CN103987823A - 润滑油组合物 - Google Patents
润滑油组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103987823A CN103987823A CN201280059870.5A CN201280059870A CN103987823A CN 103987823 A CN103987823 A CN 103987823A CN 201280059870 A CN201280059870 A CN 201280059870A CN 103987823 A CN103987823 A CN 103987823A
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 Sulphur compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940031826 phenolate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XATWXZSTERICGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yldisulfanyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole Chemical class CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)SSC1=NN=CS1 XATWXZSTERICGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYECAQIUJFNXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yldisulfanyl)-1,2,4-thiadiazole Chemical class CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)SSC=1N=CSN=1 RYECAQIUJFNXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MNLQIWXUSRABDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)SSc1csnn1 Chemical class CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)SSc1csnn1 MNLQIWXUSRABDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100352578 Nicotiana plumbaginifolia PMA3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150037674 PMA2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamodithioic acid Chemical compound NC(S)=S DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydromaleimide Natural products O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002228 disulfide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012990 dithiocarbamate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004659 dithiocarbamates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002193 fatty amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002195 fatty ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003008 phosphonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004867 thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/32—Heterocyclic sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds
- C10M135/36—Heterocyclic sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M145/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M145/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
- C10M145/12—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate monocarboxylic
- C10M145/14—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
- C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
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- C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
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- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/68—Shear stability
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
- C10N2040/042—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for automatic transmissions
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
润滑油组合物,其配合有100℃运动粘度为1.5mm2/s以上且3.5mm2/s以下的基础油1、100℃运动粘度超过3.5mm2/s且为100mm2/s以下的基础油2、质量平均分子量为1×104以上且4×104以下的聚甲基丙烯酸酯、和硫化合物;并且100℃运动粘度为5mm2/s以上且6mm2/s以下,粘度指数为200以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及适宜用于自动变速机的润滑油组合物。
背景技术
以往,市场上的自动变速机用润滑油通常是100℃的运动粘度为7.0mm2/s至9.0mm2/s的范围的自动变速机用润滑油。另一方面,为了实现自动变速机用润滑油的省燃耗化,有效的是降低搅拌阻力,从而需要降低润滑油的粘度。因此,提出了100℃运动粘度为5.0~6.0mm2/s的自动变速机油(参照专利文献1)。另外,还提出了在特定的润滑油基础油中含有特定的聚甲基丙烯酸酯系添加剂、使100℃运动粘度为3~8mm2/s的变速机用润滑油组合物(参照专利文献2)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2004-169025号公报
专利文献2:日本特开2006-117852号公报。
发明内容
发明要解决的技术问题
然而,低粘度的润滑油中,存在高温时油膜形成能力降低,变速机部件的耐久性(齿轮系的抗咬合性)降低的问题。另外,低粘度的润滑油在变速机的油压控制部易发生漏油,有可能变得无法进行变速控制。因此,为了兼具省燃耗性能和部件耐久性,重要的是长期将低温侧的粘度较低地维持,同时确保高温侧的粘度。在专利文献1、2所公开的变速机油中,也未必充分地同时满足上述性能。
本发明的目的在于提供省燃耗性、剪切稳定性和部件耐久性优异的润滑油组合物。
用于解决技术问题的手段
为了解决前述课题,本发明提供下述的润滑油组合物。
(1)润滑油组合物,其特征在于,配合有100℃运动粘度为1.5mm2/s以上且3.5mm2/s以下的基础油1、100℃运动粘度超过3.5mm2/s且为100mm2/s以下的基础油2、质量平均分子量为1×104以上且4×104以下的聚甲基丙烯酸酯、和硫化合物;并且100℃运动粘度为5mm2/s以上且6mm2/s以下,粘度指数为200以上。
(2)上述本发明的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,将所述基础油1的配合量(质量%)以组合物总量基准计设为A,将所述基础油2的配合量(质量%)以组合物总量基准计设为B时,满足下述式〔1〕
0.6≤A/(A+B)<1 〔1〕。
(3)上述本发明的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,所述基础油2的配合量B为10质量%以上。
(4)上述本发明的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,
所述聚甲基丙烯酸酯的配合量以组合物总量基准计为1质量%以上且16质量%以下。
(5)上述本发明的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,所述硫化合物的配合量以组合物总量基准计为0.03质量%以上。
(6)上述本发明的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,对于所述硫化合物,硫量以所述化合物基准计为20质量%以上。
(7)上述本发明的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,进一步配合有清洁分散剂、防磨损剂、摩擦调节剂、防锈剂、金属钝化剂、消泡剂、和抗氧化剂中的至少任一种。
(8)上述本发明的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,用于自动变速机。
根据本发明,可提供省燃耗性、剪切稳定性和部件耐久性优异的润滑油组合物。因此,本发明的润滑油组合物适宜用于自动变速机。
具体实施方式
本发明的润滑油组合物(以下,也简称为“本组合物”)配合有100℃运动粘度为1.5mm2/s以上且3.5mm2/s以下的基础油1、100℃运动粘度超过3.5mm2/s且为100mm2/s以下的基础油2、质量平均分子量为1×104以上且4×104以下的聚甲基丙烯酸酯、和硫化合物;且具有规定的100℃运动粘度和规定的粘度指数。以下,进行详细说明。
[基础油1]
本组合物中的基础油1的100℃运动粘度为1.5mm2/s以上且3.5mm2/s以下,优选为1.5mm2/s以上且2.5mm2/s以下。该100℃运动粘度若小于1.5mm2/s,则即使后述基础油2的粘度为规定的范围,抗咬合性也可能降低。另一方面,100℃运动粘度若超过3.5mm2/s,则即使后述的基础油2的粘度为规定的范围,省燃耗性也差。
作为这类基础油,只要100℃粘度为上述范围,则可以是矿物油也可以是合成油,或者也可以将它们混合使用。
作为矿物油,没有特别限制,可以从以往作为汽车用变速机用润滑油的基础油使用的矿物油中适宜选择任意矿物油使用。可举出例如,石蜡基系矿物油、中间基系矿物油、和萘基系矿物油等。
另外,作为合成油也没有特别限制,可举出例如,聚丁烯、聚烯烃、多元醇酯、二元酸酯、磷酸酯、聚苯醚、聚乙二醇、烷基苯、和烷基萘等。应予说明,作为聚烯烃,可举出例如α-烯烃均聚物、α-烯烃共聚物。
[基础油2]
本组合物中的基础油2的100℃运动粘度超过3.5mm2/s且为100mm2/s以下,优选为4mm2/s以上且8mm2/s以下。该100℃运动粘度若为3.5mm2/s以下,则即使上述基础油1的粘度为规定的范围,抗咬合性也可能降低。另一方面,100℃运动粘度若超过100mm2/s,则即使上述基础油1的粘度为规定的范围,省燃耗性也差。
基础油2除了粘度范围之外可适用与用作上述基础油1的矿物油或合成油相同种类的油。
这里,将上述基础油1的配合量(质量%)以组合物总量基准计设为A,将上述基础油2的配合量(质量%)以组合物总量基准计设为B时,优选满足下述式〔1〕
0.6≤A/(A+B)<1 〔1〕。
A/(A+B)若为0.6以上,则省燃耗性得到更充分发挥。因此,A/(A+B)更优选为0.65以上。其中,若未配合基础油2,则部件耐久性得不到充分发挥。
基础油2的配合量B以组合物总量基准计优选为5质量%以上、更优选为10质量%以上。基础油2的配合量B若为5质量%以上则轴承或齿轮部件的耐久性进一步提高。
[聚甲基丙烯酸酯]
本组合物中的聚甲基丙烯酸酯作为粘度指数改进剂有帮助,但需要质量平均分子量为1×104以上且4×104以下。该聚甲基丙烯酸酯的质量平均分子量若小于1×104,则作为粘度指数改进剂的效果并不充分。另一方面,该聚甲基丙烯酸酯的质量平均分子量若超过4×104,则剪切稳定性差。
作为这类聚甲基丙烯酸酯,可举出非分散型聚甲基丙烯酸酯和分散型聚甲基丙烯酸酯。它们可以单独使用1种,也可以组合使用。聚甲基丙烯酸酯的配合量以组合物总量基准计,优选为1质量%以上且16质量%以下,更优选为7质量%以上且13质量%以下。聚甲基丙烯酸酯的配合量若为1质量%以上,则粘度指数改进效果得不到充分发挥。另外,配合量若为16质量%以下,则省燃耗性提高。
[硫化合物]
本组合物中的硫化合物有助于传动装置(齿轮)等部件的耐久性。硫化合物中的硫含量,从提高耐久性的观点出发,以硫化合物基准计优选为20质量%以上。
作为这类硫化合物,适宜的是例如噻二唑化合物。
作为噻二唑化合物,优选可举出例如,2,5-双(正己基二硫代)-1,3,4-噻二唑、2,5-双(正辛基二硫代)-1,3,4-噻二唑、2,5-双(正壬基二硫代)-1,3,4-噻二唑、2,5-双(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基二硫代)-1,3,4-噻二唑、3,5-双(正己基二硫代)-1,2,4-噻二唑、3,6-双(正辛基二硫代)-1,2,4-噻二唑、3,5-双(正壬基二硫代)-1,2,4-噻二唑、3,5-双(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基二硫代)-1,2,4-噻二唑、4,5-双(正辛基二硫代)-1,2,3-噻二唑、4,5-双(正壬基二硫代)-1,2,3-噻二唑、和4,5-双(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基二硫代)-1,2,3-噻二唑等。
作为本组合物中的硫化合物,除了噻二唑化合物以外,还优选单或二硫化烯烃、二烃基单或二硫化物、二硫代氨基甲酸酯化合物、或具有二硫化物结构的酯化合物等。
硫化合物的优选配合量以组合物总量基准计为0.03质量%以上,优选为0.05质量%以上。其中,从氧化稳定性的观点出发,优选配合量为0.5质量%以下。
[本组合物]
本组合物配合有上述基础油和添加剂,100℃运动粘度为5mm2/s以上且6mm2/s以下。100℃运动粘度若小于5mm2/s,则部件耐久性差。另一方面,100℃运动粘度若超过6mm2/s,则省燃耗性差。
另外,本组合物的粘度指数为200以上。因此,高温粘度的降低少,部件耐久性优异。
本组合物配合有上述规定的混合基础油和规定的添加剂,因而在保持高温下的初期粘度的同时,在长期剪切后也保持适宜的粘度,由此可以发挥省燃耗性和部件耐久性。即,不会发生高温粘度的降低所致的部件耐久性的变差(齿轮的咬合)或油压控制部的油压泄漏等问题。因此,本组合物特别适合作为自动变速机用的润滑油。
在不阻碍发明效果的范围内,还可以对本组合物配合以下所示的各种添加剂。具体可举出清洁分散剂、防磨损剂、摩擦调节剂、和抗氧化剂等。
作为清洁分散剂,可以使用无灰系分散剂或金属系清洁剂。
作为无灰系分散剂,可举出例如,琥珀酰亚胺化合物、硼系酰亚胺化合物、曼尼希(Mannich)系分散剂、酰胺系化合物。它们可以单独使用1种、也可以组合2种以上使用。无灰系分散剂的配合量没有特别限定,以组合物总量基准计,优选为0.1质量%以上且20质量%以下。
作为金属系清洁剂,可举出例如,碱金属磺酸盐、碱金属苯酚盐、碱金属水杨酸盐、碱金属萘酸盐、碱土类金属磺酸盐、碱土类金属苯酚盐、碱土类金属水杨酸盐、碱土类金属萘酸盐。它们可以单独使用1种、也可以组合2种以上使用。金属系清洁剂的配合量没有特别限定,以组合物总量基准计,优选为0.1质量%以上且10质量%以下。
作为防磨损剂,可举出例如,硫系化合物或磷系化合物。作为硫系化合物,可举出例如,硫化烯烃、硫化油脂、硫化酯、硫代碳酸酯类、二硫代氨基甲酸酯类、多硫化物类。作为磷系化合物,可举出例如,亚磷酸酯类、磷酸酯类、膦酸酯类、和它们的胺盐或金属盐。它们可以单独使用1种、也可以组合2种以上使用。这些防磨损剂的配合量以组合物总量基准计,优选为0.1质量%以上且20质量%以下。
作为摩擦调节剂,可举出例如,脂肪酸酯、脂肪酰胺、脂肪酸、脂肪族醇、脂肪族胺、脂肪族醚。具体可举出:分子中具有至少1个碳原子数6至30的烷基或烯基的摩擦调节剂。例如,可优选使用油酸或油胺。它们可以单独使用1种、也可以组合2种以上使用。摩擦调节剂的配合量以组合物总量基准计,优选为0.01质量%以上且2质量%以下、更优选为0.01质量%以上且1质量%以下。
作为抗氧化剂,可举出例如,烷基化二苯基胺、苯基-α-萘基胺、烷基化-α-萘基胺等胺系抗氧化剂、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、4,4 -亚甲基双(2,6-二叔丁基苯酚)等酚系抗氧化剂等。抗氧化剂的配合量以组合物总量基准计优选为0.05质量%以上且25质量%以下。
实施例
以下,通过实施例更详细地说明本发明,但本发明不受这些例子的限定。
〔实施例1~5、比较例1~5〕
以表1所示组成制备各试样油,通过以下所示方法对运动粘度(40℃、100℃)、粘度指数、剪切稳定性、和齿轮的耐久性进行测定。
〔运动粘度〕
依照JIS K2283进行测定。
〔粘度指数〕
依照JIS K2283进行测定。
〔剪切稳定性〕
依照DIN52350-6进行KRL剪切试验。
具体地,使用KRL剪切试验机,测定剪切开始起96小时后的100℃运动粘度。实际使用上的目标是4.8mm2/s以上。
〔齿轮的耐久性〕
依照ASTM D5182-97进行FZG齿轮试验。
具体地,将齿轮节圆上速度设为8.3m/s,在油温90℃下阶段性地提高荷重等级,求出发生20mm以上的磨损宽度的荷重等级。
[表1]
1)矿物油1:100℃运动粘度为2.2mm2/s、粘度指数为109
2)矿物油2:100℃运动粘度为2.8mm2/s、粘度指数为109
3)矿物油3:100℃运动粘度为4.1mm2/s、粘度指数为126
4)矿物油4:100℃运动粘度为6.5mm2/s、粘度指数为130
5)PMA1:质量平均分子量为3×104的聚甲基丙烯酸酯
6)PMA2:质量平均分子量为5×104的聚甲基丙烯酸酯
7)PMA3:质量平均分子量为1.2×105的聚甲基丙烯酸酯
8)硫化合物:噻二唑系添加剂
9)其它添加剂:变速机用添加剂套装(package)(含有清洁分散剂、防磨损剂、摩擦调节剂、和抗氧化剂等的套装)。
〔评价结果〕
如表1所示,实施例1~5的试样油均为低粘度且高粘度指数,剪切稳定性和齿轮的耐久性也优异。所以,可以理解本发明的润滑油组合物尤其在用于自动变速机时显示出优异的性能。
另一方面,比较例1~5的试样油由于没有满足本发明的所有构成,因而并非在低粘度、高粘度指数、剪切稳定性和齿轮的耐久性的所有方面均良好。
Claims (8)
1.润滑油组合物,其特征在于,配合有:
100℃运动粘度为1.5mm2/s以上且3.5mm2/s以下的基础油1、
100℃运动粘度超过3.5mm2/s且为100mm2/s以下的基础油2、
质量平均分子量为1×104以上且4×104以下的聚甲基丙烯酸酯、和
硫化合物;
并且100℃运动粘度为5mm2/s以上且6mm2/s以下,粘度指数为200以上。
2.权利要求1所述的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,
将所述基础油1的配合量(质量%)以组合物总量基准计设为A,将所述基础油2的配合量(质量%)以组合物总量基准计设为B时,满足下述式〔1〕
0.6≤A/(A+B)<1 〔1〕。
3.权利要求1或2所述的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,
所述基础油2的配合量B为10质量%以上。
4.权利要求1至3中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,
所述聚甲基丙烯酸酯的配合量以组合物总量基准计为1质量%以上且16质量%以下。
5.权利要求1至4中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,
所述硫化合物的配合量以组合物总量基准计为0.03质量%以上。
6.权利要求1至5中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,
对于所述硫化合物,硫量以所述化合物基准计为20质量%以上。
7.权利要求1至6中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,
进一步配合有清洁分散剂、防磨损剂、摩擦调节剂、防锈剂、金属钝化剂、消泡剂、和抗氧化剂中的至少任一种。
8.权利要求1至7中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,用于自动变速机。
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