CN103800043B - 环形吻合器机械闭锁件 - Google Patents

环形吻合器机械闭锁件 Download PDF

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CN103800043B
CN103800043B CN201310553971.4A CN201310553971A CN103800043B CN 103800043 B CN103800043 B CN 103800043B CN 201310553971 A CN201310553971 A CN 201310553971A CN 103800043 B CN103800043 B CN 103800043B
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nail bin
bin groupware
locking sleeve
anvil assembly
surgical stapling
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CN103800043A (zh
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贾斯汀·威廉斯
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Covidien LP
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/11Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for performing anastomosis; Buttons for anastomosis
    • A61B17/115Staplers for performing anastomosis in a single operation
    • A61B17/1155Circular staplers comprising a plurality of staples
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07257Stapler heads characterised by its anvil
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/08Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
    • A61B2090/0814Preventing re-use

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Abstract

本公开提供了一种环形吻合器机械闭锁件。还公开了一种用于连结组织部分的手术吻合装置,所述手术吻合装置包括钉仓组件和砧座组件。所述砧座组件能够相对于所示钉仓组件在隔开位置和接近位置之间平移,在所述隔开位置,砧座组件与钉仓组件隔开,在所述接近位置,砧座组件与钉仓组件密切配合对准以夹紧被布置在它们之间的组织。闭锁套筒可滑动地支撑在钉仓组件上且能够相对于钉仓组件和砧座组件在第一位置和第二位置之间平移。当所述闭锁套筒处于第二位置时,所述闭锁套筒被配置为接合砧座组件和钉仓组件以抑制砧座组件相对于钉仓组件从所述隔开位置平移至所述接近位置。本发明还公开了在发射后闭锁手术吻合装置的方法。

Description

环形吻合器机械闭锁件
技术领域
本公开涉及用于执行外科手术操作的手术器械。更具体地,本公开涉及环形吻合器械和用于在发射后抑制砧座组件夹紧的闭锁件。
背景技术
环形吻合器因其在闭合手术操作(例如,内窥镜手术操作、腹腔镜手术操作或通过天然人体孔的手术操作)中的使用而为人所知。典型地,环形吻合器包括在细长主体远端上的钉仓组件和能够可拆卸地插入钉仓组件中的砧座组件。砧座组件与钉仓组件接近以抓紧其间的组织。钉仓组件包括用于抵靠砧座组件使吻合钉成形的机构和用于切断被吻合组织的刀具。可以通过手动操作扳机或动力驱动组件来执行砧座组件和钉仓组件的致动。通常,吻合钉成形装置的致动和刀具的推进都是在同一时间发生的,即,同时发生。在吻合术操作中,首先,砧座组件相对于钉仓组件接近以抓紧其间的组织,然后,通过扳机或动力驱动来致动钉仓组件以抵靠砧座组件使吻合钉成形并推进刀具来切断组织。典型地,钉仓组件仅被发射一次,然后,砧座组件不再相对于钉仓组件接近。然而,在一些示例中,即使钉仓组件的吻合钉已经用尽,医生可能会尝试使砧座组件相对于钉仓组件再次接近并且使环形吻合器再次发射。
发明内容
使手术吻合装置包括用于在手术吻合装置的初始发射之后抑制砧座组件与钉仓组件再接近的闭锁件是有益的。因此,提供了一种手术吻合装置,其包括闭锁机构,例如,闭锁套筒,其被配置为在发射之后接合砧座组件和钉仓组件以抑制砧座组件相对于钉仓组件再接近。
在本公开的一个方案中,公开了一种用于连结组织部分的手术吻合装置,所述手术吻合装置包括:手柄组件;细长主体,其从手柄组件延伸出;钉仓组件,其被支撑在细长主体的远端上且包括吻合钉钉仓,所述吻合钉钉仓包含环形阵列的多个手术吻合钉;以及砧座组件,其在手术吻合装置的远端处,具有用于可拆卸地联接砧座组件至钉仓组件的轴和被枢转地安装至轴的远端的头。砧座组件能够相对于钉仓组件在隔开位置和接近位置之间平移,在所述隔开位置,砧座组件与钉仓组件隔开,在所述接近位置,砧座组件与钉仓组件密切配合对准以夹紧被布置在它们之间的组织。所述手术吻合装置进一步包括闭锁套筒,其可滑动地被支撑在钉仓组件上且能够相对于钉仓组件和砧座组件在第一位置和第二位置之间平移。当闭锁套筒处于第二位置时,闭锁套筒被配置为接合砧座组件和钉仓组件以抑制砧座组件相对于钉仓组件从隔开位置平移至接近位置。
在本公开的一个方案中,闭锁套筒包括从其延伸出的至少一个翼件,并且当闭锁套筒处于第二位置时,所述翼件被配置为接合砧座组件以抑制砧座组件相对于闭锁套筒的近侧平移。至少一个翼件可以包括与闭锁套筒大致上纵向对准的第一部分和从所述第一部分延伸出的向内偏置的支腿。所述支腿被配置为接合砧座组件的凸缘以抑制砧座组件相对于闭锁套筒的近侧平移。至少一个翼件可以替换地包括与闭锁套筒大致上纵向对准的第一部分、与第一部分大致上正交的从第一部分延伸出的第二部分以及从第二部分延伸出的支腿。所述支腿可以相对于第一部分和第二部分向内偏置。至少一个翼件可以从闭锁套筒的远端延伸出。
在本公开的一个方案中,钉仓组件包括其上具有至少一个凹部的内筒状部分。当闭锁套筒处于所述第一位置时,闭锁套筒的至少一个翼件可以抵靠至少一个凹部被布置。
在本公开的一个方案中,闭锁套筒包括从其延伸出的至少一个钩,并且当闭锁套筒处于第二位置时,所述钩被配置为接合钉仓组件以抑制闭锁套筒相对于钉仓组件的近侧平移。当闭锁套筒处于第一位置时,至少一个钩可以被布置为与钉仓组件的内筒状部分的侧壁相邻,而当闭锁套筒处于第二位置时,所述钩可以被配置为搭扣且接合内筒状部分的端部。至少一个钩可以包括从闭锁套筒延伸出并且大致上与闭锁套筒对准的第一部分和从第一部分延伸出的弓形部分。当闭锁套筒处于第二位置时,弓形部分可以被配置为搭扣且接合钉仓组件的内筒状部分的端部。至少一个钩可以从闭锁套筒的远端延伸出。
在本公开的一个方案中,闭锁套筒包括纵向延伸的槽,所述槽被配置为用来将钉仓组件的翼件滑动地接纳于其中。当闭锁套筒处于第二位置时,钉仓组件的翼件被配置为接合槽的近端以抑制闭锁套筒相对于钉仓组件远侧平移超过第二位置。
在本公开的一个方案中,钉仓组件包括可操作地被联接至手柄组件的驱动构件。在手柄组件致动时,所述驱动构件被配置为接合闭锁套筒以使闭锁套筒从第一位置平移至第二位置。
在本公开的一个方案中,钉仓组件包括可操作地被联接至手柄组件的刀具推动器,并且在手柄组件致动时,所述刀具推动器被配置为向远侧推进刀片以切断被布置在吻合钉钉仓的径向向内的组织。
在本公开的一个方案中,钉仓组件进一步包括与手柄组件可操作地相关联的吻合钉推动器,并且在手柄组件致动时,所述吻合钉推动器被配置为将吻合钉驱动出所述钉仓组件。
在本公开的一个方案中,公开了一种用于连结组织部分的手术吻合装置,所述手术吻合装置包括:手柄组件;细长主体,其从手柄组件延伸出;和钉仓组件,其被支撑在细长主体的远端上。所述钉仓组件包括:吻合钉钉仓,所述吻合钉钉仓包含环形阵列的多个手术吻合钉;吻合钉推动器,其被配置为推进通过吻合钉钉仓以从吻合钉钉仓中射出多个手术吻合钉;刀具组件,其被配置为推进通过钉仓组件以切断组织;以及驱动构件,其被布置在钉仓组件内且与手柄组件可操作地关联,在手柄组件致动时,所述驱动构件被配置为推进吻合钉推动器和刀具组件。手术吻合装置进一步包括在手术吻合装置远端处的砧座组件。所述砧座组件具有用于可拆卸地联接砧座组件至钉仓组件的轴和被枢转地安装至轴的远端的头。砧座组件能够相对于钉仓组件在隔开位置和接近位置之间平移,在所述隔开位置,砧座组件与钉仓组件隔开,在所述接近位置,砧座组件与钉仓组件密切配合对准以夹紧被布置在它们之间的组织。手术吻合装置进一步包括闭锁套筒,其可滑动地被支撑在钉仓组件上且能够相对于钉仓组件和砧座组件在第一位置和第二位置之间平移。当闭锁套筒处于第二位置时,闭锁套筒被配置为接合砧座组件和钉仓组件以抑制砧座组件相对于钉仓组件从隔开位置平移至接近位置。
在本公开的一个方案中,公开了一种在发射之后闭锁手术吻合装置的方法,该方法包括:将手术吻合装置的砧座组件从隔开位置平移至接近位置,在所述隔开位置,砧座组件与手术吻合装置的钉仓组件隔开,在所述接近位置,砧座组件与钉仓组件密切配合对准以夹紧被布置在它们之间的组织;是吻合钉推动器相对于钉仓组件平移以朝向砧座组件迫使被布置在钉仓组件中的多个紧固件穿过组织;将手术吻合装置的闭锁套筒相对于钉仓组件和砧座组件从第一位置平移至第二位置,在所述第二位置,闭锁套筒的第一部分被布置为与砧座组件的轴相邻而闭锁套筒的第二部分与钉仓组件接合以抑制闭锁套筒从第二位置平移至第一位置;以及将砧座组件从接近位置平移至隔开位置,其中闭锁套筒的第一部分接合砧座组件以抑制砧座套筒从隔开位置平移至接近位置。
在本公开的一个方案中,闭锁套筒的第一部分可以包括支腿,并且砧座组件可以包括凸缘。当砧座组件从接近位置平移至隔开位置时,闭锁套筒的支腿可以接合砧座组件的凸缘以抑制砧座组件相对于钉仓组件从隔开位置平移至接近位置。
在本公开的一个方案中,闭锁套筒的第二部分可以包括钩。当闭锁套筒从第一位置平移至第二位置时,闭锁套筒的钩可以接合钉仓组件的内筒状部分以抑制闭锁套筒从第二位置平移至第一位置。
在本公开的一个方案中,所述方法可以进一步包括将钉仓组件的驱动构件从第一状态平移至第二状态。驱动构件可以接合闭锁套筒的近端以将闭锁套筒从第一位置平移至第二位置。
在本公开的方案中,驱动构件可操作地被联接至刀具组件,所述刀具组件可滑动地被布置在钉仓组件中,其中,驱动构件从第一状态至第二状态的平移相对于钉仓组件推进刀具组件以切断被布置在夹紧在砧座组件和钉仓组件之间的组织的径向向内的组织。
在不偏离本公开范围的情况下,本公开上述任意方案可以与本公开的其他任意方案结合。
附图说明
并入到本说明书中并且构成了本说明书的一部分的附图,图示了本公开的实施例,并且与在上文中给出的本公开的概括描述以及在下文中给出的实施例的详细描述一起用于解释本公开的原理,其中:
图1是根据本公开的示例性环形吻合器的立体图;
图2是图1的环形吻合器的闭锁套筒的立体图;
图3是图1的环形吻合器的钉仓组件和砧座组件的侧剖视图;
图4A是图3的砧座组件和钉仓组件的侧剖视图,图示了发射期间的钉仓组件;
图4B是图3的砧座组件和钉仓组件的侧剖视图,图示了发射后的钉仓组件;
图4C是图3的砧座组件和钉仓组件的侧剖视图,图示了发射后的钉仓组件,其中驱动构件返回至近侧位置;
图5是图3的砧座组件和钉仓组件的侧剖视图,图示了发射后的钉仓组件,其中砧座组件相对于钉仓组件不接近;
图6A是图5的钉仓组件的纵向立体剖视图,图示了发射后与钉仓组件的内筒状部分接合的闭锁套筒;
图6B是图1的环形吻合器的钉仓组件的内筒状部分和外筒状部分的前视立体图,图示了通过多个肋件连结在一起的内筒状部分和外筒状部分。
图7是图5的砧座组件的立体图,图示了与砧座轴的凸缘相接合的闭锁套筒;
图8是图2的闭锁套筒的翼件的替换实施例的侧视图;以及
图9是图2的闭锁套筒的替换实施例的立体图,该闭锁套筒包括图8的翼件。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图详细地描述包括可倾斜的砧座头的本公开的环形吻合器械的实施例,其中在几幅附图的每幅附图中相同附图标记表示相同的或对应的元件。如本技术领域所常见的,术语“近侧”指的是距诸如外科医生或内科医生等用户或操作者较近的部分或部件,而术语“远侧”指的是较远离用户的部分或部件。
首先参照图1,在本文中公开了一种手术吻合装置,例如,环形吻合器,且通常被表示为环形吻合器10。环形吻合器10包括手柄组件12和被联接至手柄组件12的远端的细长主体100。钉仓组件102被安装在细长主体100的远端上。
手柄组件12包括固定手柄14和可动手柄或扳机16。手柄组件12还包括用来使砧座组件140相对于钉仓组件102移动的调整旋钮18。在本文中仅对手柄组件12的结构和功能描述至充分公开钉仓组件102的操作所必需的程度。在第6,053,390号;第5,588,579号;第5,119,987号;第5,005,749号;第4,646,745号;第4,576,167号和第4,473,077号美国专利中描述了用于执行中空器官的环形吻合术的器械的示例,其中每一个专利的全部内容通过引用合并于此。
细长主体100可以从手柄组件12延伸出来或可以可拆卸地附接至手柄组件12,并且可以构造成沿其长度具有弯曲的形状。在不脱离本公开的范围的情况下,可以设想到,细长主体100可以基本上是刚性的或可以是柔性的。
手柄组件12可以包括动力致动机构,其被配置通过细长主体100向钉仓组件102提供线性运动。例如,手柄组件12可以包括电动机或其他电气装置(未显示),其在扳机16致动时产生旋转运动并将旋转运动转换成线性运动,所述线性运动经由驱动组件(未显示)通过细长主体100传递以供钉仓组件102使用。可以设想的是,电动机或其他电气装置可以替换地直接产生线性运动。在序列号为12/946,082,于2010年11月15日提交的,标题为“ADAPTERS FOR USE BETWWEN SURGICAL HANDLE ASSEMBLY AND SURGICAL END EFFECTOR(用于在手术用手柄组件和手术用末端执行器之间使用的接合器)”的共同待决的美国专利申请中描述了与手术吻合装置一起使用的包括动力致动机构的器械的示例,该专利申请全部内容通过引用合并于此。还可以设想的是,吻合装置可以具有包括钉仓组件、砧座构件以及相关机构的可替换的头。这样的吻合设备可以包括图1的手动致动的手柄组件并且如上所述,或可以包括具有第一驱动构件和第二驱动构件的动力致动器组件。例如,如上所述,第12/946,082号美国专利申请公开了具有动力致动器组件的手术装置。这样的致动器组件可由机动化手柄供给动力。
钉仓组件102限定了纵向轴线A-A(图3)。在一个实施例中,钉仓组件102被可拆卸地固定至细长主体100,使得钉仓组件102可以被更换且环形吻合器10可以被再次使用。可替换地,环形吻合器10被配置为单次使用,即,一次性的。
环形吻合器10(图1)还包括砧座组件140,砧座组件140被定位在钉仓组件102的远侧且能够可拆卸地插入到钉仓组件102中。砧座组件140能够相对于钉仓组件102沿着纵向轴线A-A(图3)平移。
现在参照图3至图5,砧座组件140包括砧座头142和砧座轴144。砧座轴144可插入到钉仓组件102的内镗孔116(图6A和图6B)中且能够可拆卸地并可滑动地固定在钉仓组件102的内镗孔116内。轴144被配置为能够通过手柄组件12(图1)致动以使得砧座组件140沿着纵向轴线A-A相对于钉仓组件102轴向平移,从而使砧座组件140相对于钉仓组件102接近或不接近。例如,调整旋钮18(图1)可以被致动以使得砧座组件140相对于钉仓组件102平移,从而调整砧座头142和钉仓组件102之间的间距。
砧座头142包括组织接触表面146,组织接触表面146限定了吻合钉成形穴148。砧座头142通过枢轴组件150被联接至砧座轴144且能够绕枢轴组件150旋转以使砧座头142从非倾斜状态(图3)朝倾斜状态(未显示)倾斜,用来在完成外科吻合手术操作后,从主体卸除环形吻合器10。在非倾斜状态(图3)下,砧座头142的组织接触表面146被配置为大致上垂直于纵向轴线A-A。在倾斜状态(未显示)下,砧座头142的组织接触表面146近似与纵向轴线A-A对齐或相对于纵向轴线A-A略有偏移。例如,在倾斜状态(未显示)下,组织接触表面146的一部分可以限定与纵向轴线A-A成锐角,同时在轴144的相对侧上组织接触表面146的剩余部分可以限定与纵向轴线A-A成钝角。
枢轴组件150包括砧座头142的砧座底部152和轴144的远端154。轴144的远端154被插入到砧座底部152中且通过销156可旋转固定于其中。砧座头142通过被布置在砧座轴144中的弹簧158和柱塞160朝向于倾斜状态被弹簧偏置。柱塞160被配置为接合邻近于或接近于枢轴组件150的砧座头142的近侧表面162且由于弹簧158的偏置而朝倾斜状态迫动砧座头142。当砧座头142处于倾斜状态时,柱塞160还定尺寸为固定地接合砧座头142的近侧表面162。例如,柱塞160可以包括环形表面160a,环形表面160a被配置为接合砧座头142的对应环形表面162a以在最终倾斜状态下固定砧座头142。
现在参照图3,砧座轴144包括弹簧壳体164和外表面168,弹簧壳体164具有被配置用来将弹簧158和柱塞160的至少一部分接纳于其中的内腔室166,外表面168具有凸缘170以及从凸缘170朝向砧座轴144的近侧部分174延伸的锥形部分172。
现在参照图3至图6B,砧座组件140包括驱动构件104、壳体106、吻合钉钉仓120、吻合钉推动器128、刀具组件250和闭锁套筒200。吻合钉钉仓120可操作地被安装在钉仓组件102的远端处,且在一个实施例中,吻合钉钉仓120可拆卸地被固定至钉仓组件102使得吻合钉钉仓120可以被更换。
现在参照图6A和图6B,钉仓组件102的壳体106包括外筒状部分108、内筒状部分110以及在内筒状部分110和外筒状部分108之间延伸的多个径向延伸的支架件或肋件112。壳体106的内筒状部分110和外筒状部分108是同轴的并在它们之间限定了被配置以接纳吻合钉推动器128和刀具组件250的环形通道114。钉仓组件102的内镗孔116延伸贯通内筒状部分110且被配置为将砧座组件140的轴144接纳于其中,用来可操作地连接至调整旋钮18(图1)。
现在参照图2,闭锁套筒200包括大致筒状的壳体202,大致筒状的壳体202具有近端204和远端206并限定了贯穿其中的用来接纳壳体106(图6A)的内筒状部分110(图6A)的内镗孔208。多个翼件210和多个钩212从壳体202的远端206延伸出来。每个翼件210都包括:纵向部分214,其从壳体202向远侧延伸;和支腿216,其从纵向部分214朝向纵向轴线A-A向内延伸。每个支腿216可以从纵向部分214朝向纵向轴线A-A向内偏置。每个钩212包括从壳体202的远端206向远侧延伸的纵向部分218和从纵向部分218延伸出的弓形部分220。弓形部分220相对于纵向部分朝向轴线A-A向内卷曲,使得端部220a在大致近侧方向上定向。例如,可以有从壳体202的远端206延伸出来的四个翼件210和四个钩212。
现在参照图2至图6A,闭锁套筒200还包括通过筒状壳体202的远侧部分224延伸的多个纵向延伸的槽222。每个槽222都被配置为滑动接纳内壳体106的内筒状部分110的翼件110a。内筒状部分110的每个翼件110a和闭锁套筒200的对应的槽222允许闭锁套筒200相对于壳体106在第一、近侧位置和第二、远侧位置之间滑动,在第一、近侧位置,每个支腿216的端部216a和每个钩212的端部220a被布置为抵靠内筒状部分110,在第二、远侧位置,每个支腿216的端部216a和每个钩212的端部220a位于内筒状部分110的远侧。例如,当闭锁套筒200处于第一、近侧位置上时,每个支腿216的每个端部216a可以被布置在从远端110c沿着内筒状部分110向近侧延伸的凹部110b中。
当闭锁套筒200处于第二、远侧位置上时,由于砧座组件140未接近,每个支腿216的端部216a向内偏置成与砧座轴144的锥形部分172相接合,从而在手术吻合装置10发射后抑制砧座组件140相对于钉仓组件102的接近。每个钩212的端部220a接合内筒状部分110的远端110c以抑制闭锁套筒200相对于内筒状部分110的近侧推进。如此,抑制了手术吻合装置10发射后砧座组件140相对于钉仓组件102的接近。闭锁套筒200还包括从筒状壳体202的近端204纵向延伸的多个槽226,其被配置为滑动接纳贯穿其中的壳体106的支撑件112(图6B)。槽226延伸穿过筒状壳体202的近端204以限定用来接纳支撑件112(图6B)的开口226a。驱动构件104包括在驱动构件104的远侧推进过程中用来接合闭锁套筒200近端228的凸缘118以从第一、近侧位置至第二、远侧位置向远侧推动闭锁套筒200。
现在参照图3至图6A,吻合钉钉仓120包括被布置在远端处的至少一个环形阵列的吻合钉接纳槽122和被布置在每个吻合钉接纳槽122中的吻合钉124。例如,吻合钉钉仓120可以包括一个、两个或多于两个环形阵列或排的吻合钉接纳槽122。吻合钉接纳槽122包括延伸穿过吻合钉钉仓120的远端的组织接触表面126的开口122a。吻合钉钉仓120可以被固定地连接至钉仓组件102的远端或可以被配置为同心地装配在钉仓组件102的远端内。
现在参照图6A,吻合钉推动器128限定了大致圆筒形状且具有近侧部分130和远侧部分132。吻合钉推动器128是同轴地且可滑动地被布置在通道114内,外筒状部分108和内筒状部分110之间。吻合钉推动器128的远侧部分132限定了两个同心排中的多个沿周向间隔开的指状件134用来接合吻合钉接纳槽122内的吻合钉124。可以设想的是,可以包括一排、两排或更多排指状件134以对应于吻合钉钉仓120的吻合钉接纳槽122的环形阵列的数量。吻合钉推动器128的每个指状件134被接纳在吻合钉钉仓120的相应的吻合钉接纳槽122的其中一个槽内且被配置为在吻合钉推动器128相对于钉仓组件102的推进过程中平移通过其相应的吻合钉接纳槽122和开口122a,以接合吻合钉124、将相应的吻合钉124驱动和弹射出相应的吻合钉接纳槽122的开口122a,穿过组织,然后抵靠砧座组件140的吻合钉成形穴148,从而使得吻合钉124成形。例如,吻合钉124可以成形为大致B形。
参照图3至图6A,驱动构件104可滑动地接纳在钉仓组件102的通道114内且能够响应于手柄组件12(图1)的扳机16(图1)的致动而在钉仓组件102内轴向地平移。驱动构件104被配置为在轴向平移过程中,即,远侧推进过程中,接合吻合钉推动器128的近侧部分或表面130,以轴向地推进吻合钉推动器128通过钉仓组件102和吻合钉接纳槽122。吻合钉推动器128通过吻合钉接纳槽122的推进迫使吻合钉124通过开口122a离开吻合钉接纳槽122。驱动构件104可以替换地被联接至吻合钉推动器128,例如,通过搭扣配合、摩擦配合或其他类似的联接方法。驱动构件104和吻合钉推动器128可以替换地被整体成形。在实施例中,当驱动构件104被轴向地向后平移(例如,向近侧平移至初始预发射位置)时,吻合钉推动器128保持在发射后的大致推进位置上。
现在参照图3至图6A,钉仓组件102包括刀具组件250,刀具组件250可滑动地被布置在通道114中,在吻合钉钉仓120径向向内,且绕壳体106的内筒状部分110被同轴地布置。刀具组件250能够沿着纵向轴线A-A轴向平移以在致动环形吻合器10的过程中切断在吻合钉钉仓120径向向内布置的一部分组织。刀具组件250包括大致上呈开口杯或筒状体形式的刀片252,刀片远端限定了刀刃254。
如图3至图6A所示,刀具组件250包括刀具推动器256,刀具推动器256具有近端表面258和远端表面259。刀具推动器256通过被布置在刀具推动器256的槽256a内的驱动构件104的翼件104a可操作地被联接至驱动构件104,使得驱动构件104的远侧或近侧推进引起刀具推动器256沿着纵向轴线A-A的远侧或近侧推进。驱动构件104可以通过诸如搭扣配合、摩擦配合或其他类似的联接方法被联接至刀具推动器256。驱动构件104和刀具推动器256可以替换地被整体成形。
刀具推动器256包括从其沿径向延伸并在其上限定了唇状部262的凸缘部分260,凸缘部分被配置为在刀具推动器256的远侧推进过程中与刀片252的近端264接合。刀具推动器256可以通过搭扣配合、摩擦配合或其他类似的联接方法被联接至刀片252。刀片252和刀具推动器256可以可选地被整体成形。
现在将参照图3至图6A和图7描述环形吻合器10的操作。首先参照图3,显示了处于初始状态或预发射状态下的钉仓组件102,在砧座组件140相对于钉仓组件102从隔开位置至处于密切配合对齐的接近位置的接近之后,待吻合组织“TU”和“TL”被布置在砧座组件140和钉仓组件102之间。在初始状态下,驱动构件104、吻合钉推动器128、闭锁套筒200和刀具推动器256都被布置在初始近侧位置,同时闭锁套筒200的支腿216被布置在内筒状部分110的凹部110b中。
在发射之前,通过组织“TU”的上部插进砧座组件140的轴144,吻合钉钉仓120抵靠组织“TL”的下部被定位且轴144通过组织“TL”的下部被插进钉仓组件102的内镗孔116中。然后,通过手柄组件12(图1)的旋钮18(图1)的致动使得砧座组件140从隔开位置朝向钉仓组件102平移至接近位置,以抓紧或夹紧被布置在其间的组织“TU”和组织“TL”的上部和下部。为了清楚起见,如果有必要,将在图中仅示出组织“TU”和“TL”的上部和下部。
现在参照图4A至图4C,在环形吻合器10(图1)的发射过程中,在砧座组件140抵靠吻合钉钉仓120接近之后,扳机16(图1)相对于手柄14(图1)的回缩或致动引起可操作地接合驱动构件104的驱动组件(未显示)的推进,从而引起驱动构件104在箭头“B”所示方向上推进。随着驱动构件104在箭头“B”所示方向上推进,驱动构件104在箭头“B”所示方向上接合并驱动吻合钉推动器128。随着驱动构件104推进,由于驱动构件104的翼件104a与刀具推动器256的槽256a耦合,驱动构件104还在箭头“B”所示的方向上驱动刀具推动器256。可以设想的是,能够使用在以下美国专利申请中公开的驱动组件:序列号为13/348,984,于2012年1月12日提交的;序列号为13/348,958,于2012年1月12日提交的;和序列号为13/365,372,于2012年2月3日提交的,其全部公开内容通过引用合并于此。
随着吻合钉推动器128沿着箭头“B”所示方向推进,吻合钉推动器128的指状件134通过吻合钉接纳槽122推进以通过开口122a将吻合钉124驱动或弹射出吻合钉接纳槽122,穿过被抓紧在砧座组件140和吻合钉钉仓120之间的组织部分“TU”和“TL”,然后抵靠砧座组件140的吻合钉成形穴148,从而使吻合钉124成形。吻合钉124将上组织部分“TU”和下组织部分“TL”固定在一起。
随着刀具推动器256在箭头“B”所示方向上推进,由于凸缘部分260的唇状部262接合刀片252,刀片252也向远侧推进。随着刀片252向远侧推进,刀刃254接合并切断上组织部分“TU”和下组织部分“TL”(图4A至图4C)的在吻合钉钉仓120沿径向向内布置的部分,从而形成吻合环“D”(图5)。吻合环“D”可以绕砧座组件140的闭锁套筒200被同轴地安置。可以设想的是,刀片可以与吻合钉推动器一起被推进,或可以在单独的冲程或致动中被推进。
再参照图4A至图6A,随着驱动构件104在箭头“B”所示方向上推进,驱动构件104的凸缘118接合闭锁套筒200的近端228并朝向第二、远侧位置在箭头“B”所示方向上驱动闭锁套筒200。随着闭锁套筒200在方向“B”上被驱动,闭锁套筒200的翼件210和钩212被驱动向内筒状部分110的远侧以从凹部110b释放闭锁套筒200的支腿216。一旦被释放,闭锁套筒200的支腿216被抵靠砧座轴144定位,例如,抵靠枢轴组件150或弹簧壳体164定位,而闭锁套筒200的钩212搭扣并接合内筒状部分110的远端110c以抑制闭锁套筒200相对于内筒状部分110的近侧推进。通过内筒状部分110的翼件110a接合槽222的近端222a来抑制闭锁套筒200的进一步远侧推进。闭锁套筒200现在被锁定在第二、远侧位置上。
现在参照图4B和图4C,一旦闭锁套筒200被锁定在第二、远侧位置上,驱动构件104被回缩。随着驱动构件104回缩,由于驱动构件104的翼件104a与刀具推动器256的槽256a耦合,刀具推动器256也向近侧回缩至初始位置。吻合钉推动器128至少部分地保持在推进位置上。
现在参照图5和图7,一旦驱动构件104回缩,旋钮18(图1)被致动以使砧座组件140相对于钉仓组件102不接近。随着砧座组件140相对于钉仓组件102不接近,砧座轴144相对于闭锁套筒200的支腿216向远侧滑动,使得支腿216的端部216a沿着弹簧壳体164的外表面168滑动并由于向内的偏置而向内移动以接合弹簧壳体164的近侧的凸缘170的锥形部分172。一旦支腿216与弹簧壳体164的锥形部分172接合,通过闭锁套筒200抑制了砧座组件的近侧移动以及砧座组件140相对于钉仓组件102的接近。以这种方式,砧座组件140在手术吻合装置10发射后被闭锁以抑制环形吻合器10的进一步发射。
在另一个实施例中,现在参照图8和图9,公开了一种闭锁套筒300,其类似于闭锁套筒200(图2)。为了简单起见,仅将讨论闭锁套筒300和闭锁套筒200(图2)之间的差异。闭锁套筒300包括从筒状壳体302的远端306延伸出的多个翼件310。每个翼件310包括从筒状壳体302的远端306向远侧延伸的纵向部分314、大致正交于纵向部分314和纵向轴线A-A的从纵向部分314延伸出的第二部分315以及以朝向于纵向轴线A-A的角度从第二部分315向远侧延伸的支腿316。如同上述支腿216(图2)一样,支腿316从纵向部分314和第二部分315朝向纵向轴线A-A向内偏置。当支腿316通过与钉仓组件102(图3至图6A)的内筒状部分110(图3至图6A)或砧座组件140(图3至图6A)的轴144(图3至图6A)相接合而被向外按压时,与闭锁套筒200(图2)的支腿216(图2)上的向内偏置力相比,第二部分315在支腿316上提供额外的向内偏置力。或者,闭锁套筒300采用与闭锁套筒200(图2)有关的上述方式起作用。
可以设想的是,在不脱离本公开的范围的情况下,可以结合上述实施例的各个特征。另外,以上实施例中的任意一个实施例可以替换地包括如上所述的动力致动系统。
虽然已经参照附图于此描述了本公开的示例性实施例,但是上述说明书、公开和附图不应该视为限制性的,而仅仅是作为一些特定实施例的示例。因此,应当理解地是,本公开并不限于本文所描述的具体的实施例,在不脱离本公开的范围或精神的情况下,通过本领域的技术人员可以实现其他各种改变和修改例。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于连结组织部分的手术吻合装置,包括:
手柄组件;
细长主体,其从所述手柄组件延伸出;
钉仓组件,其被支撑在所述细长主体的远端上,所述钉仓组件包括吻合钉钉仓,所述吻合钉钉仓包含环形阵列的多个手术吻合钉;
砧座组件,其在所述手术吻合装置的远端处,所述砧座组件能够相对于所述钉仓组件在隔开位置和接近位置之间平移,在所述隔开位置,所述砧座组件与所述钉仓组件隔开,在所述接近位置,所述砧座组件与所述钉仓组件密切配合对准以夹紧被布置在它们之间的组织;以及
闭锁套筒,其可滑动地支撑在所述钉仓组件上且能够相对于所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件在第一位置和第二位置之间平移,当所述闭锁套筒处于所述第二位置时,所述闭锁套筒被配置为接合所述砧座组件和所述钉仓组件以抑制所述砧座组件相对于所述钉仓组件从所述隔开位置平移至所述接近位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的手术吻合装置,其中,所述闭锁套筒包括从其延伸出的至少一个翼件,并且当所述闭锁套筒处于所述第二位置时,所述翼件被配置为接合所述砧座组件以抑制所述砧座组件相对于所述闭锁套筒的近侧平移。
3.根据权利要求2所述的手术吻合装置,其中,所述至少一个翼件包括与所述闭锁套筒大致上纵向对准的第一部分和从所述第一部分延伸出的向内偏置的支腿,所述支腿被配置为接合所述砧座组件的凸缘以抑制所述砧座组件相对于所述闭锁套筒的近侧平移。
4.根据权利要求2所述的手术吻合装置,其中,所述至少一个翼件包括与所述闭锁套筒大致上纵向对准的第一部分、与所述第一部分大致上正交的、从所述第一部分延伸出的第二部分以及从所述第二部分延伸出的支腿,所述支腿相对于所述第一部分和所述第二部分向内偏置。
5.根据权利要求2所述的手术吻合装置,其中,所述至少一个翼件从所述闭锁套筒的远端延伸出。
6.根据权利要求2所述的手术吻合装置,其中,所述钉仓组件包括其上具有至少一个凹部的内筒状部分,当所述闭锁套筒处于所述第一位置时,所述闭锁套筒的所述至少一个翼件被布置为抵靠所述至少一个凹部。
7.根据权利要求1所述的手术吻合装置,其中,所述闭锁套筒包括从其延伸出的至少一个钩,并且当所述闭锁套筒处于所述第二位置时,所述钩被配置为接合所述钉仓组件以抑制所述闭锁套筒相对于所述钉仓组件的近侧平移。
8.根据权利要求7所述的手术吻合装置,其中,当所述闭锁套筒处于所述第一位置时,所述至少一个钩被布置为与所述钉仓组件的内筒状部分的侧壁相邻,而当所述闭锁套筒处于所述第二位置时,所述至少一个钩被配置为搭扣且接合所述内筒状部分的端部。
9.根据权利要求8所述的手术吻合装置,其中,所述至少一个钩包括从所述闭锁套筒延伸出并且大致上与所述闭锁套筒对准的第一部分和从所述第一部分延伸出的弓形部分,当所述闭锁套筒处于所述第二位置时,所述弓形部分被配置为搭扣且接合所述钉仓组件的所述内筒状部分的所述端部。
10.根据权利要求7所述的手术吻合装置,其中,所述至少一个钩从所述闭锁套筒的远端延伸出。
11.根据权利要求1所述的手术吻合装置,其中,所述闭锁套筒包括纵向延伸的槽,所述槽被配置用来将所述钉仓组件的翼件滑动地接纳于其中,当所述闭锁套筒处于所述第二位置时,所述钉仓组件的所述翼件被配置为接合所述槽的近端以抑制所述闭锁套筒相对于所述钉仓组件远侧平移超过所述第二位置。
12.根据权利要求1所述的手术吻合装置,其中,所述钉仓组件包括可操作地被联接至所述手柄组件的驱动构件,在所述手柄组件致动时,所述驱动构件被配置为接合所述闭锁套筒以使所述闭锁套筒从所述第一位置平移至所述第二位置。
13.根据权利要求1所述的手术吻合装置,其中,所述钉仓组件包括可操作地被联接至所述手柄组件的刀具推动器,并且在所述手柄组件致动时所述刀具推动器被配置为向远侧推进刀片以切断被布置在所述吻合钉钉仓的径向向内的组织。
14.根据权利要求1所述的手术吻合装置,其中,所述钉仓组件进一步包括与所述手柄组件可操作地相关联的吻合钉推动器,并且在所述手柄组件致动时所述吻合钉推动器被配置为将所述吻合钉驱动出所述钉仓组件。
15.一种用于连结组织部分的手术吻合装置,包括:
手柄组件;
细长主体,其从所述手柄组件延伸出;
钉仓组件,其被支撑在所述细长主体的远端上,所述钉仓组件包括:
吻合钉钉仓,其包含环形阵列的多个手术吻合钉;
吻合钉推动器,其被配置为推进通过所述吻合钉钉仓以从所述吻合钉钉仓中射出所述多个手术吻合钉;
刀具组件,其被配置为推进通过所述钉仓组件以切断组织;
驱动构件,其被布置在所述钉仓组件内且与所述手柄组件可操作地关联,在所述手柄组件致动时所述驱动构件被配置为推进所述吻合钉推动器和所述刀具组件;
砧座组件,其在所述手术吻合装置的远端处,所述砧座组件能够相对于所述钉仓组件在隔开位置和接近位置之间平移,在所述隔开位置,所述砧座组件与所述钉仓组件隔开,在所述接近位置,所述砧座组件与所述钉仓组件密切配合对准以夹紧被布置在它们之间的组织;以及
闭锁套筒,其可滑动地支撑在所述钉仓组件上且能够相对于所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件在第一位置和第二位置之间平移,当所述闭锁套筒处于所述第二位置时,所述闭锁套筒被配置为接合所述砧座组件和所述钉仓组件以抑制所述砧座组件相对于所述钉仓组件从所述隔开位置平移至所述接近位置。
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