CN101766071A - Method for improving saline and alkaline grasslands by utilizing vinegar residues - Google Patents
Method for improving saline and alkaline grasslands by utilizing vinegar residues Download PDFInfo
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- CN101766071A CN101766071A CN 200910263971 CN200910263971A CN101766071A CN 101766071 A CN101766071 A CN 101766071A CN 200910263971 CN200910263971 CN 200910263971 CN 200910263971 A CN200910263971 A CN 200910263971A CN 101766071 A CN101766071 A CN 101766071A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of grassland improvement, in particular to a method for improving saline and alkaline grasslands by utilizing vinegar residues, which solves the technical problem for improving saline and alkaline grasslands by utilizing the vinegar residues of food processing byproducts. The invention adopts the technical scheme that the vinegar residue application amount is determined according to the pH value of the grassland soil; the fresh vinegar residues are evenly applied on a grassland on which vegetation is planted every 1m by width of 50cm; then the grassland is ploughed by the depth of 15cm; two lines of saline and alkali-resistance pastures are complementally sowed according to the soil moisture content in 7 to 10 days after ploughing treatment; the depth of ploughing of places with alkaline spots is 20cm; the saline and alkali-resistance pastures are planted in 10 to 15 days when the ploughing treatment, and the planting line spacing is larger than 50cm; when the pastures grow to 10cm, the vinegar residues of alkaline spot area of 25t/hm2 is applied when in intertillage, and if the growing trend of the pastures is not good, the vinegar residues of alkaline spot area of 25t/hm2 is applied when in intertillage every one month. The invention can be widely applied to the improvement of the saline and alkaline grasslands and saline and alkaline lands.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of method that improves saline-alkali grassland, is specially a kind of method of utilizing vinegar to satirize good saline-alkali grassland.
Background technology
From the strand to the inland, dissimilar salt affected soils is all distributing from the lowland to the plateau in China.The formation of China's alkaline earth and alkali-affected soil, most of relevant with the accumulative total of carbonate in the soil, thereby basicity is generally higher, serious salt affected soil regional plant almost can not be survived.Especially the salination on meadow has a strong impact on modern agriculture and Developing of Animal Industry, and the saline-alkali grassland revegetation is a difficult point always.Many in the world countries have all carried out the research work that alkaline land improving utilizes, and have obtained a series of achievements.The large-scale saline-alkali grassland improvement of China utilizes and starts from after liberation, and in saline land administer upside heavy water sharp engineering measure to the sixties end of the fifties, based on row, relatively payes attention to irrigating flushing.After entering the seventies, river construction measure, agricultural tillage measure and biological fertility betterment measure etc. mutually combine, and comprehensive control measures develops rapidly.
The main improving technology measure in saline land at present has water conservancy improvement, fertilizing soil, additive improvement, presses sand to improve, plant physico chemistry measures such as rice improvement.Wherein soil conditioner organic/inorganic substance, organic matter, living beings additive etc., inorganic additive such as gypsum, zeolite and calcium chloride etc. can improve Na
+Absorption than and soil permeability, improve soil structure and reduce pH, with Ca
2+Na in the exchange soil
+, still; Organic matter such as polyacrylate, asphalt emulsion etc. by suppressing evaporation from topsoil, improve soil temperature, improve soil structure, reduce the salt amount; Living beings such as farmyard manure, straw, hay, dry branches and fallen leaves, furfural dregs, citric acid waste, natural pond slag, natural pond liquid etc., can increase organic matter, fertilizing soil, reduce the bulk density of soil and the degree of packing, improve its granular structure, improve soil permeability, promote leaching, help salinity and move down, strengthen the mineralization ability of solonchak, quicken the decomposition of indissoluble nutrient.Add particularly chemical improvement agent instant effect of modifying agent, but introduce new ion easily, make that salt content increases in the soil, relatively difficulty is implemented in the requirement of fund and technical elements in addition.
Vinegar is poor to be residue after rice, wheat, Chinese sorghum etc. are made vinegar, and the fresh vinegar pH value that is pickled with grains or in wine is 4.2, is a kind of highly acid living beings, and content of organic matter height contains certain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium active ingredient.Shanxi is that China produces miserable scholar province, produces 270000 tons of vinegar per year, and it is poor to produce 0.8 ton of vinegar by 1 ton of vinegar of every production, and vinegar is poor just to be 21.6 ten thousand tons.In most of the cases, vinegar is poor not to have figure cultivation matrix etc. as feedstuff, biogas fermentation raw material, culture medium of edible fungus or plant, availability only is 20%, 80% vinegar is poor to rot to cause vinegar factory surrounding environment to pollute, vinegar is pickled with grains or in wine and not only occupies the large tracts of land soil during stacking, send penetrating odor, oozing under the rainwater leaching also can contaminated soil and underground water.Because vinegar is poor is residue after grain is made vinegar, be acid, the content of organic matter is higher, and moisture content and porosity are very high, its short texture, porous, has good adsorption, mix and to reduce consistency of soil and pH value in the alkaline spot soil, improve soil permeability, also have certain nutrient component, therefore can be with its soil conditioner, in order to the improvement of saline-alkali grassland as the saline land.
Number of patent application is 200410079313 to disclose a kind of improvement saline land physics and chemical material-vinegar dregs and furaldehyde ash, and raw material and umber are formed: poor 10～50 parts of vinegar, 10～50 parts of furfural dregs, 10～60 parts of slag ash, 5～40 parts of mixed finished products of land plaster.Execute 100 kilograms and can take effect per 0.1 mu of every year.Yet there are no disclosed document play-by-play but how to operate.According to technical staff's practical experience, all be not difficult on the theoretical method in various improvement saline land, but in fact how to operate but improved results there is considerable influence.
Summary of the invention
The present invention for solve local food processing by product vinegar poor how with administer the saline land and combine to reach and recover the saline-alkali grassland vegetation and handle the poor technical problem of vinegar and a kind of method of utilizing vinegar to satirize good saline-alkali grassland is provided.
The present invention is realized by following technical scheme, a kind of method of utilizing vinegar to satirize good saline-alkali grassland: the pH value of measuring grassland soil and alkaline spot earlier; Evenly apply the poor wide band of 50cm of fresh vinegar having on the meadow of vegetation every 1-2m, the 15-20cm that turns over then is dark, and the poor amount of applying of vinegar is calculated by the area of turning over, and is that 8.0～9.0 o'clock amounts of applying are 75-150 ton/hm according to soil pH value
2Standard all spread, turn over and handle back 7～10 days according to soil moisture content after-culture plantation 2 row salt tolerant alkali herbages; For there being the alkaline spot place evenly to apply the poor 135 tons/hm of fresh vinegar
2The alkaline spot area, ploughing depth 20cm then turns over and handles back 10～15 days according to soil moisture content plantation salt tolerant alkali herbage, and the plantation line-spacing when treating herbage growth to 10cm, applies 25 ton/hm in conjunction with intertilling greater than 50cm again
2The vinegar of alkaline spot area is poor, if the herbage growing way is bad, every 1 month, applies 25 tons/hm again in conjunction with intertillage
2The vinegar of alkaline spot area is poor.
Vinegar of the present invention is satirized the pH value of measuring grassland soil and alkaline spot in the method for good saline-alkali grassland earlier, can be according to the amount of applying of determining that vinegar is pickled with grains or in wine; The sowing amount that vinegar is poor can reach the alkali ion in the sweetening of the soil.Turn over and handle back 7～10 days according to soil moisture content after-culture plantation salt tolerant alkali herbage, make in the poor and soil reaction of vinegar and after be beneficial to herbage growth and the meadow is recovered; Plantation salt tolerant alkali herbage makes herbage grow better in the weak base soil relatively; The local soil acidity or alkalinity height of alkaline spot, it is big to apply the poor amount of fresh vinegar, and ploughing depth is dark, and it is poor to apply vinegar once more in conjunction with intertillage behind the planting forage grass, makes the more approaching neutrality of soil acidity or alkalinity and hold time longlyer to be beneficial to herbage growth and revegetation.It is wide evenly to apply the poor 50cm of fresh vinegar every 1m on the described meadow, and the 15cm that turns over then is dark; Both can reach the purpose on improvement meadow, water and soil loss is caused on not extensive damage meadow again.Turn over alkaline spot and handle back plantation in 10～15 days salt tolerant alkali herbage, it is characterized in that making in the poor and soil reaction of vinegar and after be beneficial to herbage growth and the meadow is recovered.Alkaline spot is that low-lying place or groundwater level are higher, and ponding soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil alkali once more behind the planting forage grass executes at regular intervals that vinegar is poor to make soil acidity or alkalinity maintain neutral alkalescence on the weak side for a long time, is beneficial to herbage growth and revegetation.
Described salt tolerant alkali herbage generally is meant can be in the herbage with comparatively strong saline-alkaline tolerance of certain saline soil growth.As lyme grass (Elymus dahuricus), sheep's hay (Aneurolepidium chinense), alkali thatch (Puccinelia tenuiflora), speedwell (Chloris virgata), Zhang Mao (Aeluropus littoralis var.sinensis), alkali fluffy (Suaeda glauca), wild barley (Hordeum bogdaniiWilensky), stinkgrass flower (Puccinellia tenuiflora.), gooseneck boom barnyard grass (Echinochla crusgalli), daghestan sweet clover (Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb.), prairie milk vetch (Astragalus adsurgens Pall.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) etc.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, a kind of method of utilizing vinegar to satirize good saline-alkali grassland: the pH value of measuring grassland soil and alkaline spot earlier; Evenly to apply the poor 50cm of fresh vinegar every 1m wide having on the meadow of vegetation, and the 15cm that turns over then is dark, and the poor amount of applying of vinegar is calculated by the area of turning over, and soil pH value is that 8.0 o'clock amounts of applying are 75 tons/hm
2, soil pH value is that 8.5 o'clock amounts of applying are 90 tons/hm
2, soil pH value is that 9.0 o'clock amounts of applying are 120 tons/hm
2, other pH value of soil can be converted by this, turns over and handles back 7～10 days according to soil moisture content after-culture plantation 2 row salt tolerant alkali herbages; The alkaline spot place evenly applies the poor 135 tons/hm of fresh vinegar
2The alkaline spot area, ploughing depth 20cm then turns over and handles back 10～15 days and plant some salt tolerant alkali herbages according to soil moisture content, and the plantation line-spacing when treating herbage growth to 10cm, applies 25 ton/hm in conjunction with intertilling greater than 50cm again
2The vinegar of alkaline spot area is poor, if the herbage growing way is bad, every 1 month, applies 25 tons/hm again in conjunction with intertillage
2The vinegar of alkaline spot area is poor.
Vinegar is satirized good saline-alkali grassland and is at first measured the pH value of grassland soil and alkaline spot and be convenient to the sowing amount of determining that vinegar is poor, applies the poor 75 tons/hm of vinegar when soil pH value is 8.0
2Turning over to handle to make soil pH value reduce by 0.6 after 7 days, soil pH value is 8.5 to apply the poor 90 tons/hm of vinegar
2Can make soil pH value reduce by 1.16, soil pH value is 9.0 to apply the poor 120 tons/hm of vinegar
2Can make soil pH value reduce by 1.74, reach the soil acidity or alkalinity that plant can normal growth, apply in right amount promptly that vinegar is poor can reduce soil pH value, the bulk density of soil, increase soil porosity and venting and water permeable ability (table 1).
The variation of the poor sowing amount 0～20cm soil of the different vinegar of table 1
Turning over and handle back 7～10 days according to soil moisture content after-culture plantation 2 row salt tolerant alkali herbages, can be that neutralization reaction fully takes place the alkali ion in the poor and soil of vinegar, and vinegar is poor after 7 days simultaneously begins fermentation and increase porosity and ventilating permeable (table 2).
Table 2 applies the poor back of vinegar 0～20cm soil over time
The local salinization and alkalization of alkaline spot is heavier, applies greatly 135 tons/hm of the poor amount of vinegar
2The alkaline spot area, ploughing depth 20cm turns over and handles after back 10 days, again planting forage grass then; Because alkaline spot is that low-lying place or groundwater level are higher, ponding once more behind the planting forage grass has the problem of soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil alkali, when therefore treating herbage growth to 10cm, applies 25 tons/hm again in conjunction with intertilling
2The vinegar of alkaline spot area is poor, if herbage growth is in bad order, every 1 month, applies 25 tons/hm again in conjunction with intertillage
2The vinegar of alkaline spot area is poor.
After vinegar is satirized good saline-alkali grassland after-culture prairie milk vetch (Astragalua adsurgens Pall.), emergence rate can improve 69.8%, growing height can improve 26.5% after emerging 1 month, the plant leaf area increases by 21.4%, plant that grassland improvement location vegetation cover degree reaches 68% after 4 months, ground biomass is 65g/m
2, vegetation cover degree reached 89% in 1 year, and ground biomass is 86g/m
2The local improved effect of alkaline spot is more obvious, and planting alkaline spot ground vegetation cover degree after 4 months has original 21% to be increased to 44%, and ground biomass is 48g/m
2, vegetation cover degree increase in 1 year reaches 69%, and ground biomass is 63g/m
2
Claims (2)
1. a method of utilizing vinegar to satirize good saline-alkali grassland is characterized in that elder generation measures the pH value of grassland soil and alkaline spot; Evenly apply the poor wide band of 50cm of fresh vinegar having on the meadow of vegetation every 1-2m, the 15-20cm that turns over then is dark, and the poor amount of applying of vinegar is calculated by the area of turning over, and is that 8.0～9.0 o'clock amounts of applying are 75-150 ton/hm according to soil pH value
2Standard all spread, turn over and handle back 7～10 days according to soil moisture content after-culture plantation 2 row salt tolerant alkali herbages.
2. the method for utilizing vinegar to satirize good saline-alkali grassland according to claim 1 is characterized in that for there being the alkaline spot place evenly to apply the poor 135 tons/hm of fresh vinegar
2The alkaline spot area, ploughing depth 20cm then turns over and handles back 10～15 days according to soil moisture content plantation salt tolerant alkali herbage, and the plantation line-spacing when treating herbage growth to 10cm, applies 25 ton/hm in conjunction with intertilling greater than 50cm again
2The vinegar of alkaline spot area is poor, if the herbage growing way is bad, every 1 month, applies 25 tons/hm again in conjunction with intertillage
2The vinegar of alkaline spot area is poor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200910263971 CN101766071A (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2009-12-31 | Method for improving saline and alkaline grasslands by utilizing vinegar residues |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200910263971 CN101766071A (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2009-12-31 | Method for improving saline and alkaline grasslands by utilizing vinegar residues |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102301848A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2012-01-04 | 李学麒 | Method for comprehensively improving saline and alkaline land soil |
| CN102783400A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2012-11-21 | 太原师范学院 | Manufacture method of coal gangue culture substrate |
| CN103333696A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-10-02 | 丹阳市淸云农业发展有限公司 | Modifier used for alkaline soil |
| CN106034461A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-10-26 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for improving soil of saline alkali land through vinegar production waste residues |
| CN107234129A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-10-10 | 郭婷 | Alkaline land soil restorative procedure |
| CN107318290A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-07 | 郭婷 | It is capable of the salt-soda soil restorative procedure of Planting Crops |
| CN107347292A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-17 | 郭婷 | Improve soil salt-soda soil restorative procedure |
| CN107371431A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-24 | 郭婷 | The salt-soda soil restorative procedure of timely salt discharge |
| CN112616578A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-04-09 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Ecological restoration method for deteriorated grassland |
-
2009
- 2009-12-31 CN CN 200910263971 patent/CN101766071A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102301848A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2012-01-04 | 李学麒 | Method for comprehensively improving saline and alkaline land soil |
| CN102301848B (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-04-03 | 李学麒 | Method for comprehensively improving saline and alkaline land soil |
| CN102783400A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2012-11-21 | 太原师范学院 | Manufacture method of coal gangue culture substrate |
| CN102783400B (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2015-02-18 | 太原师范学院 | Manufacture method of coal gangue culture substrate |
| CN103333696A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-10-02 | 丹阳市淸云农业发展有限公司 | Modifier used for alkaline soil |
| CN106034461A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-10-26 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for improving soil of saline alkali land through vinegar production waste residues |
| CN107234129A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-10-10 | 郭婷 | Alkaline land soil restorative procedure |
| CN107318290A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-07 | 郭婷 | It is capable of the salt-soda soil restorative procedure of Planting Crops |
| CN107347292A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-17 | 郭婷 | Improve soil salt-soda soil restorative procedure |
| CN107371431A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-24 | 郭婷 | The salt-soda soil restorative procedure of timely salt discharge |
| CN112616578A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-04-09 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Ecological restoration method for deteriorated grassland |
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Application publication date: 20100707 |