CN108093916A - A kind of shiny-leaved yellowhorn low production forest improved variety remodeling method - Google Patents
A kind of shiny-leaved yellowhorn low production forest improved variety remodeling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108093916A CN108093916A CN201711420335.9A CN201711420335A CN108093916A CN 108093916 A CN108093916 A CN 108093916A CN 201711420335 A CN201711420335 A CN 201711420335A CN 108093916 A CN108093916 A CN 108093916A
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- leaved yellowhorn
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of shiny-leaved yellowhorn low production forest improved variety remodeling methods, belong to technical field of gardening.Main technical schemes select the continuous 3 years result above of single plant in three annual bearings of more than 3kg or continuous and the plant of average benevolence oil content >=35% as follows；Scion is given birth in acquisition mid-August then, removes blade after scion picking, 4 DEG C of aquatic preservations are grafted in 10 days；Diameter of stock is selected to be grafted immediately after taking fringe in the branch of more than 3cm, engrafting method is patch bud grafting, and plastic strip bondage is used after grafting；Cut anvil is carried out before being sprouted after grafting by winter dormancy, spring next year sprouting, summer and autumn fix the serious branch of excessive growth using special fixator；Using remodeling method provided by the invention and special fixator, significantly improve shiny-leaved yellowhorn graft survival rate, at the same solve subtract anvil after help the problems such as being not easy to find impetus when tying up.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of gardening, and in particular to a kind of shiny-leaved yellowhorn low production forest improved variety remodeling method.
Background technology
Woody oleiferous plants industry is the conventional industries in China, is also to provide the important sources of healthy high-quality edible plant oil.Closely
Nian Lai, China's edible vegetable oil consumption figure sustainable growth, demand gap constantly expand, and external dependence degree substantially rises, and eat and plant
Security issues become increasingly urgent for object oil.It is pointed out in the opinion for accelerating woody oleiferous plants industry development：Strive the year two thousand twenty, build up 800
A oil tea, walnut, the oil woody oleiferous plants Counties such as tree peony, shiny-leaved yellowhorn, establish a collection of standardization, intensive, scale, industry
Change Demonstration Base, woody oleiferous plants cultivated area develops to 200,000,000 mu from existing 1.2 hundred million mu, produces 1500000 tons of left sides of woody edible oil per year
It is right.Shiny-leaved yellowhorn is the woody oil tree species being suitble in the northern area of China development, and development shiny-leaved yellowhorn is as reinforcement ecological construction, hair
Exhibition forestry industry, the emphasis that increasing peasant income is promoted to get rich.But shiny-leaved yellowhorn natural forests and low production forest account for the existing shiny-leaved yellowhorn gross area
More than 90%, it improves and has shiny-leaved yellowhorn low production forest and natural forests fruit yield, improves fruit oil content, be development shiny-leaved yellowhorn industry
Key.
The transformation of natural forests and low production forest mainly with height is connect and is changed based on hat, the management after the technical method of grafting and grafting
It is the key that grafting survival.Wherein engrafting method species is various, and there is method report in 3 season of spring and summer autumn.Chinese scholar explores perhaps
The engrafting method of more shiny-leaved yellowhorns, as the 3-4 months using connect with wooden bud, cortex grafting, connect using T-shaped bud 5-7 months, the 8-9 months are using band
The methods of wooden bud connects is grafted and counts survival rate, has studied stock rugosity and the relation of graft survival rate, stock rugosity
More than raising (Chang Yuemei etc., economic forest research, 2013,31 (2) that 0.4cm is conducive to graft survival rate：154-156)；It is transferring
Wu Yueliang etc. on crucial technical problem is met, engrafting method, Type of scion, grafting people and the weather condition of grafting are ground
Study carefully, the results showed that：Different engrafting methods have pole to significantly affect graft survival rate, and Type of scion is to graft survival rate without shadow
It rings, different grafting people and weather condition are had pole to significantly affect graft survival rate, carried graft survival rate using side grafting method
Up to 90.5%, best grafter average graft survival rate under various weather conditions reaches 86.8%, calm at the cloudy day
Under the conditions of all grafter be averaged graft survival rate up to 82.0% (Wu Yueliang etc., northern gardening, 2011 (23)：29-30).With
Upper research improves the success rate of shiny-leaved yellowhorn grafting to a certain extent, but rate of scionwood utility is still unable to reach ideal with survival rate
It is horizontal.Managing after grafting is particularly important to improving graft survival rate simultaneously, and shiny-leaved yellowhorn height connects grafting, and graft growth is more rapid,
Excessive growth is serious, forms the phenomenon that top-heavy, easily causes windbreak.These branches of excessive growth should be helped in time and tied up in anvil stake, avoid wind
Folding, but connects stock butt when changing hat there are height, helps and ties up the problems such as being not easy to find impetus and be not easy to solve.
The content of the invention
To make up the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of shiny-leaved yellowhorn low production forest improved variety remodeling method and solves grafting
The problems such as being not easy to find impetus when tying up is helped after subtracting anvil, while is remarkably improved the survival rate of shiny-leaved yellowhorn.
Technical scheme is as follows：A kind of shiny-leaved yellowhorn low production forest improved variety remodeling method, includes the following steps：
(1) excellent shiny-leaved yellowhorn germplasm is selected：The continuous 3 years result above of single plant are selected in three annual bearings of more than 3kg or continuous
And the plant of average benevolence oil content >=35%；
(2) scion is handled：Scion is given birth in acquisition mid-August then, removes blade after scion picking, 4 DEG C of aquatic preservations, 10 days
Interior grafting；
(3) grafting is handled：Diameter of stock is selected to be grafted immediately after taking fringe in the branch of more than 3cm, engrafting method is patch bud
Grafting uses plastic strip bondage after grafting；
(4) help and tie up：Cut anvil is carried out before being sprouted after grafting by winter dormancy, spring next year sprouting, summer and autumn are to excessive growth
Serious branch is fixed using special fixator；
The special fixator includes the strip folder being connected with each other and clip, and the clip is including connecting plate A and admittedly
Determine ring, the retainer ring one end open is simultaneously set there are two through hole, and the corner of the connecting plate A is equipped with through hole；Described
Strip folder includes bending clamping plate, and the one side of the bending clamping plate is bevel edge, and the bevel edge side is fixed with connecting plate B, described
Through hole there are two being set on clamping plate is bent, is set on the connecting plate B there are one through hole, the connecting plate A and connecting plate B passes through
Bolt is fixedly connected.
Further, the bondage described in step (3), which operates, is：Individual layer mulch item, other positions winding 1 are wound at bud eye
Layer or more mulch item.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
(1) present invention carries out taking fringe and grafting in summer and autumn boundary, and grafting time is sufficient compared with spring, when avoiding the busy farming season in spring
Section, and before the next spring sprouting can mend at the grafting not survived and connect, whole grafting progress is not influenced.
(2) adopt fringe and choose cutting orchard select tree raw sprouting then, avoid influencing the second annual output of cutting orchard, the present invention uses patch
Bud engrafting method, rate of scionwood utility are high, and about 8-10 bud can be used effectively in each scion, reduce the quantity of adopting fringe and
Cost reduces adopt influence of the fringe to the second annual output of cutting orchard select tree as far as possible.
(3) it is high using patch bud method grafting shiny-leaved yellowhorn survival rate, about 97%, it is higher by more than 7% compared with prior art survival rate.
(4) using what the present invention specially designed the instrument of tying up newborn branch serious to excessive growth is helped help tying up, protection grafting
Point is helped and ties up that tool construction is exquisite, installation and application is simple, does not influence shoot growth from windbreak, while after solving and subtracting anvil
Help the problems such as being not easy to find impetus when tying up.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of clip；
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of strip folder；
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of special fixator；
Fig. 4 is shiny-leaved yellowhorn engrafting method schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of shiny-leaved yellowhorn grafting survival；
Wherein：1st, connecting plate A, 2, retainer ring, 3, bending clamping plate, 4, connecting plate B.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described further, but does not limit the scope of the invention, following implementations
Example using Tongliao City morals town shiny-leaved yellowhorn base as cutting orchard, selection select tree as sample tree, number MMT01, MMT02,
MMT03、MMT04、MMT05、MMT06、MMT07、MMT08、MMT09、MMT10、MMT11、MMT12、MMT13、MMT14、
MMT15, MMT16 carry out improved variety transformation to Fuxin Mongolia Autonomous Country low yield shiny-leaved yellowhorn woods.
Embodiment 1
(1) scion is handled
Take choiceness as sample tree of MMT01-MMT16, carry out within 15th adopting fringe in August.It is chosen when adopting fringe raw then thick
Vigorous branches item, is removed with averruncator.Blade is cut with shrub and hedge trimmer immediately after removing, 0.5-1cm petioles is only stayed, prevents moisture evaporation from connecing
Fringe is drained.Below scion 5cm can be immersed in the water, 4 DEG C preserve 10 days or so.
(2) grafting is handled
During grafting the stock of diameter >=3cm is selected to ensure survival rate, select to be considered as during grafting part and stock is tree-like matches somebody with somebody
It closes, more options are grafted on the inside of stock branch to be helped to remain preferably tree-like.Engrafting method selection patch bud connects, every Root-stock selection
Wattles graft 10 buds.Concrete operation step is as follows：
1) stock is cut
In stock away from a shiny surface is selected at ground 1m, a knife is gently cut from bottom to top；When cutting, with wrist gently rotary cutter,
It is about 2.5~3cm, deep about 2mm.
2) scion is cut
Enter knife at the about 1.25cm of the upper end of bud eye and gently cut downwards, until bud eye position starts rotary cutter, under bud eye
About 1.25cm places is held to stop, cutting into thickness about 2mm, remove fusiformis bud tablets with xylem, bud tablets are more smaller than the notch of stock.
3) anvil fringe engages
It will budder and be attached on stock, and make to budder as far as possible and align with the lower end of stock with both sides forming layer, upper end can slightly be shown
Gap.
4) bondage
With the mulch item that 90mm, width about 30mm, thickness are 0.008mm is about, bundle sternly tightens, and is allowed to impermeable up and down
It is water, air tight.Twine individual layer at bud eye, elsewhere can be with multilayer, as shown in Figure 4.Bondage need not be released, next year bud eye can be voluntarily
Break through film.If with other harder plastic strip bondages, bondage is manually released when bud is sprouted.
5) survival rate is observed
Grafting is whether observable grafting survives after 14 days, observes bud and petiole whether there is blackening, petiole is touched with finger tip
It is i.e. tear-away to illustrate grafting survival, as shown in figure 5, the grafting point not survived can be mended then or before the next spring sprouting
It connects.
(3) cut anvil
Bud be connected into it is living after, will budder more than stock limb wipe out.The position of cut anvil at the more than 1cm that budders, when cutting to
It is tiltedly cut the behind of bud.Clip slightly higher place more than bud connects, the back side is lower slightly, is conducive to heal.
(4) remove and sprout
After grafting survival, running check, removes the sprout tillers that the following stock of interface is born in time, to concentrate nutrient, moisture
Being grown for young sprout needs.
(5) help and tie up
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, special fixator includes the strip being connected with each other folder and clip, and the clip includes connection
Plate A1 and retainer ring 2,2 one end open of retainer ring are simultaneously set there are two through hole, and the corner of the connecting plate A1 is equipped with
Through hole；The strip folder includes bending clamping plate 3, and the one side of the bending clamping plate 3 is bevel edge, and the bevel edge side is fixed with company
Fishplate bar B4 is set on the bending clamping plate 3 there are two through hole, sets that there are one through hole, the connections on the connecting plate B4
Plate A1 is bolted to connection with connecting plate B4.
Help tying up to sprouting excessive growth branch then according to the actual angle of branch and stock, help when tying up first by clip
Retainer ring 2 is sleeved on stock, is made along excessive growth branch root is close on clip, clip opening is fixed with dovetail clip.By connecting plate A1
It is fixed on connecting plate B 4 according to the angle of excessive growth branch with bolt and nut on clip, while excessive growth branch is stuck in bending
It is fixed in the groove of clamping plate 3, if excessive growth branch is meticulous, groove can be clamped with dovetail clip and fixed.
The part that special fixator is related to can use white flower plate to make, and the material hardness is higher and has certain toughness, can be effective
It fixes and prevents branch windbreak, dovetail clip fixes that dynamics is moderate does not interfere with shoot growth.It can be solved after place's growth securely to be grafted
It removes, part can be recycled.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of shiny-leaved yellowhorn low production forest improved variety remodeling method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) excellent shiny-leaved yellowhorn germplasm is selected：The continuous 3 years result above of single plant are selected in three annual bearings of more than 3kg or continuous and are put down
The plant of equal benevolence oil content >=35%；
(2) scion is handled：Scion is given birth in acquisition mid-August then, removes blade after scion picking, 4 DEG C of aquatic preservations are transferred in 10 days
It connects；
(3) grafting is handled：Diameter of stock is selected to be grafted immediately after taking fringe in the branch of more than 3cm, engrafting method is transferred for patch bud
It connects, plastic strip bondage is used after grafting；
(4) help and tie up：Cut anvil is carried out before being sprouted after grafting by winter dormancy, spring next year sprouting, summer and autumn are serious to excessive growth
Branch fixed using special fixator；
The special fixator includes the strip being connected with each other folder and clip, and the clip includes connecting plate A (1) and fixes
Ring (2), the retainer ring (2) one end open are simultaneously set there are two through hole, and the corner of the connecting plate A (1) is equipped with through hole；
The strip folder includes bending clamping plate (3), and the one side of the bending clamping plate (3) is bevel edge, and the bevel edge side is fixed with company
Fishplate bar B (4) is set on the bending clamping plate (3) there are two through hole, is set on the connecting plate B (4) there are one through hole, described
Connecting plate A (1) and connecting plate B (4) be bolted to connection.
2. shiny-leaved yellowhorn low production forest improved variety remodeling method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step (3)
Bondage operates：Individual layer mulch item is wound at bud eye, other positions wind 1 layer or more mulch item.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711420335.9A CN108093916A (en) | 2017-12-25 | 2017-12-25 | A kind of shiny-leaved yellowhorn low production forest improved variety remodeling method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711420335.9A CN108093916A (en) | 2017-12-25 | 2017-12-25 | A kind of shiny-leaved yellowhorn low production forest improved variety remodeling method |
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| CN108093916A true CN108093916A (en) | 2018-06-01 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111937610A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-17 | 信阳农林学院 | Grafting method for camellia oleifera trees |
| CN112449893A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-09 | 无锡南村花卉苗木专业合作社 | Cultivation device for grafting of flower nursery stocks |
| CN114402827A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-04-29 | 张掖市黄河农林牧科技有限公司 | Shiny-leaved yellowhorn grafting fixing device |
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| CN102106238A (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2011-06-29 | 井关农机株式会社 | Grafted seedling producing device |
| CN105230355A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-01-13 | 魏波 | Grahfting method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge |
| CN105275932A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-27 | 南通双豪机械有限公司 | Hoop for fixing elbow |
| CN105917974A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-09-07 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Culture method for xanthoceras sorbifolium young seedling grafting container seedlings |
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2017
- 2017-12-25 CN CN201711420335.9A patent/CN108093916A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102106238A (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2011-06-29 | 井关农机株式会社 | Grafted seedling producing device |
| CN105275932A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-27 | 南通双豪机械有限公司 | Hoop for fixing elbow |
| CN105230355A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-01-13 | 魏波 | Grahfting method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge |
| CN105917974A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-09-07 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Culture method for xanthoceras sorbifolium young seedling grafting container seedlings |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 彭方仁: "《经济林栽培与利用》", 1 January 2007, 中国林业出版社 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111937610A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-17 | 信阳农林学院 | Grafting method for camellia oleifera trees |
| CN112449893A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-09 | 无锡南村花卉苗木专业合作社 | Cultivation device for grafting of flower nursery stocks |
| CN114402827A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-04-29 | 张掖市黄河农林牧科技有限公司 | Shiny-leaved yellowhorn grafting fixing device |
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Application publication date: 20180601 |