soil and continuous utilization of land. The biochar is prepared by employing water hyacinth and is used as the carrier of the fertilizer so that a problem of application of the water hyacinth can be solved. By means of the straw as an auxiliary material for fermentation, a large amount of agricultural wastes can be digested. Furthermore, on the basis that the biochar has a carbon-sequestration effect, greenhouse gas emission can be reduced. Development and utilization of the biogas residue organic fertilizer are beneficial to alleviation of greenhouse effect.

Description

A kind ofly take the biogas residue organic fertilizer preparation method that biological carbon is carrier
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of agricultural fertilizers, particularly a kind ofly take the biogas residue organic fertilizer preparation method that biological carbon is carrier.
Background technology
Since reform and opening-up, agricultural products in China increase of production amplitude is very large, and the contribution of chemical fertilizer is performed meritorious deeds never to be obliterated.Yet along with time integral, the side effect of chemical fertilizer highlights day by day: chemical fertilizer causes soil compaction, affects the ventilation property of soil, long-term application reduces soil productivity; The residue of chemical fertilizer is inestimable on the impact of environment, and for example nitrogenous fertilizer can be with the form chronic pollution underground water of nitrate, and unnecessary nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer potash fertilizer causes body eutrophication along with rainfall runoff enters water body.In addition along with growth in the living standard, broad masses like Organic food, the crop of chemical fertilizer plantation, and its quality and Organic food greatly differ from each other: nitrate content is high, and VITAMIN equal size is low, and mouthfeel is poor, long-term edible unfavorable to HUMAN HEALTH.Therefore need developing ecology fertilizer badly.
The Chinese government widelys popularize biogas in decades, rural biogas project popularity rate is higher, has produced a large amount of natural pond liquid, natural pond slag, if these natural pond liquid, natural pond slag can not get utilizing and processing fully, not only the normal operation of biogas engineering can be affected, and new environmental pollution can be caused.With natural pond slag, making fertilizer is the good method that solves natural pond slag outlet.Natural pond slag nutritive ingredient is complete: the detritus acid of the organic matter that contains 30%~50% left and right, 10%~20% left and right, the full nitrogen of 1%~2% left and right are, the full potassium of the full phosphorus of 0.8% left and right, 1.2% left and right; And contain the trace elements such as boron, copper, zinc, be the good basic material of producing efficient (biology) compoiste fertilizer.
Biological carbon is that the product that incomplete thermal destruction obtains occurs biomass under certain condition.Biological carbon has multiple benefit for global environment: the carbon in biomass is locked in biological carbon, thereby has reduced carbonic acid gas isothermal chamber gas purging amount, contributes to alleviate global warming; The biological carbon of excellent property can be applicable to the fields such as sewage disposal, off gas treatment; Common biological carbon can be used as soil improvement agent, and because its pore space structure is easy to assemble nutritive substance and beneficial microorganism, the ability that can improve soil water moisture self restraint and preserve nutrient, finally reaches the effect that increases crop yield and improvement soil.There are some researches prove, the charcoal in the Amazon black earth earth of South America can make oneth century of maintenance of soil fertility, and the soil there does not need ploughing and weeding to irrigate, still very fertile.Current plant roots and stems, the research that wood chip and stalk etc. is processed into biological carbon has been reported.
The domestic existing patent application that utilizes natural pond slag to manufacture fertilizer for raw material, for example: application number is CN101423425 (active bio-organic fertilizer and method thereof are produced in natural pond slag for comprehensive utilization), application number CN101774848A (biogas residue organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof), and application number CN101229982A (a kind of method of utilizing natural pond slag to produce mixed organic manure).But all do not relate to the content of utilizing biological carbon to manufacture biogas residue organic fertilizer.
Chinese patent document CN101774848A is difficult to dehydrating and curing for natural pond slag and mechanical dehydration is dried the high problem of energy consumption, the technique of utilizing the spontaneous curing of shallow pond air-dry has been proposed, in Zha Qian pond, natural pond, through aerobic Secondary Fermentation, air-dry, curing, reach moisture and the physical property requirement of granulation; But the air-dry technique of shallow pond spontaneous curing of carrying needs the set time of 5-6 month, and this Secondary Fermentation mode efficiency is not high, likely make fermentation not exclusively.In order to improve output, many natural ponds slag fertilize preparation craft has all taked to add the way of chemical fertilizer, as Chinese patent document CN101229982A (a kind of method of utilizing natural pond slag to produce mixed organic manure) and CN101774848A (biogas residue organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof); Although can obtain in a short time high yield like this, on long terms soil still be had to negative impact.And for producing high-quality green food, the natural pond slag fertilizer that has added chemical fertilizer remains unaccommodated.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide a kind of biogas residue organic fertilizer preparation method that biological carbon is carrier of take; This pure fertilizer be take biological carbon as carrier, take natural pond slag as main raw material, and auxiliary material is stalk, does not add any chemical fertilizer in manufacturing processed.
The present invention realizes by following technological step:
The biogas residue organic fertilizer preparation method that the biological carbon of take is carrier, the stalk by the natural pond slag fusion chopping after solid-liquid separation, after stirring, adds plant ash or unslaked lime and carries out Secondary Fermentation, obtains natural pond slag tunning; By natural pond slag tunning and biological carbon blending, add tackiness agent; Through granulation, dry to moisture and be less than 18%, after obtain natural pond slag-biological carbon fertilizer.
Described moisture content of straws is lower than 10%; Straw chopping degree is 3~6mm; Natural pond slag: stalk weight ratio is: 3:1~4:1; Mixture moisture content mass content after stirring is controlled at 55%~65%, and adding plant ash or unslaked lime to regulate pH value is 7~7.3; Described Secondary Fermentation concrete steps are: within every 24 hours, ventilate 2~3 times, twice ventilation cell was every 8~12 hours, each ventilation time is 2~3 minutes, turning in every 6~8 days once, through more than 40 days, natural pond slag tunning outward appearance is dark brown, after natural pond slag tunning becomes thoroughly decomposed, completes Secondary Fermentation process.
In aforesaid method, described biological carbon is the biological carbon that the agricultural wastes such as Herba Eichhorniae biological carbon or stalk are made, and particle diameter is 5~10mm; The add-on of biological carbon accounts for 10%~15% of natural pond slag tunning, biological carbon and tackiness agent gross weight.
In aforesaid method, described tackiness agent is attapulgite clay powder, and its add-on accounts for 1%~2% of natural pond slag tunning, biological carbon and tackiness agent gross weight.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1. utilize biological carbon as fertilizer sources synergistic carrier (for the controlled-release material of fertilizer nutrient slow/controlled release), the natural pond slag of take is prepared fertilizer as main raw material; Can improve output and the quality of farm crop, improvement soil also reduces the negative impact of fertilizer to environment.
2. utilize stalk for auxiliary material carries out Secondary Fermentation to natural pond slag, can reduce natural pond slag water ratio and improve ventilation property, contribute to reduce natural pond slag dehydration cost, and be conducive to farm crop absorbing nutrient.
3. the present invention does not add chemical fertilizer, is a kind of pure fertilizer.The present invention can improve output and the quality of farm crop, reduces the negative impact of fertilizer to environment, and has very much benifit for the improvement of soil and the sustainable utilization in soil.
4. the present invention has implemented the thought of utilization of waste material and recycling economy: utilize Herba Eichhorniae to make the problem of outlet that biological carbon as fertilizer sources carrier contributes to solve Herba Eichhorniae; Utilize stalk for the auxiliary material a large amount of agricultural wastes of can dissolving that ferment.
5. in addition in view of biological carbon has solid carbon effect, can reduce greenhouse gas emission, the exploitation of this product contribute to slow down Greenhouse effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 Technology Roadmap of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is done specifically to describe in detail further, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this, for not dated especially processing parameter, can carry out with reference to routine techniques.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, in methane-generating pit, slag moisture content in natural pond is 87%, by shurry pump, is pumped into solid-liquid separating machine, and through the natural pond of solid-liquid separation, pulp water is divided into 55%.By the rice straw drying (water ratio is no more than 10%) chopping, chopping degree is 6mm.By natural pond slag and stalk in the ratio of 3:1 (weight ratio) stirring and evenly mixing, add plant ash to regulate pH to 7.1, mixture composting is placed in to booth, lay on the ground plastic film, by mixture, evenly on plastic film, bottom is buried vent-pipe underground, with small blast fan air feed, within every 24 hours, ventilate 3 times, twice ventilation cell was every 8 hours, and each ventilation time is 3 minutes.Turning in every 6~8 days once, obtained natural pond slag tunning after 40 days, and natural pond slag tunning outward appearance is dark brown, short texture.Outer natural air drying to the water ratio of dislocation booth is less than 35%, with chain type pulverizer, is ground into loose powdery afterwards.
To in natural pond slag tunning and Herba Eichhorniae biological carbon input mixing machine, fully be mixed, add attapulgite clay powder as tackiness agent, the add-on of natural pond slag tunning, Herba Eichhorniae biological carbon, attapulgite clay powder is respectively 83%, 15%, and 2% (weight percentage).The material being mixed is dropped into extruding in Squeezinggranulator granulates.The cylindrical particle of extrusion molding is dropped in disk trimmer, is spherical particle by particle shaping.Spherical particle is dropped in dryer, dry to moisture and be less than 18%, then be cooled to below 35 ℃ through cooler, above-mentioned cooled particle is sieved to rear packing warehouse-in.
The method of above-mentioned Herba Eichhorniae biological carbon is prepared biological carbon: Herba Eichhorniae is excised to its root and leaf, and Qu Qi stem (whole stem), with water wash; Shred to 1cm, under sunlight, natural drying is 6 days, to water ratio 14.8%.Raw material after preliminary hydro-extraction is dropped into tube furnace, before heating, is the nitrogen of 250cm3/min toward the interior logical 20 minutes gas speed of stove, and making in Reaktionsofen is oxygen-free environment.Setting temperature of reaction is 450 ℃, (within 8 minutes, reaching target temperature) is rapidly heated, the time of isothermal reaction is subsequently 40 minutes, after isothermal pyrolysis completes, powered-down, the closed state that keeps Reaktionsofen, cooling naturally, obtains Herba Eichhorniae biological carbon (taking out after being down to room temperature) (particle diameter is 5~10mm).
The above-mentioned biogas residue organic fertilizer making, for planting tomato, has been done to 3 kinds and processed and contrast.The first is processed: only use chemical fertilizer (urea+calcium superphosphate+potassium sulfate), amount of application 60kg/ mu; The second is processed: only use the made biogas residue organic fertilizer of this law, amount of application 150kg/ mu; The third processing: use chemical fertilizer (urea+calcium superphosphate+potassium sulfate)+biogas residue organic fertilizer, amount of application is chemical fertilizer 30kg/ mu, fertilizer 80kg/ mu).The results are shown in following table, from following table, although use biological carbon fertilizer output a little less than chemical fertilizer, quality significantly improves, show nitrate content lower (lower by 34% than using separately chemical fertilizer), vitamins C (Vc) content higher (higher by 51% than using separately chemical fertilizer); The more important thing is that the soil organism improves (using after 1 year).If should devote exclusive attention to output, take into account again quality, can adopt the pattern (higher by 14% than using separately chemical fertilizer) of ' biogas residue organic fertilizer+chemical fertilizer '.The effect of biological carbon improvement soil clearly on long terms.
The above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without also giving all embodiments.All any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. the biogas residue organic fertilizer preparation method that the biological carbon of take is carrier, is characterized in that: the stalk by the natural pond slag fusion chopping after solid-liquid separation, and after stirring, add plant ash or unslaked lime and carry out Secondary Fermentation, obtain natural pond slag tunning; By natural pond slag tunning and biological carbon blending, add tackiness agent; Through granulation, dry, after obtain natural pond slag-biological carbon fertilizer.
2. the biogas residue organic fertilizer preparation method that the biological carbon of take is as claimed in claim 1 carrier, is characterized in that: described moisture content of straws is lower than 10%; Straw chopping degree is 3 ~ 6mm; Natural pond slag: stalk weight ratio is: 3:1 ~ 4:1; Mixture water content after stirring is controlled at 55% ~ 65%, and adding plant ash or unslaked lime to regulate pH value is 7 ~ 7.3; Described Secondary Fermentation concrete steps are: within every 24 hours, ventilate 2 ~ 3 times, twice ventilation cell was every 8 ~ 12 hours, and each ventilation time is 2 ~ 3 minutes, turning in every 6 ~ 8 days once, through more than 40 days, natural pond slag tunning outward appearance is dark brown, after natural pond slag tunning becomes thoroughly decomposed, completes Secondary Fermentation process.
3. the biogas residue organic fertilizer preparation method that the biological carbon of take is as claimed in claim 1 carrier, is characterized in that: described biological carbon is the biological carbon that Herba Eichhorniae biological carbon or stalk are made, and particle diameter is 5 ~ 10mm; The add-on of biological carbon accounts for 10% ~ 15% of natural pond slag tunning, biological carbon and tackiness agent gross weight.
4. the biogas residue organic fertilizer preparation method that the biological carbon of take is as claimed in claim 1 carrier, is characterized in that: described tackiness agent is attapulgite clay powder, and its add-on accounts for 1% ~ 2% of natural pond slag tunning, biological carbon and tackiness agent gross weight.
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Cited By (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104292051A (en) * 2014-10-15 2015-01-21 合肥江氏农业科技有限公司 Coated fertilizer for high-efficiency high-quality yield increase of blueberry and preparation method thereof
CN104311321A (en) * 2014-10-17 2015-01-28 贵阳学院 Nuisanceless insecticidal organic fertilizer
CN104355919A (en) * 2014-10-17 2015-02-18 贵阳学院 Botanical insecticidal bio-fertilizer
CN104591905A (en) * 2015-02-04 2015-05-06 河南省高新技术实业总公司 Biological organic fertilizer
CN105621800A (en) * 2016-01-14 2016-06-01 邹伟龙 Process for comprehensively recycling sewage
CN106134563A (en) * 2016-07-13 2016-11-23 南京林业大学 A kind of modification method of artificial forest soil quality
CN106542938A (en) * 2017-01-20 2017-03-29 农业部规划设计研究院 A kind of charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN107032855A (en) * 2017-05-31 2017-08-11 安徽永志环能科技有限公司 The method that organic fertilizer is prepared using livestock manure fermented biogas residue
CN113795567A (en) * 2019-05-03 2021-12-14 株式会社元进 Mixed biochar and production method thereof

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CN103303918A (en) * 2013-06-28 2013-09-18 广西大学 Method for preparing activated carbon by using water hyacinth
CN103396171A (en) * 2013-07-18 2013-11-20 上海交通大学 Environmentally friendly biochar-based fertilizer and application method thereof
CN103539565A (en) * 2013-10-30 2014-01-29 安徽万利生态园林景观有限公司 Special biogas residue fertilizer for cherry trees and preparation method thereof

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104292051A (en) * 2014-10-15 2015-01-21 合肥江氏农业科技有限公司 Coated fertilizer for high-efficiency high-quality yield increase of blueberry and preparation method thereof
CN104311321A (en) * 2014-10-17 2015-01-28 贵阳学院 Nuisanceless insecticidal organic fertilizer
CN104355919A (en) * 2014-10-17 2015-02-18 贵阳学院 Botanical insecticidal bio-fertilizer
CN104591905A (en) * 2015-02-04 2015-05-06 河南省高新技术实业总公司 Biological organic fertilizer
CN105621800A (en) * 2016-01-14 2016-06-01 邹伟龙 Process for comprehensively recycling sewage
CN106134563A (en) * 2016-07-13 2016-11-23 南京林业大学 A kind of modification method of artificial forest soil quality
CN106542938A (en) * 2017-01-20 2017-03-29 农业部规划设计研究院 A kind of charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN107032855A (en) * 2017-05-31 2017-08-11 安徽永志环能科技有限公司 The method that organic fertilizer is prepared using livestock manure fermented biogas residue
CN113795567A (en) * 2019-05-03 2021-12-14 株式会社元进 Mixed biochar and production method thereof

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