CN104026083B - The selection of a kind of high temperature resistant earthworm - Google Patents
The selection of a kind of high temperature resistant earthworm Download PDFInfo
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- CN104026083B CN104026083B CN201410289373.5A CN201410289373A CN104026083B CN 104026083 B CN104026083 B CN 104026083B CN 201410289373 A CN201410289373 A CN 201410289373A CN 104026083 B CN104026083 B CN 104026083B
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Abstract
The selection of a kind of high temperature resistant earthworm, the method is from high temperature resistant candidate's parental line selection, high temperature resistant parent is obtained through high temperature resistant candidate parent high temperature stress, train the steps such as the screening of strong, high temperature resistant parents and high temperature resistant filial generation again through high temperature resistant parent and obtain high temperature resistant hybridization earthworm, repeat above step at least secondary, the high temperature resistant earthworm new varieties of final acquisition.The earthworm new varieties of seed selection of the present invention, compared with common earthworm, can tolerate higher temperature, be conducive to vermiculture; Can compost treatment be directly used in, without the need to by composting material pre fermentation, make Vermicomposting technology have more practicality, be convenient to be applied to production on a large scale.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vermiculture technical field, be specifically related to a kind of selection of high temperature resistant earthworm kind.
Background technology
Earthworm is common a kind of Lu Sheng annelids, lives in soil, hides by day and comes out at night, and with feces of livestock and poultry and debirs rubbish for food, together swallows together with earth, also the fragment such as cauline leaf of feeding plant.Earthworm can make loosing soil, improvement soil, build up fertility, and promotes agricultural produce; The organic waste of decomposable asymmetric choice net human being's production, makes it to become inorganic matter, for utilizations such as plants; Feed, food and medicinal material can also be made, very large to the benefit of the mankind.So many countries in the world comprise China all in utilization and the cultivation cause of Efforts To Develop earthworm.
Earthworm is poikilotherm, and body temperature changes along with the change of ambient temperature.Therefore, earthworm is generally more remarkable than homeothermal animal to the dependence of environment, and environmental temperature not only affects body temperature and the activity of earthworm, also affects the metabolism of earthworm, Development and reproduction etc., and temperature also produces larger impact to other living condition, thus remote-effects earthworm.In general, the active temperature of earthworm is within the scope of 5-30 DEG C, and 0-5 DEG C enters resting state, and less than 0 DEG C dead, and optimum temperature is 20-27 DEG C, now can grow preferably and breed; During 28-30 DEG C, can maintain certain growth, when more than 32 DEG C, growth stops, and when less than 10 DEG C, activity is blunt, dead when more than 40 DEG C, the suitableeest 18-27 DEG C of earthworm cocoon hatching.Earthworm has the habit that significantly fear is cold and hot.Therefore, to temperature control be paid special attention to during vermiculture, thus improve aquaculture cost.
Vermicomposting in natural ecosystems, has according to earthworm the biologic treating technique promoting the basis of the function that organic material decomposition transforms grows up in recent years.Owing to containing higher organic matter in house refuse, in composting process, microbial decomposition organic matter produces a large amount of heats.Generally addicted to warm microbes, compost temperature is elevated to 30-40 DEG C, compost temperature can be elevated to 50-60 DEG C by thermophilic microorganism, even more than 70 DEG C.And earthworm belongs to the cold and hot animal of fear, therefore current Vermicomposting method is all carry out in two steps, first uses fermentable, and then utilizes earthworm decomposition and inversion organic.Thus cause composting cycle longer.If select the high temperature resistant earthworm of tolerance more than 40 DEG C temperature, Vermicomposting method just can adopt process house refuse addicted to warm microorganism in conjunction with high temperature resistant earthworm simultaneously, and composting cycle is shortened.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provides the selection of a kind of high temperature resistant earthworm, can obtain high temperature resistant earthworm new varieties by the method.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the selection of a kind of high temperature resistant earthworm, and the method step is as follows:
(1) screening of high temperature resistant candidate parent: it is hatch 15-20 days in the earthworm incubator of 32-40 DEG C that the earthworm cocoon of zones of different different cultivars is put into base temperature by every case 2000-3000 grain, choose incubation rate higher than 50% kind as high temperature resistant candidate parent;
(2) high temperature stress of high temperature resistant candidate parent: high temperature resistant candidate parent children earthworm high for the hatching vigor of 15-20 days being placed in base temperature is that 3-5 days cultivated by the incubator of 35-45 DEG C, vigor of choosing is high, the earthworm that grows fine is as high temperature resistant parent;
(3) training of high temperature resistant parent is strengthened: the high temperature resistant parent earthworm chosen being placed in base temperature is that the incubator of 28-32 DEG C cultivates 3-4 month, until there is endless belt to occur, for subsequent use;
(4) a high temperature resistant parent's intermolecular hybrid: to choose large, that body is strong earthworm from through training strong high temperature resistant parent, it is that 60-90 days is raised in the earthworm blake bottle hybridization of 30-35 DEG C that combination of two puts into base temperature;
(5) screening of high temperature resistant filial generation: collect the earthworm cocoon that earthworm is raised in hybridization respectively, be placed in incubator, hatch 15-20 days at base temperature is 32-40 DEG C, is then 40-45 DEG C at base temperature and cultivates 15-20 days; Each hybridization is that F1 generation sequentially arranges from small to large by lethality, and robust growth, lethality are less than 50%, and the hybridization system of rank top ten is defined as high temperature resistant hybridization system;
(6) acquisition of high temperature resistant earthworm: using high temperature resistant hybridization be earthworm as high temperature resistant candidate parent, repeat step (2)-(5) at least 2 times, finally select high temperature resistant earthworm.
Candidate parent by first screening resistant to elevated temperatures candidate parent, then is carried out high temperature stress by the present invention, selects high temperature resistant parent; Then hybridize between two after high temperature resistant parent being cultivated stalwartness, obtain filial generation; Again filial generation is carried out high temperature resistant screening, the resistant to elevated temperatures earthworm new varieties of final acquisition.The earthworm new varieties of seed selection of the present invention, compared with common earthworm, can tolerate higher temperature, be conducive to vermiculture.
So, the present invention has following characteristics: (1) equipment is simple: only need simple earthworm incubator, blake bottle and temperature controlling instruments, without the need to complex precise instrument.(2) easy to operate: relate to step and be the basic step of raising earthworm, the personnel raising earthworm all can implement.(3) earthworm of seed selection strengthens the adaptability of high temperature, can be directly used in compost treatment, without the need to by composting material pre fermentation, can simplify Vermicomposting step, makes Vermicomposting technology have more practicality, is convenient to be applied to production on a large scale.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described by following examples, but be not limited to any one or similar example of these embodiments.
(1) the earthworm cocoon of wild earthworm, artificial feeding earthworm is put in the earthworm incubator of 60 × 40 × 30cm by every case 2000-3000 grain, in incubator, base temperature is 35 DEG C, hatch 16 days, choose incubation rate higher than 50% kind as high temperature resistant candidate parent; Picked out by the young earthworm of high temperature resistant candidate parent high for vigor, be placed in incubator, cultivation temperature is set to 40 DEG C, cultivates 4 days; The earthworm therefrom reject dead and that vigor is not high earthworm again, vigor of choosing is high, growing fine is as high temperature resistant parent, and to be placed in base temperature be that the incubator of 30 DEG C cultivates 3-4 individual month, until there is endless belt to occur; To choose large, that body is strong earthworm, it is that the earthworm blake bottle of 32 DEG C hybridizes raising 80 days that combination of two puts into base temperature; Collect the earthworm cocoon that earthworm is raised in hybridization respectively, be placed in incubator, hatch 16 days at base temperature is 35 DEG C, then cultivate 18 days at base temperature is 42 DEG C.Each hybridization is that F1 generation sequentially arranges from small to large by lethality, and robust growth, lethality are less than 50%, and the hybridization system of rank top ten is defined as high temperature resistant hybridization system.
(2) using this high temperature resistant hybridization be earthworm as high temperature resistant candidate parent, picked out by high for the hatching vigor of 16 days high temperature resistant candidate parent children earthworm, be placed in incubator, cultivation temperature is set to 40 DEG C, cultivates 4 days; The earthworm therefrom reject dead and that vigor is not high earthworm again, vigor of choosing is high, growing fine is as high temperature resistant parent, and to be placed in base temperature be that the incubator of 30 DEG C cultivates 3-4 individual month, until there is endless belt to occur; To choose large, that body is strong earthworm, it is that the earthworm blake bottle of 32 DEG C hybridizes raising 80 days that combination of two puts into base temperature; Collect the earthworm cocoon that earthworm is raised in hybridization respectively, be placed in incubator, hatch 16 days at base temperature is 35 DEG C, then cultivate 18 days at base temperature is 42 DEG C.Each hybridization is sequentially arrange from small to large by lethality in F2 generation, robust growth, lethality are less than 50%, and the hybridization system of rank top ten is defined as high temperature resistant hybridization system.
(3) repetition above-mentioned steps (2) is the high temperature resistant hybridization defined F3 generation from the hybridization obtained is that earthworm is high temperature resistant earthworm new varieties.
Claims (1)
1. a selection for high temperature resistant earthworm, is characterized in that, the method step is as follows:
(1) screening of high temperature resistant candidate parent: it is hatch 15-20 days in the earthworm incubator of 32-40 DEG C that the earthworm cocoon of zones of different different cultivars is put into base temperature by every case 2000-3000 grain, choose incubation rate higher than 50% kind as high temperature resistant candidate parent;
(2) high temperature stress of high temperature resistant candidate parent: high temperature resistant candidate parent children earthworm high for the hatching vigor of 15-20 days being placed in base temperature is that 3-5 days cultivated by the incubator of 35-45 DEG C, vigor of choosing is high, the earthworm that grows fine is as high temperature resistant parent;
(3) training of high temperature resistant parent is strengthened: the high temperature resistant parent earthworm chosen being placed in base temperature is that the incubator of 28-32 DEG C cultivates 3-4 month, until there is endless belt to occur, for subsequent use;
(4) a high temperature resistant parent's intermolecular hybrid: to choose large, that body is strong earthworm from through training strong high temperature resistant parent, it is that 60-90 days is raised in the earthworm blake bottle hybridization of 30-35 DEG C that combination of two puts into base temperature;
(5) screening of high temperature resistant filial generation: collect the earthworm cocoon that earthworm is raised in hybridization respectively, be placed in incubator, hatch 15-20 days at base temperature is 32-40 DEG C, is then 40-45 DEG C at base temperature and cultivates 15-20 days; Each hybridization is that F1 generation sequentially arranges from small to large by lethality, and robust growth, lethality are less than 50%, and the hybridization system of rank top ten is defined as high temperature resistant hybridization system;
(6) acquisition of high temperature resistant earthworm: using high temperature resistant hybridization be earthworm as high temperature resistant candidate parent, repeat step (2)-(5) at least 2 times, finally select high temperature resistant earthworm.
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| CN115885932A (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-04-04 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | Method for directionally breeding high-temperature resistant corpus luteum strain of gelechiid smith |
| CN116391680A (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-07-07 | 生物源生物技术（深圳）股份有限公司 | High/low temperature resistant domestication method for hermetia illucens larvae |
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