CN103505256B - 滑动砧座/缩回钉仓重新装载 - Google Patents

滑动砧座/缩回钉仓重新装载 Download PDF

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CN103505256B
CN103505256B CN201310236873.8A CN201310236873A CN103505256B CN 103505256 B CN103505256 B CN 103505256B CN 201310236873 A CN201310236873 A CN 201310236873A CN 103505256 B CN103505256 B CN 103505256B
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nail bin
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anvil assembly
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格雷格·克雷赫尔
拉米罗·卡夫雷拉
丹耶尔·雷斯内特
肯尼斯·惠特菲尔德
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Covidien China Medical Devices Technology Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B17/07207Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/28Surgical forceps
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1442Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps
    • A61B18/1445Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps at the distal end of a shaft, e.g. forceps or scissors at the end of a rigid rod
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B17/00234Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/00353Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery one mechanical instrument performing multiple functions, e.g. cutting and grasping
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B2017/00367Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like
    • A61B2017/00407Ratchet means
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    • A61B2017/0046Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with a releasable handle; with handle and operating part separable
    • A61B2017/00464Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with a releasable handle; with handle and operating part separable for use with different instruments
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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    • A61B2017/00535Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets pneumatically or hydraulically operated
    • A61B2017/00544Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets pneumatically or hydraulically operated pneumatically
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B2017/00535Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets pneumatically or hydraulically operated
    • A61B2017/00557Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets pneumatically or hydraulically operated inflatable
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    • A61B2017/07214Stapler heads
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B90/08Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
    • A61B2090/0817Spatulas or spatula like extensions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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    • A61B90/30Devices for illuminating a surgical field, the devices having an interrelation with other surgical devices or with a surgical procedure
    • A61B2090/309Devices for illuminating a surgical field, the devices having an interrelation with other surgical devices or with a surgical procedure using white LEDs

Abstract

本发明公开了一种手术装置,具有手柄组件和从所述手柄组件向远侧延伸的细长构件。工具组件被安装至所述细长构件的远侧端。所述工具组件具有带多个吻合钉的钉仓组件。所述工具组件进一步具有砧座组件。所述砧座组件和所述钉仓组件中至少一个组件相对于彼此能够在打开位置和闭合位置之间运动。所述砧座组件和所述钉仓组件中至少一个组件的至少一部分被配置为在纵向延伸状态和纵向缩回状态之间转换。转换机构被配置为使得所述砧座组件和所述钉仓组件中至少一个组件在所述延伸状态和所述缩回状态之间转换。本发明还公开了滑动砧座/缩回钉仓重新装载。

Description

滑动砧座/缩回钉仓重新装载
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2012年6月14日提交的序列号为61/659,567的美国临时专利申请的权益和优先权,其全部内容通过引用合并于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及手术吻合装置,且更特别地,本公开涉及被配置为操作在胸腔手术中使用的带有用于操纵组织的可延伸末端元件的工具组件的内窥镜手术吻合装置。
背景技术
这样的手术装置在本领域中是公知的:先将组织抓取或夹持在对置的钳夹结构之间然后通过手术紧固件连结所述组织。所述紧固件典型地采用手术吻合钉的形式,但是也可以使用两件式聚合物紧固件。
用于此目的的器械可以包括分别用来捕获或夹持组织的两个细长构件。典型地,其中一个构件承载容纳有以例如至少两个横向排布置的多个吻合钉的吻合钉钉仓,而另一个构件包括砧座,砧座限定在吻合钉从钉仓组件驱动出时用于使钉腿成形的表面。一般地,利用纵向穿过所述吻合钉钉仓的滑板作用在吻合钉推动器上以从所述吻合钉钉仓中顺序地射出所述吻合钉来实现吻合操作。刀具可以在所述吻合钉排之间行进从而纵向地切割吻合钉排间的被吻合的组织。在专利号为6,250,532和6,241,139的美国专利中公开了这样的吻合器,这两个专利目前均归Tyco医疗健康集团所有,且其全部内容通过引用合并于此。
在微创胸腔手术中,通过小的切口或经由皮肤中的小的进入伤口插入的小直径插管或密封锚定件来进行手术。特别是在微创胸腔手术过程中,通过相邻肋之间自然的肋间隙来进行手术。由于器械定位在肋骨间时运动程度有限,对于外科医生来说,在与手术无关的身体组织周围操纵器械的工具组件以接近和/或夹持组织部位,可能是相当困难的。已经开发出具有可旋转的内窥镜主体部以及可旋转和/或可关节式运动的工具组件的器械来解决该问题,并且在商业上是可获得的。虽然这些器械显著地提高了内窥镜工具技术,但是依然期望有进一步的提高,可以通过允许外科医生更容易地接近组织部位从而减少外科手术所需要的时间。因此,对于具有能够迅速、轻松地操纵组织的工具组件的微创手术装置的需要持续存在。
发明内容
在一个方案中,提供一种手术装置,其具有手柄组件和从所述手柄组件向远侧延伸并限定了纵向轴线的细长构件。工具组件被安装至所述细长构件的远侧端。所述工具组件具有带多个吻合钉的钉仓组件。所述工具组件还具有砧座组件。所述砧座组件和所述钉仓组件中至少一个组件相对于彼此能够在打开位置和闭合位置之间运动。所述砧座组件和所述钉仓组件中至少一个组件的至少一个部分被配置为在纵向延伸状态和纵向缩回状态之间转换。转换机构被配置为用来使得所述砧座组件和所述钉仓组件中至少一个组件在所述延伸状态和所述缩回状态之间转换。
所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件中至少一个组件可以包括在延伸状态和缩回状态之间转换的舌形片。所述转换机构可以气动地来转换所述舌形片。所述转换机构可以包括用来转换所述舌形片的杆。所述舌形片可以具有弧形结构。所述舌形片可以从所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件中至少一个组件中转换出来以及转换进入所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件中至少一个组件中。在一些实施例中,所述舌形片是由形状记忆材料构成并在所述延伸状态下返回至已记忆形状的位置。
在一些实施例中,所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件中至少一个组件可以包括助视器。所述助视器可以是LED。所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件中至少一个组件可以包括用来感测组织状况的传感器。所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件中至少一个组件可以包括配置为用于材料通过的管。
在一些实施例中,所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件中在接合平面的远侧的至少一个组件可以在展开状态和收缩状态之间转换。当所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件中在接合平面的远侧的至少一个组件在所述展开状态和所述收缩状态之间转换时,所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件中在接合平面的近侧的至少一个组件可以保持静止。
在一些实施例中,所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件中邻近接合平面的至少一个组件可以在所述展开状态和所述收缩状态之间转换。当所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件中在接合平面的近侧的至少一个组件在所述展开状态和所述收缩状态之间转换时,所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件中在接合平面的远侧的至少一个组件可以保持静止。
响应于所述手柄组件的活动手柄的致动,所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件可以在所述打开位置和所述闭合位置之间运动。响应于所述手柄组件的活动手柄的致动,所述钉仓组件可以发射多个吻合钉。所述手术装置可以包括被配置为使得所述手术装置在第一操作模式和第二操作模式之间交替的模式选择机构。所述模式选择机构可以包括用来在所述第一操作模式和所述第二操作模式之间进行选择的开关,在所述第一操作模式下,所述钉仓组件和砧座组件能够在所述打开位置和闭合位置之间来回运动,在所述第二操作模式下,所述钉仓组件和砧座组件被锁定在所述闭合位置处以便于夹持组织并发射所述多个吻合钉。
在另一个方案中,提供了一种吻合组织的方法,具有以下步骤:通过组织中的切口插入包括带有可延伸末端的末端执行器的手术吻合装置,延伸所述可延伸末端,使用所述可延伸末端操纵组织,在所述末端执行器内抓取组织,将所述手术吻合装置从抓取模式切换至发射模式,以及从所述末端执行器发射吻合钉穿过组织。所述方法可以进一步包括以下步骤:拉动所述手术吻合装置的缩回手柄以从所述末端执行器释放组织,并且使得所述手术吻合装置从所述发射模式返回至所述抓取模式。所述可延伸末端可以从所述末端执行器的砧座组件或钉仓组件中运动出和运动进入所述末端执行器的砧座组件或钉仓组件。所述可延伸末端可以是弯曲的舌形片。
附图说明
参照所述附图公开了本公开的手术吻合装置的实施例,其中:
图1A是根据本公开的手术吻合装置的侧视立体图;
图1B是图示了图1A的手术吻合装置的俯视图;
图1C是图示了图1A的手术吻合装置的侧视图;
图2A是图1A的手术吻合装置的手柄组件的分解图;
图2B是图2A的手柄组件的致动杆的侧视立体图;
图2C是图2B的致动杆的侧剖视图;
图3A是图2A的手柄组件的侧剖视图,其活动手柄处于第一位置;
图3B是图2A的手柄组件的卡爪组件的侧剖视图;
图3C是图3B的卡爪组件的侧剖视图,其活动手柄处于第二位置;
图3D是图2A的手柄机构正从抓取模式转换至发射模式的侧视立体图;
图3E是图3B的卡爪组件处于发射模式而活动手柄处于第一位置的侧剖视图;
图3F是图3B的卡爪组件的侧视立体图;
图3G是图3F的卡爪组件处于发射模式而活动手柄正返回第二位置的侧视立体图;
图3H是图3G的卡爪组件的侧剖视图;
图3I是当活动手柄被拉至第一位置同时处于发射模式时的图3H的卡爪组件的侧剖视图;
图4是图示了处于打开位置的图1A的手术吻合装置的末端执行器的侧视立体图,其舌形片从其中延伸出来;
图5是图4的末端执行器的正剖视图;
图6A是处于闭合位置的图4的末端执行器的工具组件的侧剖视图,其舌形片缩回其中;
图6B是处于打开位置的图6A的工具组件的侧剖视图,其舌形片从其中延伸出来;
图7是图6A的工具组件的侧剖视图,图示了驱动构件和滑板的远侧平移;
图8是图6A的工具组件的侧剖视图,图示了多个吻合钉的发射;
图9A是图1A的手术吻合装置,在微创胸腔手术中进入胸腔组织中的开口之前的侧剖视图;
图9B是图1A的手术吻合装置,通过胸腔组织中的开口被插入且操纵其中血管的侧剖视图;
图9C是图1A的手术吻合装置吻合血管的侧剖视图;
图10是根据本公开的实施例的具有气动控制的舌形片的手术吻合装置的砧座组件的侧视立体图;
图11是根据本公开的实施例的具有可缩回钉仓组件的手术吻合装置的工具组件的侧视图;以及
图12是根据本公开的实施例的具有可延伸主体部、LED末端以及管的手术吻合装置的末端执行器的侧视图。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图详细地描述本公开的手术吻合装置的实施例,其中在几幅附图的每幅附图中相同附图标记表示相同的或对应的元件。
在整篇说明书中,术语“近侧”指的是装置的较靠近操作员的部分,而术语“远侧”指的是装置的较远离操作员的部分。
图1A至1C图示了本公开的手术吻合装置的一个实施例,总体被显示为10。手术吻合装置10包括手柄组件12、旋钮14、关节式运动杆16、细长轴18以及末端执行器100。手柄组件12包括固定手柄20、活动手柄22以及缩回手柄26。细长轴18限定了手术吻合装置10的纵向轴线。致动器按钮28横向穿过按钮路径29并且在手柄组件12相对两侧从按钮路径29向外伸出。致动器按钮28能够沿着按钮路径29滑动。平移开关32能够在手柄组件12上的开关凹陷30内滑动。手术吻合装置10可在抓取模式和发射模式之间转换,在抓取模式下末端执行器100可以抓取和释放组织,在发射模式下,末端执行器100发射吻合钉穿过组织。
活动手柄22能够在第一位置和第二位置之间枢转地转换。活动手柄22通过手柄弹簧60(图2A)朝向第二位置偏置,在第二位置处活动手柄22距离固定手柄20最远。朝向固定手柄20拉动活动手柄22使得活动手柄22转换至第一位置,在第一位置处活动手柄22距离固定手柄20最近。释放活动手柄22允许在手柄组件12内的偏置力转换活动手柄22返回至第二位置。
末端执行器100包括主体部102和可枢转地附接到主体部102的工具组件104。旋钮14可以被旋转以致动末端执行器100绕纵向轴线旋转。旋钮14的旋转可以使得细长轴18和末端执行器100旋转。关节式运动杆16可转向以致动工具组件104进行关节式运动,从而相对于纵向轴线移动工具组件104远离轴线。在一些实施例中,末端执行器100可以是可释放地附接到细长轴18上的一次性装载单元(DLU)。
如图2A所示,手柄组件12包括卡爪组件50。卡爪组件50包括卡爪臂52和抓取卡爪54。手柄组件12进一步包括驱动卡爪40和竖直卡爪90。手柄组件12进一步包括用来朝第二位置偏置活动手柄22的手柄弹簧60和用来向近侧偏置致动器杆70的致动器弹簧62。致动器杆70平移致动杆80(图3A)用来致动工具组件104的抓取和发射。正如以下更详细地讨论,卡爪臂52可操作地连接到致动器按钮28,使得致动器按钮28向远侧的滑动缩回卡爪组件50。
如图2B至图2C所示,致动器杆70具有卡爪间隙72、齿74、抵接部76以及杆凹槽78。杆凹槽78被构造和定尺寸为在其中接纳致动杆80的近侧端。当手术吻合装置10处于抓取模式时,卡爪间隙72被构造和定尺寸为可移除地接纳卡爪54。在抓取模式下抵接部76被配置用来啮合驱动卡爪42以向远侧驱动致动器杆70。在发射模式下齿74被配置用来啮合驱动卡爪42以向远侧驱动致动器杆70。
图3A至图3I图示了随着手术吻合装置10从抓取模式转换至发射模式时的卡爪组件50。如图3A至图3B所示,手术吻合装置10开始处于抓取模式。将活动手柄22从第二位置拉至第一位置来向远侧推动驱动卡爪40。驱动卡爪40接触抵接部76来向远侧驱动致动器杆70。正如以下更详细地说明,致动器杆70的远侧平移向远侧平移致动杆80,从而导致末端执行器100抓取组织。在抓取模式中抓取卡爪54保持在卡爪间隙72中。
图3C图示了随着活动手柄22被释放返回至第二位置时的卡爪组件50。驱动卡爪40从抵接部76向近侧后退,并且因而不再向远侧推动致动器杆70。致动器弹簧62向近侧平移致动器杆70,致动器杆70转而向近侧拉动致动杆80而导致末端执行器100释放其对组织的抓取。
如图3D至图3F,当手术吻合装置10处于抓取模式而活动手柄22被移动至第一位置时,致动器按钮28能够向远侧滑动以将手术吻合装置10从抓取模式转换至发射模式。向远侧滑动致动器按钮28使得抓取卡爪54从卡爪间隙72缩回。
如图3G至3H所示,在手术吻合装置10被转换至发射模式后第一次释放活动手柄22时,卡爪臂52旋转使得抓取卡爪54(不再处于卡爪间隙72内并且因而不被抑制向近侧运动)运动至邻近于卡爪间隙72的位置。随着卡爪臂52旋转,卡爪臂52使得致动器按钮28向近侧滑动,因而使得卡爪组件50从缩回位置返回。此时驱动卡爪40与齿74相啮合。
如图3I所示,额外地将活动手柄22拉至第一位置以向远侧驱动致动器杆70。当活动手柄22被拉至第一位置时,驱动卡爪40向远侧驱动致动器杆70。竖直卡爪90与致动器杆70啮合,来抑制当活动手柄22被释放至第二位置时致动器弹簧62向近侧拉动致动器杆70。当活动手柄22被释放至第二位置时,抓取卡爪54和驱动卡爪40沿着齿74向近侧滑动。因此,额外地拉动和释放活动手柄22增量地向远侧驱动致动器杆70以发射吻合钉。当发射完成时,向近侧拉动缩回手柄26,这样使得致动器杆与驱动卡爪40和抓取卡爪54脱离接触并且向近侧拉动致动器杆70。手术吻合装置10于是返回至抓取模式。
如图4所示,工具组件104包括砧座组件106和钉仓组件108。当手术吻合装置10处于抓取模式时,砧座组件106和钉仓组件108能够在打开位置和闭合位置之间来回运动。砧座组件106和钉仓组件108能够相对于彼此枢转地运动。在一个实施例中,砧座组件106和钉仓组件108还能够相对于彼此平移运动(图11)。在打开位置,砧座组件106和钉仓组件108彼此间距足够远以接纳其间组织。在闭合位置,砧座组件106和钉仓组件108彼此间距足够闭合在一起以抓取其间组织,即,紧密配合对准。砧座组件106和钉仓组件108在闭合位置可能基本上是平行的。
在抓取模式中,当拉动活动手柄22至第一位置时,砧座组件106和钉仓组件108移动至闭合位置。当活动手柄22被释放至第二位置时,砧座组件106和钉仓组件108返回至打开位置。当工具组件104处于闭合位置时,手术吻合装置10通过向远侧滑动致动器按钮28能够从抓取模式被转换至发射模式。在发射模式中,当活动手柄22被运动远离固定手柄20时,砧座组件106和钉仓组件108保持在闭合位置。将活动手柄22拉至第一位置以再次从钉仓组件108发射吻合钉130(图8)。在钉仓组件108和砧座组件106之间压缩吻合钉130使得吻合钉130变形,因而在钉仓组件108和砧座组件106之间吻合组织。通过向近侧拉动缩回手柄26,手术吻合装置10可以从发射模式返回至抓取模式。在Tyco医疗健康集团目前拥有的编号为2011/0272448的美国专利申请出版物中公开了这样的吻合器,其全部内容通过引用合并于此。
砧座组件106包括可平移末端150,用来选择性地操纵手术部位处的组织。在一些实施例中,不是砧座组件106而是钉仓组件108包括可平移末端。还能够设想砧座组件106和钉仓组件108都包括可平移末端的实施例。当向近侧滑动平移开关32时,可平移末端150能够在砧座组件106内的砧座通道111中缩回。当向远侧滑动平移开关32时,可平移末端150能够从砧座通道111延伸出来。可平移末端150能够部分延伸和缩回。可替换地,可平移末端150可以只在完全延伸状态和完全缩回状态之间转换。
可平移末端或舌形片150可以具有大致弯曲的构造。可平移末端150能够由弹性可变形的材料(例如,记忆金属)构成,使得可平移末端150当延伸出砧座通道111时具有基本上弧形的构造,当被缩回进砧座通道111时具有基本上直线的构造。可平移末端150能够具有软硬度计以协助在缩回状态和延伸状态之间转换。可平移末端150能够具有任何适合的曲率,例如,可平移末端150能够朝向钉仓组件108弯曲或远离钉仓组件108弯曲。设想这样的实施例,其中可平移末端150能够被旋转朝向任何期望的方向弯曲。还能够设想这样的实施例,其中可平移末端150具有可调整的曲率。
如图5所示,砧座组件106包括砧座通道111,并且钉仓组件包括钉仓通道112。通道111、112被配置为用于驱动构件120(图7)的穿过。驱动构件120的近侧端可操作地连接到致动杆80,使得致动杆80的平移对应地平移驱动构件120。能够将砧座通道111分成被配置为用于驱动构件120穿过的第一通道111a和被配置为用于可平移末端150穿过的第二通道111b。钉仓组件108其中包括多个吻合钉130和多个推动器132。推动器132能够通过滑板122(图6A)朝向砧座钉仓106移动,从而推动多个吻合钉130与砧座钉仓106中的对应的多个砧座凹处134相接触。在吻合钉130和砧座凹处134之间的压力使吻合钉130变形成适合吻合组织的构造。
如图6A所示,砧座通道111容纳有平移杆154以用来当平移开关32滑动时使得在延伸状态和缩回状态之间纵向地平移可平移末端150。平移杆154的近侧端可操作地连接到平移开关32上。平移杆154的远侧端可操作地连接到可平移末端150。在手术吻合装置10的实施例中,平移杆154能够具有多个段,其中,末端执行器100可释放地附接到细长轴18。正如下面将更详细地讨论,钉仓通道112容纳有滑板122。
图6A至图8图示了工具组件104的转换过程。图6A图示了在手术操作开始时的工具组件104的典型状态。工具组件104处于闭合位置,而可平移末端150缩回在砧座组件106内使得工具组件104具有最小的构造。工具组件104的最小构造有助于工具组件104运动穿过手术部位。在手术部位处,旋钮14和关节式运动旋钮16均能够被旋转至定位工具组件104适合于抓取组织所必需的角度。
通过向远侧部分地平移驱动构件120穿过砧座通道111、112,将工具组件104从打开位置转换到闭合位置。在抓取模式下,驱动构件120向远侧的平移不足够远到向远侧推动滑板122。在发射模式下,向远侧平移驱动构件120足够远以向远侧推动滑板122。通过向近侧平移驱动构件120,将工具组件104从闭合位置转换至打开位置。
如图6B所示,工具组件104可以被转换至打开位置,从而接纳其间的组织。可以从砧座通道111中延伸出可平移末端150,从而有助于操纵组织。一旦组织处于砧座组件106和钉仓组件108之间,工具组件104能够被转换至闭合位置,从而抓取组织或发射吻合钉贯穿其中。当工具组件104处于闭合位置时,可平移末端150可以缩回或可以保持延伸状态。
如图7至图8所示,当工具组件104处于闭合位置时,能够发射吻合钉。首先,通过向远侧滑动致动器按钮28将手术吻合装置10从抓取模式切换至发射模式。活动手柄22被反复地拉至第一位置并且被释放至第二位置,每次都增量地向远侧推进驱动构件120穿过通道111、112。驱动构件120向远侧推动滑板122穿过钉仓组件108。滑板122顺序地啮合推动器132,这将吻合钉130推进砧座凹处134中。在手术吻合装置10处于抓取模式的任何时候,例如当吻合完成时,可以向近侧拉动缩回手柄26以使得手术吻合装置10返回至抓取模式。然后,能够从手术部位移除手术吻合装置10。可平移末端150可以在砧座通道111内缩回并且工具组件可以被转换至闭合位置以实现工具组件104的最小构造,从而有助于移除手术吻合装置10。
图9A至图9C图示了手术吻合装置10的使用方法。尽管被描述的方法与胸腔手术有关,但是应该理解的是基本相似的方法还能够用于内窥镜、腹腔镜、以及其他微创手术。如图9A所示,在肋骨R之间的肋间隙中的组织T里创建了切口I。通过切口I插入进入装置D,从而有利于在切口I周围建立基本上的流体密封。进入装置D可以由符合组织T要求的顺应性泡沫或塑料形成。可替换地,进入装置D能够由基本上坚实的材料形成,从而提供分开肋骨R的力,以便于为胸腔手术创造更大的工作区域。进入装置还可能被构造为用来拉伸柔性膜片而拉伸切口。进入装置D至少具有一个延伸贯穿其中的端口P以用来接纳贯穿其中的手术吻合装置10。在手术吻合装置10通过端口P插入的过程中,手术进入装置处于抓取模式。活动手柄22被拉至第一位置来闭合工具组件104。向近侧滑动开关32来缩回末端150。
如图9B所示,手术进入装置10通过端口P插入。末端执行器100完全穿过端口P。手柄组件12保持邻近端口P。细长构件18的一部分处于端口P内,而且限定端口P的材料对在其中的细长构件18的一部分形成基本上的流体密封。滑动开关32向远侧延伸末端150,从而操纵在组织T下方的血管V。能够根据需要拉动和释放活动手柄22,以便于工具组件104穿过组织抓取、控制并且操纵。旋转致动器手柄16和旋钮14可以有助于穿过组织操纵末端执行器100。
如图9C所示,一旦血管V已经被抓取在工具组件104内,可以发射吻合钉130穿过血管V。如图3D所示,向远侧滑动致动器按钮28,从而切换手术装置10至发射模式。反复地拉动和释放活动手柄22,从而增量地发射吻合钉130。每次拉动活动手柄22都增量地向远侧移动缩回手柄26。当发射完成时,向近侧拉动缩回手柄26,从而使得手术吻合装置10返回至抓取模式并从工具组件104释放血管V。然后能够按照与如上插入步骤相反的步骤,从手术部位上移除手术吻合装置10。
图10图示了根据本公开的手术吻合装置的砧座组件的另一个实施例,并被指定为标记206。砧座组件206可以替换或代替砧座组件106使用。砧座组件206类似于砧座组件106,因而在本文中仅对确认它们在构造和操作上的差异的必要范围内详细描述。砧座组件206包括气动末端250。气动末端250是顺应性的。气动末端250在缩回状态下具有卷曲的构造而在延伸状态下具有展开的构造。气动末端250被连接到平移杆154的远侧端。气动末端250和平移杆154是中空的,因而适合于接纳加压的流体(例如,加压的二氧化碳气体)贯穿其中。平移杆154的近侧端与任何适合的用于延伸和缩回气动末端250的气压源(例如,泵或压缩气体瓶)流体连通。气动末端250能够被偏置至缩回状态,使得流体压力延伸气动末端250,并且流体压力的除去缩回气动末端250。
图11图示了根据本公开的手术吻合装置的工具组件的另一个实施例,并总体指定为标记304。工具组件304可以替换或代替工具组件104使用。工具组件304类似于工具组件104,因而在本文中仅对确认它们在构造和操作上的差异的必要范围内详细描述。工具组件304包括砧座组件306和钉仓组件308,砧座组件306和钉仓组件308在打开位置和闭合位置之间能够相对于彼此可枢转地运动。砧座组件306具有用来操纵组织的扭折末端(kinkedtip)350。当工具组件304处于闭合位置时,扭折末端350和钉仓组件308的远侧端基本上是平行的,并限定了其间的组织接合平面。当平移开关32滑动时,钉仓组件308能够在缩回状态和延伸状态之间纵向地平移。当钉仓组件被缩回时,砧座组件306保持在适当位置,缩回钉仓组件308加宽了接合平面,从而允许扭折末端350更容易操纵较大的组织。在替换实施例中,当钉仓组件308保持静止时,砧座组件306能够在缩回状态和延伸状态之间纵向地平移。还能够设想这样的实施例,其中钉仓组件308的远侧末端远离砧座组件306的远侧末端,在这种情况下,钉仓组件308是能够延伸的或者砧座组件306是能够缩回的以加宽接合平面。
图12图示了根据本公开的手术吻合装置的末端执行器的另一个实施例,并总体被指定为标记400。末端执行器400可以替换或代替末端执行器100使用。末端执行器400类似于末端执行器100,因而在本文中仅对确认它们在构造和操作上的差异的必要范围内详细描述。末端执行器400包括主体部402和工具组件404。工具组件404包括砧座组件406和钉仓组件408,砧座组件406和钉仓组件408能够相对于彼此可枢转地运动。主体部402包括可沿着由细长构件18限定的纵向轴线延伸和缩回的可延伸部分402a,从而同时延伸或缩回砧座组件406和钉仓组件408两者,因此有助于用户操纵组织。通过分别向远侧和向近侧滑动平移开关32来致动可延伸部分402a的延伸和缩回。
砧座组件406具有用作助视器的LED末端460。可替换地,钉仓组件408可能具有LED末端。LED末端460能够是弯曲的和/或锥形的,从而有助于操纵组织。在另一个实施例中,砧座组件406和钉仓组件408中的至少一个组件具有传感器末端。传感器末端能够被用来感测组织状况。传感器末端能够与处理器进行有线或无线通信,用来处理所感测到的有关组织状况的信息。
砧座组件406包括管470的远侧端。管470可以执行很多功能,例如,排出手术部位内的材料,冲洗手术部位,并从手术部位吸收材料。管470从砧座组件406向近侧延伸穿过末端执行器400,并且进一步穿过细长构件18。管470的近侧端可操作地连接到用来与手术部位流体连通的机构,例如,真空源或冲洗源。
将要理解的是可以对这里公开的实施例进行各种修改。例如,能够想象到的是公开的手术吻合装置能够与其他手术装置(例如,施夹钳、解剖器、电手术密封装置等)结合使用。此外,装置还能够包括除了吻合钉或者发射紧固件的那些装置以外的工具组件,例如,密封装置(电手术的和非电手术的)等。因此,上述说明书不应该视为限制,仅仅是一些优选实施例的例证。本领域的技术人员在这里随附的权利要求书的范围和精神内将设想其他的修改。

Claims (8)

1.一种手术装置,包括:
手柄组件;
细长构件,从所述手柄组件向远侧延伸,所述细长构件限定了纵向轴线;
工具组件,被安装至所述细长构件的远侧端,所述工具组件具有钉仓组件和砧座组件,所述钉仓组件具有被支撑在其中的多个吻合钉,所述砧座组件和所述钉仓组件中至少一个组件相对于彼此能够在打开位置和闭合位置之间运动,所述砧座组件和所述钉仓组件中至少一个组件具有适合于接纳流体的舌形片,其中供应至所述舌形片的流体使所述舌形片从缩回状态转换至延伸状态;以及
转换机构,被配置为使得所述舌形片在纵向延伸状态和纵向缩回状态之间转换,
其中,当向近侧滑动所述转换机构时,所述舌形片能够在所述砧座组件和所述钉仓组件中的至少一个组件内缩回,当向远侧滑动所述转换机构时,所述舌形片能够从所述砧座组件和所述钉仓组件中的至少一个组件延伸出来,并且
所述转换机构包括转换所述舌形片的杆,所述舌形片和所述杆是中空的,所述舌形片连接至所述杆的远侧端,所述杆的近侧端与用于延伸和缩回所述舌形片的气压源流体连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的手术装置,其中,所述舌形片具有弧形构造。
3.根据权利要求1所述的手术装置,其中,所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件中至少一个组件包括被布置在其上的助视器。
4.根据权利要求1所述的手术装置,其中,所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件中至少一个组件包括被布置在其上的用来感测组织状况的传感器。
5.根据权利要求1所述的手术装置,其中,所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件中至少一个组件包括被构造为用于材料通过的管。
6.根据权利要求1所述的手术装置,其中,响应于所述手柄组件的活动手柄的致动,所述钉仓组件和所述砧座组件在所述打开位置和所述闭合位置之间运动。
7.根据权利要求1所述的手术装置,其中,响应于所述手柄组件的活动手柄的致动,所述钉仓组件发射所述多个吻合钉。
8.根据权利要求1所述的手术装置,进一步包括被配置为使得所述手术装置在第一操作模式和第二操作模式之间交替的模式选择机构,所述模式选择机构包括用来在所述第一操作模式和所述第二操作模式之间进行选择的开关,在所述第一操作模式下,所述钉仓组件和砧座组件能够在所述打开位置和闭合位置之间来回运动,在所述第二操作模式下,所述钉仓组件和砧座组件被锁定在所述闭合位置下以夹持其间的组织并且发射所述多个吻合钉。
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EP2674111A3 (en) 2015-04-15
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EP2674111A2 (en) 2013-12-18
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