CN103975772B - Method for performing shiitake substitute cultivation through bamboo sawdust - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating shiitake mushrooms with bamboo scraps as a substitute material, which comprises culture medium production, inoculation, fungus growth management, and mushroom fruiting management. The culture medium production includes the following steps: 35% to 40% of wood chips, 7% of cultivation auxiliary materials, 17% of wheat bran, 1% of sucrose, 100% of the total mass and weighing ingredients; 2) Bamboo chips and wood chips are soaked in water for 8 to 12 hours; 3) Bamboo chips, Sawdust, cultivation auxiliary materials, wheat bran, and sucrose are mixed to make medium raw materials with a water content of 60%; 4) The medium raw materials are packed in bags and then autoclaved; The heat is cooled in the cooling room, and the inoculation can only be done when the temperature of the material drops below 28°C; the cultivation auxiliary materials include zeolite powder and perlite expansion powder; the further improvement is that the cultivation auxiliary materials also contain zinc sulfate. The invention can not only significantly reduce the use of sawdust, but also fully utilize the leftovers of bamboo, so that the output of mushrooms is high and the quality is good.

Description

Method for Cultivating Lentinus edodes with Bamboo Shavings

technical field

The invention relates to the field of crop cultivation, in particular to a mushroom cultivation method.

Background technique

Shiitake mushroom is a kind of fungus growing on wood. It is widely eaten by people all over the world because of its high nutritional value and delicious taste, and it has high medicinal value. my country is the first country in the world to eat and cultivate mushrooms. The implementation of reform and opening up has opened the prelude to the development of the mushroom industry. The enthusiasm of farmers to produce mushrooms has been greatly mobilized. Now my country’s output of mushrooms accounts for 99% of the total output of mushrooms in the world. More than 70%, it has played a very important role in the development of our country's economy. With the rapid development of the shiitake mushroom industry, the demand for forest resources is increasing day by day. Due to the neglect of the management of rational harvesting of forest resources, the excessive consumption of broad-leaved tree resources has been caused. The problem of forest ecological balance has become increasingly prominent, and it is necessary to actively explore reduction or replacement. Pathway for sawdust. A variety of explorations have been carried out now, such as experimenting with fruit tree branches and other materials as solid wood substrates to cultivate shiitake mushrooms, but the materials are more miscellaneous and the ratio is not perfect, and the yield and quality of shiitake mushrooms are not as good as those cultivated on solid wood substrates; Shiitake mushrooms are cultivated as substrates, but their lignin and cellulose contents are low, and the output and quality of shiitake mushrooms are not as good as those cultivated on solid wood substrates. Therefore, research and development of high-quality, high-yield and efficient cultivation substrates for shiitake mushrooms has become the key to the development of shiitake mushrooms.

Bamboo is widely grown and planted all over the world due to its short growth cycle, simple planting, high benefit and utilization, mainly in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia Pacific, Africa and Latin America, and is known as "the second largest forest in the world". , Bamboo industry based on the utilization and development of bamboo resources has become a globally recognized green industry, involving many fields such as construction, building materials, and home furnishing. China is the country with the richest bamboo resources in the world. There are many types of bamboo and the area of bamboo forests is the largest in the world. The annual output of bamboo wood and bamboo shoots accounts for 1/3 and 1/2 of the world's total output respectively. , the level of bamboo forest production and bamboo industrialization ranks in the leading position in the world. Due to the rapid development of the industry, the annual production and processing of bamboo products also shows a rapid growth trend, which also produces a huge amount of leftovers, which are mostly used as fuel. . After testing, bamboo green and bamboo yellow contain a large amount of cellulose and lignin, how to fully and rationally use bamboo to process a large amount of leftovers is an important issue at present.

Contents of the invention

The invention mainly aims at the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a method of using bamboo chips as a substitute material for cultivation of shiitake mushrooms, which can not only significantly reduce the use of wood chips, but also make full use of bamboo leftovers.

The present invention achieves technical goals through the following technical solutions.

The method of using bamboo scraps to cultivate shiitake mushrooms as a substitute material, including medium production, inoculation, management of bacteria growth, and management of mushroom production. The improvements are as follows:

The making of the culture medium comprises the following steps:

1) 35% to 40% of bamboo chips, 35% to 40% of wood chips, 7% of cultivation auxiliary materials, 17% of wheat bran, 1% of sucrose, and 100% of the total weight are weighed;

2) Bamboo chips and wood chips need to be soaked in the pool for 8-12 hours;

3) mixing bamboo chips, wood chips, cultivation auxiliary materials, wheat bran, and sucrose to make medium materials with a water content of 60%;

4) Pack the culture medium raw materials into bags and then perform autoclaving, so that the temperature of the inner material reaches 100°C for 8 hours, and then makes the temperature of the rod reach above 100°C for 24 hours;

5) The material sticks are naturally cooled to below 80°C and taken out of the stove, and the material sticks are moved to the cooling room to cool while they are still hot. The inoculation can only be done after the temperature of the material drops below 28°C.

The cultivation auxiliary materials include zeolite powder and perlite expansion powder, and the weight ratio of components is 70%-90% of zeolite powder and 10%-30% of perlite expansion powder.

The further improvement scheme is that: the cultivation auxiliary material also contains zinc sulfate, and its weight accounts for 10% of the total weight of the edible fungus cultivation auxiliary material.

The further improvement scheme is: the temperature is controlled at 10-32° C., and the air humidity is controlled at 70%-80% during the bacteria management process.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects:

1. Replacing some wood chips with bamboo chips can not only reduce the consumption of forest trees used for shiitake mushroom cultivation in my country, but also make full use of bamboo leftovers, significantly reducing costs by 22% to 27%.

2. Cultivation auxiliary materials include zeolite powder and perlite expansion powder, both of which have strong adsorption and exchange properties, and are used as nutrient carriers and mushroom growth carriers in mushroom sticks, of which zeolite powder contains 2% The above exchangeable calcium base can be used as a calcium source for the growth of shiitake mushrooms, and the pH value of the bacteria stick can be adjusted by ion exchange, and various trace elements (Ca, Fe, Zn, Mn, B, Co, Mo, etc.) For the growth and development of shiitake mushrooms. In addition, zeolite powder and perlite expansion powder also have strong permeability and water retention performance, so that the bacteria stick maintains high water retention performance and permeability, which is beneficial to the growth and development of shiitake mushrooms.

3. Zeolite powder is also a kind of slow-release agent, which can release the nitrogen fertilizer in the wheat bran in a balanced and slow manner, so that the fungus sticks can get a balanced and sufficient nitrogen supply during the whole planting period, and reduce the deformed mushrooms in the early stage and the mushrooms in the late stage. The occurrence rate and biological efficiency of Ding increased from 82% to 95% to more than 102%, and the effect of increasing production was obvious.

4. The cultivation auxiliary materials also contain zinc sulfate. A certain concentration of zinc ions can promote the growth of shiitake mushroom hyphae, increase the yield of shiitake mushrooms, and have a certain inhibitory effect on mold pollution.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further elaborated.

The method for cultivating shiitake mushrooms with bamboo scraps as a substitute material comprises culture medium preparation, inoculation, fungus germination management, and mushroom fruiting management.

Culture medium production includes the following steps:

1) Ingredients are weighed according to 35%-40% of bamboo chips, 35%-40% of wood chips, 7% of cultivation auxiliary materials, 17% of wheat bran, 1% of sucrose, and 100% of the total mass; among them, the cultivation auxiliary materials include zeolite powder, perlite Expansion powder, its component weight ratio is 70%～90% of zeolite powder, 10%～30% of perlite expansion powder; In the present embodiment, the cultivation auxiliary material also contains zinc sulfate, and its weight accounts for 10% of the total weight of the edible fungus cultivation auxiliary material. %.

2) Bamboo chips and wood chips need to be soaked in the pool for 8-12 hours;

3) mixing bamboo chips, wood chips, cultivation auxiliary materials, wheat bran, and sucrose to make medium materials with a water content of 60%;

4) Pack the culture medium raw materials into bags and then perform autoclaving, so that the temperature of the inner material reaches 100°C for 8 hours, and then makes the temperature of the rod reach above 100°C for 24 hours;

5) The material sticks are naturally cooled to below 80°C and taken out of the stove, and the material sticks are moved to the cooling room to cool while they are still hot. The inoculation can only be done after the temperature of the material drops below 28°C.

During the germ management process, the temperature is controlled at 10-32°C, and the air humidity is controlled at 70%-80%.

Mushroom management: The fruiting time is 75-110 days.

The shiitake mushrooms are picked 5 to 7 days after the fruiting, and then packaged for sale.

Claims (1)

1. A method of substituting bamboo chips for cultivation of shiitake mushrooms, including medium production, inoculation, germ management, Fruiting management, characterized in that: The production of the culture medium comprises the following steps: 1) According to 35% to 40% of bamboo chips, 35% to 40% of wood chips, 7% of cultivation auxiliary materials, 17% of wheat bran, 1% of sucrose, and 100% of the total mass, the ingredients are weighed; 2) Bamboo chips and wood chips need to be soaked in the pool for 8-12 hours; 3) Mix bamboo chips, wood chips, cultivation auxiliary materials, wheat bran, and sucrose to make medium materials with a water content of 60%; 4) Pack the culture medium raw materials into bags and then perform autoclaving, so that the temperature of the inner material reaches 100°C for 8 hours, and then the temperature of the rod reaches above 100°C for 24 hours; 5) The material rod is naturally cooled to below 80°C and taken out of the stove, and the material rod is moved to the cooling room to cool while it is still hot. The inoculation can only be done when the temperature of the material drops below 28°C; The cultivation auxiliary materials include zeolite powder and perlite expansion powder, and the weight ratio of the components is 70% to 90% of zeolite powder and 10% to 30% of perlite expansion powder; The cultivation auxiliary material also contains zinc sulfate, and its weight accounts for 10% of the total weight of the edible fungus cultivation auxiliary material; During the bacteria management process, the temperature is controlled at 10-32°C, and the air humidity is controlled at 70%-80%; The fruiting time of the fruiting management is 75 to 110 days, and the mushrooms are picked 5 to 7 days after the fruiting, and then packaged for sale.