CN103975772B

CN103975772B - Method for performing shiitake substitute cultivation through bamboo sawdust

Info

Publication number: CN103975772B
Application number: CN201410238310.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 艾玉春; 刘志凌; 顾巍巍; 肖蓉
Original assignee: Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2014-05-29
Filing date: 2014-05-29
Publication date: 2015-05-20
Anticipated expiration: 2034-05-29
Also published as: CN103975772A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for performing shiitake substitute cultivation through bamboo sawdust. The method comprises preparation of culture media, inoculation, spore germination management and fruiting management. The preparation of the culture media comprises the following steps of (1) weighing and dosing raw materials by mass: 35%-40% of the bamboo sawdust, 35%-40% wood sawdust, 7% of cultivation auxiliary materials, 17% of wheat bran and 1% of sucrose, wherein the total mass is 100%; (2) soaking the bamboo sawdust and the wood sawdust in a water pool for 8-12 hours; (3) mixing the bamboo sawdust, the wood sawdust, the cultivation auxiliary materials, the wheat bran and the sucrose to be prepared into culture medium raw materials with 60% of water content; (4) bagging the culture medium raw materials, and performing autoclaved sterilization on the culture medium raw materials in bags; (5) naturally cooling bar materials at the temperature under 80 DEG C, taking the bar materials out of a stove, putting the bar materials in a cooling room to perform cooling, and performing inoculation when the temperature of the bar materials is below 28 DEG C. The cultivation auxiliary materials include zeolite powder and perlite expansion powder. The improvement on the method is that the cultivation auxiliary materials further include zinc sulfate. By means of the method, usage of the wood sawdust is reduced remarkably, leftovers of bamboos can be made full use of, and the shiitake is high in yield and good in quality.

Description

The method of mushroom substituting stuff cultivation is carried out with bamboo bits

Technical field

The present invention relates to arviculture field, particularly a kind of method for cultivating mushroom.

Background technology

Mushroom is the Mycophyta of a kind of growth on timber, owing to being of high nutritive value, delicious flavour and extensively being eaten by whole world people, and has higher medical value.China searches for food and the country of cultured mushroom bacterium in the world the earliest, the prelude of mushroom industry development has been pulled open in the enforcement of reform and opening-up, the enthusiasm that vast farmers produces mushroom bacterium is greatly mobilized, present China mushroom production accounts for more than 70% of world's mushroom gross yield, for China's expanding economy serves very important effect.While the fast development of mushroom industry, the demand of forest tree resource is grown with each passing day, owing to have ignored the management of rationally felling forest tree resource, causes the too fast excessive consumption of broad-leaved tree resource, forest ecology equilibrium problem highlights day by day, needs the approach trying to explore minimizing or alternative wood chip.Carried out now multiple exploration, if test fruit tree and other materials are as solid wood substrate culture mushroom, but materials are comparatively assorted, proportioning imperfection, and the yield and quality of mushroom is all not as the mushroom of solid wood substrate culture; Test agricultural crop straw is as substrate culture mushroom, but its lignin and content of cellulose lower, the yield and quality of mushroom is all not as the mushroom of solid wood substrate culture, and therefore, the mushroom cultivation substrate of research, exploitation high-quality, high-yield and high-efficiency has become the key point of mushroom development.

Bamboo is short with its growth cycle, plantation is simple, benefit and producing level advantages of higher, worldwide extensive growth and plantation, main in Asia-Pacific, Africa, Hispanic tropical and subtropical region, be called as " the second in the world fully stocked wood ", utilize the bamboo industry of development to become the generally acknowledged pollution-free industry in the whole world with bamboo resource, relate to multiple fields such as building, building materials, household.China is the country that bamboo resource is the abundantest in the world, more than bamboo type, bamboo grove area is big, the Jun Ju world produces first of bamboo country, the annual production of bamboo wood and bamboo shoots accounts for 1/3 and 1/2 of Gross World Product respectively, production of bamboo forest level and Bamboo industrialization level occupy first place in the world, and due to the fast development of industry, the bamboo product of annual production and processing also presents a rapidly rising trend, also create large amounts of offcuts thus thereupon, also mostly use as fuel.After testing, containing a large amount of celluloses and lignin in Outer part and inner part of the bamboo, how fully, reasonably application bamboo processes a large amount of offcuts is problems important at present.

Summary of the invention

The present invention, mainly for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of use that significantly can reduce wood chip, can make full use of again the method for carrying out mushroom substituting stuff cultivation with bamboo bits of bamboo offcuts.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions technical goal.

Carry out the method for mushroom substituting stuff cultivation with bamboo bits, comprise medium making, inoculation, hair tube reason, management of producing mushroom, its improvements are:

Described medium makes and comprises the following steps:

1) by bamboo bits 35% ~ 40%, wood chip 35% ~ 40%, cultivation auxiliary material 7%, wheat bran 17%, sucrose 1%, gross mass 100% weighing and burden;

2) bamboo bits and wood chip need soak 8 ~ 12 hours in pond;

3) by bamboo bits, wood chip, cultivation auxiliary material, wheat bran, sucrose, the culture medium raw material of water content 60% is mixed and made into;

4) culture medium raw material is carried out packed laggard horizontal high voltage sterilizing, make interior material temperature degree reach 100 DEG C in 8 hours, then make charge bar temperature reach more than 100 DEG C and keep 24 hours;

5) charge bar Temperature fall goes out stove to less than 80 DEG C, while hot charge bar is moved to cooling chamber cooling, treats that material temperature drops to less than 28 DEG C, can inoculate.

Described cultivation auxiliary material comprises zeolite powder, perlite expanding powder, and its composition weight ratio is zeolite powder 70% ~ 90%, perlite expanding powder 10% ~ 30%.

Further improvement project is: described cultivation auxiliary material is also containing zinc sulphate, and its weight accounts for 10% of supplementary material for edible fungus cultivation gross weight.

Further improvement project is: in described bacterium management process, temperature controls at 10 ~ 32 DEG C, and air humidity controls 70% ~ 80%.

The present invention compared with prior art, has following good effect:

1, with bamboo bits Substitute For Partial wood chip, both can reduce the forest consumption of China for cultivating champignon, and bamboo offcuts can have been made full use of again, significantly reduce costs 22% ~ 27%.

2, cultivate auxiliary material and comprise zeolite powder, perlite expanding powder, zeolite powder, perlite expanding powder all have stronger adsorptivity and exchangeability, all as nutrient carrier and mushroom growth carrier in bacterium rod, wherein zeolite powder contains the calcium source that more than 2% tradable calcium base can be used as mushroom growth, by the pH value of the adjustable bacterium bar of ion exchange, release various trace elements (Ca, Fe, Zn, Mn, B, Co, Mo etc.) simultaneously, grow for mushroom growth.In addition, zeolite powder, perlite expanding powder also all have very strong penetrating and water retention property, thus make bacterium rod keep high-water performance and transparent performance, and favourable mushroom growth is grown.

3, zeolite powder or a kind of sustained release agent, make the equilibrium of the nitrogenous fertilizer in wheat bran, discharge lentamente, make bacterium rod can obtain equilibrium, sufficient confession nitrogen within whole planting season, decrease the incidence of misshapen mushroom in early stage, later stage mushroom fourth, biologicak efficiency is by original 82% ~ 95%, bring up to more than 102%, effect of increasing production is obvious.

4, cultivate auxiliary material also containing zinc sulphate, certain density zinc ion can promote that mushroom mycelium grows, and improves mushroom production, and has certain inhibitory action to mould contamination.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.

Carry out the method for mushroom substituting stuff cultivation with bamboo bits, comprise medium making, inoculation, hair tube reason, management of producing mushroom.

Medium makes and comprises the following steps:

1) by bamboo bits 35% ~ 40%, wood chip 35% ~ 40%, cultivation auxiliary material 7%, wheat bran 17%, sucrose 1%, gross mass 100% weighing and burden; Wherein, cultivation auxiliary material comprises zeolite powder, perlite expanding powder, and its composition weight ratio is zeolite powder 70% ~ 90%, perlite expanding powder 10% ~ 30%; In the present embodiment, cultivation auxiliary material is also containing zinc sulphate, and its weight accounts for 10% of supplementary material for edible fungus cultivation gross weight.

2) bamboo bits and wood chip need soak 8 ~ 12 hours in pond;

Send out temperature in bacterium management process to control at 10 ~ 32 DEG C, air humidity controls 70% ~ 80%.

Management of producing mushroom: the time of fruiting is 75 ~ 110 days.

Within 5 ~ 7 days after fruiting, pluck mushroom, then pack sale.

Claims

1. carry out a method for mushroom substituting stuff cultivation with bamboo bits, comprise medium making, inoculate, hair tube is managed,

Management of producing mushroom, is characterized in that:

Described medium makes and comprises the following steps:

2) bamboo bits and wood chip need soak 8 ~ 12 hours in pond;

5) charge bar Temperature fall goes out stove to less than 80 DEG C, while hot charge bar is moved to cooling chamber cooling, treats that material temperature drops to less than 28 DEG C, can inoculate;

Described cultivation auxiliary material comprises zeolite powder, perlite expanding powder, and its composition weight ratio is zeolite powder 70% ~ 90%, perlite expanding powder 10% ~ 30%;

Described cultivation auxiliary material is also containing zinc sulphate, and its weight accounts for 10% of supplementary material for edible fungus cultivation gross weight;

In described bacterium management process, temperature controls at 10 ~ 32 DEG C, and air humidity controls 70% ~ 80%;

The fruiting time of described management of producing mushroom is 75 ~ 110 days, within 5 ~ 7 days after fruiting, plucks mushroom, then packs sale.