CN104066568B - 用于生产部件的方法以及部件 - Google Patents

用于生产部件的方法以及部件 Download PDF

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CN104066568B
CN104066568B CN201380006274.5A CN201380006274A CN104066568B CN 104066568 B CN104066568 B CN 104066568B CN 201380006274 A CN201380006274 A CN 201380006274A CN 104066568 B CN104066568 B CN 104066568B
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woven fabric
biochip
fabric pipe
structure member
parts
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CN104066568A (zh
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D·弗勒克
B·迈耶
V·乌杨
A·克韦尔
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Johnson Controls GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/68Seat frames
    • B60N2/686Panel like structures
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14631Coating reinforcements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/1703Introducing an auxiliary fluid into the mould
    • B29C45/1704Introducing an auxiliary fluid into the mould the fluid being introduced into the interior of the injected material which is still in a molten state, e.g. for producing hollow articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C69/00Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/44Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
    • B29C70/446Moulding structures having an axis of symmetry or at least one channel, e.g. tubular structures, frames
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D23/00Producing tubular articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/68Seat frames
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7214Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
    • B29C66/72141Fibres of continuous length
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00Tubular articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3055Cars
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于生产部件(B)的方法,所述部件(B)至少包括一个结构部件(2)和一个有机金属片(4),其中:在第一步骤(S1)中,织造织物管(3)布置于模具(1.1)的轮廓内,然后将模具(1.1)闭合;在第二步骤(S2)中,将塑料、尤其是熔体(5)注入到布置于闭合模具(1.1)中的织造织物管(3)内;以及在第三步骤(S3)中,将流体(6)和/或支撑元件(S)引入到织造织物管(3)内,从而在织造织物管(3)内形成空腔(H);有机金属片(4)被成形并用塑料背面模制,以及成形并背面模制的有机金属片(4)粘接到结构部件(2)以便生产所述部件(B)。本发明还涉及根据方法所生产的部件(B)。

Description

用于生产部件的方法以及部件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于生产至少由结构部件和有机片形成的部件的方法以及涉及由所述方法所生产的部件。
背景技术
包括纤维复合材料结构的结构部件(例如它们已知为有机片)是连续纤维增强热塑性片且在现有技术中已知例如用于生产座椅靠背后壁。例如,有机片相应地在模具中成形,随后设置功能性元件,诸如像肋,所述肋优选模制于其上。为了生产中空体形式的结构部件,存在称为适配混合(Fit-Hybrid)方法的一种已知方法,通过所述方法在一个处理步骤中可以同时进行有机片的成形以及注塑模制。轮廓通常通过随后的粘合粘接工艺来封闭。
在该方面,DE 197 47 021 B4公开了一种用于注塑模制连续纤维增强中空体的方法,装置用于以如此的方式在注塑模具中将任意所需种类的管状编织物定位和固定成一层或多层:当塑料熔体被注入到编织物内时,所述编织物:a)由塑料熔体从里面流动通过到达外面,从而这些编织物被完全包埋于塑料内,随后通过所需的任意种类的注气法形成空腔,或者,通过使用相应的致密编织物,所述编织物:b)不由塑料熔体流动通过,而是通过熔体的注入和后续压力以如此的方式使其承靠模具壁:使得这些编织物形成模制件的外皮并且随后通过所需的任意种类的注气法形成空腔。
在DE 10 2008 046 602 A1中描述了一种用于生产具有中空轮廓的部件的方法。在该方法中,将纤维增强管放入到注塑模具中,将模制材料注入到注塑模具中,纤维增强管由模制材料包封,然后利用一种注射方法来去除部件的构成为中空轮廓的部分中的多余的模制材料。
DE 10 2007 036 660 A1公开了用于在注模机中生产增强的复合材料产品的方法和装置,所述注模机具有塑化和注射装置以及封闭单元,至少一个模具容纳在其中。在这种情况下,将织造材料放入到打开的模具内,将模具闭合,从而在第一空腔内成形织造材料,在热的作用下该织造材料完全合并。打开模具,将成形的完全合并的产品翻转过来,将模具闭合以形成第二空腔,第二空腔相比于第一空腔扩大,以及将塑料材料引入到第二空腔内,使得成形的完全合并的织造织物粘接到注塑模制的基材上。
发明内容
本发明的目的是要提供用于生产部件的一种方法,所述部件至少由结构部件和有机片形成,其与现有技术相比有所改进且尤其是成本更低。
关于该方法,根据本发明所述目的通过如下的一种在用于生产至少由结构部件和有机片形成的部件的方法中所指定的特征来实现。
在用于生产至少由结构部件和有机片形成的部件的方法中,在第一步骤中,织造织物管布置于模具的轮廓内,然后将模具闭合;此外,在第二步骤中,将塑料(尤其是熔体)注入到布置于闭合模具中的织造织物管内;以及在第三步骤中,将流体和/或支撑元件引入到织造织物管内以便在织造织物管内形成空腔。塑料(尤其是熔体)优选为在适当的高于其熔点温度下的液态塑料,例如热塑性或热固性塑料。在塑料(尤其是熔体)冷却下来之后,其与织造织物管的嵌入纤维一起形成中空的结构部件。此外,有机片被成形并用塑料背面模制(hinterspritzt),成形并至少在某些区域内背面模制的有机片以材料粘接的方式连接到中空结构部件以便形成所述部件。
流体和/或所述支撑元件优选具有低的温度,因此在将流体引入到织造织物管内之后,塑料(尤其是熔体)冷却下来。因此,织造织物管的纤维嵌入在冷却下来的塑料内,例如嵌入在冷却下来的熔体内,由此生产出具有中空体结构的连续纤维增强热塑性结构部件。因此,通过所述方法,无需附加结合的方法就可以生产出中空体轮廓,所述结构部件基于封闭的中空轮廓而有利地具有相对高的抗扭刚性。因此,所述结构部件相比于具有开放轮廓的结构部件在重量上减轻并且尤其是挠曲刚性的。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中,流体在预定压力下引入到织造织物管内,由此所注入的塑料或所注入的熔体流动通过织造织物管并自行分布、尤其优选均匀地分布到织造织物管的壁内,由此织造织物管进一步嵌入到塑料或熔体内。该流体例如是水。备选地,可膨胀的包络元件(例如气球)作为支撑元件被引入到织造织物管的开口端并且在开口端处以如此的方式在预定压力下通过流体(尤其是冷却流体,所述流体例如空气、气体或水)使其膨胀:形成在织造织物管内发展的空腔。换言之:织造织物管沿其纵向范围适当地膨胀以便形成细长的空腔,并受到支撑,因此织造织物管进一步嵌入到已被注入的塑料或已被注入的熔体内,直到塑料或熔体连同织造织物管的嵌入纤维一起冷却下来。随后去除支撑元件,或否则保留在结构部件内。
另一替代方案提供了将作为支撑元件的支撑材料(诸如像泡沫材料)引入到织造织物管的开口端以便使得空腔在织造织物管内发展。泡沫材料有利地保留在所述结构部件内。
为了在关于抗扭转刚性的方面最优化结构部件,使其与有机片相结合。为此目的,根据本发明,有机片被成形并至少在某些区域内或完全用塑料背面模制,然后以材料粘接的方式连接到结构部件。在这种情况下,有机片以如此的方式用塑料背面模制:形成增强结构,例如肋结构。
为了确保在结构部件和有机片之间的最佳材料粘接连接,有机片至少在某些区域内被加热。
为了生产所述结构部件,根据本发明提供一种具有模具的装置,织造织物管通过所述模具可布置于模具的轮廓内,随后模具可闭合。此外,塑料(尤其是熔体)可注入到布置于闭合模具内的织造织物管内,以及流体可被引入到织造织物管内。模具优选形成为用于对待生产的结构部件进行成形和背面模制的组合模具。
由所述方法生产的部件包括至少一个结构部件和有机片,所述至少一个结构部件由冷却下来的塑料或冷却下来的熔体连同织造织物管的嵌入纤维一起形成,所述有机片被成形且用塑料背面模制且以材料粘接的方式连接到结构部件。
通过所述装置可以生产出具有封闭的中空轮廓的结构部件,因此可以生产出具有中空体轮廓的连续纤维增强的结构部件,其具有相当高的平面惯性矩。其结果是,例如,与具有开放轮廓的构件相比,座椅靠背后壁的构件可制备地更窄,由此可以节省材料和减轻重量。座椅靠背后壁可以更容易且廉价地生产。此外,座椅结构可针对给定的负载适当地设计和生产。
附图说明
基于所附的示意性附图对本发明进行更详细地解释说明,其中:
图1示意性地示出根据本发明的在第一、第二和第三步骤之后用于生产结构部件的装置的截面视图;
图1A、1B示意性地示出在第三步骤中用于使得空腔在结构部件内发展的各种支撑元件;
图2示意性地示出结构部件的截面视图,具体为纵截面视图;
图3示意性地示出连接到有机片上以便形成部件的结构部件的另一截面视图,具体为横截面视图;以及
图4示意性地示出车辆座椅的透视图,其中车辆乘员就座于其上。
在所有的附图中彼此对应的部件设有相同的附图标记。
具体实施方式
图1示意性地示出用于生产结构部件2的装置1的截面视图,具体为纵向截面视图。图2示意性地示出结构部件2的纵截面以及图3示出结构部件2的横截面,结构部件连接到有机片4并形成部件B。有机片4是热塑性材料的片状半成品,玻璃、碳和/或芳族聚酰胺纤维或这些的混合形式的织造织物以如此的方式被引入到热塑性材料内:使得纤维完全由热塑性材料润湿。有机片4因此是连续纤维增强的热塑性片。
图1示出了在第一步骤S1、第二步骤S2和第三步骤S3(从顶部到底部观察)期间的装置1。
在当前的示例性实施例中,装置1包括模具1.1,其优选形成为包括热成形模具和注塑模具的组合模具。例如,该模具1.1形成为两件式的形成空腔的复合体,其包括第一模具体和第二模具体。在这种情况下,模具体之一具有作为待生产的结构部件2的正轮廓的成形轮廓,以及模具体的另一个具有适当的对应的凹部。正轮廓和凹部从而形成模具1.1的空腔。
该模具1.1优选由金属或金属合金形成。可选地,所述模具1.1是由陶瓷或者塑料形成,模具1.1为此目的至少在所述空腔的区域内设有金属涂层。
在第一步骤S1中,将织造织物管3放入到模具1.1的正轮廓内。然后闭合模具1.1。在这种情况下,模具1.1的闭合可手动或优选以自动的方式进行。
在第二步骤S2中,液态塑料(例如以熔体5的形式)被注入到布置于闭合模具1.1中的织造织物管3内。为此目的,装置1包括注塑机(未以任何更具体的方式表示),其可手动致动或以自动的方式操作。
熔体5例如是在适当的高于其熔点的温度(例如在100摄氏度和200摄氏度之间)下的液态塑料。特别适用于此的是例如聚酰胺、聚烯烃、聚丙烯的单相的、非水溶性热塑性塑料,或例如聚亚安酯的热固性塑料。
在第三步骤S3中,流体6(例如水)在适当的低温度和适当的高压力下被引入到织造织物管3内,因此已被注入的熔体5自行分布、优选均匀地分布到织造织物管3上和/或其内,分布到织造织物管3的内壁和/或外壁上。在将流体6引入到织造织物管3的开口端内使得空腔H发展之后,织造织物管3的纤维以嵌入到冷却下来的熔体5内的方式存在。这沿着模具1.1的正轮廓生产出具有中空体轮廓的连续纤维增强的热塑性结构部件2。
图1A和图1B示出通过支撑元件S用于使得空腔H进展的替代性实施例。根据图1A的支撑元件S形成为可膨胀的包络元件E,例如气球。
包络元件E被引入到已由熔体5包围的织造织物管3的开口端3内,并且在预定压力下由流体6(例如空气、水或气体)使其膨胀,这样制备在织造织物管3内沿其纵向范围进展的空腔H。在熔体5连同嵌入的织造织物管3冷却下来之后,去除包络元件E,或者如果合适的话可以保留包络元件E,然后例如形成中空结构部件2的内壁。
在图1B中,例如为泡沫材料的支撑材料M可作为替代性支撑元件S被引入到织造织物管3的开口端内。
在另一步骤(未以任何更具体的方式表示)中,有机片4成形,以及有机片4的表面背面模制有增强结构,优选肋结构。肋结构优选由与有机片4相同的热塑性材料形成。因此,一体地因此单件式的部件由有机片4和肋结构形成。
优选通过有机片4的热塑性基材和/或所述结构部件2的面对有机金属薄片4的热塑性增强的表面来进行有机片4到结构部件2的粘接,热塑性基材被适当地加热,使得结构部件2与有机片4进入材料粘接连接。换言之,在结构部件2和有机片4之间发生表面融合。
封闭的中空轮廓赋予结构部件2相对高的抗扭刚性。因此,与具有开放轮廓的结构部件2相比,结构部件2在重量上减轻且尤其是挠曲刚性的。例如,结构部件2因此适于生产用于车辆座椅7的座椅靠背后壁。
图4示出了通过示例方式给出的车辆座椅7的透视图,其中车辆乘员8就座于其上。
例如,可通过结构部件2和有机片4来生产车辆座椅7的座椅靠背后壁,对于头枕套、安全带偏转装置和/或用于安全带卷收装置的安装而言能够被形成在有机片4的模制肋结构上。
可替代地或另外地,可将结构部件2布置于已知为装饰通道的通道9内,通道9布置在车辆座座椅套内。
附图标记清单
1 装置
1.1 模具
2 结构部件
3 织造织物管
4 有机片
5 熔体
6 流体
7 车辆座椅
8 车辆乘员
9 通道
B 部件
E 包络元件
H 空腔
M 支撑材料
S 支持元件
S1 第一步骤
S2 第二步骤
S3 第三步骤

Claims (7)

1.一种用于生产部件(B)的方法,所述部件(B)至少由结构部件(2)和有机片(4)形成,其特征在于:
-在第一步骤(S1)中,织造织物管(3)布置于模具(1.1)的轮廓内,然后将所述模具(1.1)闭合;
-在第二步骤(S2)中,将是熔体的塑料注入到布置于闭合模具(1.1)中的所述织造织物管(3)内;以及
-在第三步骤(S3)中,将流体(6)和/或支撑元件(S)引入到所述织造织物管(3)内以便在所述织造织物管(3)内形成空腔(H)并且使所述织造织物管(3)膨胀,并且,在是所述熔体的塑料冷却下来之后,它连同所述织造织物管(3)的嵌入纤维一起形成中空的结构部件(2);以及
-有机片(4)被成形并用塑料背面模制;以及
-所述有机片(4)至少在某些区域内被加热,以及
-所述成形并背面模制的有机片(4)通过所述结构部件(2)与所述有机片(4)的熔体粘接以材料粘接的方式连接到所述结构部件(2)以便形成所述部件(B)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述流体(6)和/或所述支撑元件(S)在预定压力下被引入。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述流体(6)和/或所述支撑元件(S)以如此的方式被引入到所述织造织物管(3)内:使得所述织造织物管(3)至少在某些区域内进一步嵌入到已被注入的塑料内。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述流体(6)和/或所述支撑元件(S)被引入到所述织造织物管(3)的开放端内。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述有机片(4)以如此的方式用塑料背面模制:形成肋结构。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,在至少在某些区域内嵌入到所述织造织物管(3)内的所述熔体(5)冷却下来之后,就形成具有中空体轮廓的连续纤维增强的结构部件(2)。
7.一种部件(B),其由根据权利要求1至6之任一所述的方法生产,包括:
-结构部件(2),其由是冷却下来的熔体的冷却下来的塑料连同织造织物管(3)的嵌入纤维一起形成;和
-成形和背面模制的有机片(4),其以材料粘接的方式连接到所述结构部件(2)。
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