CN103850848B - 凸轮随行滚柱装置 - Google Patents

凸轮随行滚柱装置 Download PDF

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CN103850848B
CN103850848B CN201310757348.0A CN201310757348A CN103850848B CN 103850848 B CN103850848 B CN 103850848B CN 201310757348 A CN201310757348 A CN 201310757348A CN 103850848 B CN103850848 B CN 103850848B
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casing
roller
cam
roller unit
supporter
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CN103850848A (zh
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B·豪维斯普里
N·范德梅
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H25/00Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/08Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for interconverting rotary motion and reciprocating motion
    • F16H25/14Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for interconverting rotary motion and reciprocating motion with reciprocation perpendicular to the axis of rotation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/14Tappets; Push rods
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/0404Details or component parts
    • F04B1/0426Arrangements for pressing the pistons against the actuated cam; Arrangements for connecting the pistons to the actuated cam
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/0404Details or component parts
    • F04B1/0439Supporting or guiding means for the pistons
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2301/00Using particular materials
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2303/00Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2305/00Valve arrangements comprising rollers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2305/00Valve arrangements comprising rollers
    • F01L2305/02Mounting of rollers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2307/00Preventing the rotation of tappets
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F02M59/102Mechanical drive, e.g. tappets or cams
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49544Roller making
    • Y10T29/49547Assembling preformed components
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21Elements
    • Y10T74/2101Cams
    • Y10T74/2107Follower

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提出一种凸轮随行滚柱装置,特别是用于内燃机燃料喷射泵中,包括带有具有容纳部分滚柱的开口的套管的挺杆、被可旋转地安装在套管内并具有从套管开口轴向伸出与凸轮配合的一部分的滚柱、以及被收纳在套管中的滚柱支撑体。滚柱包括圆柱心轴和圆柱体,心轴的末端从圆柱体的侧面突起。提出了所述支撑体包括朝着套管的开口打开并支撑心轴末端的支撑件。

Description

凸轮随行滚柱装置
技术领域
本发明涉及用于汽车或工业应用中的凸轮随行滚柱装置领域。
本发明的有利应用涉及凸轮随行滚柱装置在内燃机燃料喷射泵中的应用,特别是在机动车比如汽车或卡车中。
背景技术
这种类型的装置包括挺杆和被可旋转地安装在挺杆上并用于与凸轮配合的滚柱,所述凸轮与内燃机凸轮轴同步,通过这种方式凸轮轴的旋转使得承靠在所述挺杆上的泵活塞周期运动,从而能够分配燃料。
所述装置的挺杆通常被实施为一种单独的相对固件,例如通过冷锻生产。装置的滚柱通常通过独立的心轴被可旋转地安装在挺杆上。心轴通过在部分容纳滚柱的套管的壁面上的侧向孔中的顶锻或碾平被常规地安装在挺杆上。
为了避免在从孔伸出的心轴末端和被形成在与引导挺杆轴向运动的壳体相关联的导向孔的内壁之间的主要摩擦现象,已知的是将心轴装配在孔内,从而避免轴向的移动。簧环或插销例如可被用于该目的。这种装配需要额外的组装步骤和额外的元件。
另一种方案包括形成带有凸形表面的末端。这使得心轴进而整个装置相当昂贵。
另外,文献FR2946406提出为安装在挺杆套管内的滚柱提供支撑体。心轴的末端通过压配合被安装在通孔中,该通孔被形成在支撑体的周壁上并被彼此相对地设置。
这种装配使得附件相当复杂。
支撑体通过压配、焊接或铜焊被安装在套管中。强度不足的风险使得支撑体在套管内发生不期望的移动,且过大的作用力或热风险在支撑体被安装时引起套管变型,比如妨碍套管在它的孔中的滑动。
发明内容
本发明的目的是消除这些缺点。更具体地,本发明提出一种凸轮随行滚柱装置,其造价低廉且允许挺杆在引导挺杆轴向运动的孔中正确地滑动,且其可靠、经济并易于制造和组装。
在一个实施例中,凸轮随行滚柱装置,特别是用于内燃机燃料喷射泵中,包括挺杆,挺杆包括具有容纳部分滚柱的开口的套管,所述滚柱被可旋转地安装在套管内并具有从套管开口伸出与凸轮配合的一部分,所述滚柱还包括心轴和圆柱体,心轴的末端从圆柱体的侧面突起。
根据本发明,该装置还包括收纳在套管内的滚柱支撑体,所述支撑体包括支撑心轴末端的支撑件。
本发明的另一个有利应用涉及到所述装置在控制活塞内燃机阀门的摇臂系统中的使用。
提议所述支撑体包括朝套管的开口打开并支撑心轴末端的支撑件。
通过这种方式,获得可靠、廉价且易于制造和组装的凸轮随行滚柱装置,同时所述凸轮随行滚柱装置使得挺杆在引导挺杆轴向运动的孔中正确地滑动。
为了在运输和安装期间固定滚柱,提议设置一种轴向保持装置用于将滚柱保持在套管内。所述轴向保持装置是可拆卸的并且通过在装置安装期间被取出的或永久的夹子和/或塑料插销被实施。
在所述后者情况下,保持装置优选在支撑体和滚柱被插入后由所制得的套管的开口的边缘的变形所形成。
在优选实施例中,套管包括底座。支撑体优选设置在套管的底座上。该底座保证支撑体在套管内的准确限定的轴向位置。
套管的底座有利地通过压配合被装配在套管内。因此,套管可以由廉价管道制成。提议通过压配合被安装在套管内的底座形成一种带有支撑体的单件。
优选地,套管的底座通过压配合结合套管的外部变形被安装在套管内。
可替换地,完全可以生产一种带有冷锻底座的套管。
在优选实施例中,支撑体由被切割并弯曲以形成环状的金属板带制成。非常廉价且轻重量的支撑体能通过该方式被简单地制成。
另外,提议所述支撑体包括一种与套管的对应结构相互作用的结构或切口,从而提供抗旋转功能。具体地,所述切口可以被实施为一种由前述金属板带的弯曲所导致的间隙。
在另一个实施例中,支撑体是一种塑料环,其具有被插入或模制到塑料材料的金属支撑件。
本发明的另一方面涉及制造凸轮随行滚柱装置的方法,其中在插入滚柱之前所述支撑体被插入套管。
通过该方式,所述装置被简单地组装,而不需要在部分容纳滚柱的套管的壁面的侧向孔中安装心轴或轴。
附图说明
通过参考下面附图中所示的非限制性示范实施例的详细描述能更好地理解本发明,其中:
图1是根据本发明第一实施例的凸轮随行滚柱装置的轴向断面图;
图2是图1的装置的滚柱和滚柱支撑体的透视图;
图3是根据本发明第二实施例的凸轮随行滚柱装置的轴向断面图;
图4是图1-3的装置的支撑体制造方法图;
图5示出了根据替代实施例的复合材料支撑体;
图6a-6d是生产根据本发明的凸轮随行滚柱装置的方法示意图;
图7a-7d是生产根据本发明的凸轮随行滚柱装置的替换方法示意图。
具体实施方式
图1是根据本发明第一实施例的凸轮随行滚柱装置的轴向断面图。所述装置包括具有套管12的挺杆10,套管具有接收滚柱14的主要部分的圆形开口。滚柱14被可转动地安装在套管12内并包括从套管12的开口轴向伸出的部分。所述部分设置成与凸轮(未示出)配合。所述装置可以被用于内燃机的燃料喷射泵。
滚柱14包括心轴16和圆柱体18。心轴16的末端从滚柱14的圆柱体18的侧向表面突起。圆柱体18可以通过轴承或滚针轴承结构被可旋转地安装在心轴16上,或者可以以固定的方式通过顶锻或碾平被安装。另外,可以将滚柱的心轴16和圆柱体18制成整体。
滚柱14支撑体22被设置在套管12的底座24上。一个在喷射泵应用中作用在滚柱14表面上的强度为1-20kN的作用力,通过心轴被传递给支撑体22的轴承,并通过支撑体传递给底座24。对于该应用而言,喷射泵的活塞承靠在底座的外表面26上。该作用力因此主要被传递给活塞而不是套管12的壁面。
所述装置包括保持装置28以在运输或安装期间将滚柱14保持在套管12内。保持装置28在支撑体22和滚柱14被插入之后由套管12的开口边缘的变形所形成。所述变形采取突入套管12内部的肩部的形式,从而使滚柱14不能再被取出。
图2是图1的装置的滚柱14和滚柱支撑体22的透视图。支撑体22包括具有朝着套管12的开口定向的开式轴承或支撑件20a,20b,如图1所示。支撑件20a,20b具有半圆形轮廓,朝着顶部打开并具有与心轴16的末端对应的直径。
支撑体22包括与插入套管12的壁面上的小孔的销相互作用的切口,从而提供抗旋转功能。
图3是根据本发明第二实施例的凸轮随行滚柱装置的轴向断面图,其中套管的底座24通过压配合结合套管12的外部变形被安装在套管12内。
套管12可以非常简单地通过一部分管道和垫圈被制成。垫圈被设置在管道内,管道被从外侧压迫从而向内变形钉牢垫圈。
图4是图1-3的装置的支撑件的制造方法图。支撑体22由被弯曲成环形的具有半圆凹陷的金属切割板条制成。
图5示出了根据替代实施例的复合材料支撑体,其中支撑体22是带有被插入或模制到塑料材料内的金属支撑件20a,20b的塑料环。
图6a-6d是根据本发明的凸轮随行滚柱装置的生产方法示意图。
在图6a所示的第一步中,示出了带有底座24的套管12的开口,所述开口向上被定向。
在图6b所示的第二步中,支撑体22被插入套管12,然后被放置在底座24上,通过这种方式支撑件20a,20b朝着顶部打开。
在图6c所示的第三步中,滚柱14和它的心轴16被插入套管12。心轴的末端自动地插入支撑件20a,20b。
最后,在图6d所示的第四步中,保持装置28通过利用碾平工具或其他合适工具造成套管12的开口的边缘的变形而制成。
图7a-7d是生产根据本发明的凸轮随行滚柱装置的替代方法的示意图。图7a-7c的步骤与图6a-6c中的步骤相同。在图7d所示的第四步中,被实施为塑料元件的保持装置28被插入套管12的开口中。保持装置28可以在滚柱被放置成与凸轮接触之前被取出。

Claims (11)

1.一种凸轮随行滚柱装置,包括:
a.挺杆(10),其包括具有适合部分容纳滚柱(14)的开口的套管(12);
b.滚柱(14),其被可旋转地安装在套管(12)内并具有从套管(12)的开口轴向地伸出与凸轮配合的一部分,
c.所述滚柱(14)包括心轴(16)和圆柱体,该心轴(16)的末端从该圆柱体的侧向面突起;
其特征在于所述装置还包括
d.收纳在套管(12)内的滚柱(14)支撑体(22);
e.所述支撑体(22)包括支撑该心轴(16)末端的支撑件(20a,20b)。
2.根据权利要求1的凸轮随行滚柱装置,其中所述支撑件(20a,20b)朝该套管(12)的开口打开。
3.根据权利要求1或2的凸轮随行滚柱装置,包括在运输期间用于将该滚柱(14)保持在该套管(12)内的保持装置(28)。
4.根据权利要求3的凸轮随行滚柱装置,其中该保持装置(28)在该支撑体(22)和该滚柱(14)被插入后由所制得的该套管(12)的该开口的边缘的变形所形成。
5.根据前述权利要求1或2的凸轮随行滚柱装置,其中该支撑体(22)设置在该套管(12)的底座(24)上。
6.根据权利要求5的凸轮随行滚柱装置,其中该套管的该底座(24)通过压配合被装配在该套管(12)内。
7.根据权利要求6的凸轮随行滚柱装置,其中该套管的该底座(24)通过压配合结合该套管(12)的外部变形被安装在该套管(12)内。
8.根据前述权利要求1或2的凸轮随行滚柱装置,其中该支撑体(22)由被切割并弯曲成环状的金属板条制成。
9.根据前述权利要求1或2的凸轮随行滚柱装置,其中所述支撑体(22)包括一种与该套管(12)的对应结构相互作用的结构或切口,从而提供抗旋转功能。
10.根据权利要求1或2的凸轮随行滚柱装置,其中该支撑体(22)是塑料环,其具有被插入或模制到该塑料材料上的金属支撑件(20a,20b)。
11.一种制造根据前述权利要求之一的凸轮随行滚柱装置的方法,其特征在于所述支撑体(22)在滚柱(14)插入之前被插入该套管(12)。
CN201310757348.0A 2012-11-29 2013-11-29 凸轮随行滚柱装置 Active CN103850848B (zh)

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FR1203229A FR2998629B1 (fr) 2012-11-29 2012-11-29 Dispositif de rouleau suiveur de came
FR12/03229 2012-11-29

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CN103850848B true CN103850848B (zh) 2019-03-26

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CN103850848A (zh) 2014-06-11
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FR2998629A1 (fr) 2014-05-30

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