CN104069567A - 药物输送设备 - Google Patents
药物输送设备 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104069567A CN104069567A CN201410136692.2A CN201410136692A CN104069567A CN 104069567 A CN104069567 A CN 104069567A CN 201410136692 A CN201410136692 A CN 201410136692A CN 104069567 A CN104069567 A CN 104069567A
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- treatment
- injection
- drug
- treatment fluid
- therapeutant
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Abstract
本公开内容公开提供了用于对患者注射药物、物质和/或化学制品以及用于一旦在它们被注射后改进它们的效力的系统、设备和方法。附加的治疗可以被施加到患者身上的被注射了药物(例如胰岛素)的组织区域,以便将组织区域暴露于各种形式的能量或物质,以改进药物的药物动力和/或药效分布。
Description
本申请是申请日为2008年03月19日,申请号为200880016588.2,发明名称为“药物输送设备”的申请的分案申请。
相关申请的交叉引用
本发明要求享有以下美国临时专利申请的优先权:2007年3月19日提交的美国临时专利申请序号No.60/895,518、2007年3月19日提交的美国临时专利申请号No.60/895,519、2007年4月19日提交的美国临时专利申请序号No.60/912,698、2007年5月30日提交的美国临时专利申请序号No.60/940,721、2007年12月25日提交的美国临时专利申请序号No.61/016,571、2007年12月18日提交的美国临时专利申请号No.61/008,277以及2008年1月10日提交的美国临时专利申请号No.61/010,758以及2007年6月21日提交的美国专利申请序号No.11/812,230,上述文献的公开内容在此通过引用方式全文并入。
发明领域
本发明涉及用于对患者输送药物的系统和方法。具体地,本发明涉及用于药剂的皮下注射以及使用一种或多种治疗源来改进注射药物的效力的系统和方法。
发明背景
笔式注射器(pen injector)在没有正式医疗训练的人们进行常规注射时是有用的。这在那些患有慢性状况比如糖尿病的人们中变得越来越普 遍,其中自我治疗使得这些人们能够有效地管理它们的状况。很多胰岛素笔式注射器是可重复使用的,并且通常被装有胰岛素药筒,该胰岛素药筒可以被用于多次注射或使用多天。很多其他糖尿病患者使用常规注射器和针用于胰岛素注射。
糖尿病是非常严重的疾病,其在今天影响数以百万计的人们。很多糖尿病患者需要注射胰岛素,来保持其血液中正常量级的葡萄糖,以便生存。此种胰岛素注射需要药物注射系统。
很多医疗治疗系统和方法涉及采用治疗流体、药物、蛋白质以及其它化合物的皮下注射的药物注射系统。此种输送系统和方法,特别是用于输送胰岛素的输送系统和方法,可以使用注射笔或者常规注射器将胰岛素注射到皮下组织。在常规的胰岛素注射笔中,该笔包括一次性的胰岛素储存器以及一次性针,胰岛素通过该一次性针注射进入组织。针为单次使用针,而胰岛素储存器可以被使用两到三天。在常规的胰岛素注射笔中,注射是通过将胰岛素注射笔连接到注射部位的皮肤,并按压按钮使得首先使用弹簧将针插入皮下组织,然后将胰岛素注射到皮下组织而完成的。
在很多情形中,患者需要昼夜不停地进行胰岛素注射,以保持他们血液中葡萄糖的正常量级。两种主要类型的胰岛素可以被注射——作用时间长的胰岛素,其提供了胰岛素基础速率(insulin basal rate)以及胰岛素推注注射(insulin bolus injection),该胰岛素基础速率需要被用于在膳食和过夜之间保持患者的血糖处于想要的范围内,该胰岛素推注注射提供了用于与患者所消耗的碳水化合物的剂量匹配的胰岛素量。
当患者消耗食物时,他的或她的葡萄糖量级上升。不幸的是,很多常规皮下注射设备不能够快速地匹配和/或防止血糖的上升。此种匹配的延迟在“快速起效(rapid-acting)”的胰岛素的情形中也是真实的。此种延迟的一些理由包括:从注射部位的胰岛素吸收的滞后,以及复合胰岛素分子分解成单体所消耗的时间。
此外,因为在进餐之后血糖量级立即升高,所以在匹配胰岛素和升高的量级的过程中的延迟引起餐后高血糖事件(即当血糖的量级高于正常时)发生。偶尔地,在进餐后经过某段时间(例如,2-3小时)后,血糖 量级下降而血液中的胰岛素浓度上升,接下来是全身的胰岛素作用峰值,并且可导致引起低血糖事件(即当血糖的量级低于正常时)发生。高血糖事件和低血糖事件都是极不希望出现的。另外,因为位于胰岛素注射区域的局部血液灌注(local blood perfusion)依据周围温度和其它参数而具有大的可变性,所以它引起胰岛素作用的时间曲线的峰值的延迟的巨大变化。胰岛素峰值作用时期内的那些变化进一步增加了血糖量级的可变性。
因此,期望提供一种系统和一种方法,其对患者的循环系统提供药物的有效和迅速的注射和吸收。具体地,期望提供一种用于将胰岛素注射给患者的系统和方法,其改进血液中的胰岛素的效力以保持血糖处于正常量级,并防止或降低高血糖事件和低血糖事件。
发明概述
本发明涉及用于对患者注射药物、物质和/或化学制品的系统、设备和方法,其进一步提供了用于在注射之后改进药物输送效力的组织治疗元件。在一些实施方式中,本发明涉及用于改进注射笔或注射器形式的药物输送性能的设备。总之,本发明建议的方法和设备可以被用在多种药物注射设备中,比如注射笔、注射器或喷射注射器,或其它注射设备。同样地,虽然本申请主要讨论注射笔,但本领域技术人员应理解,这些设备可以和任何其它注射设备一起使用。在一些实施方式中,本发明提供的设备进一步对被输送药物的组织区域提供了附加治疗。在一些实施方式中,应用治疗以通过改进药物的药物动力和/或药效分布来改进药物输送过程。治疗可以以多种形式进行,例如,包括止痛剂、血管扩张剂或类似物。治疗可以为引起被施加注射的组织的改进的血管扩张的任何形式的治疗,包括但不限于将组织区域暴露于能量、辐射、热量、机械振动、抽吸、按摩、声刺激、电磁辐射、电场、磁场、电刺激、附加物质的注射或者上述项目的任何组合,以改进药物的药物动力和/或药效分布。每种治疗类型可以具有各自的方案,以便引起必要的反应比如血管舒张或类似反应。
在一些实施方式中,本发明提供了连接到治疗元件的免针药物输送笔。该治疗元件改进了使用流体喷射器输送到目标组织的药物的药物动力 学和/或药效性质。用于施加药物比如胰岛素的药物输送注射器,作为喷射喷嘴,其设置成用于发射构造中的流体喷射器中的胰岛素并具有足够的速度以穿透患者的组织到达输送部位。包含药物的隔室与喷嘴关联,以便容纳药物并将胰岛素供给到用于注射的输送喷嘴。发射机构包括与药物隔室关联的能量源,以便以足够的速度推动药物经过喷嘴以穿透到达目标部位。在一些实施方式中,产生流体喷射的能量源可以是螺旋弹簧、气弹簧或任何其它弹簧。药物输送注射器的触发器或剂量释放按钮可以被用户移动并与发射机构关联以便致动能量源,一旦释放按钮被致动,该能量源通过推动药物经过喷嘴产生药物流喷射。
在一些实施方式中,施加的治疗通过药物注射部位的组织的神经刺激引起血管舒张。该神经刺激可以通过热刺激和/或机械刺激和/或化学刺激引起。人类神经对热刺激的响应除了其它效应外还包括若干种机理比如引起血管舒张的疼痛轴突反射(Nociceptive Axon Reflex)。
在一些实施方式中,引起的神经响应,比如疼痛轴突反射,还引起毛细管孔的扩张并增加毛细血管壁的渗透性。此效果对于改进药物穿过毛细血管壁的吸收也是重要的。
在一些实施方式中,施加的治疗可以引起血液或淋巴系统中的药物吸收的可变性的减少并减弱其局部和全身效应。例如,将药物输送区域附近的组织区域在药物注射过程中和/或药物注射之后加热到预先设置的规定的温度以及吸收进入血液,可以引起在该区域的局部血液灌注变得更加可再生,并且使药物吸收过程变得更加均匀以及也可再生。同样,通过减少药物注射进入组织和吸收进入血液系统之间的延迟,由延迟的曲线引起的药物作用的可变性可以被减小。在一些实施方式中,与注射区域相邻的区域的温度可以被控制更长的时间,但是代价可能是能量源体积和重量。因此,为了最小化能量源尺寸,加热周期或加热时间曲线可以关于药物注射及吸收进入血液的周期被优化。在一些实施方式中,所使用的治疗,例如是热量,药物与治疗物质或类型的相互作用将被考虑并且可以被避免。例如,药物的温度敏感性将被计算在内以便避免蛋白质性质改变。胰岛素是温度敏感的蛋白质并且为了避免对胰岛素的损害,治疗方案,如加热可以 被限制以确保输送的药物的功效。例如,治疗方案可以控制治疗输送部位的温度或位置以便不损害药物。
在一些实施方式中,引起血管舒张的神经响应是通过在药物注入区域附近施加机械力而被刺激的,其中该力包括但不限于下列项目中的一个或多个:压力、按摩、振动、抽吸和/或任何其它机械刺激。这些组织治疗或刺激也被称为刺激疼痛轴突反射。机械刺激的优势之一是其不损害药物的事实,然而例如将胰岛素加热到37℃以上可以引起对它的损害。施加的机械力的校准可以通过使用上面讨论的过程中的一个来实现。
在一些实施方式中,附加的流体物质可以与药物组合,或者可选择地,注射、注入或局部地施加(其可以包括通过渗透穿过患者的皮肤的药物经皮输送)到药物注射部位,以便另外的物质引起神经刺激,该神经刺激导致局部血管舒张和/或毛细血管渗透性的增加。这些物质可以包括tolazine、萘呋胺(naftidrofuryl)、舒洛地尔(suloctidil)、硝普盐、辣椒素或任何其它合适的物质。在一些实施方式中,附加物质可以在药物注入组织区域引起血管舒张并改进血液灌注。例如,辣椒素通过VRl受体(receptor)刺激神经响应并产生类似于对热神经刺激的响应。
依据本发明的一些实施方式的治疗元件可以是与药物输送注射笔形成整体的一部分。在一些实施方式中,治疗元件可以是可被更换、替代或附加到现有药物输送注射笔的辅助单元。在药物注射过程中或在药物注射之前或在药物被施加到药物注射部位之后,此设备可以连接到药物输送笔。
依据一些实施方式的治疗元件可以是下面各项中的任何一种或多种(或其组合):加热元件、辐射发射器、声转换器、机械/电-机械振动设备、光发射设备以及电极。
在一些实施方式中,涉及治疗元件的一种或多种性质可以被处理器控制,以便使经历药物输送的组织区域达到想要的响应。这些性质包括幅度、相位、频率、刺激源的组合、不同刺激源之间的相对比率以及计时,或者任何其它性质。在一些实施方式中,治疗类型或源也可以依据被输送的药物的化学和/或物理性质被调整。响应于治疗元件/刺激的组织通过增强从 组织内的注射部位到围绕组织区域的不同隔室并到达血液系统的分子传输的动力,来提升注射的药物的功能。
在一些实施方式中,对组织区域提供组织治疗或刺激的治疗元件或设备可以被设置成监测和控制治疗源的性质。例如,治疗方案的可控制的性质包括幅度、相位、强度、频率或任何其它性质。进一步的控制可以通过主动地监测得到,以使信息被提供到控制器(“控制器”或“处理单元”),该控制器使用该信息以降低药物的药物动力的可变性。在这些实施方式中,该设备可以被设置成监测相邻组织的性质,比如局部血液灌注或皮肤温度。基于这样的监测,信息可以被提供到控制器,该控制器应用该信息来改进药物的药物动力或药效分布以及它的性能,并降低药物注射过程的可变性。
在一些实施方式中,本发明的设备包括传感器或其它触发输入机构,该传感器或其它触发输入机构被设置成防止药物输送笔的调配,除非满足某些判据。这些判据可以包括治疗方案或元件的致动。
在一些实施方式中,组织治疗可以和每次药物输送注射同时施加。在其它实施方式中,组织治疗或刺激选择可以由用户手动地选择。在一些实施方式中,用户可以选择将治疗元件连接到药物输送笔。用户可以机械地启用或禁用治疗元件的自动施加。用户可以在药物注射之前或之后致动治疗设备,以增强对注射药物的组织响应。此种致动可以通过按压位于药物输送笔上的按钮或一系列按钮来完成。
例如,与由药物输送注射笔提供的常规推注注射相比,在胰岛素输送笔的情况下,该笔可以具有用于触发“快速推注”的特殊按钮。快速胰岛素推注模式可以被设置成平行于胰岛素的注射或在对于给定一段时间的胰岛素推注注射的短时间之前或之后开始上面的治疗中的一个。这改进或改变了胰岛素施加的药物动力或药效性质、组织血液灌注和/或患者血液中的吸收,并且在连同高血糖指数食物(glycemic index food)一起施加时是非常有优势的。“快速推注”的施加可有利于高血糖指数食物的消耗,其中进食高血糖指数食物时会发生较大且快速的葡萄糖偏离(larger rapid glucose excursions),但是在大多数情况下也使用用于膳食覆盖的胰岛素 推注。在一些实施方式中,“快速推注”的施加可以被设置成药物输送笔的缺省模式。在一些实施方式中,用户可以在进餐之前施加组织治疗或刺激以进一步增加治疗效果。
在一些实施方式中,治疗效果中的至少一种是减轻由注入的药物引起的局部疼痛或者由注射引起的局部发炎反应。例如,在胰岛素注射的情况下,缩短高浓度胰岛素保留在组织中的时间可以减轻可能由胰岛素引起的疼痛。它也能减轻胰岛素输送的不想要的效应,比如脂肪肥大(lipohypertrophy)。
本发明的一些实施方式还提供了用于改进或改变药物的药物动力或药效分布的方法,以便通过对注入的药物施加调制模式来缩短注射的物质在血液中到达峰值作用的时间。伴随该调制,注射药物流体在药物注射过程中或之后被轻微地移动/拉动进入组织和从组织离开。在这些实施方式中,此种方法可不要求对皮肤施加另外的设备。
在一些实施方式中,在药物输送之前、期间或者之后,药物输送笔可以将一小的一次性设备机械地连接到皮肤。该一次性设备可以使用下列源中的至少一个来施加治疗或一些治疗:热源(比如热电阻)、抽吸端口例如由泵致动的抽吸端口、机械振动源、超声刺激源、超声转换器、光源、按摩元件、电磁辐射源、电场源、磁场源、附加物质和/或这些源中的至少两种的组合,以改进药物的药物动力。在一些实施方式中,小的一次性设备可以在药物注射之前或之后被手动地连接。
在一些实施方式中,用于药物注射的设备包括:一次性注射针,其用于将药物注射进入组织;可重复使用的药物输送笔,其用于将针插入患者皮肤或皮下层以及用于将药物穿过针注射进入皮肤和/或皮下组织层中;治疗设备,其用于对药物注射区域施加特定的治疗或刺激,以便在药物注射时段之前、期间或之后改进药物的药物动力、药效分布和/或增加该区域的血液灌注以改进药物吸收进入血液系统。针可以使用自动针激发活塞或弹簧被自动地注射在目标部位。在一些实施方式中,针可以通过用户独立地插入针的动作被手动地注射在目标部位。
在一些实施方式中,用于注射药物的设备包括:注射导管(catheter), 其用于插入组织;药物注射设备,其用于将药物注入注射导管;治疗设备,其用于对药物注入区域施加特定的治疗或刺激,以便改进、改变和/或稳定药物的药物动力、药效,和/或减少药物吸收进入血液系统的变化。
在一些实施方式中,用于药物注射的设备包括下列中的至少一个:显示器、按钮、用于推注的储存器、处理器、用于皮肤性质的传感器、用于治疗量级的传感器、葡萄糖传感器、用户界面、与PDA或手机的无线连接,以便具有记忆和提醒功能以及对支持部位的远程访问。
在一些实施方式中,用于药物/胰岛素注射的设备包括葡萄糖传感器。该葡萄糖传感器可以测量位于不同部位的血糖量级(例如,位于具有降低的血液灌注的部位,比如手臂和腿)。葡萄糖感受器可以被设置在与注射端相对的侧面上。
在一些实施方式中,本发明可以被设置成用于喷射注射。喷射注射涉及物质的高压注射,这样省却了针的使用。此类型的注射模式也被称为“免针”或“无针”注射。在一些实施方式中,笔注射设备可以包括喷射注射,其在一个或多个针的使用之外使用或代替一个或多个针的使用。常规的免针注射系统的一些例子包括Medi-Jector以及由Antares制造的一些产品。这些系统可以适合于和本发明的喷射注射系统一起使用。
在一些实施方式中,注射设备包括一次性喷嘴以及装有附加物质的储存器。该储存器位于喷嘴处,且附加物质设置成单次使用或者单次剂量的量。该储存器位于设备的主体内,并且喷嘴的特征是具有连接器,该连接器用于与储存器流体联通或其它形式的联通。
在一些实施方式中,不是和附加的储存器一起布置喷嘴而是提供了附加物质的施加器,该施加器连接到本设备或与本设备分离。喷嘴可以和计量器布置在一起,以便调节将被施加的附加物质的量。施加器可以通过按钮或其它控制部件控制。在一些实施方式中,计量器可以被设置成环形,该环形可以围绕施加器按钮或其它控制设备转动,以调节按钮被按压的量和/或其它控制设备的一些功能和/或调整施加的附加物质的剂量。
在一些实施方式中,药物输送笔可以包括粘合材料,比如粘着剂,以 便帮助用户产生用于施加药物和/或附加物质的皮肤褶。
本发明还提供了以下实施方式:
1.一种用于在注射部位将治疗流体输送到患者的装置,其包括:流体注射设备,其具有外壳,其中,所述外壳包括:注射器,其用于将治疗流体注射到注射部位,以及储存器,其用于容纳治疗流体;治疗元件,其连接到所述流体注射设备,并且设置成对注射部位施加治疗;其中,所述治疗元件被进一步设置成改进治疗流体的药物动力和/或药效性质。
2.一种用于在注射部位将治疗流体输送到患者的装置,其包括:流体注射设备,其具有外壳,其中,所述外壳包括:注射器,其用于将治疗流体注射到注射部位,以及储存器,其用于容纳治疗流体;治疗元件,其设置成对注射部位施加治疗;接合器,其被连接成在流体注射过程中连接在所述流体注射设备和所述治疗元件之间,其中,所述治疗元件被进一步设置成改进治疗流体的药物动力和/或药效性质。
3.一种用于在注射部位将治疗流体输送到患者的装置,其包括:流体注射设备,其具有外壳,其中,所述外壳包括:注射器,其用于将治疗流体注射到注射部位,以及储存器,其用于容纳治疗流体;治疗元件,其设置成对注射部位施加治疗;接合器,其被连接成在流体注射之前连接在所述流体注射设备和所述治疗元件之间,其中,所述治疗元件被进一步设置成改进治疗流体的药物动力和/或药效性质。
4.如实施方式3所述的装置,其中,所述治疗元件和所述流体注射设备在注射之前设置在相同的外壳中。
5.如实施方式4所述的装置,其中,所述外壳为携带的箱子。
6.如在先实施方式1-5中任一实施方式所述的装置,其中,所述治疗元件被包含在所述外壳的至少一部分内。
7.如在先实施方式1-5中任一实施方式所述的装置,其中,所述注射器为针。
8.如在先实施方式1-5中任一实施方式所述的装置,其中,所述注 射器为喷射流体注射器。
9.如在先实施方式1-5中任一实施方式所述的装置,其还包括触发器,所述触发器用于经由所述注射器来致动药物输送。
10.如在先实施方式1-5中任一实施方式所述的装置,其还包括治疗释放触发器,所述治疗释放触发器用于经由所述治疗元件来致动治疗输送。
11.如在先实施方式1-5中任一实施方式所述的装置,其中,所述外壳还包括至少一个治疗输送开口,所述至少一个治疗输送开口用于对注射部位施加治疗。
12.如在先实施方式1-5中任一实施方式所述的装置,其还包括药物剂量选择器。
13.如实施方式12所述的装置,其中,所述药物剂量选择器被设置成施加推注剂量的治疗流体和/或基础剂量的治疗流体。
14.如在先实施方式1-5中任一实施方式所述的装置,其还包括治疗选择器。
15.如实施方式14所述的装置,其中,所述治疗选择器被设置成对注射部位和相邻于所述注射部位的区域中的至少一个施加预定量的治疗物质。
16.如实施方式15所述的装置,其中,所述治疗物质是从一组中选出的,所述组的组成为:液体、软膏、溶液、气溶胶、泡沫、固体、胶体泡沫、压缩液体、气体、喷雾、疼痛减轻药物、止痛剂、血管舒张药物、腐败剂、酒精或其任何组合。
17.如实施方式14所述的装置,其中,所述治疗选择器被设置成对注射部位和相邻于所述注射部位的区域中的至少一个施加所述治疗,其中,所述治疗是从一组中选出的,所述组的组成为:辐射、加热、机械振动、抽吸、按摩、声刺激、电磁辐射、电场、磁场、电刺激、附加物质的注射,以及前述项目的任何组合。
18.如在先实施方式1-5中任一实施方式所述的装置,其中,所述治疗流体为胰岛素。
19.如在先实施方式1-5中任一实施方式所述的装置,其还包括分析物传感器,所述分析物传感器设置成被包括在所述外壳的至少一部分内。
20.如实施方式19中所示的装置,其中,所述分析物传感器被设置成确定患者身体内的分析物的量级。
21.如实施方式20所述的装置,其中,所述分析物为葡萄糖。
22.如实施方式1所述的装置,其中,所述治疗与所述治疗流体的注射同时施加。
23.如实施方式1所述的装置,其中,所述治疗在所述治疗流体的注射之前或之后施加。
24.如实施方式1所述的装置,其还包括处理单元,所述处理单元设置成控制所述治疗元件施加的所述治疗。
25.如实施方式24所述的装置,其中,所述处理单元控制所述治疗的幅度、延续时间、相位、强度以及频率中的至少一个。
26.如实施方式1所述的装置,其中,所述外壳还包括喷嘴,所述流体通过所述喷嘴而注射进入注射部位。
27.如实施方式1所述的装置,其中,所述治疗元件是可重复使用的。
28.如实施方式1所述的装置,其中,所述治疗元件是一次性的。
29.如实施方式1所述的装置,其中,所述治疗元件具有一次性部分和可重复使用部分。
30.如实施方式1所述的装置,其中,所述治疗元件设置成可拆卸的。
31.如实施方式1所述的装置,其中,所述治疗元件包括允许所述注射器被定位成穿过其中的开口。
32.如实施方式30所述的装置,其中,所述治疗元件被进一步设置 成在从所述流体注射设备分离后连接到注射部位。
33.如实施方式31所述的装置,其中,所述治疗元件是从一组中选出的,所述组的组成为:加热元件、辐射发射器、RF发射器、声转换器、压缩设备/抽吸设备、机械/电-机械振动设备、光发射设备,以及电极,以及其任何组合。
34.如实施方式33所述的装置,其中,所述压缩设备包括一个或多个可粘附的部分,所述一个或多个可粘附的部分用于粘附到靠近注射部位的皮肤,并且包括有延展性的部分。
35.如实施方式1所述的装置,其中,所述注射器和所述治疗元件被设置在所述药物输送设备的远端端部。
36.如实施方式1所述的装置,其中,所述注射器被设置在所述药物输送设备的远端端部,并且所述治疗元件被设置在所述药物输送设备的近端端部。
37.如实施方式1所述的装置,其中,所述治疗元件是从一组中选出的,所述组的组成为:注射器、喷嘴、开口以及滚筒施加器球。
38.如实施方式1所述的装置,其中,所述治疗元件包括分配器,所述分配器包括多个治疗元件。
39.如实施方式38所述的装置,其中,所述多个治疗元件以堆叠的结构提供,其中,一个或预定数量的元件是经由触发器分配的。
40.如实施方式1所述的装置,其还包括远程控制单元。
41.如实施方式1所述的装置,其还包括处理器、显示器和传感器中的至少一个。
42.如在先实施方式1-41中任一实施方式所述的装置,其中,治疗设备包括加热注入区域的加热器。
43.如在先实施方式1-41中任一实施方式所述的装置,其中,治疗设备包括加热药物注射区域的附近区域。
44.如实施方式42所述的装置,其中,组织被加热到不损害药物的温度。
45.如实施方式42-44所述的装置,其中,所述治疗包括加热组织的附近区域,但不将药物区域加热到高于会损害药物的限制温度的温度。
46.如实施方式42-45中任一实施方式所述的装置,其中,所述药物为胰岛素。
47.如实施方式46所述的设备,其中,限制温度为大约37℃。
48.如实施方式42-47所述的装置,其中,所述加热器被连接到所述插入视野周围的皮肤。
49.如实施方式42-48所述的装置,其中,所述加热器为U形或圆形。
50.一种输送治疗流体的方法,其用于使用流体输送设备将治疗流体输送到患者身上的注射部位,所述流体输送设备具有带有外壳的流体注射设备,其中,所述外壳包括用于将治疗流体注射到注射部位的注射器和用于容纳治疗流体的储存器,以及连接到所述流体注射设备的治疗元件,所述治疗元件被设置成对注射部位施加治疗,所述方法包括以下步骤:使用所述流体注射设备,在注射部位注射治疗流体;使用所述治疗元件,对注射部位和相邻于所述注射部位的区域中的至少一个施加治疗;以及在施加治疗后,改进治疗流体的药物动力和/或药效性质。
51.如实施方式50所述的方法,其中,在流体的注射前,所述治疗元件被连接到所述流体注射设备。
52.如实施方式50所述的方法,其中,所述施加步骤还包括:在所述注射步骤之前、之中或之后施加治疗。
53.如实施方式50所述的方法,其中,所述治疗元件被容纳在所述外壳的至少一部分内。
54.如实施方式50所述的方法,其中,所述注射器为针。
55.如实施方式50所述的方法,其中,所述注射器为喷射流体注射 器。
56.如实施方式50所述的方法,其还包括:经由触发器来致动药物输送。
57.如实施方式50所述的方法,其还包括:经由触发器来致动治疗输送。
58.如实施方式50所述的方法,其中,所述治疗经由位于所述注射器附近的至少一个开口来施加。
59.如实施方式50所述的方法,其还包括:通过药物剂量选择器来为治疗流体选择剂量。
60.如实施方式58所述的方法,其中,所述药物剂量选择器被设置成施加推注剂量的治疗流体和/或基础剂量的治疗流体。
61.如实施方式50所述的方法,其还包括:经由治疗选择器来选择治疗。
62.如实施方式61所述的方法,其中,所述治疗包括对注射部位和相邻于所述注射部位的区域中的至少一个施加治疗物质。
63.如实施方式62所述的方法,其中,所述治疗物质是从一组中选出的,所述组的组成为:液体、软膏、溶液、气溶胶、泡沫、固体、胶体泡沫、压缩液体、气体、喷雾、疼痛减轻药物、止痛剂、血管舒张药物、腐败剂、酒精以及其任何组合。
64.如实施方式61所述的方法,其中,所选择的治疗是从一组中选出的,所述组的组成为:辐射、光、加热、机械振动、抽吸、按摩、声刺激、电刺激、附加物质的注射,以及其任何组合。
65.如实施方式50所述的方法,其中,所述治疗流体为胰岛素。
66.如实施方式50所述的方法,其还包括:经由分析物传感器来确定身体分析物量级,所述分析物传感器被包括在所述外壳的至少一部分内。
67.如实施方式66所述的方法,其中,所述分析物为葡萄糖。
68.如实施方式50所述的方法,其还包括:在治疗流体的注射之前、之中或之后,将治疗施加到注射部位和相邻于所述注射部位的区域中的至少一个。
69.如实施方式50所述的方法,其还包括:经由处理单元来控制治疗的施加。
70.如实施方式69所述的方法,其还包括:经由所述处理单元来控制所述治疗的幅度、延续时间、相位、强度以及频率中的至少一个。
71.如实施方式50所述的方法,其还包括:将所述治疗元件连接到所述药物输送设备的无注射器的端部。
72.如实施方式50所述的方法,其还包括:将所述治疗元件连接到所述药物输送设备的注射器端部。
73.一种用于对患者施加温度敏感药物的方法,其包括:提供治疗元件,所述治疗元件包括可控制的加热元件;将所述治疗元件放置成与将要被加热的组织温度传递接触;在加热组织的同时,将药物施加到被加热的组织;以及将由所述治疗元件提供的温度控制到最大温度,以防止将药物加热到高于会引起药物降解的限制温度。
74.如实施方式73所述的方法,其中,所述可控制的加热元件包括用于确定由所述治疗元件提供的所述最大温度的处理器。
75.如实施方式73所述的方法,其中,所述可控制的加热元件包括用于放热反应的材料混合物,其中,所述放热反应的温度输出不超过由所述治疗元件提供的所述最大温度。
76.如实施方式73-75所述的方法,其中,所述药物包括胰岛素,并且,控制由所述治疗元件提供的所述最大温度的所述步骤包括:调节所述治疗元件的输出温度,以使组织中将被加热到的温度不超过大约37℃。
77.一种用于在注射部位将治疗流体输送到患者的装置,其包括:流 体注射设备,其具有外壳,其中,所述外壳包括:注射器,其用于将治疗流体注射到注射部位;以及储存器,其用于容纳治疗流体;治疗识别传感器,其可识别治疗是否被施加到将被注射流体的患者组织区域,其中,所述治疗的进一步的意图是改进治疗流体的药物动力和/或药效性质。
78.如实施方式77所述的装置,其中,在药物注射之前、之中或之后,治疗元件在药物注射区域的附近区域引起皮肤褶。
79.一种输送治疗流体的方法,其用于使用流体输送设备将治疗流体输送到患者身上的注射部位,所述流体输送设备具有带有外壳的流体注射设备,其中,所述外壳包括用于将治疗流体注射到注射部位的注射器和用于容纳治疗流体的储存器,以及可识别治疗是否被施加到将被注射流体的患者组织区域的治疗识别传感器,所述方法包括以下步骤:使用所述治疗识别传感器来识别治疗是否被施加到将被注射药物的患者组织区域;仅当所述治疗识别传感器识别治疗被以适当的量级施加到所述组织区域时,使用所述流体注射设备在治疗部位注射治疗流体,在施加治疗后,改进治疗流体的药物动力和/或药效性质。
80.如实施方式79所述的方法,其中,在药物注射之前、之中或之后,治疗元件在药物注射区域的附近区域引起皮肤褶,以在施加治疗后改进治疗流体的药物动力和/或药效性质。
附图简述
本文通过参照附图,仅借助于实例,对本发明进行了描述。现在具体地参照详细的附图,应强调:通过实例示出的细节的目的只是为了本发明优选实施方式的说明性的讨论,并且示出的实例是为了提供被认为是本发明的原理和概念方面的最有用的和最容易理解的描述。在这点上,与更详细地展示本发明的结构细节相比,更希望提供对本发明的基本理解,结合附图的描述使得本领域技术人员能显然地知晓本发明的若干种形式如何在实践中实施。
图1A-E示出了依据本发明的一些实施方式的示例性的药物输送笔, 该药物输送笔与用于向药物注射部位局部施加附加物质的机构相结合。
图2A-C示出了依据本发明的一些实施方式的示例性的药物输送笔,该药物输送笔与用于向药物注射部位局部施加附加物质的机构相结合。
图3A-C示出了依据本发明的一些实施方式的示例性的药物输送笔,该药物输送笔与用于向药物注射部位局部施加附加物质的机构相结合。
图4A-D示出了依据本发明的一些实施方式的示例性的药物输送笔,该药物输送笔与用于向药物注射部位局部施加附加物质的机构相结合。
图5A-C示出了依据本发明的一些实施方式的示例性的药物输送笔,该药物输送笔与用于在药物注射部位上施加治疗元件的机构相结合。
图6A-C示出了依据本发明的一些实施方式的示例性的药物输送笔,该药物输送笔与用于在药物注射部位上施加治疗元件的机构相结合。
图7A-C示出了依据本发明的一些实施方式的示例性的药物输送笔以及盖子,该药物输送笔以及盖子与用于在药物注射部位上施加治疗元件的机构相结合。
图8A-D示出了依据本发明的一些实施方式的示例性的药物输送笔,该药物输送笔与用于在药物注射部位上施加治疗元件的机构相结合。
图9A-C示出了依据本发明的一些实施方式的示例性的药物输送笔,该药物输送笔与用于在药物注射部位上施加治疗元件的机构相结合。
图10A-F示出了依据本发明的一些实施方式的示例性的治疗元件,该治疗元件可以被连接到位于药物注射部位的药物注射。
图11A-D示出了依据本发明的一些实施方式的示例性的药物输送设备的框图。
图12A-C示出了依据本发明的一些实施方式的示例性的药物输送笔,该药物输送笔与用于在药物注射部位上施加治疗元件的机构相结合。
图13为流程图,其示出了一种用于控制由治疗元件提供的加热温度,以防止温度敏感药物的降解的示例性的方法。
发明详述
本发明涉及一种用于在药物注射部位注射药物的药物输送笔或其他药物注射设备,其中注射设备中的药物施加治疗,该治疗可以改进被注射药物的药物动力和/或药效性质。接下来的描述将出于说明性而非限制性的目的描述了一种药物注射笔,然而,如本领域技术人员可以理解的那样,本发明适用于任何其他药物注射设备。
图1A-C为依据本发明的某些实施方式的一种示例性的药物输送笔100的示意图,其带有与输送笔连接的治疗元件。图1A和1B示出了一种示例性的药物输送笔100,该药物输送笔100带有笔杆110、注射活塞释放触发器/按钮112(用于致动活塞泵,例如,在输送笔外壳之内)、治疗释放触发器/按钮108(用于致动输送治疗的泵)、针状开口及其外壳102、治疗输送开口104以及药物剂量选择器106。图1A是药物输送笔100的透视图。图1B是笔100的侧视图。
通过注射选定的和确定的药物剂量106并使用注射活塞释放按钮112来释放活塞(未示出),该活塞在药物储存器注射器或管形瓶上按压和/或以其它形式施加压力,用于输送胰岛素的药物输送笔可以像现有技术的药物输送笔那样起作用,以便引起所需剂量的药物(未示出)经过针外壳102注射进入目标区域。在一些实施方式中,可以利用输送药物的液体喷射器来代替注射器,从而使药物通过外壳102输送到目标部位。药物输送笔可以提供附加的治疗元件,例如,麻醉剂、用于引起治疗的药物、用于改进注射的基本药物功效的药物。基本药物可以是胰岛素。
可以使用治疗输送开口104将治疗输送到目标组织上,其中液态的治疗物质可以被施加或喷射到组织上。图1C是药物输送笔100的横截面图,其示出了治疗元件130及其部件。治疗元件130包括治疗隔室120、多个阀122、泵126和治疗释放按钮128。在一些实施方式中,治疗隔室120储存了剂型:液体、软膏、溶液、气雾剂、泡沫、固体、胶体泡沫、压缩液体、气体、喷雾、疼痛减轻药物、止痛剂、血管舒张药物、腐败剂、酒精,或用于治疗皮肤软组织区域的类似物。在一些实施方式中,治疗可以在针展开之前或之后施加。
使用由按压治疗释放按钮128致动的示意性泵126,可以使储存在隔室120里的治疗物质被泵送到治疗释放开口104。治疗释放按钮128释放阀122,以输送治疗液体从隔室120穿过管道124,该管道124通向开口104。施加到区域的治疗可以引起通过注射输送的基本药物的药物动力和/或药效性质的改进。药物的药物动力和/或药效性质的改进的途径可能依赖于所使用的治疗物质或元件。
图1D为依据本发明的一些实施方式的带有手动注射部分141的药物输送笔140的部分分解图。笔140包括笔主体150、剂量释放按钮142、治疗释放按钮148、药物剂量选择器146和注射连接部分144。注射连接部分144是用于将注射部分141牢固地固定到笔部分140的连接模块。注射部分141与笔部分140的连接可以由至少一个或多个连接件,诸如凸形/凹形连接器、螺纹连接器、搭扣连接器、转键连接器(turn key connector)、钩连接器(hook connector)或任何其它合适的连接器来完成。
手动注射部分141包括治疗物质储存器152、治疗输送开口154和针158。手动注射部分141在单次使用之后可以丢弃。但是,注射部分141可再使用并且可以被使用多次或在某段时间内重复使用。在药物输送之前,药物输送笔主体150被牢固地连接于手动注射部分141,以允许用户通过使用剂量选择器146选择药物剂量来使用药物输送笔140。治疗释放按钮148触发治疗物质从治疗储存器152经过输送开口154的释放。治疗释放的计时可以在药物输送之前、期间或之后,或以其组合的方式来执行。药物输送可以通过使用剂量选择器146来设置剂量,手动地将针158插入到目标部位,通过输送开口154释放治疗物质,以及最后用剂量释放按钮142输送药物来实现。
图1E描绘了图1D中的手动药物输送笔的一种附加的可选择的实施方式。手动药物输送笔包括药物输送笔外壳160和手动注射部分161。笔外壳160包括笔主体170、剂量释放按钮162、药物剂量选择器166、治疗释放按钮168、治疗剂量选择器178、治疗物质管道176和注射连接部分164。注射连接部分164可设置成将注射部分161牢固地固定到笔主体部分160。注射部分161与笔部分160的连接可以由至少一个或多个连结 件,诸如凸形/凹形连接器、螺纹连接器、搭扣连接器、转键连接器、钩连接器或任何其它连接器来实现。
手动注射部分161可在单次使用后丢弃,然而,注射部分161可多次使用或在一连续的时期内重复使用。在药物输送之前,药物输送笔主体170被牢固地连接于手动注射部分161,以允许使用者通过使用药物剂量选择器166选择药物剂量来使用药物输送笔160。治疗剂量选择器178确定将由治疗释放按钮168释放的治疗物质的剂量。按压治疗释放按钮168,来触发治疗物质从治疗储存器(未示出)经过至少一个或多个治疗输送管176的释放,该治疗输送管176的末端位于治疗输送开口174。治疗剂量选择和释放的计时可以在药物输送之前、期间或之后,或以其组合的方式来执行。药物输送是通过使用剂量选择器166来设置剂量,手动地将针158插入目标部位,如上所述地通过输送开口174释放治疗物质,以及最后用剂量释放按钮162输送药物来实现。
图2A-C示出了依据本发明的示例性的药物输送笔,该药物输送笔与图1A-C中所描述的实施方式类似。在图2A-C的实施方式中,治疗开口位于与针外壳相对的一侧。图2A和2B示出了包括笔杆210、注射释放按钮208、治疗释放按钮212、针开口及外壳202、治疗输送开口204以及药物剂量选择器206的药物输送笔200。图2A是药物输送笔200的透视图。图2B是笔200的侧视图。
药物输送,如胰岛素输送,通过设置既定的药物剂量206并按压上部按钮(图2A-C中未示出),以在要求的距离内推动注射器活塞(图2A-C中未示出)以便注射已设置的剂量,以与传统笔,如NovoPen,FlexPen,Sanofi Aventis笔或类似的笔相似的方式起作用,以至于不再需要注射释放按钮208。对于其它笔,如Autopen24,在设置既定的药物剂量206之后,通过释放注射释放按钮208来注射药物,该注射释放按钮208释放活塞(图2A-C中未示出),该活塞推动注射器活塞至需要的距离,以便按标度盘206注射所要求的剂量。在一些笔中,关于药物输送,是通过设置既定的药物剂量206,并按压针释放按钮208来释放针(图2A-C中未示出)经过针外壳202进入目标部位,从而通过该针来注射所需要的药物剂 量来完成药物输送的。然而,依据本发明的药物输送笔提供了附加的治疗元件,例如,以另一种药物的形式来引起治疗,以便增强被注射的基本药物的药效。上述注射笔以及其他注射设备,如注射器或喷射注射器的构型和机理,可以设置成与用于施加附加治疗至药物注射部位附近的设备和方法一起使用,如同本申请和相关申请所描述的那样。在一些实施方式中,基本药物可以是胰岛素。
使用笔的治疗输送开口204,来输送治疗到目标组织,其中流体治疗物质被施加到组织上。图2C是药物输送笔200的横截面图,其示出了治疗元件230及其部件。治疗元件230包括治疗隔室220、多个阀222、泵226、治疗管道224和治疗释放按钮228。治疗隔室220储存了剂型、流体,比如液体、软膏、溶液、气雾剂、压缩液体、气体、喷雾、疼痛减轻药物、止痛剂、血管舒张药物、腐败剂、酒精,或用于治疗皮肤组织区域的类似物。治疗可以在针调配之前或之后,以两个步骤的过程进行施加,笔的其中一端用于使用开口204进行物质治疗输送而其相对的一端用于使用外壳202进行注射。
可以使用示意性泵226,来将储存在隔室220里的治疗物质泵送至治疗释放开口204,该示意性泵226通过按压治疗释放按钮228来激活。治疗释放按钮228释放阀222,以从隔室220经过通向开口204的管道224输送治疗液体。在一些实施方式中,施加到一区域的治疗可以引起通过注射方式输送的基本药物的药物动力和/或药效性质的改进。基本药物的药物动力和/或药效性质的改进的途径可能依赖于所使用的治疗物质或元件。
图3A-C示出了一种示例性的笔型药物输送设备,其与结合图1A-E和2A-C所描述的设备相似,然而,在此情况下,治疗物质借助于滚筒施加器球(roller-applicator ball)304施加到治疗的组织上。图3A和3B示出了药物输送笔300的相似的视图。笔300的药物输送功能与图1A-E和2A-C中所示的笔的功能相似。药物剂量可以使用剂量标度盘306来控制和确定,其中药物剂量经由装入有针(图3A-C未示出)的针外壳302来输送,而针则由注射释放按钮312来触发。治疗物质可能在注射之前或之 后被施加到注射区域。
图3C示出了治疗元件330,该治疗元件330包括治疗物质容器320和物质施加球304。治疗隔室320储存流体,如液体、软膏、溶液、气雾剂、压缩液体、气体、喷雾、疼痛减轻药物、止痛剂、血管舒张药物、腐败剂、酒精,或用于治疗皮肤组织区域的类似物。治疗可以在针调配之前或之后使用球304,以至少两个步骤的过程施加,笔的其中一端用于使用球304进行物质治疗输送而其相对的一端用于使用外壳302进行注射。
图4A-C示出了依据本发明的一些实施方式的另一个示例性的药物输送笔400。用于改进所输送药物如胰岛素等的药物动力和/或药效性质的治疗物质430,可能以固体、胶体、胶体形式、摇溶液体或类似的形态出现。物质430可能在使用针输送药物之前或之后被施加到治疗区域,该针被输送通过针外壳402。治疗物质430可以是固体、药贴、软膏、溶液、疼痛减轻药物、止痛剂、血管舒张药物、腐败剂、酒精或治疗皮肤或组织区域的类似物。物质治疗430可以在治疗区域上被擦搓、卷绕在治疗区域上,或以任何其他合适的方式施加。
药物输送笔400可以独立于单个的治疗物质430地制造;可选择地,药物输送笔400也可以和与其连接的治疗物质430一起制造。图4D示出了治疗物质430,该治疗物质430设置成可以用粘着剂、螺纹、粘合层、夹子或任何其他的连接工具配置在笔杆410上。笔杆410可以被推动穿过治疗物质430的腔。治疗物质430可以被设置成圆周地围绕笔杆410。在一些实施方式中,单次使用或可重复使用的治疗物质430可以和其他药物注射设备,如注射器一起使用。
图5A示出了依据本发明的一些实施方式的一种示例性的药物输送可注射笔,该笔具有针外壳,该外壳可接收用于物质治疗的调配或使用的辅助设备。药物输送笔500包括杆510,杆510设置成容纳一体积的用于输送的可注射药物(如胰岛素)。剂量标度盘506设置将使用针来注射的剂量,该剂量通过注射释放按钮520经针和针外壳502注射。
在一些实施方式中,药物输送笔500包括用于用手指棒(finger stick)测量血糖的葡萄糖传感器501。葡萄糖传感器501可设置成位于药物输送 笔500的顶部。笔500可以用来释放用于抽取可放置于手指棒上(图5A-C中未示出)上的血液滴的针,并将其放置在葡萄糖传感器501上以便读取所抽取的血液样品的葡萄糖量级。此外,如同葡萄糖传感器插入血糖测计仪类型的狭缝,例如笔500的顶部(图5A-C中未示出)一样,血液滴可被施加到手指棒上。
图5B示出了治疗元件装置530,如图5C所示,该设备可被连接到药物输送笔500,以形成药物输送装置540。包含治疗元件装置530和药物输送笔510的药物输送装置540可能是单个单元。
治疗元件装置530包括可以被牢固地连接到针外壳502的凹形连接器524,该凹形连接器524具有与之对应的凸形连接器形状。连接可以通过螺纹、装配、销锁组件、粘合剂或任何其它连接方法来实施。药物输送笔530包括治疗物质分配器520,该治疗物质分配器520包含粘附在多个治疗元件526上的辊520。治疗元件526可以被牢固地放置在针外壳502的端部上。治疗元件526可以以衬垫(例如,释放附加物质的衬垫)、加热衬垫、PCB加热元件、光学治疗元件、电磁辐射治疗元件、电流治疗元件、声治疗元件、按摩治疗元件或与上述所讨论的任何治疗方法相关的元件的形式被实施。治疗元件526可以在注射之前、之中或之后将治疗输送至目标组织,以改进可注射药物的药物动力和/或药效性质。治疗元件526也可以包括电源,以提供所需要的治疗动力。治疗元件可包括控制元件,例如电气回路,以控制治疗曲线。治疗元件可以是一次性的,例如,单次使用治疗元件,由此在治疗曲线结束之后,用户即可丢弃掉治疗元件526。治疗元件可以是重复使用的,由此在治疗曲线结束之后,用户可以对其再补给、更换电源,或者只更换治疗元件526的一次性的部分并随后重新加载入新的或相同的治疗物质分配器520或是图6A中所示的物质分配器630或者其它任何的构型,如本申请中所公开的那样。
图6A-C示出了示例性的治疗元件分配器,如图5A所示,该治疗元件分配器可连接到药物输送笔500上。图6A示出了治疗分配器630,该治疗分配器630为图5B中所示的分配器530的可选择的变化形式。治疗分配器630包括可连接到笔药物输送设备的可堆叠的治疗元件626。图6B 示出了药物输送笔是如何被连接到治疗元件分配器630上的。一旦治疗元件分配器630被从输送笔装置650上分离开,该装置的针端就会和治疗元件626连接起来。治疗元件626可与药物输送笔650的针校准排列。这种排列提供了药物输送和治疗装置650,以便在一个步骤过程中用药物输送笔600实施药物输送之前、同时或之后使用元件626来引起治疗的施加。
在一些实施方式中,使用笔600的药物输送和使用元件626来引起治疗可以以两个步骤的过程进行,其中治疗元件626连接到药物输送笔600的无针的端部。这允许药物输送和治疗被独立地实施。例如,人们可以通过注射释放按钮612激发药物输送并且稍后使用元件626引起治疗。治疗可在药物输送之前进行,该过程也可以反过来。
在一些实施方式中,治疗元件,比如治疗元件526(图5A-C中示出)或元件626,被连接到单次使用针,该单次使用针在每次剂量注射之前被固定到笔(如图1D和图1E中所示),以使得当针被插入身体时,治疗元件被自动地连接到和/或以其它形式附着到注射部位或注射部位周围,而无须由用户进行另外的操作。
对于本文中所示出的任何实施方式,治疗元件可以包括能量源,该能量源可以提供热量、辐射、机械振动、抽吸、磁能、超声波、光照射、射频照射(RF irradiation)、微波照射、电刺激,或任何其它形式的能量或这些能量源的组合。例如,治疗元件可以包括加热器,以加热注射部位;或者包括用于能量源的光学能量源,比如光源,包括但不限于例如LED(发光二极管)或激光二极管,以及一个或多个其它光学元件;或设置成使用微波辐射对注射区域进行照射的微波发生器或发射器;或设置成使用射频电磁辐射对注射区域进行照射的射频电磁辐射发生器或发射器;或设置成振动注射区域的振动设备;或用于对注射区域施加抽吸的真空设备;或设置成对注射区域施加电场的电场发生器或发射器;或设置成对注射区域施加磁场的磁场发生器或发射器;或设置成对注射区域施加声刺激的声信号发生器或发射器。
图7A-C示出了与图5A-C和6A-C中所示出的笔类似的示例性的药物输送笔700,其被连接到如图7B所示的治疗元件分配器730,以创建 药物输送和治疗装置750。该装置750包括位于药物输送笔700的无针的端部的治疗元件分配器730。装置750提供了带有以选定的剂量输送药物的能力的药物输送笔,同时提供了可以改进输送的药物的药物动力和/或药效性质的治疗元件。在一些实施方式中,用户可以将他的/她的治疗元件储存在特殊的箱子中,或者储存在药物注射设备的箱子中。在药物注射之前或之后,如上面所讨论的那样,用户将治疗元件插入治疗元件分配器730并将其施加到注射部位。在一些实施方式中,治疗元件可以具有与治疗元件分配器730类似的形状,并且可以直接地连接到药物输送笔700而不必使用治疗元件分配器作为接合器(adaptor)。
图8A-D示出了依据本发明的一些实施方式的示例性的治疗设备,其与图1A-3C中示出的治疗设备类似。图8A描绘了用于输送可注射的药物的药物输送笔800。图8B和8C为可以被连接到药物输送笔800的治疗元件830的视图,因此,形成如图8A中示出的药物输送和治疗设备。治疗元件830可以经过开口840连接到笔800,其中开口840接纳药物输送笔800的针端。治疗元件830包括可以被用于储存治疗流体的治疗物质隔室820。治疗隔室820储存流体,比如胶体、泡沫、液体、软膏、溶液、气溶胶(aerosol)、压缩液体、气体、喷雾、疼痛减轻药物、止痛剂、血管舒张药物、腐败剂、酒精或用于治疗皮肤组织区域的类似物。治疗可以在针的调配之前或之后施加。
储存在隔室820中的治疗液体可以使用泵826通过开口804被输送到目标组织,该泵826通过按压治疗释放按钮828而致动。治疗释放按钮828释放阀822,以便从隔室820通过通向开口804的管道824输送治疗液体。在一些实施方式中,治疗液体的量可以为用户预先设置。在一些实施方式中,可以使用特殊的标度盘或其它设备(图8A-D中未示出,但图1E中示出了)来设置所施加的治疗物质的量。施加到一区域的治疗可以引起通过注射输送的基本药物(例如胰岛素)的改进的药物动力和/或药效性质。药物的药效和/或药物动力性质被改进的途径是可选择的并且可取决于使用的治疗物质或元件。
图9A-C示出了依据本发明的一些实施方式的药物输送笔900,其具 有提供压力相关治疗,比如抽吸、按摩或类似治疗的治疗元件。图9A描绘了药物输送笔和治疗装置950,该药物输送笔和治疗装置950包括药物输送笔900以及可被机械地连接的治疗元件附件930。装置950可被提供作为组装的或单件的药物输送设备。装置950可被连接到由可承受压力的柔韧的材料制成的治疗元件940。这种材料可以是橡胶、乳胶,或被设置成类似于柱塞那样在给定的治疗区域上方产生抽吸的任何其它合适的材料。装置950被放置在治疗元件940上方,并且如图9B和9C中所示那样被压缩以产生另外的压力,或在笔被升高时进行抽吸。这样的抽吸将在治疗的组织中引起血管舒张并被设置成改进输送的药物的药物动力和/或药效。药物输送调配可以在治疗元件940处于压缩形式时进行,如图9C中所示。
图10A-D示出了依据本发明的一些实施方式的多种基于压力的治疗元件。图10A为图10B中示出的治疗元件的横截面图。治疗元件可以在药物输送过程中使用,并且包括允许针穿透通过的腔1000。图10C为图10D中示出的治疗元件的横截面图。图10D的治疗元件可以在药物输送之前或之后使用,以便在组织区域上方产生吸力。图10A-D的治疗元件可以被用于在药物注射部位的附近产生吸力或真空,并引起局部的血管舒张。
图10E和10F示出了示例性的治疗元件,其设置成持久的粘带,被用于有效地捏住皮肤的褶同时保持其形状。图10E中示出的治疗元件包括两个粘性端部1050,该两个粘性端部1050被有延展性的部分1052桥接。端部1050中的每一个被放置在将要使用例如注射器或药物输送笔进行注射的一小块皮肤上方。一旦就位,端部1050即通过有延展性的部分1052被彼此相向地推动以形成钟形形状。部分1052可以由能保持其形状的结实的有延展性的材料制造,同时可重复地形成和变形。图10F示出了处于折叠形式的图10E的治疗元件。部分1052可以被模制并重新造型形成例如引起血管舒张的治疗元件。
图11A为依据本发明的一些实施方式的示例性的药物输送装置1100的框图,该药物输送装置1100具有被并入药物输送笔1104中的治疗元件 1102,其中治疗元件被整合进入药物输送笔。图11B为依据本发明的一些实施方式的示例性的药物输送装置1110的框图,该药物输送装置1100具有治疗元件1112以及彼此可移除地连接的药物输送设备1114。药物输送设备1114或治疗元件1112可以彼此独立地运行,并且可以彼此固定地连接,以形成类似于图4A-6C的实施方式的单个的药物输送和治疗装置1110。药物输送设备1114可以被实施为注射器、药物输送笔、药物输送喷射注射器或类似物。
图11C为示例性的药物输送和治疗装置的框图,该药物输送和治疗装置还包括传感器1126,比如葡萄糖棒传感器(glucose stick sensor),以便测量血糖。药物输送装置1120与外部处理单元1130联通。该处理单元可以为PDA、手机、计算机、手提式电脑或任何其它设备。单元1130包括控制器1132以及显示器1134。控制器1132控制从药物输送装置1120接收的数据的分析,以确定与药物输送笔1124以及治疗元件1122的运行相关的治疗或剂量形式及类似物。该处理单元1130为用户提供关于药物输送设备1120的历史使用和当前使用的数据。
图11D为依据本发明的一些实施方式的类似于图11C中示出的设备的示例性的药物输送设备的框图,其中该药物输送装置1140具有整合的传感器1146、处理单元1150以及显示器1148。这允许用户全面地控制、观察与药物输送笔1144或治疗元件1142关联的所有活动。
图12A-C示意性地示出了依据本发明的一些实施方式的可以被连接到药物注射设备1200(如图12C中所示)的示例性的治疗元件分配器。图12A示出了带有电源1211的治疗元件1210。在一些实施方式中,该治疗元件1210包括电源和控制元件以控制治疗曲线。例如,在加热的情形中,治疗元件1210可以包括加热器,以加热注射部位周围的组织到改进药物的药物动力和药效的温度。在温度敏感药物,比如胰岛素的情形中,治疗元件1210可以包括加热器,以将注射部位周围的组织加热到改进药物的药物动力和药效的温度,而不会将药物加热到可能使其降解的限制温度以上,该限制温度比如,对于一些类型的胰岛素为37℃。治疗元件1210还可以包括位于其底部侧面的被层压制品1212覆盖的粘合层。
在一些实施方式中,用户拥有装有一个或几个治疗元件1210的箱子。当用户需要在药物注射部位上方使用治疗元件时,用户采用接合器1220,该接合器1220可以被储存在相同或不同的箱子里,并将一个治疗元件1210连接到接合器1220,如图12B中所示。治疗元件1210可以使用弱机械锁定装置,比如塑料夹子,或者弱粘合剂或本领域已知的其它方式连接到接合器1220。然后层压制品1212可以被移除。随后,接合器1220被组装或者拧紧在药物输送笔或注射器1230上,如图12C中所示。在一些实施方式中,针帽1231可以被从针移除。然后,针被插入注射部位组织,药物注射设备被操作并且药物通过针被注射进入组织。在这段时期中或者稍早于或稍迟于这段时间,接合器1230被向下推动到组织并且治疗元件1210被连接到药物注射部位周围的组织。
在一些实施方式中,治疗元件1210与组织的连接被设置成自动地激活它并且治疗依据预定的治疗曲线启动。此功能可以例如通过小开关被实施,该小开关在治疗元件1210连接到组织时被按压。在一些实施方式中,治疗元件1210可以被手动地致动。在一些实施方式中,治疗元件可以针对特定的治疗元件通过远程控制器或与其箱子的连接而被控制和/或程序化。随后,注射设备1230和接合器1220被一起或者分别地升高,而治疗元件1210被保持连接到组织并对药物注射部位的附近施加治疗。用户可以在治疗结束后或稍后移除治疗元件。在一些实施方式中,该治疗元件包括指示器,该指示器为用户指示治疗的开始以及治疗的结束。在一些实施方式中,该治疗元件1210可以是一次性的。
在一些实施方式中,治疗元件1210的电源1211可以是可再充电的,以便在治疗结束之后以及用户将其从皮肤移除,该电源1211可以被放回箱子和/或放置在充电托架中以便充电,该充电托架可以被放置在所述箱子中。在一些实施方式中,治疗元件1210可以具有一次性部分以及可重复使用部分。在一些实施方式中,药物注射设备以及治疗元件中的至少一个在注射前被布置在相同的箱子中。这为用户提供了附加的舒适感并允许用户一起地或者先后地使用它们两者。
图13为流程图,其描绘了一种用于控制由治疗元件提供的加热温度 的方法,该治疗元件加热注射部位组织的附近,以便防止温度敏感药物的降解。如步骤1300中所示,提供了对患者进行注射的药物,其中药物在限制温度以上容易降解。在步骤1301中,提供的治疗元件的特征是可以通过可控制的加热元件来控制加热。在步骤1302中,治疗元件被放置成与将要被加热的组织热接触,以使来自治疗元件的热量被传送到将要被加热的组织。
在步骤1303中,由治疗元件提供的最大温度是控制的,以使得药物经历的温度(即药物的环境)不超过药物在发生降解以前所能承受的限制温度。在一些实施方式中,可以为每种药物和/或药物种类测定其最大温度。例如,对于一些类型的胰岛素,限制温度为大约37℃。
在一些实施方式中,可以通过微处理器或其它处理器提供这种控制,以便控制加热元件的温度输出。可以提供传感器以便测量组织被加热处和/或附近的温度,以便确定药物所经受的温度。
治疗元件包括能够产生放热反应的一种或多种材料,其中可以计算这些材料的量和/或比率,以便使反应温度不超过基于想要的药物限制温度来为治疗元件设置的最大温度。放热反应可以为产生热量的氧化反应,例如,使用铁粉末、活性炭、盐和水的混合物。如可以被本领域技术人员理解的那样,可以使用其它这样的材料混合物。
在一些实施方式中,治疗元件和药物输送笔没有被设置在相同的外壳中。然而,在这些情况下,用户在一些情形中可能忘记对注射部位施加治疗,从而改变药物动力,而这是不理想的。因此,为了防止该情况的发生,药物输送笔可以包括用于在将药物注射进入组织之前、之中或之后提醒用户施加想要的治疗的机构。在一些实施方式中,药物输送笔包括识别治疗是否被施加并只在组织治疗被施加时允许药物注射的机构。在一些实施方式中,除药物注射机构外,药物输送笔还包括指示治疗是否被施加的传感器以及只在组织治疗被施加时启用药物注射的处理单元。该传感器可以为测量局部组织的光学性质光传感器,或者激光多普勒血流仪(“LDF”),该激光多普勒血流仪可以测量局部血液灌注并识别引起血管舒张的局部治疗被施加并且治疗量级是充足的。
本文已描述了本发明的方法和部件的实例实施方式。如在别处提到过的那样,这些实例实施方式只是为了说明性的目的而描述的且没有限制性。可能有其它实施方式并且属于本发明的范围。例如,在本申请中,很多建议的方法和设备可以被用于很多药物注射设备,比如注射笔或注射器或喷射注射器以及其它现在技术已知的注射设备,所以虽然实例主要是针对注射笔给出的,但是它们也可以被应用到其它注射设备。基于本文包含的示教,这些实施方式对于本领域技术人员将是明显的。因此,本发明的宽度和范围不应被上面所描述的示范性实施方式中的任何一个所限制,而应该只依据接下来的权利要求和它们的等价物被界定。
在本公开内容中做出的对专利、专利申请、文献以及其它公开或未公开文件的任何引用及所有引用在此通过引用方式全文并入。
Claims (15)
1.一种用于在注射部位将治疗流体输送到患者的装置,其包括:
外壳,其具有第一储存器和第二储存器,所述第一储存器用于容纳所述治疗流体,所述第二储存器用于容纳治疗物质;
注射器,其用于将所述治疗流体注射在所述注射部位;
治疗元件,其用于在注射所述治疗流体短时间之前、期间和/或之后对所述注射部位和相邻于所述注射部位的区域中的至少一个施加所述治疗物质;
其中,所注射的治疗物质改进所注射的治疗流体的至少一种药物动力和/或药效性质,所注射的治疗流体的至少一种药物动力和/或药效性质的所述改进取决于注射的所述治疗物质。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述注射器包括以下中的至少一种:注射管、注射笔或喷射注射器。
3.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述第二储存器和所述第一储存器在所述注射之前设置在相同的外壳中。
4.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述第二储存器是与所述外壳形成整体的一部分。
5.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述第二储存器被设置成从所述外壳是可移除的,并且被进一步设置成被更换、替代和/或附加到所述外壳。
6.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述治疗流体是胰岛素。
7.如权利要求6所述的装置,其还包括用于检测和测量在所述患者身体内的葡萄糖水平的传感器;
其中所述治疗元件被设置成基于在所述患者身体内的所测量的葡萄糖水平来施加治疗物质的剂量。
8.如权利要求1所述的装置,其还包括:
药物剂量选择器,其用于选择用于注射的所述治疗流体的剂量;和
治疗剂量选择器,其用于确定待施用的所述治疗物质的剂量。
9.如权利要求1所述的装置,其还包括连接到存储器的处理单元、连接到所述处理单元的显示器,其中所述显示器包括用户界面,所述用户界面被设置成允许所述患者控制用于输送所述治疗流体的所述装置的操作,
其中,所述存储器被设置成包含涉及向所述患者注射至少一种推注剂量的所述治疗流体的信息。
10.如权利要求9所述的装置,其中,所述至少一种推注剂量是快速推注剂量,所述快速推注剂量被设置成平行于所述治疗流体的注射或在对于给定一段时间的所述治疗流体的注射的短时间之前或之后开始施加所述治疗物质。
11.如权利要求9所述的装置,其还包括用于与远程控制联通的无线联通能力,其中所述远程控制被设置成对用于输送所述治疗流体的所述装置提供控制。
12.如权利要求1-11中任一权利要求所述的装置,其中,所述注射器包括喷嘴,所述喷嘴用于采用足以穿透所述患者的组织的速度喷射注射来自所述第一储存器的所述治疗流体经过所述喷嘴到达所述注射部位;
其中与所述第一储存器关联的能量源采用足以穿透所述患者的组织的速度推动所述治疗流体经过所述喷嘴到达所述注射部位。
13.如权利要求12所述的装置,其中,所述能量源包括以下中的至少一种:注射器、螺旋弹簧和气弹簧,通常还包括触发器机构,所述触发器机构用于致动所述能量源以用于推动所述治疗流体经过所述喷嘴。
14.如权利要求1-13中任一权利要求所述的装置,其还包括
传感器,其用于指示所述治疗物质是否被施用;
其中处理单元只在所述组织治疗被施加时启用所述治疗流体的注射。
15.如权利要求14所述的装置,其中,所述传感器包括以下中的至少一种:光传感器和激光多普勒血流仪,所述光传感器用于测量所述患者的局部组织的光学性质,所述激光多普勒血流仪用于测量局部血液灌注并识别引起血管舒张的局部治疗被施加并且治疗量级是充足的。
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- 2008-03-19 JP JP2009554119A patent/JP5731120B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-03-19 CN CN201410136692.2A patent/CN104069567A/zh active Pending
- 2008-03-19 EP EP08719774.5A patent/EP2131900B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-03-19 RU RU2009135627/14A patent/RU2481128C2/ru active
- 2008-03-19 WO PCT/IB2008/051049 patent/WO2008114223A1/en active Application Filing
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2014
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MX2009010000A (es) | 2010-03-17 |
AU2008227875B2 (en) | 2014-06-12 |
US20140378908A1 (en) | 2014-12-25 |
AU2014203471A1 (en) | 2014-07-17 |
JP5731120B2 (ja) | 2015-06-10 |
EP2131900A1 (en) | 2009-12-16 |
CN101678169A (zh) | 2010-03-24 |
EP2131900B1 (en) | 2018-05-30 |
CA2681398A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
IL201044A0 (en) | 2010-05-17 |
WO2008114223A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
RU2009135627A (ru) | 2011-04-27 |
US20100174225A1 (en) | 2010-07-08 |
IL219001A0 (en) | 2012-05-31 |
US8827979B2 (en) | 2014-09-09 |
JP2010522013A (ja) | 2010-07-01 |
RU2481128C2 (ru) | 2013-05-10 |
KR20090128499A (ko) | 2009-12-15 |
IL201044A (en) | 2012-05-31 |
AU2008227875A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
JP2014111140A (ja) | 2014-06-19 |
RU2013102423A (ru) | 2014-07-20 |
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