CN104072250B - A kind of method fully utilizing the dregs of fat and prepare fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of method fully utilizing the dregs of fat and prepare fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method fully utilizing dregs of fat production fertilizer.The method comprises: first utilize the grease in the lipase preparation decomposition dregs of fat; Recycling neutral protein zymin decomposing protein, produces amino acid and active substance of plant; Then by enzymolysis product be separated, enzymolysis liquid as foliage fertilizer, enzymolysis solid as the raw material of fertilizer, then add other organic materials carry out normal fermentation produce fertilizer.The present invention obtains foliage fertilizer and solid organic fertilizer two kinds of products simultaneously, and prepared fertilizer, through field experiment, achieves good effect of increasing production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to method for preparing fertilizer, particularly a kind of method fully utilizing dregs of fat production fertilizer, belongs to technical field of fertilizer production.
Background technology
The dregs of fat are the residuums when squeezing process produces vegetables oil in cold filtering technology process, also referred to as filter cake.Compared with most of organism of existing production fertilizer, containing more protein in the dregs of fat, by the process of existing common fermentation method, make protein be discharged inorganic nitrogen by thoroughly decomposing and absorb for crop, this wastes the one of high-quality nitrogenous source in the dregs of fat.The current dregs of fat are the direct raw material as organic fertilizer generally, fertilizer or organic-inorganic composite fertilizer is produced, if CN103497035A, CN102942423A, CN102992867A, CN102826930A, CN102731207A etc. are this series products and method with other organism mixing secondary fermentation.Patent document CN101863686A, CN101863691A each provide and utilize biodegradation method, the acid hydrolysis method process dregs of fat, and the quality protein breaks down into amino acids contained by the dregs of fat and various bioactivators, improve effect of fertilizer.But also there is some deficiencies in above-mentioned biodegradation method and acid hydrolysis method, one be process the dregs of fat be only work to holding labile protein portion in the dregs of fat, and the decomposability such as more difficult decomposition part and P contained compound is poor, crop not easily absorbs, and being also wastes the one of nutrients resource; Secondly, degraded product or hydrolysate directly mix with other raw materials and are manured into soil as solid organic fertilizer by these two kinds of methods, because soil volume is larger, cause amino acid and the dispersion of multiple bioactive ingredients, contact with crop root and reduce, or because of adsorption by soil, with soil moisture loss etc., effective constituent well can not be utilized; Moreover, the CN101863686A biological method process dregs of fat be with four kinds of microbial bacterias for decomposing organism, require aseptic condition, complex process, and CN101863691A acid hydrolysis method process dregs of fat products therefrom composition is comparatively single, can not meet the requirement of crop multiple nutrients.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of method fully utilizing dregs of fat production fertilizer, obtain foliage fertilizer and solid organic fertilizer two kinds of products simultaneously.
Summary of the invention:
First the present invention utilizes the grease in the lipase preparation decomposition dregs of fat; Recycling protease preparation decomposing protein, produces amino acid and active substance of plant; Then be separated by fermented product, liquid, as the raw material producing foliage fertilizer, can produce various foliage fertilizer by composite different nutritive substance; Solid as the raw material of fertilizer, then add other organic materials carry out normal fermentation produce fertilizer.Fertilizer prepared by the present invention, through field experiment, achieves good effect of increasing production.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Fully utilize the method that the dregs of fat prepare fertilizer, comprise step as follows:
(1) dregs of fat zymolyte is prepared
A, by mass parts, getting the fresh dregs of fat 10 ~ 20 parts adds in container, add water 80 ~ 100 parts, adjust pH to 7.5 ~ 8.2, then add lipase preparation 0.1 ~ 0.2 part, stir 2 ~ 5 minutes, place 40 ~ 50 hours under 35 ~ 45 DEG C of conditions, period stirred once every 2 hours, each 2 ~ 4 minutes, obtained the fatty enzymolysis dregs of fat;
B, the fatty enzymolysis dregs of fat prepared by above-mentioned steps A boil 10 ~ 15 minutes, adjusted to ph to 6.8 ~ 7.2 after cooling, add 0.2 ~ 0.5 part of neutral protein zymin, stir 2 ~ 5 minutes, place 2 ~ 3 hours under 50 ~ 60 DEG C of conditions, period stirred once every half an hour, each 1 ~ 2 minute, obtained dregs of fat zymolyte;
C, filtration dregs of fat zymolyte, obtain enzymolysis liquid and enzymolysis solid two portions; For subsequent use;
(2) by mass parts, get step (1) gained enzymolysis liquid 65 ~ 90 parts, add potassium primary phosphate 10 ~ 20 parts, trace element solution 2 ~ 10 parts, sanitas 0.2 ~ 0.8 part, dissolve, mix, obtain foliage fertilizer;
(3) by mass parts, get step (1) gained enzymolysis solid 30 ~ 50 parts, add animal excrement 10 ~ 30 parts, crop material 30 ~ 50 parts, fermentation of banking up, dry to obtain powdery fertilizer; Or technology granulation routinely, obtains granular organic fertilizer further.
In aforesaid method of the present invention, the described dregs of fat be come unstuck after plant oil pressing factory utilizes squeezing process to extrude raw material filter out edible oil after remaining residue, comprise soya-bean oil slag, the peanut dregs of fat, the Semen Brassicae campestris dregs of fat, the sunflower seeds dregs of fat, the sesame dregs of fat, one of them can be selected, also use capable of being combined;
Described trace element solution is the aqueous solution containing the zinc sulfate of 1-2wt%, the chelated iron of 1-2wt%;
Described sanitas is the salt of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, dehydroacetic acid (DHA), Sorbic Acid and Sorbic Acid, can select one of them, also use capable of being combined; Addition is 0.15 ~ 1% of foliage fertilizer total mass;
Described animal excrement are selected from one of chicken manure, pig manure, cow dung or combination;
Described crop material is the dry plant of the over-ground parts such as corn, peanut, wheat, paddy rice, vegetables, selects one of them or combination;
Described lipase preparation is selected from SUKAZYMSUKALip lipase, enzyme activity 8,000 ~ 16,000U/g, and the present invention is three kinds of specifications, i.e. SUKALipPW10, SUKALipPW12.5 and SUKALipPW15 preferably, can select one of them, also use capable of being combined;
Described neutral protein zymin is selected from SUKAProNE neutral protease, enzyme activity 30,000 ~ 60,000U/g, and the present invention is two kinds of specifications, i.e. NEPW30 and NEPW50 preferably, can select one of them, also use capable of being combined.
Preferred according to the present invention:
In step (1) A: the fresh dregs of fat 15 parts, add water 90 parts, 0.16 part, pH value 8.0, SUKALipPW12.5 lipase, stir 4 minutes, temperature 38 DEG C, place 45 hours;
In step (1) B: the fatty enzymolysis dregs of fat boil 12 minutes, adjusted to ph to 7.0, SUKAProNEPW50 neutral protease 0.3 part, stirs 4 minutes, temperature 55 DEG C, places 2.5 hours;
In step (1) C, filter with mesh size 80 ~ 100 order;
Preferred according to the present invention, in step (2), enzymolysis liquid 80 parts, potassium primary phosphate 16 parts, trace element solution 3.5 parts, sanitas 0.5 part;
Preferred according to the present invention, in step (3), enzymolysis solid 40 parts, animal excrement 30 parts, crop material 30 parts; Wherein, crop material is crushed to length 1-2.5 centimetre; Described fermentation of banking up is by prior art.
Fertilizer application prepared by the present invention, method is as follows:
Powdery of the present invention or granular organic fertilizer are used as base manure, and every mu of use 600 ~ 3000 kilograms, spreads fertilizer over the fields before sowing in ground, turn over and bury; Or impose in seed furrow or field planting ditch, and sowing or field planting in the above after mixing with soil; Meanwhile,
Foliage fertilizer of the present invention sprays in crop growth period, dilutes 10 ~ 20 times and is sprayed on the crop leaf back side, connects spray 2 ~ 3 times, 5 ~ 15 days, interval.
Excellent results of the present invention:
1. make full use of the quality protein in the dregs of fat
The dregs of fat mainly come from seeds of leguminous plant, not only more general organic matter protein matter content is high for they, and the quality of protein is also better, the amino acid classes produced after decomposing, quantity and the active substance required for plant are abundanter, and being conducive to increases crop yield and improve quality.But prior art is all manured into soil by the fertilizer that the dregs of fat are produced, and can not give full play to the advantage of the dregs of fat.Soluble fractions after the present invention utilizes enzyme to decompose is applied as foliage fertilizer, improves the direct contact of nutrient and crop, absorbs nutrient more easily, efficiently.
2. improve the efficiency of various nutrient in the dregs of fat
Although have in prior art to be utilized in the dregs of fat by biological degradation or acidolysis and hold labile protein, the decomposabilities such as more difficult decomposition part and P contained compound are poor, and crop not easily absorbs, and being also wastes the one of nutrients resource.First utilize the grease in the lipase decomposition dregs of fat for the present invention of this problem, recycling proteases for decomposing protein produces amino acid and active substance of plant.Then be separated by resolvent, liquid is for the production of foliage fertilizer, and solid as the raw material of fertilizer, then adds other organic materials and carries out normal fermentation and produce fertilizer, and make decompose of nutrient wherein more abundant, utilizing status is better.
3. effect of increasing production is good
Fertilizer prepared by the present invention comprises foliage fertilizer and solid organic fertilizer, two kinds of fertilizer compounding applications, through field experiment, achieves good effect of increasing production.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described, but be not limited thereto.Raw material dosage number in embodiment is mass parts.Per-cent (%) in embodiment is mass percent.The raw material executed in example is described as follows:
The dregs of fat are that the wide life limited-liability company in Shandong produces; Lipase preparation SUKAZYMSUKALip lipase, model is that (enzyme activity is respectively 10 for SUKALipPW10, SUKALipPW12.5 and SUKALipPW15,000U/g, 12,500U/g, 15,000U/g), neutral protein zymin is SUKAProNE, model NEPW50 and NEPW30 (enzyme activity difference 50,000U/g and 30,000U/g), Su Kehan (Weifang) biotechnology company limited produces; Chelated iron is amino acid iron, and Chengdu chelating biotech company produces.
Trace element solution described in embodiment is the aqueous solution containing the zinc sulfate of 2wt%, the chelated iron of 2wt%.
Embodiment 1:
(1) dregs of fat zymolyte is prepared:
A, get the fresh soya-bean oil dregs of fat 15 kilograms and add in container, add water 90 kilograms, adjust pH to 8.0, add lipase preparation (SUKALipPW12.5) 0.16 kilogram, stir 4 minutes, place 45 hours under 38 DEG C of conditions, period stirred once every 2 hours, each 3 minutes, obtain the fatty enzymolysis dregs of fat;
B, the fatty enzymolysis dregs of fat prepared by above-mentioned steps A boil 12 minutes, adjusted to ph to 7.0 after cooling, add 0.3 kilogram of neutral protein zymin (NEPW50), stir 4 minutes, place 2.5 hours under 55 DEG C of conditions, period stirred once every half an hour, each 1.5 minutes, obtained dregs of fat zymolyte;
C, filtration dregs of fat zymolyte, obtain enzymolysis liquid and enzymolysis solid two portions; For following steps:
(2) get step (1) gained enzymolysis liquid 80 kilograms, add potassium primary phosphate 16 kilograms, trace element solution 3.5 kilograms, sanitas ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate 0.5 kilogram, dissolves and mixes, obtaining foliage fertilizer;
(3) get step (1) gained enzymolysis solid 40 kilograms, add chicken manure 30 kilograms and be crushed to the maize straw 30 kilograms of 2cm, technology is banked up fermentation routinely, and oven dry, obtains powdery fertilizer.
Embodiment 2:
(1) dregs of fat zymolyte is prepared:
A, get the green oil vegetable seed dregs of fat 20 kilograms and add in container, add water 80 kilograms, adjust pH to 8.2, add lipase preparation (SUKALipPW10) 0.20 kilogram, stir 5 minutes, place 50 hours under 40 DEG C of conditions, period stirred once every 2 hours, each 3 minutes, obtain the fatty enzymolysis dregs of fat;
B, fatty enzymolysis dregs of fat steps A prepared boil 15 minutes, adjusted to ph to 7.2 after cooling, add 0.4 kilogram of neutral protein zymin (NEPW30 and NEPW50 is with the composition of 1: 1 mass ratio), stir 5 minutes, place 3 hours under 60 DEG C of conditions, period stirred once every half an hour, each 1.5 minutes, obtained dregs of fat zymolyte;
C, filtration, obtain liquid and solid two portions;
(2) get step (1) gained enzymolysis liquid 70 kilograms, add potassium primary phosphate 20 kilograms, trace element solution 9.7 kilograms, sanitas dehydroacetic acid (DHA) 0.3 kilogram, dissolves and mixes, obtaining foliage fertilizer;
(3) get step (1) gained enzymolysis solid 30 kilograms, add pig manure 20 kilograms, be crushed to the seedling of Fructus Cucumidis sativi 50 kilograms of 1.5cm, technology is banked up fermentation routinely, dries, obtains powdery fertilizer.
Embodiment 3:
(1) dregs of fat zymolyte is prepared:
A, the composition 10 kilograms getting fresh flowers oil generation slag and the Semen Flos Carthami dregs of fat 1: 1 mass ratio add in container, add water 100 kilograms, adjust pH to 7.5, add lipase preparation (SUKALipPW15) 0.10 kilogram, stir 3 minutes, place 40 hours under 350C condition, period stirred once every 2 hours, each 3 minutes, obtain the fatty enzymolysis dregs of fat;
B, fatty enzymolysis dregs of fat steps A prepared boil 10 minutes, adjusted to ph to 6.8 after cooling, add 0.2 kilogram of neutral protein zymin (NEPW50), stir 2 minutes, place 2.0 hours under 500C condition, period stirred once every half an hour, each 1.5 minutes, obtained dregs of fat zymolyte;
C, filtration, obtain liquid and solid two portions;
(2) step (1) gained enzymolysis liquid 85 kilograms is got, potassium primary phosphate 10 kilograms, trace element solution 4.6 kilograms, the composition of sanitas ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate and dehydroacetic acid (DHA) 2: 1 mass ratio 0.4 kilogram, dissolve and mix, obtaining foliage fertilizer;
(3) get step (1) gained enzymolysis solid 30 kilograms, add the composition 30 kilograms of chicken manure and pig manure 1: 1 mass ratio, be crushed to the peanut straw 40 kilograms of 2.5cm, technology is banked up fermentation routinely, and granulation, obtains granular organic fertilizer.
Embodiment 4:
(1) dregs of fat zymolyte is prepared:
A, the composition 18 kilograms getting the fresh soya-bean oil dregs of fat and the sesame dregs of fat 1: 1 mass ratio add in container, add water 95 kilograms, adjust pH to 7.8, add lipase preparation (SUKALipPW10 and SUKALipPW15 is with the composition of 1: 1 mass ratio) 0.13 kilogram, stir 2 minutes, place 48 hours under 450C condition, period stirred once every 2 hours, each 3 minutes, obtain the fatty enzymolysis dregs of fat;
B, fatty enzymolysis dregs of fat steps A prepared boil 14 minutes, adjusted to ph to 7.1 after cooling, add 0.5 kilogram of neutral protein zymin (NEPW30), stir 3 minutes, place 2.8 hours under 530C condition, period stirred once every half an hour, each 1.5 minutes, obtained dregs of fat zymolyte;
C, filtration, obtain liquid and solid two portions;
(2) step (1) gained enzymolysis liquid 75 kilograms is got, add potassium primary phosphate 15 kilograms, trace element solution 3.5 kilograms, the composition of sanitas Sorbic Acid and potassium sorbate 1: 1 mass ratio 0.5 kilogram, dissolve and mix, obtaining foliage fertilizer;
(3) step (1) gained enzymolysis solid 40 kilograms is got, add the composition 30 kilograms of chicken manure and cow dung 1: 1 mass ratio, the composition of peanut straw and maize straw 1: 1 mass ratio 30 kilograms, technology is banked up fermentation routinely, granulation, obtains granular organic fertilizer.
Comparative example:
Comparative example 1: by the biodegradable oil residue fertilizer fertilizer of CN101863686A (201010194388) embodiment 3 preparation, Shandong Guangda Fertilizer Technology Co., Ltd. produces.
Comparative example 2: the fertilizer containing the dregs of fat of fermentation process production routinely, Shandong Guangda Fertilizer Technology Co., Ltd. produces.
The effect of above embodiment 1 ~ 4 and comparative example is as follows:
1, for studying thing potato, experimental cultivar Shandong draws No. one.Test site: Feicheng county of Shandong Province.Test period: year June in February, 2013 to 2013.
Every mu of application of organic fertilizers 800 kilograms, applies in kind of plant hole before potato sowing.Foliage fertilizer enters expanding stage at potato and sprays, 6 days, interval, connects spray 3 times.Comparative example foliage fertilizer is and the potassium primary phosphate of embodiment same concentrations and trace element water-soluble liquid.Other control measures are identical.Effect is in table 1.
The potato effect of table 1. embodiment 1 ~ 4 compared with comparative example
| The inventive method | Than the stimulation ratio % of comparative example 1 | Than the stimulation ratio % of comparative example 2 |
| Embodiment 1 | 7.2 | 5.4 |
| Embodiment 2 | 6.5 | 5.8 |
| Embodiment 3 | 6.7 | 4.6 |
| Embodiment 4 | 4.3 | 5.1 |
2, for studying thing plastic tent cucumber, excellent No. 3 of experimental cultivar Tianjin.Test site: Shouguang City of Shandong Province.Test period: year May in November, 2012 to 2013.
Every mu of application of organic fertilizers 2000 kilograms, applies in kind of plant hole before cucumber field planting.Foliage fertilizer sprays after cucumber is gathered for the 1st time, 14 days, interval, connects spray 3 times.Comparative example foliage fertilizer is and the potassium primary phosphate of embodiment same concentrations and trace element water-soluble liquid.Other control measures are identical.Effect is in table 2.
The cucumber effect of table 2. embodiment 1 ~ 4 compared with comparative example
| The inventive method | Than the stimulation ratio % of comparative example 1 | Than the stimulation ratio % of comparative example 2 |
| Embodiment 1 | 6.0 | 8.1 |
| Embodiment 2 | 6.2 | 6.3 |
| Embodiment 3 | 5.3 | 4.5 |
| Embodiment 4 | 5.8 | 5.8 |
Claims (9)
1. fully utilize the method that the dregs of fat prepare foliage fertilizer and solid organic fertilizer, comprise step as follows:
(1) dregs of fat zymolyte is prepared
A, by mass parts, getting the fresh dregs of fat 10 ~ 20 parts adds in container, add water 80 ~ 100 parts, adjust pH to 7.5 ~ 8.2, then add lipase preparation 0.1 ~ 0.2 part, stir 2 ~ 5 minutes, place 40 ~ 50 hours under 35 ~ 45 DEG C of conditions, period stirred once every 2 hours, each 2 ~ 4 minutes, obtained the fatty enzymolysis dregs of fat;
Described lipase preparation is selected from SUKAZYMSUKALip lipase;
B, the fatty enzymolysis dregs of fat prepared by above-mentioned steps A boil 10 ~ 15 minutes, adjusted to ph to 6.8 ~ 7.2 after cooling, add 0.2 ~ 0.5 part of neutral protein zymin, stir 2 ~ 5 minutes, place 2 ~ 3 hours under 50 ~ 60 DEG C of conditions, period stirred once every half an hour, each 1 ~ 2 minute, obtained dregs of fat zymolyte;
Described neutral protein zymin is selected from SUKAProNE neutral protease;
C, filtration dregs of fat zymolyte, obtain enzymolysis liquid and enzymolysis solid two portions; For subsequent use;
(2) by mass parts, get step (1) gained enzymolysis liquid 65 ~ 90 parts, add potassium primary phosphate 10 ~ 20 parts, trace element solution 2 ~ 10 parts, sanitas 0.2 ~ 0.8 part, mix, obtain foliage fertilizer;
(3) by mass parts, get step (1) gained enzymolysis solid 30 ~ 50 parts, add animal excrement 10 ~ 30 parts, crop material 30 ~ 50 parts, fermentation of banking up, dry to obtain powdery fertilizer; Or technology granulation routinely, obtains granular organic fertilizer further.
2. the comprehensive utilization dregs of fat as claimed in claim 1 prepare the method for foliage fertilizer and solid organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that the described dregs of fat are selected from one of soya-bean oil slag, the peanut dregs of fat, the Semen Brassicae campestris dregs of fat, the sunflower seeds dregs of fat, the sesame dregs of fat or combination.
3. the comprehensive utilization dregs of fat as claimed in claim 1 prepare the method for foliage fertilizer and solid organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that described trace element solution is the aqueous solution containing the zinc sulfate of 1-2wt%, the chelated iron of 1-2wt%.
4. the comprehensive utilization dregs of fat as claimed in claim 1 prepare the method for foliage fertilizer and solid organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that described sanitas is one of salt of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, dehydroacetic acid (DHA), Sorbic Acid or Sorbic Acid or combination.
5. the comprehensive utilization dregs of fat as claimed in claim 1 prepare the method for foliage fertilizer and solid organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that described animal excrement are selected from one of chicken manure, pig manure, cow dung or combination.
6. the comprehensive utilization dregs of fat as claimed in claim 1 prepare the method for foliage fertilizer and solid organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that described crop material is the dry plant of corn, peanut, wheat, paddy rice, vegetable field upper part, select one of them or combination.
7. the comprehensive utilization dregs of fat as claimed in claim 1 prepare the method for foliage fertilizer and solid organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that in step (1) A: the fresh dregs of fat 15 parts, add water 90 parts, pH value 8.0,0.16 part, lipase, stirs 4 minutes, temperature 38 DEG C, places 45 hours; In B: the fatty enzymolysis dregs of fat boil 12 minutes, adjusted to ph to 7.0, neutral protease 0.3 part, stirs 4 minutes, temperature 55 DEG C, places 2.5 hours; In C: filter with mesh size 80 ~ 100 order.
8. the comprehensive utilization dregs of fat as claimed in claim 1 prepare the method for foliage fertilizer and solid organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that in step (2), enzymolysis liquid 80 parts, potassium primary phosphate 16 parts, trace element solution 3.5 parts, sanitas 0.5 part; In step (3), enzymolysis solid 40 parts, animal excrement 30 parts, crop material 30 parts; Wherein, crop material is crushed to length 1-2.5 centimetre.
9. the application of the foliage fertilizer prepared of method according to claim 1 and solid organic fertilizer, method is as follows:
Powdery or the granular organic fertilizer of described step (3) are used as base manure, and every mu of use 600 ~ 3000 kilograms, spreads fertilizer over the fields before sowing in ground, turn over and bury, or impose in seed furrow or field planting ditch, and sowing or field planting in the above after mixing with soil; Meanwhile,
The foliage fertilizer of described step (2) sprays in crop growth period, dilutes 10 ~ 20 times and is sprayed on the crop leaf back side, connects spray 2 ~ 3 times, 5 ~ 15 days, interval.
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| CN104892192A (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-09 | 苏州御亭现代农业产业园发展有限公司 | Organic bio-enzyme compound fertilizer for lemon |
| CN106616406A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-05-10 | 陆超 | Processing method of savoury and crisp lard stearin |
| CN107324897A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-07 | 山东省食品发酵工业研究设计院 | The method that biological compound liquid fertilizer is prepared using sesame residues |
| CN107721729A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-02-23 | 湖南康哲农牧业发展有限公司 | A kind of organic fertilizer manufacture craft |
| CN109485499A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-03-19 | 上海农乐生物制品股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of low lead organic slow-release plant nitrogen fertilizer |
| CN110734332B (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2022-03-18 | 山西潞安石圪节智华生物科技有限公司 | Multifunctional leaf fertilizer for oil peony and preparation method thereof |
| CN113652241A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-16 | 王宇怀 | Soil conditioner |
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