CN104003948A - 一类氮唑类化合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一类氮唑类化合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104003948A CN104003948A CN201410235376.0A CN201410235376A CN104003948A CN 104003948 A CN104003948 A CN 104003948A CN 201410235376 A CN201410235376 A CN 201410235376A CN 104003948 A CN104003948 A CN 104003948A
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- azole
- difluorophenyl
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000000843 anti-fungal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000004215 2,4-difluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(F)C([H])=C1F 0.000 claims description 27
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000003626 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group Chemical group [*]N1N=C([H])N=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 19
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- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
本发明涉及一类氮唑类抗真菌化合物和其盐类,所述的化学结构通式如下:
Description
【技术领域】
本发明涉及医药技术领域,具体的说是关于一类氮唑类化合物及其制备方法和应用。
【背景技术】
近年来,随着广谱抗生素、抗肿瘤药物、免疫抑制剂的广泛应用,腹膜透析、器官移植、放射治疗的普遍开展,以及免疫缺陷性疾病尤其是艾滋病的迅速蔓延,白念珠菌、新生隐球菌和烟曲霉菌等机会性深部真菌感染的发病率急剧上升。深部真菌感染在临床上已上升为第三大传染性疾病,严重威胁着人类的生命健康。目前临床应用的抗真菌药物,大多存在毒副作用大、抗菌谱窄、易产生耐药性等缺陷,有效的抗真菌药物特别是抗深部真菌药物十分缺乏,远不能满足需要。现有抗真菌药物主要为作用于角鲨烯环氧化酶的烯丙胺类,作用于羊毛甾醇14a-去甲基化酶的氮唑类,以及作用于细胞壁和-1,3-β葡聚糖合成酶的脂肽类等。
目前已报道及临床上常用的氮唑类化合物有酮康唑(Ketoconazole,KCZ)、氟康唑(Fluconazole,FCZ)、活力康唑(Voriconazole,VCZ)、伊曲康唑(Itraconazole,ICZ)、两性霉素B(Amphotericin B,AMB)等,但是这些化合物依然存在上述毒副作用大、抗菌谱窄、易产生耐药性等缺陷,例如发挥药效所需的剂量较大,因而会对人体产生较大的毒副作用。众所周知,结构不同的氮唑类化合物具有不同的生物活性,所以研究开发高效、低毒且抗菌谱广的新结构类型的氮唑类化合物仍然是该类化合物的研究热点。但至今未见具有抗真菌活性的氮唑类化合物N-烷基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-环丙氨基二硫代甲酸苄酯或其盐类的报道。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的是针对现有技术中的不足,提供一种氮唑类抗真菌化合物及其药学上可接受的盐。
本发明的再一的目的是,提供一种药物组合物。
本发明的另一的目的是,提供上述氮唑类抗真菌化合物及其药学上可接受的盐的制备方法。
本发明的第四个目的是,提供上述氮唑类抗真菌化合物及其药学上可接受的盐的用途。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案是:
一种氮唑类抗真菌化合物及其药学上可接受的盐,所述的氮唑类抗真菌化合物N-烷基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-环丙氨基二硫代甲酸苄酯的化学结构通式如下:
其中,
R选自氢、卤素、氰基、硝基,可位于苯环的邻、间、对位,可以是单取代或多取代;
其中,卤素选自F、Cl、Br、I;
本发明N-烷基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-环丙氨基二硫代甲酸苄酯类化合物或其盐类可以为消旋体,也可以为R型或S型异构体。
为实现上述第二个目的,本发明采取的技术方案是:
一种药物组合物,它含有如上任一所述的氮唑类抗真菌化合物及其药学上可接受的盐,并含有常规药用载体。
为实现上述第三个目的,本发明采取的技术方案是:
如上任一所述的氮唑类抗真菌化合物及其药学上可接受的盐的制备方法,包括下列步骤:
(1)制备中间体1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-(N-环丙基氨基)-2-醇(5),
(2)步骤(1)制备的中间体与CS2、三乙胺在乙醇中冰浴反应,然后加入各种取代溴苄,室温条件下反应生成目标化合物。
反应路线如下;
为实现上述第四个目的,本发明采取的技术方案是:
如上任一所述的氮唑类抗真菌化合物及其药学上可接受的盐在制备治疗真菌感染药物中的应用。
所述的真菌为白假丝酵母菌、近平滑假丝酵母菌、光滑假丝酵母菌、新生隐球菌、石膏状小孢子菌、红色毛癣菌或烟曲霉菌。
本发明优点在于:
1、本发明化合物对深部真菌抗真菌活性强,与目前临床应用的抗真菌药物相比,具有高效、低毒、抗真菌谱广等优点,因此可用于制备高效的抗真菌药物;
2、本发明化合物的制备方法简单且产率高,制备得到的化合物抗真菌效果好。
【具体实施方式】
下面对本发明提供的具体实施方式作详细说明。
实施例1本发明化合物的制备
(1)1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-(N-环丙基氨基)-2-醇
1-[2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2,3-环氧丙基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑甲磺酸盐21g,与环丙胺10mL,三乙胺20mL,在300mL乙醇中加热回流6-8小时,反应完毕后蒸除溶剂,用200mL乙酸乙酯提取,100mL×2水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,蒸除乙酸乙酯,得油状1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-(N-环丙基氨基)-2-醇11.96g,收率68.0%。
(2)制备N-甲基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-环丙基氨基二硫代甲酸苄酯(表1中化合物6a):
50mL单颈瓶中,放入磁子,加入10mL无水乙醇、0.536g1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-(N-环丙基氨基)-2-醇(2mmol)。冰水浴10min后,快速磁力搅拌下滴入0.12mL二硫化碳(2mmol),维持冰浴搅拌30min。取溴苄170mg(1mmol)加入瓶中,滴入0.42mL三乙胺(3mmol),撤冰浴,水浴加热至60℃,TLC检测反应,约2h后反应完毕。
反应完毕后,蒸干溶剂,加50mL二氯甲烷溶解,10%柠檬酸溶液、饱和碳酸钠溶液、10%柠檬酸溶液、饱和氯化钠溶液各40mL依次洗涤。无水硫酸钠干燥后,过滤,蒸干溶剂,加20mL乙醚固化后抽滤,45mL乙醚分3次洗涤固体,得到终产物,减压干燥得到303.8mg,收率70.0%。
(3)制备N-环丙基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-氨基二硫代甲酸-2-氟苄酯(表1中化合物6b):
以2-氟溴苄为原料,具体制备方法同化合物6a的制备,收率68.7%。
(4)制备N-环丙基-N-(2-(2,4-二二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-氨基二硫代甲酸-3-氟苄酯(表1中化合物6c):
以3-氟溴苄为原料,具体制备方法同化合物6a的制备,收率68.0%。
(5)制备N-环丙基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-氨基二硫代甲酸-4-氟苄酯(表1中化合物6d):
以4-氟溴苄为原料,具体制备方法同化合物6a的制备,收率69.2%。
(6)制备N-环丙基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-氨基二硫代甲酸-2-氯苄酯(表1中化合物6e):
以2-氯溴苄为原料,具体制备方法同化合物6a的制备,收率64.5%。
(7)制备N-环丙基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-氨基二硫代甲酸-3-氯苄酯(表1中化合物6f):
以3-氯溴苄为原料,具体制备方法同化合物6a的制备,收率64.3%。
(8)制备N-环丙基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-氨基二硫代甲酸-4-氯苄酯(表1中化合物6g):
以4-氯溴苄为原料,具体制备方法同化合物6a的制备,收率64.5%。
(9)制备N-环丙基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-氨基二硫代甲酸-2-溴苄酯(表1中化合物6h):
以2-溴溴苄为原料,具体制备方法同化合物6a的制备,收率67.5%。
(10)制备N-环丙基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-氨基二硫代甲酸-3-溴苄酯(表1中化合物6i):
以3-溴溴苄为原料,具体制备方法同化合物6a的制备,收率67.2%。
(11)制备N-环丙基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-氨基二硫代甲酸-4-溴苄酯(表1中化合物6j):
以4-溴溴苄为原料,具体制备方法同化合物6a的制备,收率67.5%。
(12)制备N-环丙基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-氨基二硫代甲酸-2-甲基苄酯(表1中化合物6k):
以2-甲基溴苄为原料,具体制备方法同化合物6a的制备,收率64.5%。
(13)制备N-环丙基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-氨基二硫代甲酸-3-甲基苄酯(表1中化合物61):
以3-甲基溴苄为原料,具体制备方法同化合物6a的制备,收率64.0%。
(14)制备N-环丙基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-氨基二硫代甲酸-4-甲基苄酯(表1中化合物6m):
以4-甲基溴苄为原料,具体制备方法同化合物6a的制备,收率65.6%。
(15)制备N-环丙基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-氨基二硫代甲酸-2-硝基苄酯(表1中化合物6n):
以2-硝基溴苄为原料,具体制备方法同化合物6a的制备,收率67.5%。
(16)制备N-环丙基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-氨基二硫代甲酸-3-硝基苄酯(表1中化合物6o):
以3-硝基溴苄为原料,具体制备方法同化合物6a的制备,收率66.0%。
(17)制备N-环丙基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-氨基二硫代甲酸-4-硝基苄酯(表1中化合物6p):
以4-硝基溴苄为原料,具体制备方法同化合物6a的制备,收率68.5%。
(18)制备N-环丙基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-氨基二硫代甲酸-2-氰基苄酯(表1中化合物6q):
以2-氰基溴苄为原料,具体制备方法同化合物6a的制备,收率67.5%。
(19)制备N-环丙基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-氨基二硫代甲酸-3-氰基苄酯(表1中化合物6r):
以3-氰基溴苄为原料,具体制备方法同化合物6a的制备,收率67.0%。
(20)制备N-环丙基-N-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基))-丙基-氨基二硫代甲酸-4-氰基苄酯(表1中化合物6s):
以4-氰基溴苄为原料,具体制备方法同化合物6a的制备,收率67.3%。
需要说明的是,制备其余目标化合物时,采用相应中间体(5)和R基团取代的苄作为原料,方法同上。本发明实施例中所用试剂均为市售分析纯。
以上制备的化合物的R基团、产率和核磁氢谱数据见表1。
表1本发明部分化合物的R基团、产率和核磁氢谱数据表
实施例2本发明化合物的药理实验
(一)实验方法
采用常规的体外抑菌实验方法,详见:Antimicrob Agents Chemother1995,39(5):1169。
(1)实验菌株
本实验选用了以下8种常见的人体致病标准真菌菌株作为筛选对象:
深部真菌:白念珠菌、新生隐球菌、光滑假丝酵母菌、近平滑假丝酵母菌;
浅部真菌:红色毛癣菌;
皮下真菌:石膏状小孢子菌、熏烟曲霉菌。
(2)试验方法
菌液制备:
实验前,用接种圈从4℃保存的SDA培养基上挑取新生隐球菌、白念珠菌和近平滑念珠菌等球状菌少量,接种至YPD培养基上,于30℃,生长一天,使真菌处于指数生长期后期。取该菌珠至1mlYEPD培养液中,用上述方法再次活化,16h后,用血细胞计数板计数,以RPMI1640培养液调整菌液浓度至1×103~5×103个/ml。
将丝状菌接种至SDA斜面,其中,皮下组织真菌和系统性真菌(裴氏着色真菌、申克氏孢子丝菌、烟曲霉菌)35℃,培养一周;浅表真菌(红色毛癣菌、石膏状小孢子菌、羊毛状小孢子菌)30℃,培养两周。各菌按本方法活化两次后,加适量RPMI1640培养液于SDA斜面,用吸管吹打菌落,使真菌孢子游离于RPMI1640培养液中,培养液经血细胞计数板计数后,加RPMI1640培养液调整孢子浓度至1×103~5×103个/ml。
药液制备:
受试药物分别用DMSO配成6.4g·L-1溶液,-20℃保存,实验前,将药液取出置35℃温箱融化备用。
药敏板制备:
取无菌96孔板,于每排1号孔加RPMI1640200μl作空白对照;3~12号孔各加新鲜配制的菌液100μl;2号孔受试化合物溶液200μl。2~11号孔10级2倍稀释,使各孔中的药物终浓度分别为64、32、16、8、4、2、1、0.5、0.25和0.125mg·L-1,2~12号孔各加100μl菌液,各孔中DMSO含量均低于1%;12号孔不含药物,作阳性对照。各药敏板于35℃培养。
MIC值判定:
念珠菌、新生隐球菌及丝状菌分别于30℃培养24h、72h和一周后,通过观察,与阳性对照孔比,以OD值下降80%以上的最低浓度孔中的药物浓度为MIC80(真菌生长80%被抑制时的药物浓度)。
当药物的MIC80值超过测定浓度范围时,按以下方法进行统计:MIC80值高于最高浓度64mg·L-1时,计为“>64mg·L-1”;MIC50值为最低浓度或在最低浓度以下时,不作区别,均计为“≤0.125mg·L-1”。
上述实验均平行操作2到3次,当MIC80值能准确重复或只差一个浓度时才被接受,并以较高浓度作为MIC80值[;当MIC80值相差两个浓度以上时,则需重新实验,直到符合要求为止。
(二)实验结果
体外抑菌实验结果见表2。由表2可见,本发明化合物具有良好的抗真菌活性,其中多个化合物如6c-k、6n、6o、6q-s其治疗深部真菌感染效果优于特比萘芬,抑制作用十分显著;大多数化合物对所选真菌的体外抑制活性远强于氟康唑和两性霉素B,因此本发明化合物及其盐类可用于制备抗真菌药物。
表2本发明部分化合物体外抗真菌最小抑菌浓度值(MIC80,μg/mL)
注:C.alb.白假丝酵母菌,C.par.近平滑念珠菌,C.neo.新生隐球菌,C.gla.光滑假丝酵母菌,A.fum.薰烟曲霉菌,T.rub.红色毛癣菌,M.gyp.石膏状小孢子菌,FCZ.氟康唑,ICZ.伊曲康唑,VCZ.沃利康唑,TRB.特比萘酚,AB.两性霉素B。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明方法的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和补充,这些改进和补充也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (6)
1.一类氮唑类化合物及其盐,化学结构通式如下:
其中,
R选自氢,卤素,氰基,硝基,可位于苯环的邻、间、对位,可以是单取代或多取代;
卤素选自F、Cl、Br、I;
所述化合物的R基团搭配分别如下:
2.根据权利要求1所述的氮唑类抗真菌化合物及其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述的化合物是消旋体、R型异构体或S型异构体。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的氮唑类化合物及其盐,其特征在于所述的盐为盐酸盐、硝酸盐、氢溴酸盐或甲烷磺酸盐。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一所述的氮唑类抗真菌化合物及其药学上可接受的盐的制备方法,其特征在于,包括下列步骤:
(1)制备中间体1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-(N-环丙基氨基)-2-醇;
(2)步骤(1)制备的中间体与CS2、三乙胺在乙醇中冰浴反应,然后加入各种取代溴苄,室温条件下反应生成目标化合物。
5.根据权利要求1-3任一所述的氮唑类抗真菌化合物及其药学上可接受的盐在制备抗真菌感染性疾病药物中的应用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,所述的真菌为白假丝酵母菌、近平滑假丝酵母菌、光滑假丝酵母菌、新生隐球菌、石膏状小孢子菌、红色毛癣菌或烟曲霉菌。
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CN105503753B (zh) * | 2016-01-05 | 2018-02-27 | 中国人民解放军第二军医大学 | 一种烯丙基胺代氮唑类抗真菌化合物及其制备方法和应用 |
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