CN104020893A - 一种内嵌式触摸屏及显示装置 - Google Patents

一种内嵌式触摸屏及显示装置 Download PDF

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CN104020893A
CN104020893A CN201410240043.7A CN201410240043A CN104020893A CN 104020893 A CN104020893 A CN 104020893A CN 201410240043 A CN201410240043 A CN 201410240043A CN 104020893 A CN104020893 A CN 104020893A
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self
capacitance electrode
touch
layer
screen
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CN104020893B (zh
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刘英明
董学
薛海林
王海生
王磊
杨盛际
刘红娟
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to EP14861119.7A priority patent/EP3153946B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2014/087003 priority patent/WO2015180312A1/zh
Priority to US14/443,561 priority patent/US9519374B2/en
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种内嵌式触摸屏及显示装置,利用自电容的原理设置多个同层且相互独立的自电容电极,触控侦测芯片在触控时间段通过检测各自电容电极的电容值变化可以判断出触控位置,自电容电极与将其连接至触控侦测芯片的导线异层设置,两者之间设置层间绝缘层,各自电容电极通过贯穿层间绝缘层的过孔与导线电性相连,并且在层间绝缘层中位于各自电容电极与不相连的导线的交叠区域设置假过孔,即层间绝缘层在自电容电极与除电性相连的导线以外导线的交叠区域设置凹陷部。通过在层间绝缘层中增加与过孔匹配的假过孔,保证了整个显示区域的图形均一性,从而提高触摸屏显示画面的均一性。

Description

一种内嵌式触摸屏及显示装置
技术领域
本发明涉及触控技术领域,尤其涉及一种内嵌式触摸屏及显示装置。
背景技术
随着显示技术的飞速发展,触摸屏(Touch Screen Panel)已经逐渐遍及人们的生活中。目前,触摸屏按照组成结构可以分为:外挂式触摸屏(Add on ModeTouch Panel)、覆盖表面式触摸屏(On Cell Touch Panel)、以及内嵌式触摸屏(InCell Touch Panel)。其中,外挂式触摸屏是将触摸屏与液晶显示屏(Liquid CrystalDisplay,LCD)分开生产,然后贴合到一起成为具有触摸功能的液晶显示屏,外挂式触摸屏存在制作成本较高、光透过率较低、模组较厚等缺点。而内嵌式触摸屏将触摸屏的触控电极内嵌在液晶显示屏内部,可以减薄模组整体的厚度,又可以大大降低触摸屏的制作成本,受到各大面板厂家青睐。
目前,现有的内嵌(In cell)式触摸屏是利用互电容或自电容的原理实现检测手指触摸位置。其中,利用自电容的原理可以在触摸屏中设置多个同层设置且相互绝缘的自电容电极,当人体未触碰屏幕时,各自电容电极所承受的电容为一固定值,当人体触碰屏幕时,对应的自电容电极所承受的电容为固定值叠加人体电容,触控侦测芯片在触控时间段通过检测各自电容电极的电容值变化可以判断出触控位置。由于人体电容可以作用于全部自电容,相对于人体电容仅能作用于互电容中的投射电容,由人体碰触屏幕所引起的触控变化量会大于利用互电容原理制作出的触摸屏,因此,相对于互电容的触摸屏能有效提高触控的信噪比,从而提高触控感应的准确性。
在上述内嵌式触摸屏中,为了将自电容电极与触控侦测芯片连接,一般会设置与自电容电极对应连接的导线。具体地,可以将导线与自电容电极的图形设置在同一膜层,也可以将导线与自电容电极的图形异层设置。其中,将导线和自电容电极同层设置虽然可以避免增加新的构图工艺,但是,将自电容电极和导线同层设置会形成触控盲区,在触控盲区内连接多个自电容电极的导线均经过该触控盲区,因此,在这个触控盲区内的信号相对比较紊乱,也就是在该区域内的触控性能无法保证。基于上述考虑,在具体实施时,如图1所示,一般将导线1和自电容电极2异层设置,且通过过孔3将两者相连接。
从图1中可以看出,连接自电容电极与对应的导线的过孔在整个显示区域分布并不均匀,这会影响到触摸屏显示画面的整体均一性。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明实施例提供了一种内嵌式触摸屏及显示装置,用以提高触摸屏显示画面的均一性。
因此,本发明实施例提供的一种内嵌式触摸屏,包括相对而置的上基板和下基板,多个同层设置且相互独立的自电容电极,在触控时间段通过检测各所述自电容电极的电容值变化以判断触控位置的触控侦测芯片,以及将所述自电容电极连接至所述触控侦测芯片的多条导线;
各所述自电容电极与各所述导线位于所述上基板面向所述下基板的一侧,或位于所述下基板面向所述上基板的一侧;
各所述自电容电极与各所述导线异层设置,且所述自电容电极与所述导线之间具有层间绝缘层;
各所述自电容电极通过贯穿所述层间绝缘层的过孔与导线电性相连,所述层间绝缘层在各所述自电容电极与除电性相连的导线以外导线的交叠区域具有凹陷部。
本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏,利用自电容的原理设置多个同层且相互独立的自电容电极,触控侦测芯片在触控时间段通过检测各自电容电极的电容值变化可以判断出触控位置,自电容电极与将其连接至触控侦测芯片的导线异层设置,两者之间设置层间绝缘层,各自电容电极通过贯穿层间绝缘层的过孔与导线电性相连,并且在层间绝缘层中位于各自电容电极与不相连的导线的交叠区域设置假过孔,即层间绝缘层在自电容电极与除电性相连的导线以外导线的交叠区域设置凹陷部。通过在层间绝缘层中增加与过孔匹配的假过孔,保证了整个显示区域的图形均一性,从而提高触摸屏显示画面的均一性。
在一种可能的实现方式中,在本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏中,所述过孔与所述凹陷部的截面形状一致,且在所述层间绝缘层中均匀分布。
在一种可能的实现方式中,在本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏中,各所述自电容电极组成位于所述下基板面向所述上基板一侧的公共电极层;所述触控侦测芯片用于在显示时间段对各自电容电极加载公共电极信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中,在本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏中,各所述自电容电极与所述下基板上的像素电极同层设置,且各所述自电容电极的图形位于相邻的两个所述像素电极的间隙处。
在一种可能的实现方式中,在本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏中,还包括:设置于所述下基板与所述自电容电极所在层之间的相互交叉而置的栅极信号线和数据信号线;相邻的两条栅极信号线和数据信号线围成一像素;
所述导线的延伸方向与所述栅极信号线相同,或与所述数据信号线相同。
在一种可能的实现方式中,在本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏中,以每相邻的两行像素为一个像素组,在该两行像素之间设置有两条栅极信号线分别为该两行像素提供栅极扫描信号;
所述导线设置在相邻的像素组之间的间隙处,且与所述栅极信号线同层设置。
在一种可能的实现方式中,在本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏中,所述栅极信号线所在层位于所述数据信号线所在层与所述下基板之间;
还包括:与所述数据信号线同层设置的第一导通部和第二导通部;
所述自电容电极与对应的导线分别与所述第一导通部电性相连;
所述自电容电极通过所述凹陷部与所述第二导通部电性相连,各所述导线与所述第二导通部相互绝缘。
在一种可能的实现方式中,在本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏中,相邻行的像素之间设置有两条栅极信号线;且每相邻的两列像素为一个像素组,共用一条位于该两列像素之间的数据信号线;
所述导线设置在相邻的像素组之间的间隙处,且与所述数据信号线同层设置。
本发明实施例提供的一种显示装置,包括本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏。
附图说明
图1为现有的自电容电极与导线之间的连接关系示意图;
图2a和图2b分别为本发明实施例提供的内嵌式触摸屏的结构示意图;
图3为本发明实施例提供的内嵌式触摸屏中自电容电极与导线之间的连接关系示意图;
图4a和图4b分别为本发明实施例提供的内嵌式触摸屏的驱动时序示意图;
图5和图6分别为本发明实施例提供的内嵌式触摸屏的俯视示意图;
图7为本发明实施例提供的内嵌式触摸屏的侧视示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图,对本发明实施例提供的内嵌式触摸屏及显示装置的具体实施方式进行详细地说明。
附图中各膜层的厚度和形状不反映真实比例,目的只是示意说明本发明内容。
本发明实施例提供的一种内嵌式触摸屏,如图2a和图2b所示,包括相对而置的上基板01和下基板02,多个同层设置且相互独立的自电容电极03,在触控时间段通过检测各自电容电极03的电容值变化以判断触控位置的触控侦测芯片04,以及将自电容电极03连接至触控侦测芯片04的多条导线05;其中,
各自电容电极03与各导线05位于上基板01面向下基板02的一侧,或位于下基板02面向上基板01的一侧;在图2a和图2b中示出了自电容电极03与导线05设置在下基板02面向上基板01的一侧的结构;
各自电容电极03与各导线05异层设置,且自电容电极03与导线05之间具有层间绝缘层06;
各自电容电极03通过贯穿层间绝缘层06的过孔A与导线05电性相连,层间绝缘层06在各自电容电极03与除电性相连的导线05以外导线05的交叠区域具有凹陷部B。
本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏,利用自电容的原理设置多个同层且相互独立的自电容电极03,触控侦测芯片04在触控时间段通过检测各自电容电极03的电容值变化可以判断出触控位置,自电容电极03与将其连接至触控侦测芯片04的导线05异层设置,两者之间设置层间绝缘层06,各自电容电极03通过贯穿层间绝缘层06的过孔A与导线05电性相连,并且在层间绝缘层06中位于各自电容电极03与不相连的导线05的交叠区域设置假过孔,即层间绝缘层06在自电容电极03与除电性相连的导线05以外导线05的交叠区域设置凹陷部B。通过在层间绝缘层06中增加与过孔A匹配的假过孔,保证了整个显示区域的图形均一性,从而提高触摸屏显示画面的均一性。
需要说明的是,在本发明实施例提供的上述触摸屏中,在自电容电极03和导线05之间设置的层间绝缘层06可以由多层绝缘层组成,也可以由一层绝缘层组成,在此不做限定。其中,层间绝缘层06中设置的过孔A是指贯穿组成层间绝缘层06的各层绝缘层的孔洞,层间绝缘层06中设置的凹陷部B是指没有贯穿层间绝缘层06的凹槽。
进一步地,为了保证触摸屏显示区域的图形均一性,在制作层间绝缘层06中的过孔A和凹陷部B时,可以将两者的截面形状设计为相同的,例如可以设计为直径大小相同的圆形,并且,一般地,将过孔A和凹陷部在层间绝缘层06中设计为均匀分布,如图3所示。
在具体实施时,本发明实施例提供的上述触摸屏,既适用于扭转向列(Twisted Nematic,TN)型液晶显示屏,也适用于高级超维场开关(AdwancedDimension Switch,ADS)型液晶显示屏和平面内开关(In-Plane Switch,IPS)型液晶显示屏。
进一步地,在本发明实例提供的上述触摸屏应用于传统ADS型液晶面板时,公共电极层作为板状电极位于下层(更靠近衬底基板),像素电极作为狭缝电极位于上层(更靠近液晶层),即公共电极层位于像素电极与下基板之间,并且,在像素电极和公共电极层之间一般设有绝缘层。而应用于HADS型液晶面板时,像素电极作为板状电极位于下层(更靠近衬底基板),公共电极层作为狭缝电极位于上层(更靠近液晶层),即像素电极位于公共电极层与下基板之间,并且,在像素电极和公共电极层之间一般还设有绝缘层。
当本发明实施例提供的上述触摸屏应用于ADS型液晶屏时,在具体实施时,本发明实施例提供的上述触摸屏,如图2a所示,可以采用下基板02中的公共电极层07复用自电容电极03,即各自电容电极03组成位于下基板02面向上基板01一侧的公共电极层07,并且,在显示时间段触控侦测芯片04还用于对各自电容电极03加载公共电极信号;在将公共电极层07的结构进行变更分割成自电容电极03以实现触控功能时,在现有的阵列基板制备工艺的基础上,不需要增加额外的工艺,可以节省生产成本,提高生产效率。
或者,在具体实施时,在本发明实施例提供的上述触摸屏中,如图2b所示还可以在各像素电极08的间隙处设置与像素电极08同层设置的自电容电极03,即各自电容电极03与下基板02上的像素电极08同层设置,且各自电容电极03的图形位于相邻的两个像素电极08的间隙处,在将像素电极层的结构进行变更在各像素电极08原有的间隙处形成自电容电极03时,在现有的阵列基板制备工艺的基础上,也不需要增加额外的工艺,可以节省生产成本,提高生产效率。
具体地,根据上述触摸屏具体应用的液晶显示面板的模式,当采用公共电极层07复用各自电容电极03时,各自电容电极03在与像素的开口区域对应的位置可以具有狭缝状ITO电极结构或板状ITO电极结构,即在HADS模式时各自电容电极03由狭缝状ITO电极组成;具体地,所述狭缝状ITO电极结构为在像素的开口区域具有狭缝的ITO电极。在ADS模式时各自电容电极03由板状ITO电极组成以满足液晶显示的需求,此时自电容电极03可以透过像素电极层08的狭缝区域与人体电场相互作用。由于ADS模式和HADS模式的液晶面板的具体结构属于现有技术,在此不再赘述。
一般地,触摸屏的密度通常在毫米级,因此,在具体实施时,可以根据所需的触控密度选择各自电容电极03的密度和所占面积以保证所需的触控密度,通常各自电容电极03设计为5mm*5mm左右的方形电极。而显示屏的密度通常在微米级,因此,一般一个自电容电极03会对应显示屏中的多个像素单元。
在本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏中,当采用将现有的整层设置在下基板02上的公共电极层07分割成多个自电容电极03时,为了不影响正常的显示功能,在对公共电极层07进行分割时,分割线一般都会避开显示的开口区域,设置在黑矩阵层的图形区域,即各自电容电极03之间的间隙在下基板02上的正投影一般会位于下基板02的像素单元的间隙处。
或者,在本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏中,将自电容电极03的图形是设置在各像素电极08的间隙处时,一般是各自电容电极03的图形设置为以像素电极08作为网孔的网格状结构。
具体地,在本发明实施例提供的上述触摸屏中不管是采用公共电极层07复用作为自电容电极03,还是在像素电极08的间隙处设置自电容电极03,为了减少显示和触控信号之间的相互干扰,在具体实施时,需要采用触控和显示阶段分时驱动的方式,并且,在具体实施时还可以将显示驱动芯片和触控侦测芯片整合为一个芯片,进一步降低生产成本。
具体地,例如:如图4a和图4b所示的驱动时序图中,将触摸屏显示每一帧(V-sync)的时间分成显示时间段(Display)和触控时间段(Touch),例如如图4a和图4b所示的驱动时序图中触摸屏的显示一帧的时间为16.7ms,选取其中5ms作为触控时间段,其他的11.7ms作为显示时间段,当然也可以根据IC芯片的处理能力适当的调整两者的时长,在此不做具体限定。在显示时间段(Display),对触摸屏中的每条栅极信号线Gate1,Gate2……Gate n依次施加栅扫描信号,对数据信号线Data施加灰阶信号;当采用公共电极层复用自电容电极时,与各自电容电极Cx1……Cx n连接的触控侦测芯片向各自电容电极Cx1……Cx n分别施加公共电极信号,以实现液晶显示功能。在触控时间段(Touch),如图4a所示,与各自电容电极Cx1……Cx n连接的触控侦测芯片向各自电容电极Cx1……Cx n同时施加驱动信号,同时接收各自电容电极Cx1……Cx n的反馈信号;也可以如图4b所示,与各自电容电极Cx1……Cx n连接的触控侦测芯片向各自电容电极Cx1……Cx n依次施加驱动信号,分别接收各自电容电极Cx1……Cx n的反馈信号,在此不做限定,通过对反馈信号的分析判断是否发生触控,以实现触控功能。
进一步地,在本发明实施例提供的上述触摸屏中,如图5和图6所示,一般还包括:设置于下基板02面向上基板01的一侧的相互交叉而置的栅极信号线09和数据信号线10,相邻的两条栅极信号线09和数据信号线10围成一像素。
为了便于通过导线05将自电容电极03与触控侦测芯片04连接,一般导线05的延伸方向设置为与栅极信号线09相同,或与数据信号线10相同。即一般各导线05的延伸方向均一致。
进一步地,在本发明实施例提供的触摸屏中,为了尽可能的不增加新的膜层,保证生产效率和降低生产成本,在具体实施时,可以将与自电容电极03连接的导线05与栅极信号线09同层设置,或与数据信号线10同层设置。
具体地,一种可能的实施方式为:如图5所示,在下基板02上,以每相邻的两行像素为一个像素组,在该两行像素之间设置有两条栅极信号线09分别为该两行像素提供栅极扫描信号。通过变更相邻两行像素之间的栅极信号线09和TFT开关的位置,可以节省出相邻像素组之间栅极信号线09的位置。这样,如图5所示,就可以将导线05设置在相邻的像素组之间的间隙处,且与栅极信号线09同层设置。
具体地,一般在下基板02的制作过程中,栅极信号线09一般和TFT中的栅极Gate同层制备,数据信号线10一般与TFT中的源漏极SD同层制备,而栅极信号线09所在层一般位于数据信号线10所在层与下基板02之间。若采用位于像素电极层或公共电极层07复用自电容电极03时,可以看出,在自电容电极03与连接的导线05之间具有多个膜层,自电容电极03需要通过贯穿这些膜层的过孔与位于底层的导线05连接,在具体实施时,以采用公共电极层07复用自电容电极03在下基板02中,如图7所示,还可以包括:与数据信号线10同层设置的第一导通部101和第二导通部102(图7中未示出数据信号线10的图形,但示出了与数据信号线10同层设置的源漏极的图形);其中,自电容电极03与对应的导线05分别与第一导通部101电性相连;自电容电极03通过凹陷部B与第二导通部102电性相连,各导线05与第二导通部102相互绝缘。
具体地,与数据信号线10同层设置的第一导通部101可以保证自电容电极03和导线05之间能更好的上下连接,而与数据信号线10同层设置的第二导通部102,通过层间绝缘层06中的凹陷部B与自电容电极03导通后,一方面可以降低自电容电极03的方阻,另一方面可以防止在制作层间绝缘层06的凹陷部时过量刻蚀而导致不必要的层间绝缘层06刻穿,从而使不应相连的自电容电极03与导线05之间的电性相连,即第二导通部102起到了层间绝缘层06的刻蚀阻挡作用。
具体地,另一种可能的实施方式为:如图6所示,采用双栅结构,在下基板02上,在相邻行的像素之间均设置两条栅极信号线09;且每相邻的两列像素设为一个像素组,共用一条位于该两列像素之间的数据信号线10。通过增加一倍栅极信号线09的数量,可以节省出相邻像素组之间数据信号线10的位置。这样,如图6所示,就可以将导线05设置在相邻的像素组之间的间隙处,且与数据信号线10同层设置。
具体地,由于像素电极层一般由ITO材料制成,而ITO材料的电阻较高,为了最大限度的降低其电阻,提高各自电容电极03传递电信号的信噪比,可以将自电容电极03与对应的导线05通过多个过孔电性相连。相当于将ITO电极和多个由导线组成的金属电阻并联,这样能最大限度的减少电极的电阻,从而提高电极传递信号时的信噪比。
并且,在具体实施时,可以采用现有的任意种构图流程制作下基板02上的各膜层,例如可以采用8次构图工艺:栅极和栅线构图→有源层构图→第一绝缘层构图→数据线和源漏极构图→树脂层构图→像素电极构图→第二绝缘层构图→公共电极层构图;当然也可以根据实际设计,采用7次构图工艺、6次构图工艺或5次构图工艺,在此不做限定。
基于同一发明构思,本发明实施例还提供了一种显示装置,包括本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏,该显示装置可以为:手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。该显示装置的实施可以参见上述内嵌式触摸屏的实施例,重复之处不再赘述。
本发明实施例提供的上述内嵌式触摸屏及显示装置,利用自电容的原理设置多个同层且相互独立的自电容电极,触控侦测芯片在触控时间段通过检测各自电容电极的电容值变化可以判断出触控位置,自电容电极与将其连接至触控侦测芯片的导线异层设置,两者之间设置层间绝缘层,各自电容电极通过贯穿层间绝缘层的过孔与导线电性相连,并且在层间绝缘层中位于各自电容电极与不相连的导线的交叠区域设置假过孔,即层间绝缘层在自电容电极与除电性相连的导线以外导线的交叠区域设置凹陷部。通过在层间绝缘层中增加与过孔匹配的假过孔,保证了整个显示区域的图形均一性,从而提高触摸屏显示画面的均一性。
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (9)

1.一种内嵌式触摸屏,包括相对而置的上基板和下基板,多个同层设置且相互独立的自电容电极,在触控时间段通过检测各所述自电容电极的电容值变化以判断触控位置的触控侦测芯片,以及将所述自电容电极连接至所述触控侦测芯片的多条导线,其特征在于:
各所述自电容电极与各所述导线位于所述上基板面向所述下基板的一侧,或位于所述下基板面向所述上基板的一侧;
各所述自电容电极与各所述导线异层设置,且所述自电容电极与所述导线之间具有层间绝缘层;
各所述自电容电极通过贯穿所述层间绝缘层的过孔与导线电性相连,所述层间绝缘层在各所述自电容电极与除电性相连的导线以外导线的交叠区域具有凹陷部。
2.如权利要求1所述的内嵌式触摸屏,其特征在于,所述过孔与所述凹陷部的截面形状一致,且在所述层间绝缘层中均匀分布。
3.如权利要求1所述的内嵌式触摸屏,其特征在于,各所述自电容电极组成位于所述下基板面向所述上基板一侧的公共电极层;所述触控侦测芯片用于在显示时间段对各自电容电极加载公共电极信号。
4.如权利要求1所述的内嵌式触摸屏,其特征在于,各所述自电容电极与所述下基板上的像素电极同层设置,且各所述自电容电极的图形位于相邻的两个所述像素电极的间隙处。
5.如权利要求3或4所述的内嵌式触摸屏,其特征在于,还包括:设置于所述下基板与所述自电容电极所在层之间的相互交叉而置的栅极信号线和数据信号线;相邻的两条栅极信号线和数据信号线围成一像素;
所述导线的延伸方向与所述栅极信号线相同,或与所述数据信号线相同。
6.如权利要求5所述的内嵌式触摸屏,其特征在于,以每相邻的两行像素为一个像素组,在该两行像素之间设置有两条栅极信号线分别为该两行像素提供栅极扫描信号;
所述导线设置在相邻的像素组之间的间隙处,且与所述栅极信号线同层设置。
7.如权利要求6所述的内嵌式触摸屏,其特征在于,所述栅极信号线所在层位于所述数据信号线所在层与所述下基板之间;
还包括:与所述数据信号线同层设置的第一导通部和第二导通部;
所述自电容电极与对应的导线分别与所述第一导通部电性相连;
所述自电容电极通过所述凹陷部与所述第二导通部电性相连,各所述导线与所述第二导通部相互绝缘。
8.如权利要求5所述的内嵌式触摸屏,其特征在于,相邻行的像素之间设置有两条栅极信号线;且每相邻的两列像素为一个像素组,共用一条位于该两列像素之间的数据信号线;
所述导线设置在相邻的像素组之间的间隙处,且与所述数据信号线同层设置。
9.一种显示装置,其特征在于,包括如权利要求1-8任一项所述的内嵌式触摸屏。
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