CN106542938A - A kind of charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106542938A
CN106542938A CN201710041378.XA CN201710041378A CN106542938A CN 106542938 A CN106542938 A CN 106542938A CN 201710041378 A CN201710041378 A CN 201710041378A CN 106542938 A CN106542938 A CN 106542938A
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China
Prior art keywords
biogas residue
charcoal
straw
fertilizer
preparation
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CN201710041378.XA
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Inventor
沈玉君
赵立欣
孟海波
张海滨
周海宾
程红胜
丁京涛
侯月卿
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Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering CAAE
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Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering CAAE
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00Other inorganic fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof, belongs to reclaiming organic waste and utilizes field.Methods described includes:Biogas residue is blended into pig manure, straw, mixture is uniformly mixing to obtain;Add charcoal in the mixture, carry out aerobic fermentation, obtain biogas residue tunning;By the biogas residue tunning granulation drying, obtain final product.The material rate:Biogas residue 50%~60%, straw 20%~25%, feces of livestock and poultry 15%~20%, charcoal 2%~7%.The present invention not only can reach the purpose that reclaiming organic waste is utilized, moreover it is possible to realize the function that fertilizer fertilizer efficiency is lifted, heavy metal activity is reduced in fertilizer, so as to produce high-quality, efficiently, environment-friendlycharcoal charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer product.

Description

A kind of charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture organic fertilizer technical field, and in particular to a kind of charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer and its preparation side Method.
Background technology
Since reform and opening-up, agricultural products in China increase of production amplitude is very big, and the contribution of chemical fertilizer is performed meritorious deeds never to be obliterated.However as when Between accumulate, the side effect of chemical fertilizer increasingly highlights:Chemical fertilizer causes soil compaction, affects the breathability of soil, chronic administration reduce Soil productivity;Impact of the residue of chemical fertilizer to environment is inestimable, for example nitrogenous fertilizer can in the form of nitrate long-term pollution Subsoil water, unnecessary nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer potash fertilizer cause body eutrophication into water body with rainfall runoff.In addition with life water Flat raising, broad masses like Organic food, the crop of chemical fertilizer plantation, its quality to greatly differ from each other with Organic food:Nitrate Content is high, and vitamin equal size is low, poor taste, and it is unfavorable to health to be eaten for a long time.Therefore need development fertilizer badly.
The Chinese government widelys popularize biogas in decades, and rural biogas project popularity rate is higher, generate substantial amounts of biogas slurry, Biogas residue, if these biogas slurries, biogas residue reasonably cannot be utilized and process, can not only affect the normal operation of biogas engineering, and And new environmental pollution can be caused.And the good method that fertilizer is solution biogas residue outlet is made with biogas residue.Biogas residue nutritional labeling is neat Entirely:Containing 30%~50% or so organic matter, 10%~20% or so detritus acid, 1%~2% or so full nitrogen, 0.8% The full phosphorus of left and right, 1.2% or so full potassium;And also containing trace element such as boron, copper, zinc, be the excellent original for producing fertilizer Material.
Charcoal is the product that biomass occur that incomplete thermal degradation is obtained under certain condition.Charcoal is for ground ball Border has various benefits:Carbon in biomass is locked in charcoal, so as to reduce the row of carbon dioxide isothermal chamber gas High-volume, contribute to mitigating global warming;Charcoal can be applicable to the fields such as sewage disposal, exhaust-gas treatment;Charcoal can be with As soil conditioner, because its pore structure is easy to assemble nutrient substance and beneficial microbe, soil water moisture self restraint can be improved And the ability of preservation nutrient, being finally reached increases the effect of crop yield and improved soil.Oneself there are some researches prove, South America Asia horse Linesless charcoal in inferior basin black earth earth can make maintenance of soil fertility one as long as century.Current plant roots and stems, wood flour and straw etc. Be processed into charcoal research oneself have been reported that.
The country has utilized the patent application that biogas residue is that raw material manufactures fertilizer, for example:Application No. CN101423425 (the clean property biological organic fertilizer of biogas residue comprehensive utilization production and its method), application number CN101774848A (biogas residue organic fertilizer and its system Preparation Method), and application number CN101229982A (a kind of method that utilization biogas residue produces mixed organic manure), but it is not directed to profit With the content of the biogas residue organic fertilizer that charcoal is fermentation raw material.
Chinese patent document CN101774848A is difficult to dehydrating and curing for biogas residue and mechanical dehydration dries asking for high energy consumption Topic, it is proposed that the technique air-dried using shallow pond spontaneous curing, biogas residue Jing aerobic fermentations, air-dried, solidification in shallow pond, reaches granulation Physical property is required;But carried shallow pond spontaneous curing air-dries technique needs the hardening time of 5-6 month, and this aerobic fermentation side Formula is inefficient, it is possible to cause fermentation incomplete.In order to improve yield, many biogas residue system fertilizer techniques all take addition chemical fertilizer Way, such as Chinese patent document CN101229982A (a kind of method that utilization biogas residue produces mixed organic manure) and CN101774848A (biogas residue organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof);Although so high yield can be obtained in a short time, on long terms Still there is negative effect to soil.Also, for the pollution-free food of production high-quality, with the addition of the biogas residue fertilizer of chemical fertilizer still It is so unaccommodated.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of preparation method of charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer, charcoal base biogas residue provided by the present invention Fertilizer can significantly improve fertilizer efficiency.
The preparation method of charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer provided by the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) biogas residue is blended into pig manure, straw, is uniformly mixing to obtain mixture;
2) add charcoal in the mixture, carry out aerobic fermentation, obtain biogas residue tunning;
3) by the biogas residue tunning granulation drying, obtain charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer.
Said method step 1) in, in 55-70%, the moisture content of pig manure is in 60%-70%, straw for the moisture content of the biogas residue The moisture content of stalk is in 10%-20%;Concretely biogas residue moisture content 62%, pig manure moisture content 70%, moisture content of straws 12%;
Straw is added in the form of shredding, and the chopping degree of the straw is 1~3cm;
Biogas residue is followed successively by with the weight ratio of pig manure and straw:5:2-3:3-3.5;Concretely 5:2:3;
The moisture control of the mixture in 65%-75%, concretely 70%.
Said method step 2) in, described raw material charcoal can be that biomass high-temperature thermal cracking is consolidated under anoxia condition One or more of body product, for example, straw charcoal, peanut shell charcoal, biological particles charcoal, fruit tree charcoal, its particle diameter are 5~l0mm.
The addition of charcoal is 2%-7% of the mixture butt or so, concretely 2%.
The operation of the aerobic fermentation is:Every half an hour blast aeration once, ventilation time is 5-7min, and ventilation is 0.3-0.4(L·kg-1·min-1), per turning in 5-7 days once, after 30 days, aerobic fermentation can be completed, obtain biogas residue fermentation and produce Thing;
The biogas residue tunning outward appearance is in dark brown, short texture.
Said method step 3) in, the operation of the pelletize is:By the biogas residue tunning natural air drying to moisture content Less than 35%, powdering is crushed, extruding granulation obtains cylindrical particle, then is spherical particle by the particle shaping;
The moisture of the charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer after the drying is less than 18%.
Protection scope of the present invention is fallen within by the charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer that said method is prepared.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. add charcoal to be conducive to adjusting heap body opening gap structure in aerobic compost, increase the compost content of organic matter, promote Compost maturity;By the use of charcoal as fertilizer synergistic carrier (effective carrier of organic fertilizer nutrient slow/controlled release), based on biogas residue Want raw material to prepare fertilizer, the yield and quality of crops, the negative effect of improved soil reduction to environment can be improved.
2. the present invention, without chemical fertilizer, is a kind of pure fertilizer.The present invention can improve the yield and matter of crops Amount, reduces negative effect of the fertilizer to environment, and the sustainable utilization in the improvement for soil and soil has buddhist benefit very much.
3. the present invention has implemented the thought of twice laid and recycling economy:Fermentation is carried out for adjuvant using pig manure, straw can To consume substantial amounts of agricultural wastes.
4. in addition in view of charcoal has carbon sequestration effect, greenhouse gas emission can be reduced, the exploitation of this product are helped In slowing down greenhouse effect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Technology Roadmap of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the aerobic fermentation tank figure that the present invention carries out aerobic fermentation.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention will be described, but the invention is not limited in this.
Experimental technique used in following embodiments if no special instructions, is conventional method;
In following embodiments, reagent used, biomaterial etc., if no special instructions, commercially obtain.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, biogas engineering biogas residue moisture is 87%, solid-liquid separating machine, Jing are pumped into by shurry pump The biogas residue moisture of solid-liquid separation is 62%;By the corn straw for drying (moisture content 10% or so) shred, chopping degree be 1~ 3cm;Fresh pig manure is taken, biogas residue, pig manure and straw are pressed 5 by moisture content 70% or so:2:3 ratio (fresh weight) stirs, plus Enter charcoal (butt 5%), mixture composting is placed in into aerobic fermentation tank (such as Fig. 2), supplied with small blast fan, it is little every half When blast aeration once, ventilation time is 5min, and ventilation is 0.4 (Lkg-1·min-1), per turning in 7 days once, through 30 Its aerobic fermentation, biogas residue tunning outward appearance are in dark brown, short texture.
The outer natural air drying of dislocation tank is less than 35% to moisture content, after be ground into loose powdery with chain type pulverizer.To crush The good material special granulator granulation of charcoal base manure (CN105384559A).By the cylindrical particle input disk shaping of extrusion molding In machine, it is spherical particle by particle shaping.Spherical particle is put in dehydrator, is dried to moisture less than 18%, then Jing coolings Machine is cooled to less than 35 DEG C, packaging and storage after the granule after above-mentioned cooling is sieved.
Biogas residue organic fertilizer obtained above is used to plant Brassica campestris L, 3 kinds has been done and has been processed and contrast.The first process: Chemical fertilizer (carbamide+calcium superphosphate+potassium sulfate), amount of application 60kg/ mus are applied only;Second process:Only using the charcoal that this law is made Base biogas residue organic fertilizer, amount of application 150kg/ mus;The third process:Apply chemical fertilizer (carbamide+calcium superphosphate+potassium sulfate)+charcoal base natural pond Residue organic fertilizer, amount of application be chemical fertilizer 30kg/ mus, fertilizer 75kg/ mus.As a result see the table below, from following table, apply charcoal base biogas residue Although fertilizer yield is less than chemical fertilizer, soil organic matter content is improved;Using the pattern of charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer+chemical fertilizer than single Chemical fertilizer volume increase 9.7% is applied solely.On long terms, charcoal has strengthens fertilizer efficiency, slows down the effect of nutrient substance loss.
Sequence number Combination Yield (Kg/ mus)
1 Chemical fertilizer 185
2 Charcoal base fertilizer 146
3 Chemical fertilizer+charcoal base fertilizer 203

Claims (6)

1. a kind of preparation method of charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer, comprises the steps:
1) biogas residue is blended into pig manure, straw, is uniformly mixing to obtain mixture;
2) add charcoal in the mixture, carry out aerobic fermentation, obtain biogas residue tunning;
3) by the biogas residue tunning granulation drying, obtain charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step 1) in, the moisture content of pig manure is in 60%- 70%, the moisture content of straw is in 10%-20%;Straw is added in the form of shredding, and the chopping degree of the straw is 1~3cm; Biogas residue is followed successively by with the weight ratio of pig manure and straw:5:2-3:3-3.5;The moisture of the mixture is controlled 65%.
3. preparation method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that:Step 2) in, the charcoal be straw charcoal, One or more in peanut shell charcoal, biological particles charcoal and fruit tree charcoal, its particle diameter are 5~10mm;
The addition of the charcoal is the 2%-7% of the mixture butt.
4. the preparation method according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that:The operation of the aerobic fermentation is: Every half an hour blast aeration once, ventilation time is 5-7min, and ventilation is 0.3-0.4Lkg-1·min-1, per 5-7 days Turning once, can complete aerobic fermentation after 30 days, obtain biogas residue tunning.
5. the preparation method according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that:Step 3) in, the behaviour of the pelletize As:The biogas residue tunning natural air drying to moisture content is less than into 35%, powdering is crushed, extruding granulation obtains column Granule, then be spherical particle by the particle shaping;
The moisture of the charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer after the drying is less than 18%.
6. the charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer that method any one of claim 1-5 is prepared.
CN201710041378.XA 2017-01-20 2017-01-20 A kind of charcoal base biogas residue organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Pending CN106542938A (en)

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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106927977A (en) * 2017-04-10 2017-07-07 农业部规划设计研究院 A kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN107162736A (en) * 2017-05-31 2017-09-15 安徽永志环能科技有限公司 The method that organic fertilizer is prepared by sludge fermentation biogas residue
CN107473895A (en) * 2017-09-15 2017-12-15 佛山科学技术学院 The animal waste processing method that a kind of fermentation time is short, cost is low
CN107805088A (en) * 2017-11-29 2018-03-16 江苏苏港和顺生物科技有限公司 The method of biological organic fertilizer and biological organic fertilizer prepared therefrom are prepared using biogas residue
CN108002954A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-05-08 农业部规划设计研究院 A kind of agricultural wastes anaerobic-aerobic balances fermentation process
CN108383579A (en) * 2018-03-28 2018-08-10 农业部规划设计研究院 A kind of biogas residue quick aerobic fermentation method
CN108456068A (en) * 2018-04-03 2018-08-28 农业部规划设计研究院 A kind of auxiliary material addition quickly removes the compost method of tetracycline antibiotics in biogas residue
CN109608282A (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-04-12 南昌工程学院 A kind of biomass carbon base organic fertilizer compost and its preparation method and application
CN109836211A (en) * 2019-03-11 2019-06-04 农业农村部规划设计研究院 A kind of organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN109937841A (en) * 2019-04-22 2019-06-28 刘坚 A kind of efficient soil of biological source and preparation method thereof
CN110156528A (en) * 2018-03-21 2019-08-23 张路 It is a kind of that the carbon-based fertilizer of biological organic and its method being made using agriculture wastes
CN111517870A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-08-11 东北农业大学 Preparation method of organic fertilizer
CN111704507A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-09-25 东北农业大学 Preparation method of biochar-based organic fertilizer
CN113277915A (en) * 2021-06-15 2021-08-20 上海交通大学 Preparation method of binder-free composite carbon-based fertilizer prepared from biogas residues
CN114908125A (en) * 2022-06-13 2022-08-16 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Method for comprehensively utilizing rural wastes

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CN104086238A (en) * 2014-06-10 2014-10-08 华南理工大学 Preparation method of biogas residue organic fertilizer employing biochar as carrier
CN105037027A (en) * 2014-10-24 2015-11-11 农业部规划设计研究院 Environment-friendly bio-based organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN105439659A (en) * 2015-12-29 2016-03-30 农业部规划设计研究院 Application of charcoal in reducing discharge of TVOCs (Total Volatile Organic Compounds) in livestock manure and straw compost
CN106242725A (en) * 2016-07-22 2016-12-21 北京西拓联合生态科技有限公司 One makees organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104086238A (en) * 2014-06-10 2014-10-08 华南理工大学 Preparation method of biogas residue organic fertilizer employing biochar as carrier
CN105037027A (en) * 2014-10-24 2015-11-11 农业部规划设计研究院 Environment-friendly bio-based organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN105439659A (en) * 2015-12-29 2016-03-30 农业部规划设计研究院 Application of charcoal in reducing discharge of TVOCs (Total Volatile Organic Compounds) in livestock manure and straw compost
CN106242725A (en) * 2016-07-22 2016-12-21 北京西拓联合生态科技有限公司 One makees organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106927977A (en) * 2017-04-10 2017-07-07 农业部规划设计研究院 A kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN107162736A (en) * 2017-05-31 2017-09-15 安徽永志环能科技有限公司 The method that organic fertilizer is prepared by sludge fermentation biogas residue
CN107473895A (en) * 2017-09-15 2017-12-15 佛山科学技术学院 The animal waste processing method that a kind of fermentation time is short, cost is low
CN107805088A (en) * 2017-11-29 2018-03-16 江苏苏港和顺生物科技有限公司 The method of biological organic fertilizer and biological organic fertilizer prepared therefrom are prepared using biogas residue
CN108002954A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-05-08 农业部规划设计研究院 A kind of agricultural wastes anaerobic-aerobic balances fermentation process
CN108002954B (en) * 2017-12-12 2021-08-10 农业部规划设计研究院 Anaerobic-aerobic balanced fermentation method for agricultural wastes
CN110156528A (en) * 2018-03-21 2019-08-23 张路 It is a kind of that the carbon-based fertilizer of biological organic and its method being made using agriculture wastes
CN108383579A (en) * 2018-03-28 2018-08-10 农业部规划设计研究院 A kind of biogas residue quick aerobic fermentation method
CN108456068A (en) * 2018-04-03 2018-08-28 农业部规划设计研究院 A kind of auxiliary material addition quickly removes the compost method of tetracycline antibiotics in biogas residue
CN109608282A (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-04-12 南昌工程学院 A kind of biomass carbon base organic fertilizer compost and its preparation method and application
CN109836211A (en) * 2019-03-11 2019-06-04 农业农村部规划设计研究院 A kind of organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN109937841A (en) * 2019-04-22 2019-06-28 刘坚 A kind of efficient soil of biological source and preparation method thereof
CN111517870A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-08-11 东北农业大学 Preparation method of organic fertilizer
CN111704507A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-09-25 东北农业大学 Preparation method of biochar-based organic fertilizer
CN113277915A (en) * 2021-06-15 2021-08-20 上海交通大学 Preparation method of binder-free composite carbon-based fertilizer prepared from biogas residues
CN114908125A (en) * 2022-06-13 2022-08-16 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Method for comprehensively utilizing rural wastes

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