CN104041443A - Mixed culture method for young eriocheir sinensis and colored carps - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a mixed culture method for young eriocheir sinensis and colored carps. The method comprises the steps of (1) setting of pond conditions of mixed culture, (2) eriocheir sinensis seed breeding, (3) feeding management at the young eriocheir sinensis phase, (4) colored carp breeding, and (5) feeding management in the mixed culture period. According to the mixed culture method for the young eriocheir sinensis and colored carps, the yield and specifications of young eriocheir sinensis culture can be ensured, the survival rate and the culture specifications of the colored carps are ensured, and comprehensive pond production benefits can be better improved.

Description

The polyculture method of a kind of Juvenile Crab Eriocheir sinensis and color carp

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of Eriocheir sinensia ( eriocheir sinensis) pond polyculture method of young crab and carp (Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color).

Background technology

Eriocheir sinensia ( eriocheir sinensis), being commonly called as river crab, steamed crab, belongs to Crustachia, Decapoda, Grapsidae, suede huge legendary turtle crab genus, is the very important aquatic products economic animal of China, and within 2013, national river crab output reaches 700,000 tons, and nearly 40,000,000,000 yuan of the output value can be rated as the wonderful work that industry is grown in China's aquaculture.At present in the river crab industrial chain of China, juvenile crab, young crab and becomes crab substantially to divide the three industry stage to carry out, the juvenile crab producer is responsible for that close crab breeds and juvenile crab production, and juvenile crab is sold to young crab raiser and raises; Children crab be from juvenile crab to crab kind one age river crab general name; Becoming crab is the commodity crab while reaching sexual maturity, by crab kind, through 1 year left and right time, is cultivated and forms.Children crab is the important step (link in product) in river crab industrial chain, plays the important function of series winding antenatal (juvenile crab), postpartum (becoming crab) industrial chain.Current in Growth process, pond monoculture is topmost cultivate mode.The advantage of this pattern is that breeding way is simple, feeding and management convenient, in young crab survival rate, compared with Gao Shike, obtains good culture benefit.Weak point is that the breeding spaces in pond is not utilized effectively, the performance not yet in effect of cultivation comprehensive benefit, and the culture benefit when young crab survival rate is lower does not have other aquaculture object to be supplemented.

Carp ( cyprinus carpio) belonging to Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, carp belong to, and are that one of main aquaculture object of China is propagated the longest historical fish artificially with the whole world, are also that cultured output ranked third the aquatic products kind of position in the world.Carp is the type ominivore-fish that dwells at the end, and it is food that biology, organic debris etc. are swum in the trip of mainly take in bottom at natural world.In addition, carp also has the advantages such as growth is fast, strong stress resistance, wide adaptability, is to carry out Farmed as Main Species in Ponds and the good object of raising together with.Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color is applicant through the national new variety of aquatic products of continuous seed selection in 12 years (cultivar registration number: GS-01-002-2011), it is nearly 20% that its growth rate has improved before than seed selection, the various water bodies cultivation such as most suitable rice field, pond.

In current culture of Chinese mitten crab process, be absolutely necessary carrier, especially floatability pasture and water (being mainly water peanut) of pasture and water are necessitys in young crab feeding process, and it provides growth, activity and shell place for river crab.Can say water body (pasture and water layer) at the middle and upper levels during river crab mainly lives.Color carp lives in water bottom, and the two is raised together with and can make full use of Water space.In addition, river crab is reptiles, and color carp is swimming type, and both mixing also meet biological integrated ecosystem principle.But also there is certain competitiveness and influence each other in young crab and color carp on feeding habits, bottom space.How to realize both effectively raising together with, build to greatest extent the living space of mutual reciprocity and mutual benefit, reduce mutual flood competition, need the technology of raising together with of novelty.

Summary of the invention

The polyculture method that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of Juvenile Crab Eriocheir sinensis and color carp, it is the robust techniques that applicant grows up in production practices, by the method, can ensure output and the specification that Juvenile Crab Eriocheir sinensis is cultivated, ensure again survival rate and the forming specification of color carp, can better improve the comprehensive productivity effect in pond.

Technical scheme provided by the invention is: the polyculture method of a kind of Juvenile Crab Eriocheir sinensis and color carp, and its step is as follows:

(1) pond condition of raising together with: the depth of water is greater than 50 cm, preferably under juvenile crab, the last week is transplanted water peanut to pond on the pool, and water peanut is thrown in the 1/4-1/3 that area is pond;

(2) juvenile crab is put in a suitable place to breed: juvenile crab choosing desalination 4 to 8 ages in days, and mu stocking rate is 1.0-1.25 kg;

(3) young crab Phase-feeding management: young crab breeding method routinely carries out;

(4) color carp is put in a suitable place to breed: the time of putting in a suitable place to breed must be after V phase son crab, and juvenile crab first descends the pool to put in a suitable place to breed after one month, and stocking rate is every mu and is no more than 10 tails;

(5) feeding and management during raising together with: carry out according to the type of rearing of young crab and method, color carp does not need to do special feeding and management measure.

In above-mentioned (2) step, juvenile crab body colour is light ginger color, variegated without other.

In above-mentioned (4) step, the time of putting in a suitable place to breed of color carp must be after V phase son crab.

In above-mentioned (4) step, the stocking size of color carp is summer flower fingerling.

Tool of the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention is actual with production according to the cultivation feature of Sinensis huge legendary turtle crab children crab, polyculture method and the technology in conjunction with the germplasm feature of color carp, developed, the two is raised together with and takes full advantage of Water space, meets biological integrated ecosystem principle.The inventor has carried out domestic Juvenile Crab Eriocheir sinensis and color carp Polyculture Experiments first in 2013, through inventor's engineering practice of 1 year, in the polycultured ponds of 400 mu, all obtained and raised together with preferably effect and economic benefit, crab kind output is not affected, but specification is more neat, also additionally increased color carp income, improved the comprehensive benefit that young crab is cultivated pond.The present invention has realized both effectively raising together with, and has built to greatest extent the living space of mutual reciprocity and mutual benefit, has reduced mutual flood competition, has set up polyculture method unique, novelty.

Embodiment

The specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

the pond condition of 1, raising together with

Area 2-5 mu, more than the depth of water 50 cm; Pond surrounding and enter discharge outlet and have the anti-facility of escaping of young crab; Under juvenile crab, water peanut, about previous week, is transplanted in the pool to pond, and water peanut is thrown in the 1/4-1/3 that area is about pond, and with the neat fixing water peanut of nylon rope, make the water peanut can not only ordering growth in pond, and can also pond attractive in appearance, the places such as growth, shell are provided for river crab effectively.

2, juvenile crab is put in a suitable place to breed

Juvenile crab is selected the breeding through country's authorization or approval production, and more than desalination 4 ages in days, body colour is light ginger color, variegated without other.Every mu of stocking rate is 1.0-1.25 kg, while putting in a suitable place to breed, juvenile crab evenly should be sprinkled upon on the water surface or pasture and water of pond surrounding.

3, young crab Phase-feeding management

The natural bait that young crab cultivation raising be take in pond is as main, as plankton, water plants, benthon etc.; Suitably add manufactured feed, but manufactured feed throws something and feeds between the lights, the general every mu of 0.25kg of feeding volume.

The water level in young crab stage regulates: along with the river crab number of times increase of casting off a skin is progressively flooded.High temperature season is increased to peak level.The just lower pool: the depth of water keeps 20-30 cm; Shell is abnormal is young crab of I phase: add water 10 cm; II phase son crab: add water 15 cm; III phase son crab: add again water 20-25 cm; V phase son crab: reach peak level 70-80 cm.Water transparence remains on 40-50cm, and dissolved oxygen content is not less than 3.0mg/L.

4, color carp is put in a suitable place to breed

It is key of the present invention that color carp is put in a suitable place to breed, and the time of putting in a suitable place to breed must (being that juvenile crab first descended the pool after one month) just can be put color carp in a suitable place to breed after V phase son crab, otherwise can bring impact to the survival rate of young crab.

The stocking size of color carp is summer flower fingerling (the long 3 centimetres of left and right of body).

The stocking rate of color carp is every mu and is no more than 10 tails, too much meeting and young crab generation food and competition for space.

5, the feeding and management during raising together with

Feeding and management during raising together with is carried out according to the type of rearing of young crab and method, and color carp does not need to do special feeding and management measure.

Bait be take manufactured feed as main, and the general every mu of 0.5-1kg of the feeding volume of beginning, along with young crab growth increases feeding volume gradually, ate up and is advisable with 4 hours.

Water level: along with the river crab number of times increase of casting off a skin is progressively flooded.

Transparency: water transparence is advisable with 40-50cm, when transparency is during lower than 40cm, injects new water.When transparency is during higher than 50cm, suitably increase bio-fertilizer amount of application.Note preventing the generation of blue mud tongue.

Dissolved oxygen: pond water dissolved oxygen content is not less than 5.0mg/L.

In management, adhere to carrying out " four look into ", " four dutys ", " four is fixed " and " four is anti-" work.Four look into.Look into young crab food situation, look into water quality, look into growth, look into the anti-equipment of escaping.Particularly anti-ly escape equipment, at strong wind, when raining heavyly, should check in time, pinpoint the problems, repair at any time, keep Plant in good condition.Four dutys.Be that duty is cut weeds, duty is patrolled the pool, duty is done housekeeping, diligent record.Four is fixed.Be bait throwing in to determine matter, quantitatively, regularly, location.Four is anti-.I.e. anti-harmful organisms invasion and attack, anti-water quality deterioration, anti-young crab and color carp escape, anti-unexpected emergency case.

6, raise together with effect

400 mu of young crabs in the Shanghai Chongming Fukushima aquaculture professional cooperative society in 2013 years are cultivated ponds test, put 1.25 kilograms of juvenile crabs and color carp summer flower 10 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu, raising through approximately 200 days, 130 kilograms of average every mu of results crab kinds, color carp survival rate is more than 90%, and on average specification is 1528.4 grams.The local price of color carp is 15 yuan/kilogram, and average every mu increases income than in the past more than 200 yuan more.

Claims (3)

1. a polyculture method for Juvenile Crab Eriocheir sinensis and color carp, its step is as follows:

(1) pond condition of raising together with: the depth of water is greater than 50 cm, preferably under juvenile crab, the last week is transplanted water peanut to pond on the pool, and water peanut is thrown in the 1/4-1/3 that area is pond;

(2) juvenile crab is put in a suitable place to breed: juvenile crab choosing desalination 4 to 8 ages in days, and mu stocking rate is 1.0-1.25 kg;

(3) young crab Phase-feeding management: young crab breeding method routinely carries out;

(4) color carp is put in a suitable place to breed: the time of putting in a suitable place to breed must be after V phase son crab, and juvenile crab first descends the pool to put in a suitable place to breed after one month, and stocking rate is every mu and is no more than 10 tails;

(5) feeding and management during raising together with: carry out according to the type of rearing of young crab and method, color carp does not need to do special feeding and management measure.

2. polyculture method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in (2) step, juvenile crab body colour is light ginger color, variegated without other.

3. polyculture method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in (4) step, the stocking size of color carp is summer flower fingerling.