CN104224264B - 具有滑动套管的砧座组件 - Google Patents

具有滑动套管的砧座组件 Download PDF

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CN104224264B
CN104224264B CN201410265718.3A CN201410265718A CN104224264B CN 104224264 B CN104224264 B CN 104224264B CN 201410265718 A CN201410265718 A CN 201410265718A CN 104224264 B CN104224264 B CN 104224264B
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贾斯汀·威廉斯
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Abstract

提供了具有滑动套管的砧座组件。所述砧座组件包括：砧座中心杆组件；头部组件，其可枢转地固定至砧座中心杆组件；以及套管构件，其绕砧座中心杆组件可滑动地布置。所述套管构件被构造为随着头部组件相对于砧座中心杆组件枢转而相对于砧座中心杆组件滑动。本发明还提供了一种手术吻合器。

Description

具有滑动套管的砧座组件
技术领域
本公开一般地涉及适合于与圆形吻合术用吻合器一起使用的砧座组件。更具体地，本公开涉及具有带滑动套管的可倾斜头部的砧座组件。
背景技术
在本领域，包括具有可倾斜的砧座头部的砧座组件的圆形吻合术用吻合器是众所周知的。在专利号为8,109,426的共同所有的美国专利(“‘426专利”)中公开了这样一种圆形吻合术用吻合器，其全部内容通过引用合并于此。所述砧座组件包括可枢转地固定到砧座组件的连接柱的远端上的砧座头部。所述砧座组件从利于砧座组件经口插入的第一倾斜位置可枢转至非倾斜的操作位置，其中砧座头部垂直于连接柱。在圆形吻合器的发射操作之后，且当砧座头部与圆形吻合器的钉仓组件分离时，砧座头部继续绕连接柱的远端枢转至第二倾斜位置，从而减小砧座头部的轮廓以允许通过新产生的吻合环(anastomosisring)移除砧座组件。砧座组件装载有弹簧以倾斜至圆形吻合器和/或砧座头部的几何形状所允许的最大角度。倾斜砧座头部至其最大角度有利于拉动砧座头部通过吻合环且有利于从患者体内移除砧座组件。
在某些实例中，吻合圈(anastomosis donut)，即，在吻合术过程中由吻合组件的环形刀具所切断的组织，可以在砧座头部枢转时变成受砧座头部挤压。当发生挤压吻合圈时，防止砧座头部倾斜至其最大角度。因此，砧座头部可能需要更大的力来通过吻合环缩回砧座头部，从而造成为吻合环等不希望的且不必要的创伤。
因此，具有通过可倾斜的砧座头部来防止挤压组织或其他障碍物的砧座组件，且从而允许砧座头部完全倾斜将是有益的。
发明内容
因此，提供了具有滑动套管的砧座组件。所述砧座组件包括：砧座中心杆组件；头部组件，其可枢转地固定至砧座中心杆组件；以及套管构件，其绕砧座中心杆组件可滑动地布置。所述套管构件被构造为：随着头部组件相对于砧座中心杆组件枢转，套管构件相对于砧座中心杆组件滑动。
在一个实施例中，所述套管构件包括绕砧座中心杆组件布置的套管主体。套管主体可以包括用于接合头部组件的多个齿。头部组件可以包括壳体和从所述壳体向近侧延伸的柱。所述柱可以包括被构造为随着头部组件相对于砧座中心杆组件枢转而接合形成在套管主体上的所述多个齿的多个齿。
在一些实施例中，头部组件被构造为在第一倾斜位置、非倾斜的操作位置，以及第二倾斜位置之间枢转。砧座组件从非倾斜位置枢转至第二倾斜位置可以引起套管主体相对于砧座中心杆组件向近侧移动。砧座组件从非倾斜位置枢转至第一倾斜位置可以引起套管主体相对于砧座中心杆组件向远侧移动。例如，当头部组件处于第一倾斜位置时，头部组件可以相对于砧座中心杆组件倾斜70度(70°)。当头部组件处于非倾斜的操作位置时，头部组件可以垂直于砧座中心杆。当头部组件处于第二倾斜位置时，头部组件可以相对于砧座中心杆组件倾斜70度(70°)。在一个实施例中，当头部组件从第一倾斜位置、通过非倾斜位置、倾斜至第二倾斜位置时，头部组件移动通过140度(140°)。
另外地，还提供了具有带套管构件的砧座组件的手术吻合器。所述手术吻合器包括：手柄组件；细长主体部，其从手柄组件向远侧延伸；外壳组件，其固定至细长主体部的远端；以及砧座组件，其相对于外壳组件被选择性地固定。砧座组件包括：砧座中心杆组件；头部组件，其可枢转地固定至砧座中心杆组件；以及套管构件，其绕砧座中心杆组件可滑动地布置。随着头部组件相对于砧座中心杆组件枢转，套管构件能够相对于砧座中心杆组件滑动。
在实施例中，在手术吻合器的发射过程中，套管构件布置在外壳组件和头部组件之间以接纳吻合圈。所述套管构件可以被构造为：在手术吻合器发射之后，随着头部组件移动离开外壳组件，所述套管构件向近侧移动。
附图说明
在本文中参照附图公开了本公开的倾斜砧座组件的各种实施例，在附图中：
图1是根据本公开的实施例的包括砧座组件的手术吻合装置的侧面立体图；
图2是图1中所示的砧座组件处于第二位置或可操作位置的侧面立体图；
图3是图2中所示的砧座组件的分解立体图；
图4是图2和图3中所示的砧座组件的砧座头部组件的壳体的仰视立体图；
图5是图2和图3中所示的砧座组件的凸轮闩锁构件的侧视图；
图6是图2和图3中所示的砧座组件的套管组件的套管主体的侧视图；
图6A是沿着图6中所示的线6A-6A截取的剖视图；
图6B是沿着图6中所示的线6B-6B截取的剖视图；
图6C是沿着图6中所示的线6C-6C截取的剖视图；
图6D是沿着图6中所示的线6D-6D截取的剖视图；
图7是图2和图3中所示的砧座组件的俯视图，其中，所述砧座组件处于第一位置并且包括一对通过头部组件所接纳的缝合线；
图8是沿着图7中所示的线8-8截取的放大剖视图；
图9是沿着图7中所示的线9-9截取的剖视图；
图10是图2和图3中所示的砧座组件的端视图，其中所述砧座组件处于可操作位置；
图11是沿着图10中所示的线11-11截取的放大剖视图，其中移除了套管组件；
图12是沿着图10中所示的线12-12截取的放大剖视图，其中移除了套管组件；
图13是图2和图3中所示的砧座组件在图1中所示的手术吻合装置发射后的剖视图；
图14是图13中所示的砧座组件的可替换的剖视图；
图15是图2和图3中所示的砧座组件的剖视图，其中所述砧座组件处于第二、倾斜位置；以及
图16是图15中所示的砧座组件的可替换的剖视图。
具体实施方式
现将参照附图详细描述本公开的砧座组件的实施例，其中在多幅附图的每幅附图中相同附图标记指代相同的或对应的元件。如本领域所常见的，术语“近侧”是指较接近用户或操作者(即，外科医生或临床医师)的部分或部件，而术语“远侧”是较远离用户的部分或部件。
图1至图16示出了与适合于进行例如中空组织器官和痔疮外科手术的圆形吻合术的手术吻合装置10(图1)一起使用的砧座组件110。尽管所示涉及与手术吻合装置10一起使用的砧座组件110，但应当预想到，可以改进本公开的实施例，与任何具有能够从第一倾斜位置通过非倾斜可操作位置枢转至第二倾斜位置的砧座头部的砧座组件一起使用。应当进一步预想到，还可以改进本公开的实施例，与在其中砧座头部不能够枢转至第一倾斜位置而是在非倾斜可操作位置下提供给临床医师的砧座组件一起使用。
图1示出了被构造与根据本公开的倾斜砧座组件一起使用的手术吻合装置的实施例。简要地，手术吻合装置10包括近侧手柄组件12；细长的中央主体部14，其包括弯曲的、细长的外管14a；以及远侧头部16。可替换地，在一些外科手术操作(例如，痔疮的治疗)中，所希望的是具有大体上直的、被缩短的中央主体部。还可以改变主体部14和远侧头部16的长度、形状和/或直径来适合特殊的外科手术操作。
依旧参照图1，手柄组件12包括固定手柄18、发射扳机20、可旋转的接近旋钮22、以及指示器24。可枢转安装的扳机锁26被紧固至手柄组件12并且被手动定位以防止吻合装置10无意中发射。指示器24被定位在固定手柄18上并且包括使外科医生识别装置是否接近以及是否准备好被发射的标记，例如，色码、字母数字标签等。头部16包括砧座组件110以及外壳组件31。专利号为7,364,060和7,303,106的共同所有的美国专利(“‘060专利”和“‘106专利”)中，公开了对手术吻合器10更详细的讨论，上述专利的全部内容通过引用合并于此。
在本文公开的任何一个实施例中，吻合设备10可以包括图1和如上所述的手动致动的手柄组件，或可以包括具有驱动构件的动力致动器组件。例如，于2010年11月15日提交的编号为12/946,082的美国专利申请公开了具有动力致动器组件的手术装置，其全部公开通过引用合并于此。这样的致动器组件可通过机动化手柄来产生动力。所述手柄可以包括电源，例如，一个或多个电池，或可以被构造为附接至诸如变压器、发电机、或电插座等电源。还应当预期到，在本文公开的任何一个实施例中，所述设备具有可替换的头部或可替换的包括钉仓组件、砧座构件以及关联机构的装载单元。在那些实施例中，器械的整个远端是可拆卸的且可替换的。还应当预期到，在本文公开的任何一个实施例中，所述器械可以是一次性的、可重新消毒且可重新使用的、或器械的某些部分可以重新消毒且可重新使用(例如，可重新形成)。
现参照图2至图9，本公开的砧座组件的实施例一般显示为附图标记110。先参照图2至图5，显示砧座组件110处于非倾斜位置或操作位置，其中，吻合钉变形穴130面向手术吻合器10(图1)的吻合钉狭槽(未显示)。砧座组件110包括头部组件112、中心杆组件114、以及套管构件115。头部组件112包括柱116、壳体118、支持构件或支持板120(图3)、环刀(cutting ring)122(图3)、环刀盖123(图3)、砧座板124、垫片或垫圈125(图3)、凸轮闩锁构件126(图5)、以及保持器构件127(图3)。
参照图4，柱116与壳体118整体式形成且柱116居中地定位于壳体118内。可替换地，壳体118和柱116可以分别形成，再利用已知的紧固技术(例如，焊接)紧固到一起。多个齿116a形成在柱116的近端上。正如以下将更详细地描述那样，齿116a被构造为在头部组件112的操作过程中选择性地接合套管构件115。正如以下还将更详细地描述那样，柱116的面向外的表面116b被构造为在砧座头部组件112从非倾斜的操作位置(图14)移动至第二倾斜位置(图16)的过程中接合套管构件115。
现特别参照图7，壳体118包括被定径和定尺寸以接纳一条或多条缝合线“S”的开口119a、119b。在使用过程中，第一缝合线“S1”通过开口119a插入且用于在患者体内插入砧座组件110的过程中保持头部组件112处在第一倾斜位置(如图8和图9所示)。更具体地，第一缝合线“S1”起张紧构件的作用以保持头部组件处在第一倾斜位置。第二缝合线“S2”通过开口119b插入且被构造为允许倾斜砧座组件110在需要时从患者体内取回。在经口插入砧座组件110的过程中，第二缝合线“S2”从患者嘴部延伸出，从而允许砧座组件110经口取回。如图所示，第二缝合线“S2”沿与缝合线“S1”的方向相反的方向延伸。
再次参照图2和图3，砧座板124被支撑在壳体118的外环形凹槽128内并且包括多个用于接纳吻合钉并使吻合钉变形的吻合钉变形穴130。至少一个键形片(tab)124a从砧座板124径向地向外延伸并且被接纳在形成于壳体118的外缘内的切口132(图2)内。键形片124a和切口132的作用是将砧座板124对齐并正确地定位在在壳体118的环形凹槽128内。
特别参照图2至图4和图8，将详细地描述头部组件112。支持板120包括绕柱116定位在在柱116和外环形凹槽128之间的壳体118的内环形凹槽136内的中央开口134。支持板120包括凸起平台120a。环刀122包括具有与平台120a基本相同的构造的开口122a。使用例如胶粘剂将环刀盖123固定至环刀122的面向外的表面或近侧表面。可替换地，环刀122不需要有盖。绕柱116可滑动地安装环刀122和支持板120。支持板120包括一对向内延伸的指状件138，这将在下文中更详细地描述。
依旧参照图2至图4和图8，保持器构件127被定位在支持板120与壳体118的背壁118a之间的内环形凹槽136内。在一个实施例中，并且图示所示，保持器构件127是环形的且包括多个接合支持板120的后表面的可变形的键形片127a。保持器构件127防止支持板120和环刀122在已经施加给支持板/环刀组件足以使键形片127a变形的预定力之前移动进入或被推进壳体118的内环形凹槽136中。所述预定力可以接近，但是小于，当手术吻合装置的环形刀片接合，例如，砧座组件110的环刀时，由手术吻合装置的环形刀片所施加的力。当达到预定力时，例如，在切割组织的过程中，支持板120被推进内环形凹槽136中并压缩保持器构件127。应当预想到，其他可压扁的、可变形的、可折叠的或限制移动的构件可以用于在预定力已经施加至支持板/环刀组件之前保持支持板/环刀组件处在固定位置。
如图2、图3、和图8所示，砧座中心杆组件114包括中心杆152、柱塞154、以及柱塞弹簧156。中心杆152的第一端包括限定了空腔159a的一对臂159。每一个臂159均具有与中心杆152的中央纵向轴线对齐的横向通孔158。砧座头部组件112的柱116被定尺寸为定位在空腔159a内并且还包括横向通孔(未显示)。枢轴构件162经由通孔可枢转地将柱116固定至中心杆152使得砧座头部组件112可以枢转地安装到砧座中心杆组件114上。
暂时转向图5，凸轮闩锁构件126包括具有通孔126b的主体126a。通孔126b被定尺寸为接纳枢轴构件162(图3)使得凸轮闩锁构件126绕枢轴构件162枢转地安装在柱116的横向狭槽172内(图2)。
现参照图3、图5、以及图8，凸轮闩锁构件126包括从柱116的狭槽172(图2)部分地延伸出并且被定位为由柱塞154的指状件166接合的第一主体部126c。第一主体部126c被构造使得第一主体部126c的表面与通孔126b之间的距离沿着绕凸轮闩锁构件126的顺时针方向增大。如此，当凸轮闩锁构件126沿顺时针方向旋转时，柱塞154能够向前移动。另外地，第一主体部126c的这种构造允许柱塞154随着凸轮闩锁构件126沿逆时针方向旋转而缩回。凸轮闩锁构件126还包括边缘126f，边缘126f包括凸片(tab)126g。当砧座头部112处于非倾斜的操作位置时(图11)，边缘126f的前沿部被构造为通过柱塞154的接合指状件166被推进而与支持板120的内周边120b接合。凸片126g被构造为接合壳体118的背壁118a以防止凸轮闩锁构件126相对于壳体118逆时针旋转。凸片126g防止一旦压下环刀支持板120时凸轮过度旋转。凸片126g与孔120b接触以防止过度旋转。
参照图3和图8，柱塞154可滑动地定位在形成于中心杆152的第一端中的孔164内。柱塞154包括从砧座头部组件112的枢转轴线偏移一径向距离且被偏置成接合凸轮闩锁126的边缘126c的接合指状件166。指状件166与凸轮闩锁126的边缘126c的接合使边缘126f的前沿部挤压抵靠背板120的内周边，以推动砧座头部组件112至中心杆152上的非倾斜的操作位置。
参照图2和图9，中心杆152的第二端包括由多个挠性臂182所限定的孔180。挠性臂182中的每个挠性臂均包括开口182a，其被定尺寸为接纳形成在外壳组件31上的或连接至外壳组件31的凸出部(图1)。挠性臂182中的每一个挠性臂的近端均包括内台肩184，其被定尺寸为可释放地接合手术吻合装置10的外壳组件31以将砧座组件110固定至手术吻合装置。多个花键186绕中心杆152形成。花键186的作用是将砧座组件110与手术吻合装置的吻合钉保持部对齐。
现参照图2、图3、以及图6至图6D，套管构件115包括套管主体190。套管主体190形成了具有上壁190a、下壁190b、以及一对侧壁190c的大致管状构件。套管主体190限定了被构造为绕中心杆152的远端而被滑动接纳的通孔191。上壁190a在套管主体190的远端内限定了槽口191a以及狭槽191b。如图2所见，槽口191a被构造为允许绕头部组件112的柱116来接纳套管主体190。还如图2所见，狭槽191b被构造为当套管构件115处于最远侧位置时容纳柱塞154的指状件166。套管主体190包括形成在下壁190b的远端上且延伸进入通孔191的多个齿194。如以下将进一步详细地描述那样，套管主体190的齿194被构造为接合形成在头部组件112的柱116上的齿116a以引起套管主体190从第一、最远侧位置(图9)，通过第二、可操作位置(图14)，滑行移动至第三、最近侧位置(图16)。套管主体190可以可选地包括在第一端或第二端的任何一个的外表面上的或者两个的外表面上的环形凸缘(未显示)以利于当套管主体190在手术操作中移动时保持吻合圈(未显示)环绕套管主体190。
参照图8，砧座头部组件112可以通过第一缝合线“S1”相对于砧座中心杆组件114倾斜“α”度至第一倾斜位置。砧座头部组件112通过第一缝合线“S1”相对于砧座中心杆组件114倾斜引起被定位在支持板120的内周边内的凸轮闩锁构件126旋转，从而引起凸轮闩锁构件126的主体部126c接合柱塞154的指状件166。随着凸轮闩锁组件126由于砧座头部组件112的倾斜而逆时针方向旋转(如图8所示)，柱塞154缩回在砧座中心杆组件114的孔164内，从而压缩弹簧156。如此，柱塞154的指状件166向远侧偏置而抵靠凸轮闩锁构件126的主体部126c。正如参照图9和图14可以理解到，随着砧座头部组件112从非倾斜的可操作位置(图14)枢转至第一倾斜位置(图9)，形成在壳体118的柱116上的齿116a接合形成在套管构件115的套管主体190上的齿194，从而引起套管主体190沿与图9中箭头“A”所示的方向的相反方向向远侧推进。
再次参照图8，切断缝合线“S1”允许柱塞154从孔164内延伸出，从而引起指状件166接合凸轮闩锁构件126的主体部126c。凸轮闩锁构件126的旋转(沿图8的方向观察为顺时针方向)引起与支持板120的内周边接合的闩锁构件126的边缘126f推动砧座头部组件112返回至非倾斜的可操作位置(例如，图11的位置)。另外地，吻合装置10的远端(图1)可以被构造用于当砧座组件110附接至手术吻合装置10时接合柱塞154的指状件166。如此，手术吻合装置10的远端向远侧推动柱塞154，从而保证凸轮闩锁126和砧座头部组件112旋转至非倾斜的可操作位置。暂时参照图9和图14，当头部组件112被推动至非倾斜位置(图14)时，形成在头部组件112的柱116上的齿116a与形成在套管构件115的套管主体190上的齿194啮合以引起沿箭头“A”所示的方向向近侧推进套管主体190(图9)。如此，定位套管构件115以绕套管主体190接纳吻合圈(未显示)。
暂时参照图12，在头部组件112的预发射可操作位置上，即，当头部组件112已经被枢转至非倾斜的可操作位置时且在手术吻合器装置10发射之前，形成在支持板120上的指状件138接合与中心杆152的顶面152a邻近的凸出部152b以防止头部组件112绕枢轴构件162枢转。
再次参照图1，砧座组件110可操作地接纳在从形成于手术吻合装置10的远端上的外壳组件31延伸出的砧座保持器32上。一旦砧座组件110被接纳在手术吻合装置10上，手术吻合装置10以在’060专利中所讨论的方式工作，其全部内容先前已合并于此。值得注意的是，可替换地，在手术吻合装置10的远侧头部16接纳砧座组件110之后，可以切断第一缝合线“S1”(图7)。在附接之后，旋转旋钮22旋转以接近砧座组件110和远侧头部16从而夹紧其间的组织，然后，如‘060专利所公开的那样，致动发射扳机20以发射吻合钉(未显示)。如图2所见，当砧座头部组件112处于非倾斜的可操作位置时，套管构件115的套管主体190被布置邻近于砧座头部组件112且在砧座头部组件112和外壳组件31之间(图1)以接纳在吻合术操作中所产生的吻合圈。
现将参照图10至图16描述砧座组件110的操作。当砧座组件110处于其预发射的、非倾斜的可操作位置(例如，图11和图12)时，支持板120与壳体118的背壁118a通过保持器127隔开，并且中心杆152的凸出部152b接合支持板120的指状件138以防止砧座头部组件112绕枢轴构件162倾斜。柱塞154的指状件166由弹簧156推进而接合凸轮闩锁构件126的主体部126c从而沿顺时针方向(如图11所示)绕枢轴构件162的推动凸轮闩锁构件126，使得凸轮闩锁构件126的边缘126f接合支持构件120的内周边120b。
手术吻合装置10(图1)发射引起刀片(未显示)接合环刀122以将环刀122和支持板120移入砧座头部组件112的壳体118的环形凹槽136中。图13中的箭头“W”指示作为手术吻合装置10的发射结果，环刀122和支持板120将如何移动。当这种移动发生时，保持器127的可变形的键形片127a变形而抵靠壳体118的背壁118a，并且，支持构件120的指状件138移动离开中心杆152的凸出部152b。此外，支持板120的内周边120b移过凸轮闩锁构件126的边缘126f，使得凸轮闩锁构件126由柱塞154(向远侧弹簧偏置)推动以沿箭头“B”所示方向(图15)绕枢轴构件162枢转至凸轮闩锁126的主体部126e定位在支持板120前面并接合支持板120的位置。柱塞154与凸轮闩锁构件126的接合推动凸轮构件126进一步地顺时针旋转，这是由于其构造原因而使得弹簧偏置的柱塞154向远侧进一步移动，因此柱塞154的有角度的表面167接触砧座头部组件112的柱116的近侧表面以移动砧座头部组件118至第三、倾斜位置(图16)。值得注意的是，当手术吻合装置10发射时，砧座头部组件112不会立刻倾斜至第二倾斜位置(图1)，因为当发射时，砧座头部组件112处于接近位置，即，砧座头部组件112与吻合装置10的外壳组件31紧密对齐，从而，因此，不能为头部组件112的枢转提供空间。同样地，砧座头部组件112将仅在手术吻合装置10的砧座组件110和外壳组件31未接近时并且在吻合装置10的砧座组件110和远侧头部16之间有足够空隙时才开始倾斜。
随着砧座头部组件112向第二倾斜位置枢转，柱塞154的指状件166保持凸轮闩锁构件126的表面126e与支持板120相接触以防止支持板120在刀片缩回时贴到刀片上。值得注意的是，凸轮闩锁构件的弯曲表面126e被构造为消除任何空隙并且保证凸轮闩锁构件126的表面126e与支持板120相接触从而在刀片缩回中以及刀片缩回之后保持支持板120在原位，使得环刀和支持板组件在砧座组件112继续倾斜的过程中停留在其正确的位置上。
特别参照图16，随着砧座头部组件112向第二倾斜位置枢转，形成在砧座头部组件112的柱116上的齿116a继续接合形成在套管构件115的套管主体190上的齿194，从而引起套管主体190继续向近侧推进。随着砧座头部组件112继续枢转，形成在柱116上的齿116a脱离形成在套管主体190上的齿194。由于齿116a与齿194脱离，柱116的面向外的表面116b接合套管主体190的下壁190b的远端，从而随着砧座头部组件112枢转而进一步向远侧推进套管主体190。如上所讨论，套管构件115被构造使得吻合圈(未显示)在手术吻合装置10发射过程中围绕套管主体190形成。如此，当套管主体190由砧座头部组件112的移动而向近侧推进时，吻合圈也向近侧推进。同样地，吻合圈移动离开砧座头部组件112，从而防止吻合圈被砧座头部组件112挤压并且允许砧座头部组件112相对于中心杆组件114的全范围的移动。
砧座组件110被构造使得砧座头部组件12相对于中心杆组件114向第二倾斜位置倾斜“β”度(图16)。正如可以理解到，为了施加吻合钉，砧座头部组件112因此沿第一方向从第一、倾斜位置枢转至非倾斜的可操作位置。在器械发射之后，砧座头部沿相同的顺时针方向枢转至第二倾斜位置。在一个实施例中，砧座头部组件112倾斜小于90度，并且，优选地，倾斜大约70度(70°)至其第二倾斜位置，使得砧座从缩回的或第一倾斜位置至向前的或第二倾斜位置的全部枢转移动大约为140度(140°)。然而应该值得注意的是，还可以考虑到，砧座头部组件112倾斜其他角度至第一和/或第二倾斜位置。
将要理解的是，可以对本公开的实施例做出各种修改。例如，可以改进本公开的套管组件用于具有能够倾斜120度(120°)，即，能够在发射前沿逆时针方向枢转以利于砧座组件定位在管腔内的头部组件的砧座组件。本领域技术人员可以在所附的权利要求的范围和精神内设想其他修改例。

Claims (13)

1.一种砧座组件，包括:
砧座中心杆组件；
头部组件，其可枢转地固定至所述砧座中心杆组件；以及
套管构件，其绕所述砧座中心杆组件可滑动地布置并且被构造为随着所述头部组件相对于所述砧座中心杆组件枢转而相对于所述砧座中心杆组件远近滑动，
其中所述头部组件的枢转引起所述套管构件滑动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的砧座组件，其中，所述套管构件包括绕所述砧座中心杆组件布置的套管主体，所述套管主体包括用于接合所述头部组件的多个齿。
3.根据权利要求2所述的砧座组件，其中，所述头部组件包括壳体以及从所述壳体向近侧延伸的柱，所述柱包括被构造为随着所述头部组件相对于所述砧座中心杆组件枢转而接合形成在所述套管主体上的所述多个齿的多个齿。
4.根据权利要求3所述的砧座组件，其中，所述头部组件被构造为在第一倾斜位置、非倾斜的操作位置、以及第二倾斜位置之间枢转。
5.根据权利要求4所述的砧座组件，其中，所述砧座组件从非倾斜的操作位置枢转至所述第二倾斜位置引起所述套管主体相对于所述砧座中心杆组件向近侧移动。
6.根据权利要求4所述的砧座组件，其中，所述砧座组件从非倾斜的操作位置枢转至所述第一倾斜位置引起所述套管主体相对于砧座中心杆组件向远侧移动。
7.根据权利要求3所述的砧座组件，其中，当所述头部组件处于第一倾斜位置时，所述头部组件相对于所述砧座中心杆组件倾斜70度（70º）。
8.根据权利要求3所述的砧座组件，其中，当所述头部组件处于非倾斜的操作位置时，所述头部组件垂直于所述砧座中心杆组件。
9.根据权利要求3所述的砧座组件，其中，当所述头部组件处于第二倾斜位置时，所述头部组件相对于砧座中心杆组件倾斜70度（70º）。
10.根据权利要求3所述的砧座组件，其中，当所述头部组件从第一倾斜位置、通过非倾斜的操作位置、倾斜至第二倾斜位置时，所述头部组件移动通过140度（140º）。
11.一种手术吻合器，包括：
手柄组件；
细长主体部，其从所述手柄组件向远侧延伸；
外壳组件，其固定至所述细长主体部的远端；以及
砧座组件，其相对于所述外壳组件被选择性地固定，所述砧座组件包括：砧座中心杆组件；头部组件，其可枢转地固定至所述砧座中心杆组件；以及套管构件，其绕所述砧座中心杆组件可滑动地布置，随着所述头部组件相对于所述砧座中心杆组件枢转，所述套管构件能够相对于所述砧座中心杆组件远近滑动，
其中所述头部组件的枢转引起所述套管构件滑动。
12.根据权利要求11所述的手术吻合器，其中，在所述手术吻合器发射过程中，所述套管构件布置在所述外壳组件和所述头部组件之间以接纳吻合圈。
13.根据权利要求11所述的手术吻合器，其中，所述套管构件被构造为：在所述手术吻合器发射之后，随着所述头部组件移动离开所述外壳组件，所述套管构件向近侧移动。
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