CN103829110B - 一种魔芋汤圆的制作方法 - Google Patents
一种魔芋汤圆的制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103829110B CN103829110B CN201310669404.5A CN201310669404A CN103829110B CN 103829110 B CN103829110 B CN 103829110B CN 201310669404 A CN201310669404 A CN 201310669404A CN 103829110 B CN103829110 B CN 103829110B
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- konjaku
- rice dumpling
- powder
- rice
- flour
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种魔芋汤圆的制作方法,是以玉米粉、糯米粉、魔芋精粉、菊芋粉、野山茶籽油、橄榄油、苏籽为原料;制法是用野山茶油、橄榄油混合后与菊芋粉、魔芋精粉和苏籽调匀做成汤圆芯,并用玉米粉、糯米粉混合调匀作为汤圆外层,最后采用常规的汤圆做法制成。本发明解决了现有技术中魔芋不适于制作汤圆且魔芋精粉保健食品易粘连口腔以及食疗营养价值不理想的问题,提供了一种食疗保健营养价值高、口感好,且具有保护胃黏膜和减肥作用的保健食品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种魔芋汤圆的制作方法,属于保健品领域。
背景技术
魔芋为蒟蒻(学名:Amorphophalms konjac/Amorphophallus),又称蒟蒻芋,俗称魔芋、雷公枪、菎蒟,为多年生宿根性块茎草本植物。魔芋地下块茎扁圆形,宛如大个儿荸荠,营养十分丰富,含有多种维生素和钾、磷、硒等矿物质元素,还含有人类所需要的魔芋多糖,并具有低热量、低脂肪和高纤维素的特点。在现有技术中,魔芋多用于食品加工业,以及用于提取葡萄甘露聚糖成分。在现有技术中,魔芋精粉通常用于食品加工中。将魔芋精粉加水糊化成为透明、无色、无味的糊精加入粮食食品中,能增加其粘性、弹性和伸展性,其吸水性强,色泽、口感好,保水,保鲜、耐贮藏,而且比添加其它植物蛋白、鸡蛋蛋白和淀粉的成本低,效果好;如魔芋面条、魔芋面包、魔芋蛋糕和魔芋粉条等产品。魔芋中含量最大的葡萄甘露聚糖具有强大的膨胀力,有超过任何一种植物胶的粘韧度,既可填充胃肠,消除饥饿感,又因所含热量很少,故可控制体重,有降脂的作用。因此,目前魔芋最大的利用价值在于其葡萄甘露聚糖成分,是唯一能大量提供葡甘露聚糖的主要经济作物。然而,如何实现魔芋中有效成分的便捷利用和有效摄取成为了现有技术中的难题。
现有技术中的汤圆在食用时容易粘连口腔,而魔芋精粉在吸水后容易迅速膨胀,不宜制作汤圆。因此,用魔芋制成汤圆的情况并不多见。如何使魔芋能够应用于汤圆制作,并提高产品的食疗保健营养价值,是新型保健食品行业所面临的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种魔芋汤圆的制作方法,解决了现有技术中魔芋不适于制作汤圆且魔芋精粉保健食品易粘连口腔以及食疗保健营养价值不理想的问题。
本发明的技术方案内容如下:
一种魔芋汤圆的制作方法,是以玉米粉、糯米粉、魔芋精粉、菊芋粉、野山茶籽油、橄榄油、苏籽为原料;制法是用野山茶油、橄榄油混合后与苏籽、菊芋粉、魔芋精粉调匀做成汤圆芯,并用玉米粉和糯米粉混合调匀作为汤圆外层,最后采用常规的汤圆做法制成。
所述玉米粉为白玉米粉、紫玉米粉中的任一种。
所述玉米粉为白糯米粉、黑糯米粉中的任一种。
所述汤圆芯原料中还包括白砂糖、罗汉果提取物、红糖中的任一种或几种。
所述汤圆芯原料中还包括花生仁、桃仁、陈皮、板栗、水果脯中的任一种或几种。
所述汤圆芯原料中的苏籽在炒熟后碾碎与其他原料相粘制成汤圆芯。
所述玉米粉和糯米粉的混合粉中糯米粉的重量百分含量≥50%。
所述野山茶油、橄榄油的混合油中橄榄油的体积百分含量≥50%。
所述汤圆芯原料中,魔芋精粉的重量百分含量为20%~50%。
本发明的有益效果:扩展了魔芋精粉制成保健食品的途径,将魔芋精粉作为原料制成了汤圆,解决了魔芋精粉食用时易粘连口腔以及食疗保健营养价值不理想的问题,达到了有效控制魔芋精粉遇水膨胀释放的效果,通过添加菊芋粉、橄榄油、野山茶油、苏籽等原料增强了营养、口感和保健功效,开发出了一种营养价值高、口感好,且具有保护胃黏膜和减肥等功效的新型保健食品。
与现有技术相比,本发明将魔芋精粉与菊芋粉、苏籽混合,再与橄榄油、野山茶油混合,以较好的比例调匀,作为汤圆芯,再配合由玉米粉和糯米粉组成的汤圆外层,解决了魔芋精粉吸水后迅速膨胀而粘连口腔的问题,使魔芋精粉可以在胃部消化阶段释放。苏籽在炒熟后碾碎,可将花生仁、桃仁、陈皮、水果脯等固态汤圆芯原料粘在一起,丰富营养和口感,并在一定程度上辅助控制魔芋精粉的膨胀。橄榄油和野山茶油不仅品质天然、有益健康,还能起到隔绝魔芋精粉和水接触的作用,使魔芋精粉在汤圆进入口腔后不会立即与水接触,而产生膨胀粘连口腔的情况,也保证了魔芋精粉以及其他汤圆芯原料能够适时发挥好相应的保健功效。
本发明创新的将魔芋精粉、菊芋粉,与野山茶油、橄榄油的调和物作为汤圆芯成分,可得到全新的具有食疗价值的营养保健食品。魔芋精粉、菊芋粉配合野山茶油、橄榄油的使用,具有更高的保健价值。
本发明通过对汤圆外层中糯米粉的重量百分含量,和汤圆芯原料中魔芋精粉的重量百分含量,以及混合油中橄榄油的体积百分含量作出限定,明确了魔芋汤圆的原料比例,具有更加灵活的操作性,可制作出口味丰富多样的魔芋汤圆食品,并具有较为稳定的保健功效。
在汤圆芯原料中,菊芋粉中的甜菊苷,罗汉果提取物中的罗汉果苷,红糖,白砂糖的加入,不仅增强了口感,也增加了润肺生津、止咳、和中益肺、舒缓肝气、滋阴、调味、解盐卤毒等保健功效。罗汉果提取物的加入增强了可食用性,降低了食物热量,并含有丰富的维生素C,有抗衰老、抗癌和益肤美容作用以及降血脂、降血糖及减肥作用,可辅助治疗高脂血症,改善肥胖症。在汤圆芯中增加罗汉果提取物或者白砂糖还能增进魔芋汤圆的口感,并增加罗汉果提取物的营养保健作用。甜菊苷和罗汉果苷为天然甜味剂,有益人体健康,并有利于调和橄榄油、野山茶油和菊芋粉的特殊香味。
魔芋精粉在进入胃部后,通过胃部消化和缓释作用,可形成半透明膜衣,附着在肠壁上,阻碍各种有害物质,特别是致癌物质的吸收。此外,魔芋精粉中的药用成份能清出沉积在心血管的脂肪和胆固醇;食用动物性酸性食品过多者有效摄取魔芋精粉的有效成分,可以达到食品酸、碱平衡的效果。魔芋精粉中含有对人体有利的果胶、生物碱、17种氨基酸和微量元素,含有一种天然的抗菌素,可开胃化食,清除肠道垃圾,使小肠酶分泌增加,加快清除肠壁上沉积物,使其尽快排出体外。并且,魔芋精粉中的食物纤维在肠胃吸收水分膨胀后,体积增加,增强饱腹感,可溶性纤维形成了胶态,延缓了葡萄糖和脂肪的吸收,逐渐使血糖和血脂水平下降,从而可以有效防治高血糖、高血脂类疾病的发生。这可能是因为,食物纤维在肠内酵解,导致肠内PH值下降,影响厌氧菌群代谢活动成为抗肿瘤发生的因子来源;食物纤维还能促进胆固醇转化为胆酸,减少胆酸通过肝再循环,从而降低胆固醇,因而能抑止胆固醇上升;此外,魔芋精粉中的黏液蛋白可以起到预防动脉硬化的作用。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例进一步解释本发明,但本发明内容不局限于以下所述。
本发明所述的一种魔芋汤圆的制作方法,是以白玉米粉、白糯米粉、魔芋精粉、菊芋粉、野山茶籽油、橄榄油、苏籽为原料;制法是用野山茶油、橄榄油混合后与菊芋粉、魔芋精粉和苏籽调匀做成汤圆芯,并用玉米粉、糯米粉混合调匀作为汤圆外层,最后采用常规的汤圆做法制成。
本发明所述魔芋汤圆的制作方法用于汤圆制作中,可获得传统食品与现代中药有效提取物想结合的新型产品,不仅营养丰富、方便食用,且有利于消化吸收。由于本发明魔芋汤圆的制作方法的制法特殊,在口腔内不会粘连,能够在胃中形成保护黏膜,并起到一定的减肥作用。本发明开辟了魔芋精粉类保健品的新型食用途径,不仅便于食用、有利营养吸收,也有利于魔芋精粉类保健品的推广。
本发明所用的魔芋精粉,其主要成分是葡甘露聚糖,即法定编号为CAS[37220-17-0]/INS425的产品,主要成分为甘露糖和葡萄糖以-1,4健健合的高分子量非离子型甘露聚糖(glucomannan),有少量以-1,4键和的支键结构,沿葡甘露聚糖主链上平均每隔9~19个糖单位有1个乙酰基,它有助于葡甘露聚糖的溶解,平均分子量20万~200万。魔芋精粉通常为白色或奶油淡棕黄色粉末,可分散于pH值为4.0~7.0的热水或冷水中并形成高粘度溶液,加热和机械搅拌可提高溶解度;如在溶液中加中等量的碱,可形成即使强烈加热也不溶解的热稳定凝胶。此外,还有呈淡黄至褐色粉末的魔芋精粉,其基本无臭、无味。其水溶液有很强的拖尾(拉丝)现象,稠度很高,对纤维物质有一定分解能力,溶于水,不溶于乙醇和油脂。
魔芋精粉是将魔芋粉(由蒟蒻Amorphophallus的块根干燥后经去皮、切片、烘干、粉碎、过筛所得细粉)用乙醇、石油醚等进行物理改性,以提高水溶性、溶解粘度、溶解速度等性能,为此可将块根切片、粉碎后浸于乙醇中,在60℃下减压干燥,用石油醚脱脂,加氢氧化钠液溶解后过滤,滤液用盐酸中和后再加醋酸铅提取,取滤液,通入硫化氢以除去铅离子,加乙醇沉淀,离心分离后用丙酮干燥,先为粗品,再用氢氧化钠溶解,过滤,用盐酸中和后浓缩,用乙醇沉淀,离心后再用丙酮干燥而得的精品,因此称为“魔芋精粉”。魔芋精粉中的有效成分更多地被释放出来,其具有的补钙、平衡盐分、洁胃、整肠、排毒等作用更强,可活血化瘀、解毒消肿、宽肠通便、化痰软坚;主治瘰疬痰核、损伤瘀肿、便秘腹痛、咽喉肿痛、牙龈肿痛等症。
本发明所用的玉米粉、糯米粉含有丰富的蛋白质、不饱和脂肪以及钙、磷、铁等矿物质,还有多种维生素如维生素B1、B2、维生素E、维生素A原(胡萝卜素)和烟酸,微量元素硒、镁等。其营养全面,制得的汤圆口感较好。
本发明所用的菊芋粉又名洋姜粉,是植物菊芋(Helianthustuberosus)的根茎制成的粉。菊芋粉具有利水除湿,清热凉血,益胃和中的功效。菊芋粉及其含有低聚果糖的可调节肠胃功能,提高免疫力,排毒养颜,改善脂质代谢,促进矿物质吸收,有利于维生素合成。
本发明所用的野山茶籽油是野生的山茶籽油,为我国特有优质食用油,其品味与橄榄油同级。野山茶籽油色佳味香,营养丰富,有降低血压、血脂和软化血管等作用。长期食用野山茶籽油,可使皮肤细嫩润泽,头发乌黑发亮,人体免疫力增强,美容、保健价值极高。
本发明所用的橄榄油为优质食用级橄榄油,含丰富的单不饱和脂肪酸,即油酸及亚油酸、亚麻酸,还有维生素A、维生素B、维生素D、维生素E、维生素K及抗氧化物等。橄榄油被认为是迄今所发现的油脂中最适合人体营养的油。橄榄油具有促进血液循环、改善消化系统功能、提高内分泌系统功能、抗衰老、抗菌消炎、调节血压等有益作用。
本发明所用的苏籽是选用优质紫苏籽以传统的物理压榨方法精制而成,其具有保肝、抗血栓、降血脂、降血压,保护视力,提高智力的作用,并对过敏反应及炎症有抑制作用。苏籽是目前所知α-亚麻酸(a-LNA)含量最高的食用植物油,且品质最好,油中的α-亚麻酸含量高达70%左右。
本发明将野山茶籽油、橄榄油按橄榄油体积百分含量≥50%来混合使用,并与菊芋粉、魔芋精粉、苏籽调匀,作为汤圆芯,提高了魔芋汤圆的营养价值和保健效果。这可能是由于各成分之间产生了相互促进的协同作用。而本发明进一步提供的最佳配比使这种协同作用达到最佳状态,发挥了最佳食疗效果。
实施例1
原料:
白玉米粉、白糯米粉、魔芋精粉、菊芋粉、野山茶籽油、橄榄油、苏籽;
制法:
用野山茶油、橄榄油混合,其中橄榄油体积百分含量为50%;然后与菊芋粉、魔芋精粉和苏籽调匀做成汤圆芯,在汤圆芯原料中魔芋精粉的重量百分含量为10%;并用白玉米粉、白糯米粉混合调匀作为汤圆外层,其中白糯米粉的重量百分含量为50%,最后采用常规的汤圆做法制成魔芋汤圆。
实施例2
原料:
紫玉米粉、黑糯米粉、魔芋精粉、菊芋粉、野山茶籽油、橄榄油、苏籽、罗汉果提取物、花生仁;
制法:
用野山茶油、橄榄油混合,其中橄榄油体积百分含量为60%;然后,与菊芋粉、魔芋精粉和炒熟并碾碎的苏籽调匀,再加入1%重量的罗汉果提取物,以及花生仁做成汤圆芯,在汤圆芯原料中魔芋精粉的重量百分含量为20%;并用紫玉米粉、黑糯米粉混合调匀作为汤圆外层,其中黑糯米粉的重量百分含量为60%;最后采用常规的汤圆做法制成魔芋汤圆。
实施例3
原料:
白玉米粉、黑糯米粉、魔芋精粉、菊芋粉、野山茶籽油、橄榄油、苏籽、白砂糖、花生仁、桃仁;
制法:
用野山茶油、橄榄油混合,其中橄榄油体积百分含量为70%;然后,与菊芋粉、魔芋精粉和苏籽调匀,再加入4%重量的白砂糖,花生仁、桃仁做成汤圆芯,在汤圆芯原料中魔芋精粉的重量百分含量为30%;并用白玉米粉、黑糯米粉混合调匀作为汤圆外层,其中黑糯米粉的重量百分含量为70%;最后采用常规的汤圆做法制成魔芋汤圆。
实施例4
原料:
紫玉米粉、白糯米粉、魔芋精粉、菊芋粉、野山茶籽油、橄榄油、苏籽、红糖、花生仁、桃仁、陈皮;
制法:
用野山茶油、橄榄油混合,其中橄榄油体积百分含量为80%;然后与菊芋粉、魔芋精粉和炒熟并碾碎的苏籽调匀,再加入4%重量的红糖,花生仁、桃仁、陈皮做成汤圆芯,在汤圆芯原料中魔芋精粉的重量百分含量为40%;并用紫玉米粉、白糯米粉混合调匀作为汤圆外层,其中白糯米粉的重量百分含量为80%;最后采用常规的汤圆做法制成魔芋汤圆。
实施例5
原料:
白玉米粉、白糯米粉、魔芋精粉、菊芋粉、野山茶籽油、橄榄油、苏籽、白砂糖、罗汉果提取物、红糖、花生仁、桃仁、陈皮、板栗、水果脯;
制法:
用野山茶油、橄榄油混合,其中橄榄油体积百分含量为90%;然后与菊芋粉、魔芋精粉和炒熟并碾碎的苏籽调匀,再加入白砂糖、罗汉果提取物、红糖,花生仁、桃仁、陈皮、板栗、水果脯做成汤圆芯,在汤圆芯原料中魔芋精粉的重量百分含量为50%;并用白玉米粉、白糯米粉混合调匀作为汤圆外层,其中白糯米粉的重量百分含量为90%;最后采用常规的汤圆做法制成魔芋汤圆。
下面以保健效果试验例来进一步解释本发明所述魔芋汤圆的制作方法的保健作用:
1.试验分组:
不分年龄、性别,选择100例肥胖人士,随机分为两组,每组50人;100例胃病患者,随机分为两组,每组50人。
2.试验方法:
组1、组3每日定时食用本发明实施例1制成的魔芋汤圆,组2、组4每日定时食用本发明实施例2制成的魔芋汤圆当作日常主食;使每组食用量相同,待每组被试不间断服用2个月后,观察记录各组的症状改善情况,按照无效、改善、明显改善三级标准来统计改善情况,并计算有效率,以检验本发明魔芋汤圆的保健效果:
有效率计算方法:
3.试验结果:
各组的保健试验结果如表1所示。
表1各组保健效果
通过对比可知,本发明实施例1~2制得的魔芋汤圆对肥胖和胃病都具有保健作用;其中,组1、组2的有效率高于组3和组4的有效率,可见本发明魔芋汤圆产品对于肥胖人士的保健效果更加,这可能是由于魔芋汤圆在使用后,其中的魔芋精粉成分在胃中膨胀,同时能够形成保护黏膜,达到了一定的控制食欲作用,使肥胖人士的肥胖症状得到明显改善。本发明魔芋汤圆产品对于胃病患者的保健效果虽然有限,但还是有一定的保护作用,能够在一定程度上缓解胃病的不良症状。组1与组2比较,有效率高于组2,这可能是因为组2所用的魔芋汤圆中还添加了白砂糖和罗汉果提取物,糖分的作用使肥胖人士的改善情况不如组1中的。然而,加入罗汉果提取物、白糖或红糖能提升口感,其口味更受欢迎。
Claims (6)
1.一种魔芋汤圆的制作方法,是以玉米粉、糯米粉、魔芋精粉、菊芋粉、野山茶籽油、橄榄油、苏籽为原料进行制作;其特征在于,制法是:用野山茶油、橄榄油混合,所述野山茶油、橄榄油的混合油中橄榄油体积百分含量≥50%;然后与苏籽、菊芋粉、魔芋精粉调匀做成汤圆芯,在汤圆芯原料中魔芋精粉的重量百分含量为20%~50%;并用玉米粉和糯米粉混合调匀作为汤圆外层,所述玉米粉和糯米粉的混合粉中糯米粉的重量百分含量≥50%;最后采用常规的汤圆做法制成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种魔芋汤圆的制作方法,其特征在于,所述玉米粉为白玉米粉、紫玉米粉中的任一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种魔芋汤圆的制作方法,其特征在于,所述糯米粉为白糯米粉、黑糯米粉中的任一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种魔芋汤圆的制作方法,其特征在于,所述汤圆芯原料中还包括白砂糖、罗汉果提取物、红糖中的任一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种魔芋汤圆的制作方法,其特征在于,所述汤圆芯原料中还包括花生仁、桃仁、陈皮、板栗、水果脯中的任一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种魔芋汤圆的制作方法,其特征在于,所述汤圆芯原料中的苏籽在炒熟后碾碎与其他原料相粘制成汤圆芯。
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