CN104017583A - Soil conditioner for saline water irrigation of saline-alkali land facility vegetables - Google Patents
Soil conditioner for saline water irrigation of saline-alkali land facility vegetables Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil conditioner for saline water irrigation of saline-alkali land facility vegetables. The soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials: 30-43% of inorganic calcium preparation, 15-28% of organic preparation, 20-33% of mineral preparation, 10-23% of additive, 7-20% of nutrient and 5-13% of steam reduction agent. After the soil conditioner for saline water irrigation of saline-alkali land facility vegetables is fertilized into soil, accumulation of salt in irrigation saline water in the soil can be reduced, sodium ions and chloride ions are promoted to be discharged out of the soil or even soil body at the crop root layer along with the irrigation water, the ratio of the sodium ions and the chloride ions in salt ion chemical components of the soil is reduced, the soil structure is improved, water retention and steam reduction are achieved, the soil permeability is increased, and meanwhile, the soil conditioner has significant effects on promotion of nutrient absorption and growth of facility vegetables, improvement of salt resistance, and improvement of the quality of the saline-alkali land facility vegetables.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture field, relate to particularly the soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water.
Background technology
The development of coastland industrialized agriculture is very fast, but the factors such as Freshwater resources shortage, the soil salinization badly influence the economic return of industrialized agriculture.Coastal installation agricultural is mainly vegetables, flowers, production of fruit trees, and particularly vegetables water of productive use amount is very large.The long-term underground fresh-water resource that relies on has threatened ecological safety, and at present, how excess exploitation deep fresh groundwater is forming groundwater depression.The utilization of the unconventional water resources such as salt water or recirculated water is to alleviate Freshwater resources to lack, suppress one of further feasible way expanding of groundwater depression.Though the underground slightly salty in coastland, salt water aboundresources, be housed in shallow-layer, water quality inferiority.For example Binhai New Area in Tianjin compared with about deep phreatic water salinity 2.0g/L, in water, all contain soda salt, sodium ion accounts for 65%～85% of positively charged ion total amount, pH8.0～8.6, Gao Zheke reaches more than 9.0; Shallow salt groundwater and slightly salty salinity 5g/L～20g/L, underground water chlorion accounts for negatively charged ion total amount 80%～95%, and sodium ion accounts for positively charged ion total amount 70%～80%.Directly utilize slightly salty or salt water to irrigate, can cause salinity poly-at upper soll layer and the each lamination of the soil body, and make salting of soil, further cause soil physical chemistry proterties to worsen.For example, soil aggregate is poor, and soil compaction, permeability coefficient is low, infiltration is difficult, and air permeability is poor, and soil pH is high, and soil salt content is high and salt ion composition is unreasonable, and sodium ion, chlorion are higher year by year.The competition of excessive sodium ion, makes plant reduce the absorption of potassium, phosphorus and other nutritive elements, and the transfer of phosphorus also can be suppressed, thereby affects the nutritional status of plant.Arid season, topsoil salinity excess accumulation, too much solubility salt, causes the physiological drought of plant, plant easily arid is withered; Salinity excess accumulation in plant tissue, can make protoplasma be injured, and protein synthesis is obstructed, and nitrogenous mesostate accumulation, causes cytotoxic etc.The high inhibition of Soil Chlorine ion content plant-growth, particularly reduces commercialization part quality and the economic worth of plant.Therefore, utilize salt water must take measures to reduce the impact of salt pair soil, crop in salt water.
Saltings facilities vegetable salt water utilizes measure will consider the factors such as soil under the facility condition of saltings, miniclimate, vegetable growth, water feature.Temperature in Greenhouse is high, steam output is large, is unfavorable for that soil salt is to deep percolation, and vegetables are shallow root crop, the general pedosphere at 30cm.
The method that reduce domestic soil salt gathers and technology are summed up roughly as follows: (1) is physically improved.Level land, deep plough sun the earth which has been ploughed up, loosen the soil in time, raise landform, microcell is improved the soil.(2) water conservancy improvement.Fill with deploying cover, storage fresh water on saline alkali land for leaching, washing salinity by irrigation, underground salt discharge.(3) chemical modifying.Gypsum, phosphogypsum, calcium superphosphate, humic acid, peat, fermentation acid-sludge etc.(4) biological modification.Rice cultivation, plantation salt-tolerant plant Tian Qing etc., use microbial-bacterial fertilizer etc.At present, the soil improvement agent of soil salinization chemical harnessing is more, as gypsum, calcium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, trade waste phosphogypsum, industrial waste acid, fertilizer, detritus acid, flyash, peat, fermentation acid-sludge etc., these have all obtained certain effect to improvement saltings, relatively more conventional is fertilizer, gypsum, and wherein gypsum is with Ca
2+displacement Na
+and improved saltings by sour neutralization bases.
But above-mentioned chemical improvement agent is mainly used in the crops such as the wheat, corn, cotton in land for growing field crops, has no report as for being specifically designed to saltings facilities vegetable, the particularly soil conditioner of irrigation with saline water facilities vegetable.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is summarized as follows:
A soil conditioner for saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water, is made up of 30%～43% calcic inorganic formulation, 15%～28% organic formulations, 20%～33% mineral preparation, 10%～23% additive, 7%～20% nutrition agent, 5%～13% evaporation-reducing agent by weight percentage; Described calcic inorganic formulation is by weight percentage by 40%～70% desulfurated plaster or phosphogypsum, 15%～50% calcium superphosphate, 10%～30% nitrocalcite composition; Described organic formulations is by weight percentage by 15%～25% brown rot acid, 15%～45% leonardite, 15%～45% crushing straw or with the edible mushrooms rod powder of crossing and 10%～55% fermentation acid-sludge composition; Described mineral preparation is made up of 50%～80% zeolite powder and 20%～50% wilkinite by weight percentage; Described additive is by weight percentage by 25%～32% ferrous sulfate, 25%～30% potassium silicate, 35%～42% feldspar in powder, 5%～10% manganous sulfate and 3%～5% Tai-Ace S 150 composition; Described nutrition agent is made up of 65%～75% zinc sulfate, 20%～30% borax and 5%～10% ammonium molybdate by weight percentage; Described evaporation-reducing agent is by weight percentage by 35%～45% xanthohumic acid, xanthohumic acid ammonium, xanthohumic acid calcium or potassium fulvate, and 55%～65% polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylamide form.
Preferably the soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water is made up of 30% calcic inorganic formulation, 15% organic formulations, 24% mineral preparation, 15% additive, 10% nutrition agent, 6% evaporation-reducing agent by weight percentage.
Preferably calcic inorganic formulation is by weight percentage by 60% desulfurated plaster or phosphogypsum, 25% calcium superphosphate, 15% nitrocalcite composition.
Preferably organic formulations is by weight percentage by 25% brown rot acid, 30% leonardite, 25% crushing straw or with the edible mushrooms rod powder of crossing and 20% fermentation acid-sludge composition.
Preferably mineral preparation is made up of 65% zeolite powder and 35% wilkinite by weight percentage.
Preferably additive is by weight percentage by 25% ferrous sulfate, 30% potassium silicate, 35% feldspar in powder, 6% manganous sulfate and 4% Tai-Ace S 150 composition.
Preferably nutrition agent is made up of 74% zinc sulfate, 20.5% borax and 5.5% ammonium molybdate by weight percentage.
Preferably evaporation-reducing agent is by weight percentage by 45% potassium fulvate, and 55% polyvinyl alcohol forms.
The soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water of the present invention is used after soil, can reduce the salt of irrigating in salt water accumulates in soil, promote sodium ion, chlorion to discharge root of the crop layer soil with irrigation water, the even soil body, reduces sodium ion, the ratio of chlorion in soil salt ion chemistry composition; Be conducive to improve Soil structure, water conservation subtracts steaming, increases soil permeability, and meanwhile, to promoting facilities vegetable nutrition absorption, growth and raising salt resistance ability, improving saltings facilities vegetable quality etc. has positive effect.
Embodiment
Desulfurated plaster is the industry byproduct that coal-fired or oily industry obtains at the sulfurous gas of administering in flue gas, is canescence, and main component is terra alba CaSO
4.2H
2o, more than 93%, the desulfurated plaster that the present invention adopts is purchased from Tianjin Dagang Power Plant, and the desulfurated plaster that meets other enterprise's sale of above-mentioned requirements also can be for the present invention;
Phosphogypsum is the industrial solid waste residue of phosphoric acid or Phosphate Fertilizer Industry discharge, is canescence more, and main component is terra alba, and more than 90%, the phosphogypsum source desulfurated plaster that the present invention adopts is purchased from detergents and cosmetic auxiliary reagent factory, Tianjin.
Acid-sludge is purchased from Tianjin Tian Li DULIU vinegar limited-liability company.
Consider that in the facility of saltings, soil moisture is easily evaporated, therefore, the application's soil conditioner will reduce evaporation and rising; Simultaneously, because irrigation with saline water easily causes increasing of sodium ion and chlorion, therefore, the application's soil conditioner will reduce the salt of irrigating in the salt water accumulation at root layer soil, reduces sodium ion and chlorion chemical constitution in soil alkali and soil, because the salts contg in saltings is higher, antagonism and suppress the dietetic alimentation of crop, therefore, the application's soil conditioner will improve the salt resistance ability of vegetables, strengthens vegetable nutrient receptivity to reduce the nutrition inhibition because of irrigation with saline water.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of fermentation acid-sludge:
(1) get 1500kg acid-sludge, 10kg ammonium sulfate, 50kg calcium superphosphate; Puddle evenly, add water, making containing quality is the moisture state stacking shaping of 65% left and right;
(2) plastic covering cloth, keeps 65 DEG C～75 DEG C of temperature to place compost; While there is a large amount of white floss, open plastic cloth, air-dry stand-by.
The preparation of edible mushrooms rod powder:
(1) the obsolete fungus stick natural air drying of edible mushrooms will be cultivated;
(2) pulverizing rear 60 mesh sieves of crossing, stay screen underflow for subsequent use, is edible mushrooms rod powder.
The preparation of crushing straw:
(1) maize straw is air-dry, pulverized 60 mesh sieves, extracting screen underflow is crushing maize stalk; Soybean stalk is air-dry, pulverized 60 mesh sieves, extracting screen underflow is milling soya seeds straw;
(2) take 60kg crushing maize stalk, 25kg milling soya seeds straw and 5kg ammonium sulfate, 10kg calcium superphosphate, mixes;
(3) material mixing, the 52kg that adds water mixes thoroughly, plastic covering cloth, at the solar radiation bottom fermentation in season in spring to autumn, 30 days, fermentation completed; (random times that the time of fermentation also can be between 30-57 days)
(4) material having fermented, air-dry, obtain crushing straw.
The preparation of above-mentioned fermentation acid-sludge, edible mushrooms rod powder and crushing straw is in order to enable those skilled in the art to understand better the present invention, but these preparation methods are not limited, the similar material of preparing by other method also can be for the present invention.
Embodiment 2
A soil conditioner for saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water, make by following method:
(1) take 45kg and cross the desulfurated plaster of 100 mesh sieves, 35kg powdery calcium superphosphate, 20kg nitrocalcite mixes under drying conditions makes calcic inorganic formulation;
(2) take the acid of 15kg brown rot, 15kg leonardite, crushing straw and 40kg fermentation acid-sludge that 30kg drying and crushing is crossed 60 mesh sieves are mixed and made into organic formulations;
(3) take 60kg and cross 100 object zeolite powders, 40kg wilkinite is mixed and made into mineral preparation;
(4) take 25kg ferrous sulfate, 30kg potassium silicate powder, 35kg feldspar in powder, 7kg manganous sulfate and 3kg Tai-Ace S 150 mix, and make additive;
(5) take 72.5kg zinc sulfate, 22.5kg borax, 5kg ammonium molybdate is mixed and made into nutrition agent;
(6) under drying conditions, take 45kg xanthohumic acid, 55kg polyvinyl alcohol mixes makes evaporation-reducing agent;
(7) by 32kg calcic inorganic formulation, 15kg organic formulations, 20kg mineral preparation, 10kg additive, 10kg nutrition agent, 13kg evaporation-reducing agent, under drying conditions, mix and pack.
Embodiment 3
A soil conditioner for saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water, make by following method:
(1) take the phosphogypsum of mistake 100 mesh sieves that 60kg is dry, 15kg powdery calcium superphosphate, 25kg nitrocalcite mixes under drying conditions makes calcic inorganic formulation;
(2) take the acid of 15kg brown rot, 30kg leonardite, 15kg crushing straw, 40kg fermentation fermentation acid-sludge, first mixes respectively brown rot acid and leonardite, mixed edible bacterium rod powder and fermentation acid-sludge, again two groups of mixing of materials of mixing are respectively made to organic formulations, stand-by with plastic bag sealing;
(3) take 50kg and cross the zeolite powder of 100 mesh sieves, 50kg wilkinite is mixed and made into mineral preparation;
(4) take 25kg ferrous sulfate, 25kg potassium silicate powder, 35kg feldspar in powder, 10kg manganous sulfate and 5kg Tai-Ace S 150 mix, and make additive;
(5) take 65kg zinc sulfate, 25kg borax, 10kg ammonium molybdate is mixed and made into nutrition agent;
(6) take 35kg xanthohumic acid, 65kg polyacrylamide is mixed to subtract and steams agent;
(7) by 43kg calcic inorganic formulation, 15kg organic formulations, 20kg mineral preparation, 10kg additive, 7kg nutrition agent and 5kg evaporation-reducing agent, mix and pack.
Embodiment 4
A soil conditioner for saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water, make by following method:
(1) take the phosphogypsum of mistake 100 mesh sieves that 60kg is dry, the calcium superphosphate of 25kg powdery, 15kg nitrocalcite, is mixed into calcic inorganic formulation;
(2) take the acid of 25kg brown rot, 30kg leonardite, pulverized 60 mesh sieves, take 25kg edible mushrooms rod powder, 20kg fermentation acid-sludges etc., first mix respectively brown rot acid and leonardite, mixed edible bacterium rod powder and fermentation acid-sludge, again two groups of mixing of materials of mixing are respectively made to organic formulations, stand-by with plastic bag sealing;
(3) take 65kg and cross 100 object zeolite powders, 35kg wilkinite is mixed into mineral preparation;
(4) take 25kg ferrous sulfate, 30kg potassium silicate powder, 35kg feldspar in powder, 6kg manganous sulfate and 4kg Tai-Ace S 150 mix, and make additive;
(5) take 74kg zinc sulfate, 20.5kg borax, 5.5kg ammonium molybdate is mixed and made into nutrition agent;
(6) take 45kg potassium fulvate, 55kg polyvinyl alcohol is mixed into evaporation-reducing agent;
(7) 30kg calcic inorganic formulation, 15kg organic formulations, 24kg mineral preparation, 15kg additive, 10kg nutrition agent and 6kg are subtracted and steam agent, mix and pack.
Embodiment 5
A soil conditioner for saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water, make by following method:
(1) take 45kg and cross the desulfurated plaster of 100 mesh sieves, 40kg powdery calcium superphosphate, 15kg nitrocalcite mixes and makes calcic inorganic formulation under drying conditions;
(2) take the acid of 25kg brown rot, 20kg leonardite, 25kg edible mushrooms rod powder, 30kg fermentation fermentation acid-sludge, first mixes respectively brown rot acid and leonardite, mixed edible bacterium rod powder and fermentation acid-sludge, again two groups of mixing of materials of mixing are respectively made to organic formulations, stand-by with plastic bag sealing;
(3) take 80kg and cross 100 object zeolite powders, 20kg wilkinite is mixed and made into mineral preparation;
(4) take 30kg ferrous sulfate, 25kg potassium silicate powder, 35kg feldspar in powder powder, 5kg manganous sulfate and 5kg Tai-Ace S 150 mix, and make additive;
(5) take 65kg zinc sulfate, 30kg borax, 5kg ammonium molybdate is mixed and made into nutrition agent;
(6) take 45kg xanthohumic acid ammonium, 55kg polyacrylamide is mixed and made into evaporation-reducing agent;
(7) by 30kg calcic inorganic formulation, 15kg organic formulations, 20kg mineral preparation, 23kg additive, 7kg nutrition agent and 5kg evaporation-reducing agent, mix and pack.
Embodiment 6
A soil conditioner for saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water, make by following method:
(1) take 40kg and cross the desulfurated plaster of 100 mesh sieves, 50kg powdery calcium superphosphate, 10kg nitrocalcite mixes and makes calcic inorganic formulation under drying conditions;
(2) take the acid of 15kg brown rot, 45kg leonardite, 30kg edible mushrooms rod powder, the 10kg acid-sludge that ferments, first mixes respectively brown rot acid and leonardite, mixed edible bacterium rod powder and fermentation acid-sludge, again two groups of mixing of materials of mixing are respectively made to organic formulations, stand-by with plastic bag sealing;
(3) take 80kg and cross 100 object zeolite powders, 20kg wilkinite is mixed and made into mineral preparation;
(4) take 32kg ferrous sulfate, 25kg potassium silicate powder, 35kg feldspar in powder powder, 5kg manganous sulfate and 3kg Tai-Ace S 150 mix, and make additive;
(5) take 75kg zinc sulfate, 20kg borax, 5kg ammonium molybdate is mixed and made into nutrition agent;
(6) take 45kg xanthohumic acid calcium, 55kg polyvinyl alcohol is mixed into evaporation-reducing agent;
(7) 30kg calcic inorganic formulation, 15kg organic formulations, 33kg mineral preparation, 10kg additive, 7kg nutrition agent and 5kg are subtracted and steam agent, mix and pack.
Embodiment 7
A soil conditioner for saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water, make by following method:
(1) take 70kg and cross the desulfurated plaster of 100 mesh sieves, 15kg powdery calcium superphosphate, 15kg nitrocalcite mixes and makes calcic inorganic formulation under drying conditions;
(2) take the acid of 15kg brown rot, 15kg leonardite, 15kg edible mushrooms rod powder, the 55kg acid-sludge that ferments, first mixes respectively brown rot acid and leonardite, mixed edible bacterium rod powder and fermentation acid-sludge, again two groups of mixing of materials of mixing are respectively made to organic formulations, stand-by with plastic bag sealing;
(3) take 80kg and cross 100 object zeolite powders, 20kg wilkinite is mixed and made into mineral preparation;
(4) take 25kg ferrous sulfate, 25kg potassium silicate powder, 42kg feldspar in powder powder, 5kg manganous sulfate and 3kg Tai-Ace S 150 mix, and make additive;
(5) take 75kg zinc sulfate, 20kg borax, 5kg ammonium molybdate is mixed and made into nutrition agent;
(6) take 40kg potassium fulvate, 60kg polyvinyl alcohol is mixed into evaporation-reducing agent;
(7) 30kg calcic inorganic formulation, 28kg organic formulations, 20kg mineral preparation, 10kg additive, 7kg nutrition agent and 5kg are subtracted and steam agent, mix and pack.
Embodiment 8
A soil conditioner for saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water, make by following method:
(1) take 40kg and cross the desulfurated plaster of 100 mesh sieves, 30kg powdery calcium superphosphate, 30kg nitrocalcite mixes and makes calcic inorganic formulation under drying conditions;
(2) take the acid of 20kg brown rot, 20kg leonardite, 45kg edible mushrooms rod powder, the 15kg acid-sludge that ferments, first mixes respectively brown rot acid and leonardite, mixed edible bacterium rod powder and fermentation acid-sludge, again two groups of mixing of materials of mixing are respectively made to organic formulations, stand-by with plastic bag sealing;
(3) take 80kg and cross 100 object zeolite powders, 20kg wilkinite is mixed and made into mineral preparation;
(4) take 25kg ferrous sulfate, 25kg potassium silicate powder, 35kg feldspar in powder powder, 10kg manganous sulfate and 5kg Tai-Ace S 150 mix, and make additive;
(5) take 75kg zinc sulfate, 20kg borax, 5kg ammonium molybdate is mixed and made into nutrition agent;
(6) take 40kg xanthohumic acid calcium, 60kg polyacrylamide is mixed and made into evaporation-reducing agent;
(7) 30kg calcic inorganic formulation, 15kg organic formulations, 20kg mineral preparation, 10kg additive, 20kg nutrition agent and 5kg are subtracted and steam agent, mix and pack.
Embodiment 9
Soil salt content 0.2%～0.4%, irrigation water salinity 2.0g/L～3.5g/L.Adopt the soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water of embodiment 2, amount of application 750kg/hm2.Before the early spring in mid-January～February stubble vegetable permanent planting (taking Tianjin as example), surface uniform spreads fertilizer over the fields, and ploughs and fully sneaks into 0～30cm topsoil.Within 2 years, use once, soil salt content can reduce by 10% left and right.
Embodiment 10
Soil salt content 0.4%～0.6%, irrigation water salinity 5.0g/L～6.5g/L.Adopt the soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water of embodiment 3, amount of application 3000kg/hm2.Before the early spring in mid-January～February stubble vegetable permanent planting (taking Tianjin as example), surface uniform spreads fertilizer over the fields, and ploughs and fully sneaks into 0～30cm topsoil.Use every year once, soil salt content can reduce by 22% left and right.
Embodiment 11
Soil salt content 0.4%～0.6%, irrigation water salinity 2.0g/L～3.5g/L.Adopt the soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water of embodiment 4, amount of application 1500kg/hm2.Before the early spring in mid-January～February stubble vegetable permanent planting (taking Tianjin as example), surface uniform spreads fertilizer over the fields, and ploughs and fully sneaks into 0～30cm topsoil.Within 2 years, use once, soil salt content can reduce by 26% left and right.
Embodiment 12
Soil salt content 0.2%～0.4%, irrigation water salinity 3.5g/L～5.0g/L.Adopt the soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water of embodiment 5, amount of application 1500kg/hm2.Before the early spring in mid-January～February stubble vegetable permanent planting (taking Tianjin as example), surface uniform spreads fertilizer over the fields, and ploughs and fully sneaks into 0～30cm topsoil.Within 2 years, use once, soil salt content can reduce by 15% left and right.
The using method of embodiment 6-8 is with embodiment 12.
Embodiment 13
Weigh the test of loamy texture moisture soil facility tomato irrigation with saline water soil conditioning according to the soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water of the present invention and application process (seeing embodiment 9,10,11,12) at Tianjin City, China Binhai New District, irrigation with saline water adopts salty, light irrigation frequency than the rotation flow method of 1:2, and the salinity of salt water is 4.32g/L.
Tomato gathers pedotheque after uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested, and chemically examines.Data are as table 1, in table " contrast " do not use soil conditioner for irrigation with saline water.
As can be seen from Table 1, the soil salt content of using soil conditioner of the present invention contrasts and reduces by 7.14%～17.86%, and sodium ion reduces by 18.60%～34.88%, and chlorion reduces by 17.65%～37.25%, bicarbonate ion reduces by 6.06%～18.18%, salt reduction successful.In addition, soil cation exchange capacity also increases to some extent, is conducive to soil fertilizer.
Table 1, uses the impact effect of top layer (0～30cm) soil salt and salt ion composition after soil conditioner
The best fruiting period adopted the 2nd fringe fruit by tomato, chemically examines, and result is as table 2.As can be seen from Table 2, the tomato Vitamin C content of using soil conditioner of the present invention contrasts and improves 16.68%～26.64%, total Soluble Sugar improves 6.51%～9.64%, and titratable acidity reduces by 2.91%～10.82%, and nitrate content reduces by 9.76%～20.34%.Output improves 6.10%～8.51%, 1 hectare of volume increase 7865.9kg～10980.5kg.Use the successful that soil conditioner of the present invention improves tomato quality.
Table 2, uses the impact effect to irrigation with saline water tomato production and quality parameter after soil conditioner
Embodiment 14
Weigh the test of loamy texture moisture soil cucumber in greenhouse irrigation with saline water soil conditioning according to the soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water of the present invention and application process (seeing embodiment 12) at Tianjin City, China Binhai New District, irrigation with saline water adopts salty, light irrigation frequency than the rotation flow method of 1:4, and the salinity of salt water is 3.27g/L.
Cucumber gathers pedotheque after uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested, and chemically examines.Data are as table 3, in table " contrast " do not use soil conditioner for irrigation with saline water.
Table 3, uses the impact effect of top layer (0-30 centimetre) soil salt and salt ion composition after soil conditioner
As can be seen from Table 3, use soil conditioner soil salt content of the present invention and contrast reduction by 9.83%～24.57%, sodium ion reduces by 20.26%～26.82%, chlorion reduces by 10.48%～18.10%, bicarbonate ion reduces by 24.88%～27.78%, and using soil conditioner of the present invention has the effect of the topsoil salt accumulation of obvious reduction moderate saline soil.
Cucumber is contained the melon phase and adopts cucumber sample, chemically examines, and result is as table 4.As can be seen from Table 4, the cucumber Vitamin C content of using soil conditioner of the present invention contrasts and improves 20.76%～21.77%, and crude protein improves 3.25%～9.75%, and nitrate content reduces by 7.24%～9.96%.Output improves 5.70%～7.22%, 1 hectare of volume increase 2033.9kg～2572.9kg.Use the effect that soil conditioner of the present invention is improved cucumber quality, improves cucumber yield.
Table 4, uses the impact effect to irrigation with saline water cucumber yield and quality parameter after soil conditioner
Embodiment 15
Test at the heavy loamy texture moisture soil of Tianjin City, China Binhai New District facility tomato irrigation with saline water soil conditioning according to the soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water of the present invention and application process (seeing embodiment 9,10,11,12), irrigation with saline water adopts salty, light irrigation frequency than the rotation flow method of 1:3, and the salinity of salt water is 5.32g/L.
Tomato gathers pedotheque after uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested, and chemically examines.Data are as table 5, in table " contrast " do not use soil conditioner for irrigation with saline water.
Table 5, uses the impact effect of top layer (0-30 centimetre) soil salt and salt ion composition after soil conditioner
As can be seen from Table 5, use soil conditioner soil salt content of the present invention and contrast reduction by 10.95%～33.68%, sodium ion reduces by 9.81%～34.47%, chlorion reduces by 13.94%～49.45%, bicarbonate ion reduces by 9.54%～14.99%, and using soil conditioner of the present invention has the effect of the topsoil salt accumulation of obvious reduction severe saline soil.
Table 6 is for using the soil physical property of the embodiment of the present invention 2,3,4,5,6,7,8 soil conditioners, and 0～5cm soil weight of using soil conditioner processing reduces by 6.25%～14.58%, 5～20cm and reduces by 2.94%～18.82%.The soil permeability coefficient of using soil conditioner also has the effect of increase, illustrates that soil conditioner of the present invention is improved the effect of the soil permeability of severe saline soil.
Table 6, uses soil conditioner soil physical and chemical property difference
The best fruiting period adopted the 2nd fringe fruit sample by tomato, chemically examines, and result is as table 7.As can be seen from Table 7, the tomato Vitamin C content of using soil conditioner of the present invention contrasts and improves 7.31%～14.13%, total Soluble Sugar improves 1.56%～5.47%, and titratable acid improves 1.29%～2.91%, and nitrate content reduces by 4.31%～10.98%.Output improves 7.41%～12.56%, 1 hectare of volume increase 6382.6kg～10823.3kg.Use the effect that soil conditioner of the present invention improves tomato production.
Table 7, uses the impact effect to irrigation with saline water tomato production and quality parameter after soil conditioner
The soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water of the present invention can promote soil salt, particularly sodium ion (Na
+), chlorion (CI
-) with irrigation water (slightly salty, salt water) infiltrate or side ooze discharge root layer soil or the soil body, absorption is fixed, and reduces the accumulation of salinity in soil, reduces harmful ion proportion, free state concentration; Form gradually soil particle with original soil mineral and chemical composition, form compound microaggregate with sticky heavy coastal region alkaline land soil clay, improve soil physics structure and soil fertility etc., reach saline groundwater long-term, that safe utilization is abundant or the object of slightly salty resource.
Claims (8)
1. a soil conditioner for saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water, is characterized in that being made up of 30%～43% calcic inorganic formulation, 15%～28% organic formulations, 20%～33% mineral preparation, 10%～23% additive, 7%～20% nutrition agent, 5%～13% evaporation-reducing agent by weight percentage; Described calcic inorganic formulation is by weight percentage by 40%～70% desulfurated plaster or phosphogypsum, 15%～50% calcium superphosphate, 10%～30% nitrocalcite composition; Described organic formulations is by weight percentage by 15%～25% brown rot acid, 15%～45% leonardite, 15%～45% crushing straw or with the edible mushrooms rod powder of crossing and 10%～55% fermentation acid-sludge composition; Described mineral preparation is made up of 50%～80% zeolite powder and 20%～50% wilkinite by weight percentage; Described additive is by weight percentage by 25%～32% ferrous sulfate, 25%～30% potassium silicate, 35%～42% feldspar in powder, 5%～10% manganous sulfate and 3%～5% Tai-Ace S 150 composition; Described nutrition agent is made up of 65%～75% zinc sulfate, 20%～30% borax and 5%～10% ammonium molybdate by weight percentage; Described evaporation-reducing agent is by weight percentage by 35%～45% xanthohumic acid, xanthohumic acid ammonium, xanthohumic acid calcium or potassium fulvate, and 55%～65% polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylamide form.
2. the soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water according to claim 1, is characterized in that being made up of 30% calcic inorganic formulation, 15% organic formulations, 24% mineral preparation, 15% additive, 10% nutrition agent, 6% evaporation-reducing agent by weight percentage.
3. the soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described calcic inorganic formulation is by weight percentage by 60% desulfurated plaster or phosphogypsum, 25% calcium superphosphate, 15% nitrocalcite composition.
4. the soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that described organic formulations is by weight percentage by 25% brown rot acid, 30% leonardite, 25% crushing straw or edible mushrooms rod powder and 20% fermentation acid-sludge composition by mistake.
5. the soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described mineral preparation is made up of 65% zeolite powder and 35% wilkinite by weight percentage.
6. the soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described additive is by weight percentage by 25% ferrous sulfate, 30% potassium silicate, 35% feldspar in powder, 6% manganous sulfate and 4% Tai-Ace S 150 composition.
7. the soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described nutrition agent is made up of 74% zinc sulfate, 20.5% borax and 5.5% ammonium molybdate by weight percentage.
8. the soil conditioner of a kind of saltings facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described evaporation-reducing agent is by weight percentage by 45% potassium fulvate, 55% polyvinyl alcohol composition.
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Effective date of registration: 20210908 Address after: 300192, 26 Nankai District Aerospace Road, Tianjin Patentee after: Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences Address before: 300192, 268 Bai Causeway Road, Tianjin, Nankai District Patentee before: TIANJIN INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT SCIENCE |