CN103909806A - 用于车辆的管道式座 - Google Patents

用于车辆的管道式座 Download PDF

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CN103909806A
CN103909806A CN201410007847.2A CN201410007847A CN103909806A CN 103909806 A CN103909806 A CN 103909806A CN 201410007847 A CN201410007847 A CN 201410007847A CN 103909806 A CN103909806 A CN 103909806A
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duct type
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CN103909806B (zh
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A.R.科伦兹
D.N.西纳特苏
N.L.尼古拉斯
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/56—Heating or ventilating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/56—Heating or ventilating devices
    • B60N2/5607—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection
    • B60N2/5621—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection by air
    • B60N2/5635—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection by air coming from the passenger compartment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/56—Heating or ventilating devices
    • B60N2/5607—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection
    • B60N2/5621—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection by air
    • B60N2/5642—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection by air with circulation of air through a layer inside the seat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
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    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/202—Casings or frames around the primary casing of a single cell or a single battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/06—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with air cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/005—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric storage means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0416—Arrangement in the rear part of the vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

车辆包括乘客舱、货物舱、电池和管道式座。电池布置在货物舱中且在通电时散热，从而车辆中的空气变为加热空气。管道式座操作性地布置在乘客舱中。管道式座包括基部层、管道层和覆盖层。管道层覆盖基部层。覆盖层覆盖管道层。管道层具有彼此流体连通的引领开口和跟随开口，从而管道层构造为通过引领开口在其中接收空气并通过跟随开口排放空气。跟随开口布置为与货物舱流体连通，从而排放空气从跟随开口流动到货物舱中。

Description

用于车辆的管道式座
技术领域
本发明涉及用于机动车辆的管道式座。
背景技术
环境或被调节的空气可从车辆一个区域经由返回空气导管引导至另一区域。例如，返回空气导管可从车辆一个部分（诸如仪表板）引导加热、冷却和/或潮湿空气至车辆的另一部分（诸如后部乘客放脚空间）。通常，通过车辆的用于返回空气导管的路径或路线由于障碍物是迂回的，障碍物诸如安放的硬件、电子器件、结构部件等。
发明内容
管道式座被构造为附连到车辆。管道式座包括基部层、管道层和覆盖层。管道层操作性地覆盖基部层。覆盖层操作性地覆盖管道层，从而管道层夹在基部层和覆盖层之间。管道层具有彼此流体连通的引领开口和跟随开口，从而管道层构造为通过引领开口在其中接收空气并通过跟随开口排放空气。
在本发明的另一方面中，车辆包括乘客舱、货物舱、电池和管道式座。货物舱布置为靠近乘客舱。电池在通电时散热，从而车辆中的空气变为加热空气。电池操作性地布置在货物舱中。管道式座操作性地布置在乘客舱中。管道式座包括基部层、管道层和覆盖层。管道层操作性地覆盖基部层。覆盖层操作性地覆盖管道层，从而管道层夹在基部层和覆盖层之间。管道层具有彼此流体连通的引领开口和跟随开口，从而管道层构造为通过引领开口在其中接收空气并通过跟随开口排放空气。跟随开口布置为与货物舱流体连通，从而排放空气从跟随开口流动到货物舱中。
本发明的上述特征和优势及其他特征和优势将从用于实施如所附的权利要求中定义的本发明的一些最佳模式和其它实施例的以下详细描述连同附图时显而易见。
附图说明
图1是具有后管道式座的车辆的示意侧视图；和
图2是图1中提供的区域“图2”的放大图。
具体实施方式
参考附图，其中，相同的附图标记表示相同的元件，车辆20在图1中示出。车辆20包括发动机舱22、乘客舱24和货物舱26。乘客舱24布置在发动机舱22和货物舱26之间。至少一个管道式座（ducted seat）28操作性地布置在车辆20的乘客舱24中。
车辆20可以是混合电动车辆20（HEV），其包括动力传动系30，所述动力传动系具有内燃机32和变速器34，它们构造为协作地推进车辆20。除了发动机和变速器34，车辆20可构造为单独或与发动机结合地通过马达/发电机36推进。如图所示，马达/发电机36定位在变速器34中，但还可定位在车辆20中的任意位置，这取决于功率流的控制和车辆20的构造，如本领域技术人员所知的。尽管显示了单个马达/发电机36，取决于车辆20的实际构造，可在对象车辆20的传动系中存在多个马达/发电机36。
电池38可操作地布置在车辆20内。如图1所示，电池38操作性地布置在货物舱26中。货物舱26是在车辆20内的位置，其大体布置在乘客舱24内的管道式座28之后，即，行李箱。但是，应该理解，电池38可布置在车辆20内的任何位置，诸如乘客舱24、发动机舱22等。作为非限制性例子，电池38可布置在车辆20的一个或多个座位之下。在车辆20的HEV应用中，电池38可以是高电压（HV）电池38。电池38构造为被通电，以向动力传动系30提供动力，以操作或以其他方式推进车辆20。当电池38使马达/发电机36通电时，电池38散热。由于通过使电池38通电散出的热量，货物舱26内的空气成为变热的空气。当电池38在环境温度以上时，电池38将通过传导、对流和辐射失去热量。如果环境温度大于电池38的温度，电池38将从周围环境吸热。保持电池38的温度较低将促进电池38的增加的寿命，其可改善车辆20的制造保证和转售价值。因此，电池38被构造为空气冷却。
货物通道40布置在乘客舱24和货物舱26之间。货物通道40可限定在板42中，从车辆20的地板44在乘客舱24和货物舱26之间延伸。应该理解，还可使用布置在乘客舱24和货物舱26之间的其他位置。风扇46可操作地布置在货物通道40中，在电池38和货物舱26的出口45之间，以将空气从乘客舱24吸入到货物舱26中，以冷却电池38。风扇46的操作提供乘客舱24和货物舱26之间的负压差，从而风扇46将空气从乘客舱24吸入到货物舱26中。因此，电池38可以通过将冷却空气从乘客舱24引入到货物舱26中而被空气冷却，如通过箭头48所指示的。更具体地，冷却空气的温度小于货物舱26内部变热的空气的温度。
管道式座28操作地布置在乘客舱24中，靠近货物舱26。管道式座28构造为用于支撑车辆20的乘客。管道式座28包括基部部分50和背部部分52。背部部分52从基部部分50以钝角延伸。带线（beltline）54限定在基部部分50和背部部分52之间。背部部分52从带线54延伸到顶部端部56。基部部分50从带线54延伸至前部端部58，大体面向车辆20的发动机舱22。基部部分50和背部部分54协作，以形成座位表面60和对着座位表面60的背部表面62。座位表面60构造为用于支撑车辆20的乘客。背部表面62面向车辆20的地板44和货物舱26。
参考图2，管道式座28包括基部层64、管道层（ducting layer）66和覆盖层68。管道层66操作性地覆盖基部层64。覆盖层68操作性地覆盖管道层66，从而管道层66夹在基部层64和覆盖层68之间。管道层66具有彼此流体连通的引领开口70和跟随开口72，从而管道层66构造为通过引领开口70在其中接收空气并通过跟随开口72排放空气。跟随开口72与货物通道40流体连通，从而空气行进到货物舱26中。跟随开口72可在带线54和顶部端部56之间限定在管道式座28中。同样，跟随开口72限定在背部部分52的背部表面62中，以将空气从管道层66内引导到货物舱40中。
管道层66包括间隔织物，诸如Müller Textil集团的。应理解，其他间隔织物也可被使用。间隔织物可具有7毫米（mm）至23毫米的厚度T1。更具体地，间隔织物可为10mm至20mm。间隔织物包括第一织物层74、与第一织物层74间隔开的第二织物层76、以及将第一织物层74和第二织物层76互连的连接层78。连接层78构造为在第一织物层74和第二织物层76之间提供贯穿间隔织物的流体可透过性。连接层78包括线80，线是弹性的，从而线80使第一织物层74和第二织物层76彼此偏置。线80具有18丹尼尔至45丹尼尔的厚度。线80可以是单丝、多丝等。线80可由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（polyethylene terephthalate，PET）形成。间隔织物构造为具有至少998每平方米每分钟立方英寸（CFM）的空气可透过性。
覆盖层68可包括泡沫层82，该泡沫层具有基部84的和从基部84延伸的多个间隙部（standoff）86。间隙部86以邻接关系布置到第一织物层74，从而空洞88限定在相邻间隙部86、第一织物层74和基部84之间。泡沫层82可以是聚氨酯泡沫等。
覆盖层68可还包括顶部垫90、绒垫92和/或装饰层94。顶部垫90可布置在泡沫的基部84上。绒垫92可布置在顶部垫90上。装饰层94可布置在绒垫92上。装饰层可由皮革、乙烯树脂等形成。包括泡沫层82、顶部垫90、绒垫92和/或装饰层94的覆盖层68可具有35mm至60mm的厚度T2。在非限制的例子中，覆盖层68大约50mm厚。
基部层64可以是模制的声音屏障。更具体地，基部层64是由热成型、重塑料材料形成的声音屏障。基部层64被构造为防止或限制噪音行进通过管道式座28并进入乘客舱24。基部层64可包括波纹形模制屏障层96，其以邻接关系布置在第二织物层76中。声学泡沫层98可布置为抵靠波纹形模制屏障层96。基部层64可具有5mm至15mm的厚度T3。
第一织物层74可形成为网状或其他空气可透过织物。由于第一织物层74的空气可透过性，空洞88与管道层66流体连通，从而管道层66通过引领开口70将空气接收在其中，如图1中的箭头97所示，空气流动通过管道层66，如图1和2的箭头99所示，并进入/离开空洞88，如图2的箭头95所示。空气最后通过跟随开口72排出，如箭头48所示。
管道层66沿管道式座28的宽度布置，其提供用于通过管道式座28的空气流的大横截面，导致空气流动通过管道层66时的低空气流速。低空气流速意味着很少或没有通过管道层66的噪音衰减。此外，由于管道层66的间隔织物包括使第一织物层74和第二织物层76互连的线80，天然过滤器通过管道层66提供。提供的天然过滤器将防止碎屑进入管道层66，而不需要提供附加的过滤器。
详细描述和附图或视图支持和描述本发明，但是本发明的范围仅由权利要求限定。尽管已详细描述了用于执行要求保护的发明的最佳模式和其他实施例，存在各种替换涉及和实施例，用于实践限定在所附权利要求中的本发明。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于附连到车辆的管道式座，管道式座包括：
基部层；
管道层，操作性地覆盖基部层；和
覆盖层，操作性地覆盖管道层，从而管道层夹在基部层和覆盖层之间；
其中，管道层具有彼此流体连通的引领开口和跟随开口，从而管道层构造为通过引领开口在其中接收空气并通过跟随开口排放空气。
2.如权利要求1所述的管道式座，其中，管道层包括间隔织物。
3.如权利要求2所述的管道式座，其中，间隔织物包括第一织物层、与第一织物层间隔开的第二织物层、以及将第一织物层和第二织物层互连的连接层；
其中，连接层构造为在第一织物层和第二织物层之间提供贯穿间隔织物的空气可透过性。
4.如权利要求3所述的管道式座，其中，连接层包括线，所述线是弹性的，从而线使第一织物层和第二织物层彼此偏置。
5.如权利要求3所述的管道式座，其中，覆盖层包括泡沫层，所述泡沫层具有基部和从基部延伸的多个间隙部；
其中，间隙部以邻接关系布置到第一织物层，从而空洞限定在相邻间隙部、第一织物层和基部之间。
6.如权利要求5所述的管道式座，其中，第一织物是网，且空洞与管道层流体连通，从而管道层构造为通过引领开口在其中接收空气，气流穿过管道层和空洞，并仅通过跟随开口排放空气。
7.如权利要求3所述的管道式座，其中，间隔织物具有7毫米（mm）至23mm的厚度。
8.如权利要求2所述的管道式座，其中，间隔织物具有至少998每平方米每分钟立方英寸（CFM）的空气可透过性。
9.如权利要求1所述的管道式座，其中，所述管道式座进一步限定为包括：
座位部分，构造为附连到车辆并具有引领开口；和
背部部分，在带线处从座位部分延伸，并延伸至顶部端部；
其中，背部部分在带线和顶部端部之间限定跟随开口。
10.如权利要求9所述的管道式座，其中，座位部分和背部部分协作，以具有构造为支撑车辆的乘客的座位表面和对着座位表面的支撑表面；且
其中，座位表面限定引领开口，支撑表面限定跟随开口。
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