CN103975779A - Method for absorbing bleeding exudation of walnuts through sphagnum palustre to increase stem grafting survival rate - Google Patents
Method for absorbing bleeding exudation of walnuts through sphagnum palustre to increase stem grafting survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN103975779A CN103975779A CN201410243999.2A CN201410243999A CN103975779A CN 103975779 A CN103975779 A CN 103975779A CN 201410243999 A CN201410243999 A CN 201410243999A CN 103975779 A CN103975779 A CN 103975779A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for absorbing bleeding exudation of walnuts through sphagnum palustre to increase the stem grafting survival rate. The method comprises the following steps of (1) selecting grafting time; (2) preparing the sphagnum palustre; (3) scissoring a scion; (4) performing graft; (5) wrapping the grafting position by the sphagnum palustre; (6) arranging a guide bar; (7) binding up the grafting union; (8) processing a stock; (9) unbinding a grafting membrane. By wrapping the grafting position by the sphagnum palustre and arranging the guide bar, bleeding exudation can be absorbed and discharged effectively, injury to the grafting union and the scion due to gathering of a large amount of the bleeding exudation is avoided, temperature and humidity suitable for growth of callus are provided, and the stem grafting survival rate of the walnuts is increased. Tests prove that under the same grafting technological level, the grafting survival rate of the method reaches 91.2 percent- 94.7 percent and is 8 percent- 13 percent higher than that of the traditional grafting method, the bleeding exudation affecting grafting survival of the walnuts is effectively removed, and therefore, the method has wide application prospect in production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fruit-tree grafting technical field, specifically a kind of with bog moss absorption walnut bleeding, raising Ramulus Juglandis is connected into the method for motility rate.
Background technology
Bleeding is the main cause that causes walnut grafting survival rate low.Bleeding sap is too much, causes grafting mouth anoxic, suppresses the respiration of anvil fringe interface and the formation of callus, and graft survival rate is reduced; If bleeding sap focuses in a large number, grafting mouth is immersed in bleeding sap, can make interface and scion and go rotten, and callus is difficult to form, and causes grafting failure.Therefore, solving bleeding problem is to improve the key of walnut grafting survival rate.
At present, the method that overcomes walnut bleeding is on the books, and one is to slash at stock base portion the processing that discharges water, and bleeding is flowed out from stock bottom; Another kind is that grafting period is postponed, and on stock, retains some branches and leaves or bud, thereby reduces bleeding.But the method with certain material or material absorbing bleeding is not proposed.
In Chinese invention patent CN1166273, announced a kind of at the coated one deck sawdust of saw kerf the method as hygroscopic agent, the required fresh sawdust of this method need to be processed a large amount of timber, and will be through the sterilization of 600 times of carbendazim, dry, complicated operation, time-consuming.In production practices, the grafting mouth claying also adopting, the method for mound, but in the time of top grafting, operation easier is very large, also will push mound after scion survives aside, and the bud of scion just can make bud longer, time-consuming, and earth easily causes grafting mouthfeel to dye.
Bog moss is a kind of bryophyte, claim again sphagna, sweater, belong to Sphagnaceae Genus Sphagnum.It has unique morphosis and special water storage cell, can inhale the moisture holding for 15 times 25 times of himself weight, also has the antibacterial substances such as bog moss phenol simultaneously, makes it have superpower moisture holding capacity and special antibiotic property.Desirable plant cultivation media and seedling wood flower long-distance transport moisturizing packaging material.Bog moss has very strong adaptive capacity, is distributed under wet forest or in Marsh Wetland more, is cushion growth in flakes.
Before the application proposes, there is not yet the relevant report that utilizes bog moss absorption walnut bleeding raising Ramulus Juglandis to be connected into motility rate.
Summary of the invention
Cause grafting mouth anoxic for the bleeding producing at walnut grafting, suppress the respiration of anvil fringe interface and the formation of callus, cause graft survival rate to reduce, even assemble and cause grafting mouth to go rotten because bleeding is a large amount of, cause the problem of grafting failure, the invention provides a kind of method that is connected into motility rate with bog moss absorption walnut bleeding raising Ramulus Juglandis.For achieving the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
A method that is connected into motility rate with bog moss absorption bleeding raising Ramulus Juglandis, its step is as follows:
(1) grafting time: before walnut rudiment in spring.
(2) prepare bog moss: under the wet forest of walnut normal region periphery or the Marsh Wetland bog moss of manually gathering, the impurity such as silt, deadwood, fallen leaves, weeds are picked up.Grafting was drenched bog moss with springwater or river water the same day, made bog moss moisture content reach 10-15%.
(3) clip scion: select that kind is good, sprout is full, it is healthy and strong to enrich, medulla is less, without 1 year raw developmental branch or the fruit bearing shoot of damage by disease and insect, with little secateurs or averruncator clip.Wrap up scion with bog moss, there is moisture-keeping function, can effectively prevent branch dehydration, can the same day with adopting with use, without sealing with wax.
(4) grafting: adopt conventional stem grafting method (as: " cortex grafting ", " cleft grafting ", " cut-grafting "), first sawed-off stock, then cut scion, and then access scion.
(5) parcel bog moss: insert after scion, the bog moss of getting ready is wrapping on stock saw kerf and anvil fringe graft union, form one deck integument.The integument thickness 3-5cm of saw kerf, diameter is greater than diameter of stock 2-3cm.The Jacket thickness at anvil fringe graft union is 1-2cm, and width is greater than notch depth 2-3cm.
(6) conduction stick is set: in the middle of the stock and integument on the lower one side of saw kerf face, from bottom to top insert the waddy of a long 8-15cm diameter 2-3mm or culm as conduction stick, the waddy of insertion or culm top can not exceed stock saw kerf face.
(7) wrapping: with grafting membrane, the wrapping of grafting mouth is obturaged, 3-5cm outside grafting membrane will be exposed in conduction stick lower end, is convenient to bleeding and discharges.
(8) stock processing: to the stock processing that discharges water, scion every inspection in 7 days once, finds that stock sprout tillers will erase in time after sprouting.
(9) solution is tied up: more than scion grows into 40cm, after the obvious overstriking of scion base portion, solution is tied up grafting membrane, the bog moss self falling of parcel.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the present invention can effectively absorb the bleeding that walnut grafting produces, and unnecessary bleeding can be along the outflow of the gap of conduction stick, avoids a large amount of gathering of bleeding to cause damage to grafting mouth and scion.Absorbed bleeding sap is stored in bog moss, under grafting membrane sealing wrapping effect, the temperature of grafting on daytime mouth reduces 2-3 DEG C than traditional grafting method, the temperature of grafting at night mouth increases 1-2 DEG C than traditional grafting method, make to transfer interface temperature and maintain 25-30 DEG C, humidity remains on 50%-55%, has formed the temperature and humidity of optimum callus growth.Put into practice for many years utilization by inventor, equal graft technology level, is used the graft survival rate of the inventive method to improve 8%-13% than traditional grafting method, uses the graft survival rate of the inventive method to reach 91.2-94.7%.
(2) bog moss used in the present invention has a large amount of distributions under the wet forest of walnut normal region periphery or in Marsh Wetland, can gather materials on the spot, and cost is very cheap; In addition, the present invention is simple to operate, practical environmental protection, time and labour saving, because containing the antibacterial substances such as natural bog moss phenol in bog moss, energy bacteria growing inhibiting, can not cause grafting mouthfeel to dye, compare the method that adopts sawdust and mound absorption bleeding, the present invention only need do simple removal of contamination processing to bog moss, without carrying out numerous and diverse disinfection processing.
embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described:
Embodiment 1:
(1) grafting time: 2 days-February 5 February in 2012.
(2) grafting place: pregnancy mountain, pregnancy village, hot spring countryside, Changning County, Yunnan Province.
(3) prepare bog moss: under the wet forest of implementing grafting ground periphery or the Marsh Wetland bog moss of manually gathering, the impurity such as silt, deadwood, fallen leaves, weeds are picked up.Grafting was drenched bog moss with springwater or river water the same day, made bog moss moisture content reach 10-15%.
(4) clip scion: select " bulla walnut " 1 year raw developmental branch as scion, select sprout full, enrich healthy and strong, medulla is less, without the branch of damage by disease and insect, with little secateurs or averruncator clip.Branch wraps up with bog moss, can the same day with adopting with use, without sealing with wax.
(5) grafting: the iron walnut stock of diameter 3-8cm, sawed-off with handsaw apart from 50-60cm place, ground, is selected to the perfectly straight level and smooth side of stock, and with grafting mouth of grafting knife vertical cut, the width of otch equates with scion or be close, the dark 3-5cm of otch.Then cut scion, 1-3 bud stayed in scion, and below the most next bud mouth, a cutter is cut at 1cm place, and long 3-5cm cuts a little tangent plane of the shape of a hoof overleaf, is about 2cm, and cutting of both sides mouthful will smoothly can not play the ridge.Grafting mouth is inserted in large scion bevel subtend stock inner side, and white 5mm is stayed in scion, and scion at least will have on one side and align with the formation layer of stock.
(6) parcel bog moss: insert after scion, with bog moss parcel stock saw kerf and the anvil fringe graft union got ready.The thickness of saw kerf parcel is 3cm, and diameter is greater than diameter of stock 2cm.The Jacket thickness at anvil fringe graft union is 1cm, and width is greater than notch depth 2cm.
(7) conduction stick is set: clutch bog moss integument with hand, in the middle of the stock and integument on the lower one side of saw kerf face, from bottom to top insert the waddy of a long 8-10cm diameter 2-3mm or culm as conduction stick, conduction stick top can not exceed stock saw kerf face.
(8) wrapping: with grafting membrane, the wrapping of grafting mouth is obturaged, conduction stick lower end will be exposed at the outer 3cm of grafting membrane, is convenient to bleeding and discharges.
(9) stock processing: to the stock processing that discharges water, scion every inspection in 7 days once, finds that stock sprout tillers will erase in time after sprouting.
(10) solution is tied up: more than scion grows into 40cm, after the obvious overstriking of scion base portion, solution is tied up grafting membrane, the bog moss self falling of parcel.
Inventor adopts the inventive method on pregnancy mountain, pregnancy village, hot spring countryside, Changning County, Yunnan Province, implement iron walnut grafting and improve 627 strains, daily inspection in July 12 in 2012, survive 572 strains, graft survival rate 91.2%, the healing of grafting mouth is better, scion young sprout average increment 47cm.
Embodiment 2:
(1) grafting time: on February 17th, 2013.
(2) grafting place: the right Wen Cun in rural area town, Changning County, Yunnan Province.
(3) prepare bog moss: under the implement grafting wet forest of periphery or the Marsh Wetland bog moss of manually gathering, the impurity such as silt, deadwood, fallen leaves, weeds are picked up.Grafting was drenched bog moss with springwater or river water the same day, made bog moss moisture content reach 10-15%.
(4) clip scion: select " thin fragrant walnut " 1 annual bearing branch as scion, select sprout full, enrich healthy and strong, medulla is less, without the branch of damage by disease and insect, with little secateurs or averruncator clip.Branch wraps up with bog moss, can the same day with adopting with use, without sealing with wax.
(5) grafting: stock is sawed-off with handsaw apart from 60-70cm place, ground, at grafting mouth of stock vertical cut, the width of otch equates with scion or be close, the dark 3-5cm of otch with grafting knife by the iron walnut stock of diameter 8-12cm.Then cut scion, 2-3 bud stayed in scion, and below next bud mouth, a cutter is cut at 1cm place, and long 3-5cm, cuts a little tangent plane of the shape of a hoof overleaf, is about 2cm, and cutting of both sides mouthful will smoothly can not play the ridge.Grafting mouth is inserted in large scion bevel subtend stock inner side, and white 5mm is stayed in scion, and scion will guarantee to have at least one side to align with the formation layer of stock.By same procedure, remarry and connect 1 scion at stock opposite side.
(6) parcel bog moss: after 2 scion are inserted, with bog moss parcel stock saw kerf and the anvil fringe graft union got ready.The Jacket thickness of saw kerf is 4cm, and diameter is greater than diameter of stock 2cm.The Jacket thickness at anvil fringe graft union is 1cm, and width is greater than notch depth 2cm.
(7) conduction stick is set: first grafting membrane is pulled into slice and tie up admittedly good bog moss integument, in the middle of the stock and integument on the lower one side of saw kerf face, from bottom to top insert the waddy of a long 7-9cm diameter 2-3mm or culm as conduction stick, conduction stick top can not exceed stock saw kerf face.
(8) wrapping: with grafting membrane, the wrapping of grafting mouth is obturaged, conduction stick lower end will be exposed at the outer 4cm of grafting membrane of wrapping, is convenient to bleeding and discharges.
(9) stock processing: to the stock processing that discharges water, scion every inspection in 7 days once, finds that stock sprout tillers will excise in time after sprouting.
(10) solution is tied up: more than scion grows into 40cm, after the obvious overstriking of scion base portion, solution is tied up grafting membrane, the bog moss self falling of parcel.
Inventor adopts the inventive method in You Wen village, rural area town, Changning County, Changning County, Yunnan Province of Yunnan Province, implement iron walnut grafting and improve 76 strains, daily inspection in July 18 in 2013, survive 71 strains, graft survival rate 93.4%, the healing of grafting mouth is better, scion young sprout average increment 43cm.
Embodiment 3
(1) grafting time: on February 22nd, 2013.
(2) grafting place: Ba Xiang Wan Gang village, land for growing field crops, Changning County, Yunnan Province.
(3) prepare bog moss: under the implement grafting wet forest of periphery or the Marsh Wetland bog moss of manually gathering, the impurity such as silt, deadwood, weeds are picked up.Grafting was drenched bog moss with springwater or river water the same day, made bog moss moisture content reach 10-15%.
(4) clip scion: select " thin fragrant walnut " 1 year raw developmental branch as scion, select sprout full, enrich healthy and strong, medulla is less, without the branch of damage by disease and insect, with little secateurs or averruncator clip.Branch wraps up with bog moss, can the same day with adopting with use, without sealing with wax.
(5) grafting: stock is sawed-off with handsaw apart from 60-70cm place, ground, the straight level and smooth place of gating below saw kerf, with grafting knife vertical standardized cutter from top to bottom, is deep to xylem, long 8-10cm by the iron walnut stock of diameter 10-15cm.Then cut scion, 1-2 bud stayed in scion, and xylem 1/2 place is goed deep in the below 1cm partial application of next bud mouth, then cut forward to termination, scion back side epidermis is pruned, and fined away in the lower end of scion, then scion is inserted to stock longitudinal incision place, white 5mm is stayed in scion.
(6) parcel bog moss: after scion is inserted, with bog moss parcel stock saw kerf and the anvil fringe graft union got ready.The Jacket thickness of saw kerf is 5cm, and diameter is greater than diameter of stock 3cm.The Jacket thickness at anvil fringe graft union is 1.5cm, and width is greater than notch depth 3cm.
(7) conduction stick is set: first grafting membrane is pulled into slice and tie up admittedly good bog moss integument, in the middle of the stock epidermis and integument on the lower one side of saw kerf face, from bottom to top insert the waddy of a long 13-15cm diameter 2-3mm or culm as conduction stick, conduction stick top can not exceed stock saw kerf face.
(8) wrapping: with grafting membrane, the wrapping of grafting mouth is obturaged, conduction stick lower end will be exposed at the outer 5cm of wrapping film, is convenient to bleeding and discharges.
(9) stock processing: to the stock processing that discharges water, scion every inspection in 7 days once, finds that stock sprout tillers will excise in time after sprouting.
(10) solution is tied up: more than scion grows into 40cm, after the obvious overstriking of scion base portion, solution is tied up grafting membrane, the bog moss self falling of parcel.
Inventor adopts the inventive method in Ba Xiang Wan Gang village, land for growing field crops, Changning County, Yunnan Province of Yunnan Province, implement iron walnut grafting and improve 57 strains, daily inspection in Augusts 7 in 2013, survive 54 strains, graft survival rate 94.7%, the healing of grafting mouth is better, scion young sprout average increment 62cm.
Claims (2)
1. the method that is connected into motility rate with bog moss absorption bleeding raising Ramulus Juglandis, is characterized in that step is as follows:
(1) grafting time is selected: before walnut rudiment in spring;
(2) prepare bog moss: under the wet forest of walnut normal region periphery or the Marsh Wetland bog moss of manually gathering, pick up the impurity such as silt, deadwood, fallen leaves and weeds, grafting was drenched bog moss with springwater or river water the same day, made bog moss moisture content reach 10-15%;
(3) clip scion: select that kind is good, sprout is full, it is healthy and strong to enrich, medulla is less, without 1 year raw developmental branch or the fruit bearing shoot of damage by disease and insect, with little secateurs or averruncator clip.Wrap up scion with bog moss, there is moisture-keeping function, can effectively prevent scion dehydration;
(4) grafting: adopt conventional stem grafting method, first sawed-off stock, then cut scion, and then access scion;
(5) parcel bog moss: insert after scion, the bog moss of getting ready is wrapping on stock saw kerf and anvil fringe graft union, form one deck integument, the integument thickness 3-5cm of saw kerf, diameter is greater than diameter of stock 2-3cm, the Jacket thickness at anvil fringe graft union is 1-2cm, and width is greater than notch depth 2-3cm;
(6) conduction stick is set: in the middle of the stock and integument on the lower one side of saw kerf face, from bottom to top insert the waddy of a long 8-15cm diameter 2-3mm or culm as conduction stick, conduction stick top can not exceed stock saw kerf face;
(7) wrapping: with grafting membrane, the wrapping of grafting mouth is obturaged, 3-5cm outside grafting membrane will be exposed in conduction stick lower end, is convenient to bleeding and discharges;
(8) stock processing: to the stock processing that discharges water, scion every inspection in 7 days once, finds that stock sprout tillers will erase in time after sprouting;
(9) solution is tied up: more than scion grows into 40cm, after the obvious overstriking of scion base portion, solution is tied up grafting membrane, the bog moss self falling of parcel.
2. the method that is connected into motility rate with bog moss absorption bleeding raising Ramulus Juglandis according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described conventional scion grafting of step (4) is cortex grafting, cleft grafting and cut-grafting.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104542013A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-04-29 | 云南省林业科学院 | Method for grafting big juglans sigillata trees |
| CN104737822A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-01 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Grafting method for improving intra-membrane circulation environment |
| CN104996249A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-10-28 | 阮积恩 | Sweet orange planting method |
| CN105145123A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-12-16 | 卿厚明 | Single bud cleft grafting method of walnut seedlings |
| CN109348885A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-02-19 | 宁德市农业科学研究所 | A method of tree peony summer budding survival rate is improved with bog moss |
| CN113615409A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2021-11-09 | 成都天河农业旅游发展有限公司 | Novel grafting method for Chinese honeylocust trees |
| CN114391413A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-04-26 | 保亭智农农业发展有限责任公司 | Rapid cultivation method of durian seedlings |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104542013A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-04-29 | 云南省林业科学院 | Method for grafting big juglans sigillata trees |
| CN104737822A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-01 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Grafting method for improving intra-membrane circulation environment |
| CN104996249A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-10-28 | 阮积恩 | Sweet orange planting method |
| CN105145123A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-12-16 | 卿厚明 | Single bud cleft grafting method of walnut seedlings |
| CN109348885A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-02-19 | 宁德市农业科学研究所 | A method of tree peony summer budding survival rate is improved with bog moss |
| CN113615409A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2021-11-09 | 成都天河农业旅游发展有限公司 | Novel grafting method for Chinese honeylocust trees |
| CN114391413A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-04-26 | 保亭智农农业发展有限责任公司 | Rapid cultivation method of durian seedlings |
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| CN103975779B (en) | 2015-08-05 |
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