CN103910680A - 一类塞克硝唑衍生物及其制备方法与抗菌活性 - Google Patents
一类塞克硝唑衍生物及其制备方法与抗菌活性 Download PDFInfo
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- C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D233/66—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D233/91—Nitro radicals
- C07D233/92—Nitro radicals attached in position 4 or 5
- C07D233/94—Nitro radicals attached in position 4 or 5 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by oxygen or sulfur atoms, attached to other ring members
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
一类塞克硝唑衍生物,具有如下通式:式中R为:
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一类新型的塞克硝唑衍生物及其制备方法与作为抗菌药物的用途。
背景技术
细菌感染性疾病一直严重威胁着人类的生存与发展。进入20世纪80年代,越来越多的细菌产生耐药性,变得愈加难以对付。控制细菌耐药性的产生和扩散主要包括2个方面:正确的使用抗菌药物;研制和开发新型抗感染药物。
塞克硝唑片是一种5-硝基咪唑类抗原虫和厌氧菌药物,作用于原虫或厌氧菌的生长期,破坏DNA链或抑制DNA的合成,导致原虫和厌氧菌死亡。查尔酮不仅是一种重要的有机合成中间体,还具有多种药理作用。由于其分子结构具有较大的柔性,能与不同的受体结合,因此具有广泛的生物活性。由于其显著的生物药理活性及独特的可塑性结构,近年来引起了化学工作者的研究兴趣。据有关文献报道,许多查尔酮化合物具有抗蛲虫、抗肿瘤、抑制和清除氧自由基、抗菌、抗病毒、抗溃疡和解痉等生物活性。
本文中,我们合成了不同取代基的塞克硝唑查尔酮衍生物,通过不同取代醛基亲核加成、还原修饰塞克硝唑,形成了一系列的未经报道的新化合物。这些新化合物,可能体现出塞克硝唑和查尔酮在抗菌作用上的协同性。我们测试了这批化合物的生物活性,并发现其对大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli),铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa),苏云金杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)和枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)具有良好的抑制作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一类新型的塞克硝唑衍生物及其制备方法与用途。本发明的技术方案如下:
一类新型的塞克硝唑衍生物,它具有如下通式:
式中R为:
一类上述的塞克硝唑衍生物的制法,它由下列步骤组成:
步骤.在搅拌下依次将塞克硝唑、有机溶剂、醛、无机盐溶液按一定比例加入到反应容器中,在一定的温度下反应一段时间(TLC监测反应),在反应结束后,向反应物中加适量的水或直接过滤得粗产品,粗品经柱层析或采用适当的有机溶剂重结晶提纯得目标化合物.
具体实施方式:
通过以下实施例进一步详细说明本发明,但本发明的范围并不受这些实施例的任何限制。
实施例一:1-(5-硝基-2-苯乙烯-1氢-咪唑)丙烷-2-醇
在搅拌下依次将塞克硝唑(1.9g,10mmol)、DMSO(10mL)、苯甲醛(1.1g,10mmol)、甲醇钠的甲醇溶液(0.8g,15mmol)加入到250mL圆底烧瓶中,恒温35℃搅拌反应3.5小时后(TLC跟踪反应;展开剂:V氯甲烷∶V乙酸乙酯=2∶1),将反应液倒入蒸馏水(300mL)中,过滤得粗品,将得到的粗品溶于无水乙醇重结晶提纯得到淡黄色目标化合物。产率76.1%,m.p.77-78℃;1H NMR(DMSO-d6,300MHz)δ:8.21(s,1H,CH),7.80~7.75(m,3H,ArH,CH),7.47~7.35(m,4H,ArH),5.02(d,J=5.4Hz,1H,OH),4.58~4.39(m,2H,CH2),3.89~3.87(m,2H,CH),1.16(d,J=6.3Hz,H,CH3).ESI-MS:273.20[M+H]+.Anal.Calcd for C14H15N3O3:C,61.53;H,5.53;N,15.38;O,17.56%.
实施例二:1-(2-(2-氟苯乙烯)-5-硝基-1氢-咪唑)丙烷-2-醇
制备方法同实施例一,以邻氟苯甲醛代替苯甲醛,得到浅黄色目标化合物,产率71.6%,m.p.86-88℃;1H NMR(DMSO-d6,300MHz)δ:8.20(s,1H,CH),7.77~7.72(m,1H,CH),7.86(d,J=16.0Hz,1H,CH),7.50~7.22(m,4H,ArH),5.01(d,J=5.4Hz,1H,OH),4.59~4.41(m,2H,CH2),3.94~3.81(m,H,CH),1.51(d,J=6.3Hz,3H,CH3).ESI-MS:291.16[M+H]+.Anal.Calcd for C14H14FN3O3:C,57.73;H,4.84;F,6.52;N,14.43;O,16.48%.
实施例三:1-(2-(2-氟苯乙烯)-5-硝基-1氢-咪唑)丙烷-2-醇
制备方法同实施例一,以邻氯苯甲醛代替苯甲醛,得到黄色目标化合物,产率68.2%,m.p.84-87℃;1H NMR(DMSO-d6,300MHz)δ:8.20(s,1H,CH),7.77~7.72(m,1H,CH),7.86(d,J=16.0Hz,1H,CH),7.50~7.22(m,4H,ArH),5.01(d,J=5.4Hz,1H,OH),4.59~4.41(m,2H,CH2),3.94~3.81(m,H,CH),1.51(d,J=6.3Hz,3H,CH3).ESI-MS:307.09[M+H]+.Anal.Calcd for C14H14ClN3O3:C,54.64;H,4.59;Cl,11.52;N,13.65;O,15.60%.
实施例四:1-(2-(2-溴苯乙烯)-5-硝基-1氢-咪唑)丙烷-2-醇
制备方法同实施例一,以邻溴苯甲醛代替苯甲醛,得到黄色目标化合物,产率70.1%,m.p.79-81℃;1H NMR(DMSO-d6,300MHz)δ:8.20(s,1H,CH),7.77~7.72(m,1H,CH),7.86(d,J=16.0Hz,1H,CH),7.50~7.22(m,4H,ArH),5.01(d,J=5.4Hz,1H,OH),4.59~4.41(m,2H,CH2),3.94~3.81(m,H,CH),1.51(d,J=6.3Hz,3H,CH3,).ESI-MS:352.08[M+H]+.Anal.Calcd for C14H14BrN3O3:C,47.74;H,4.01;Br,22.69;N,11.93;O,13.63%.
实施例五:1-(2-(4-甲基苯乙烯)-5-硝基-1氢-咪唑)丙烷-2-醇
制备方法同实施例一,以对甲基苯甲醛代替苯甲醛,得到黄色目标化合物,产率65.6%,m.p.97-100℃;1H NMR(DMSO-d6,300MHz)δ:8.18(s,1H,CH),7.85~7.72(m,3H,ArH,CH),7.61~7.32(m,3H,ArH,CH),5.00(t,J=5.4Hz,1H,OH),4.59~4.41(m,2H,CH2),3.94~3.81(m,H,CH),2.33(s,3H,CH3,),1.51(d,J=6.3Hz,3H,CH3).ESI-MS:287.06[M+H]+.Anal.Calcd for C15H17N3O3:C,62.71;H,5.96;N,14.63;O,16.71%.
实施例六:1-(2-(2-氯-6-氟苯乙烯)-5-硝基-1氢-咪唑)丙烷-2-醇
制备方法同实施例一,以2-氯-6-氟苯甲醛代替苯甲醛,得到浅黄色目标化合物,产率62.4%,m.p.70-72℃;1H NMR(DMSO-d6,300MHz)δ:8.22(s,1H,CH),7.77~7.72(m,1H,CH),7.50~7.22(m,4H,ArH,CH),5.01(d,J=5.4Hz,1H,OH),4.59~4.41(m,2H,CH2),3.94~3.81(m,H,CH),1.51(d,J=6.3Hz,3H,CH3).ESI-MS:325.11[M+H]+.Anal.Calcd for C14H13ClFN3O3:C,51.62;H,4.02;Cl,10.88;F,5.83;N,12.90;O,14.74%.
实施例七:1-(2-(2,4-二氯苯乙烯)-5-硝基-1氢-咪唑)丙烷-2-醇
制备方法同实施例一,以对2,4-二氯苯甲醛代替苯甲醛,得到橘黄色目标化合物,产率66.8%,m.p.90-92℃;1H NMR(DMSO-d6,300MHz)δ:8.22(s,1H,CH),7.77~7.72(m,1H,CH),7.50~7.22(m,4H,ArH,CH),5.01(d,J=5.4Hz,1H,OH),4.59~4.41(m,2H,CH2),3.94~3.81(m,H,CH),1.51(d,J=6.3Hz,3H,CH3).ESI-MS:342.06[M+H]+.Anal.Calcd for C14H13Cl2N3O3:C,49.14;H,3.83;Cl,20.72;N,12.28;O,14.03%.
实施例八:1-(5-硝基-2-(3-硝基苯乙烯)-1氢-咪唑)丙烷-2-醇
制备方法同实施例一,以间硝基苯甲醛代替苯甲醛,得到淡黄色目标化合物,产率63.9%,m.p.175-177℃;1H NMR(DMSO-d6,300MHz)δ:8.64(s,1H,ArH),8.18(s,1H,CH),8.21~8.02(m,2H,ArH),7.91~7.85(m,1H,CH),7.83~7.70(m,1H,ArH,CH),7.68~7.58(m,1H,CH),5.01(d,J=5.4Hz,1H,OH),4.59~4.41(m,2H,CH2),3.88~3.86(m,1H,CH).,1.17(d,J=6.6Hz,3H,CH3).ESI-MS:318.15[M+H]+.Anal.Calcd for C14H14N4O5:C,52.83;H,4.43;N,17.60;O,25.13%.
实施例九:一类塞克硝唑衍生物抗菌活性研究
采用MTT[3-(4,5)-双甲基-2-噻唑-(2,5)-苯基溴化四氮唑蓝]法来测定计算塞克硝唑衍生物对大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli),铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonasaeruginosa),苏云金杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)和枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)的半数抑制浓度(IC50)。
(1)培养基的配制
取牛肉浸粉5g,酪蛋白水解物17.5g,淀粉1.5g,琼脂12.5g,加入1000mL蒸馏水中,加热煮沸溶解,分装,121℃高压灭菌15分钟备用。
(2)试验菌的培养
在无菌室内,取大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli),铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonasaeruginosa),苏云金杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)和枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)四种试验菌株,于酒精灯下用接种针分别在四种试验菌株斜面上,刮取少量斜面菌苔,用一定量的无菌水制成菌悬液,然后取一定量加到已融化又冷却至50℃左右的MH培养基中,摇匀,即刻倒入无菌培养皿中,待充分冷凝后用胶塞密封后,于37℃培养18-24小时备用。吸取菌液1mL,用MH培养基按1∶100000稀释,使菌液浓度约为103cfu/mL。
(3)抗菌实验:
将待测药品溶于DMSO中配制成2mg/mL的溶液,然后将药品稀释成一定浓度梯度(160μg/mL,40μg/mL,10μg/mL,2.5μg/mL)与DMSO中。于灭菌微量滴定板第一条中分别加入10μL的DMSO和90μL的菌悬液作为空白对照,第二条为阳性对照,加入90μL菌悬液和10μL的青霉素及卡那霉素。其余的孔中加入90μL的菌悬液和10μL的药物溶液。每个药物溶液浓度平行3次。在微量滴定板底部标明细菌名称。
(4)IC50的测定
将处理完的培养皿于37℃培养24h,打入10μL MTT液(2mg/ml)再培养4h。离心,将上清液倒掉,每孔加入150μL的DMSO溶解,酶标仪测定其吸光度OD值,按下列公式计算出细菌生长抑制率。结果见表1.
生长抑制率=(1-用药组平均OD值/空白对照组OD值)*100%
半数抑制浓度(IC50)定义为当50%的细菌存活时的药物浓度。根据测定的光密度(OD值),制作细菌生长抑制率的标准曲线,在标准曲线上求得其对应的药物浓度。
表1化合物1-8对细菌生长的抑制作用
结果表明:此系列塞克硝唑衍生物对大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli),铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa),苏云金杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)和枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)都有不同程度的抑制作用。
Claims (3)
1.一类塞克硝唑衍生物,其特征是它有如下通式:
式中R为:
2.一种制备权利要求1所述的塞克硝唑衍生物的方法,其特征是它由下列步骤组成:
在搅拌下依次将塞克硝唑衍生物、有机溶剂、醛、无机盐溶液按一定比例加入到反应容器中,在一定的温度下反应一段时间(TLC监测反应),在反应结束后,向反应物中加适量的水或直接过滤得粗产品,粗品经柱层析或采用适当的有机溶剂重结晶提纯得目标化合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的塞克硝唑衍生物在制备抗菌药物中的应用。
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