CN103750096A - 富含植物精华的蜂胶蜜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
富含植物精华的蜂胶蜜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103750096A CN103750096A CN201310754340.9A CN201310754340A CN103750096A CN 103750096 A CN103750096 A CN 103750096A CN 201310754340 A CN201310754340 A CN 201310754340A CN 103750096 A CN103750096 A CN 103750096A
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Abstract
本发明提供一种富含植物精华的蜂胶蜜膏及其制备方法，包括如下重量份数的各组分：药食同源的食材10-20份；蜂蜜60-80份；蜂胶5-15份；维生素C5-10份。其制备方法包括如下步骤：（1）将药食同源的食材洗净、破碎后进行真空冷冻干燥；（2）进行真空冷冻干燥后的药食同源的食材进行粗粉碎；（3）将粗粉碎后的药食同源的食材进行超微粉碎；（4）将药食同源的食材粉、蜂蜜、蜂胶、维生素C混合搅拌后进行均质；（5）均质后进行灌装、巴氏杀菌。本发明的有益效果是工序简单，操作方便，根据不同药食同源的植物，可以制造出不同口感、不同功效、不同营养成分的蜂胶蜜膏。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种富含植物精华的蜂胶蜜膏及其制备方法。
背景技术
蜂蜜是理想的天然保健食品，可单独食用或与其它保健食物混合在一起制成保健食品服用，由于其具有蜂产品的优越功效，因此已被广泛应用于保健食品和医药之中，以满足人们不同的生理需要。但是蜂蜜与其它保健食品混合在一起效果不太明显，且单独食用时存在不能充分发挥其保健功效的缺点，合理开发利用蜂蜜使其充分发挥功效是本领域科研人员亟待研究和解决的重大课题。
发明内容
蜂蜜中富含丰富的蛋白质、氨基酸、维生素及多种人类必须的矿物质等营养成分，有着滋阴润燥，护肝安神等功效，成为最受欢迎的营养和保健品之一。中国是养蜂大国，产量为世界之最，随着社会的发展，生产附加值高的相关蜂蜜产品已经成为一种趋势。目前，蜂蜜产品还都处于初级加工阶段，市面上强化营养和植物精华的蜂蜜鲜见。
本发明的目的是设计一种在保持蜂蜜原有有效成分基础之上，提高蜂蜜附加值和营养价值的蜜膏生产工艺。
富含植物精华的蜂胶蜜膏，包括如下重量份数的各组分：
所述药食同源的食材包括山药、山楂、乌梅、木瓜、甘草、白芷、白果、桂圆、决明子、百合、杏仁、沙棘、阿胶、枣、金银花、姜、枸杞子、胖大海、桑椹、莲子、葛根、藿香。
山药性甘、平。健脾胃、益肺肾、补虚嬴；治食少便溏、虚劳、喘咳、尿频、带下、消渴。
山楂含糖类、蛋白质、脂肪、维生素C、胡萝卜素、淀粉、苹果酸、枸橼酸、钙和铁等物质，具有降血脂、血压、强心、抗心律不齐等作用，同时，山楂也是健脾开胃、消食化滞、活血化痰的良药。对胸膈脾满、疝气、血淤、闭经等症有很好的疗效。山楂内的黄酮类化合物牡荆素，是一种抗癌作用较强的药物，山楂提取物对癌细胞体内生长、增殖和浸润转移均有一定的抑制作用。
乌梅的果实含枸橼酸(citric acid），苹果酸(malic acid），草酸(oxalic acid），琥珀酸(succinic acid）和延胡索酸(fumaric acid）总酸量约 4%-5.5%，以前两种有机酸的含量较多。还含5-羟甲基-2-糠醛(5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde），为无色油状物。所含挥发性成分，主要有苯甲醛(benzaldehyde)62.40%，4-松油烯醇(terpinen-4-ol)3.97%，苯甲醇（benzyl alcohol)3.97%和十六烷酸(hexadecanoic acid)4.55%。乌梅仁含苦杏仁甙(amygdalin）约0.5%，而梅仁含约4.3%。另有报道乌梅中还超氧化物歧化酶(SOD）。
木瓜主治肌肤麻木，关节肿痛，脚气，霍乱大吐，转筋悄止。治脚气剧痒难忍，用嫩木瓜一个，去籽煎服。另外作饮料喝，可以治愈呕逆，心膈痰唾，消食，止水痢后渴不止。止水肿冷热痢，心腹痛。常熬夜者应吃番木瓜 [3]，番木瓜的糖分高，而且有助于消化。吕莉菱说，如果经常熬夜，身体中的酶会减少，对消化系统有一定影响，这种水果可作为补充。
甘草能清热解毒，润肺止咳，调和诸药性；炙甘草能补脾益气，临床用量特大，出口量大。除药用之外，食品上也大量用甘草做糕点添加剂，它的甜度是蔗糖的百倍。西方国家大量进口甘草，从中提取甘草次酸，治艾滋病。
白芷具有活血排脓，祛风湿，生肌止痛之功效。
白果敛肺气，定喘嗽，止带浊，缩小便，消毒杀虫。主治哮喘，痰嗽，梦遗，白带，白浊，小儿腹泻，虫积，肠风脏毒，淋病，小便频数，以及疥癣、漆疮、白癜风等病症。
桂圆治疗虚劳羸弱、失眠、健忘、惊悸、怔忡、心虚、头晕效果显著。
决明子清热明目，润肠通便。用于目赤涩痛，羞明多泪，头痛眩晕，目暗不明，大便秘结。归肝、肾、大肠经。有减肥之功效。治风热赤眼，青盲，雀目，高血压，肝炎，肝硬化腹水，习惯性便秘。
百合除含有蛋白质21.29%、脂肪12.43%、还原糖11.47%、淀粉1.61%，及钙、磷、铁、每百克含1.443毫克维生素B、21.2毫克维生素C等营养素外，还含有一些特殊的营养成分，如秋水仙碱等多种生物碱。这些成分综合作用于人体，不仅具有良好的营养滋补之功，而且还对秋季气候干燥而引起的多种季节性疾病有一定的防治作用。中医上讲鲜百合具有养心安神，润肺止咳的功效，对病后虚弱的人非常有益。
杏仁止咳平喘，润肠通便。
沙棘沙棘性温味酸涩，具有活血散淤、化痰宽胸、生津止渴、清热止泻的功效，主治跌打损伤、肺脓疡、咳嗽痰多、呼吸困难、消化不良、高热伤阴、肠炎痢疾、胃痛、闭经等病症。沙棘总黄酮可提高血清补体水平，增强巨噬细胞的功能，故既可补充营养，又能提高机体的抗病能力。
阿胶补血滋阴，润燥，止血。用于血虚萎黄，眩晕心悸，心烦不眠，肺燥咳嗽。
枣主治心腹邪气，安中，养脾气平胃气，通九窍，助-卜二经，补少气、少津液、身体虚弱，大惊，四肢重，和百药。长期服食能轻身延年。但有齿 病、疳病、蛔虫的人不宜吃，腹中胀满的人不宜吃，小儿不宜多吃。忌与葱同食，否则使人五脏不和。如与鱼同食，使人腰腹痛。李时珍说：“现在的人蒸枣大多用糖、蜜拌过，长期吃最损脾，助湿热。枣是益脾的，脾病宜食”。
金银花功效主要是清热解毒，主治温病发热、热毒血痢、痈疽疔毒等。现代研究证明，金银花含有绿原酸、木犀草素苷等药理活性成分，对溶血性链球菌、金黄葡萄球菌等多种致病菌及上呼吸道感染致病病毒等有较强的抑制力，另外还可增强免疫力、抗早孕、护肝、抗肿瘤、消炎、解热、止血（凝血）、抑制肠道吸收胆固醇等，其临床用途非常广泛，可与其它药物配伍用于治疗呼吸道感染、菌痢、急性泌尿系统感染、高血压等40余种病症。
姜具有解毒杀菌的作用，生姜中的姜辣素进入体内，能产生一种抗氧化本酶，它有很强的对付氧自由基的本领，比维生素E还要强得多。
枸杞子主治滋补肝肾，益精明目。用于虚劳精亏，腰膝酸痛，眩晕耳鸣，内热消渴，血虚萎黄，目昏不明。枸杞子中含有14种氨基酸，并含有甜菜碱、玉蜀黄素、酸浆果红素等特殊营养成分，使其具有不同凡响的保健功效。引枸杞子含有丰富的胡萝卜素、多种维生素和钙、铁等健康眼睛的必需营养物质，故有明目之功，俗称“明眼子”。
胖大海清热，润肺，利咽，解毒。治干咳无痰，喉痛，音哑，骨蒸内热，吐衄下血，目赤，牙痛，痔疮漏管。用于开肺气，清肺热。常配蝉退治肺热声咳。
桑葚：每100克桑椹含水分81.8克，蛋白质1.8克，脂肪0.3克。纤维素4.9克，碳水化合物10克，灰分1.2克，胡萝卜素30微克，硫胺素0.02毫克、核黄素0.06毫克，维生素E6.95毫克，钾33毫克，锌0.27毫克，铜0.08毫克，硒4.8微克。此外，还含有鞣酸，苹果酸，维生素C和脂肪酸等。其脂肪主要为亚油酸、油酸、软脂酸、硬脂酸和少量辛酸、壬酸、癸酸、肉豆蔻酸、亚麻酸等。中医学认为桑椹补益肝肾，滋阴养血，息风，具有主治心悸失眠、头晕目眩、耳鸣、便秘盗汗、瘰疬、关节不利等病症。
莲子清心醒脾，补脾止泻，养心安神明目、补中养神，健脾补胃，止泻固精，益肾涩精止带。滋补元气。
葛根具有滋身健体、抗衰老、降压、降糖、降脂、增加皮肤弹性、润肤等功效。葛根中所含异黄酮具有滋润皮肤、恢复皮肤弹性的作用，还可以减缓骨骼组织细胞的老化，有助于钙质的吸收，减少骨钙丢失，增加骨密度并阻止骨骼的中空消溶，从而远离骨质疏松。葛根中的活性成分能够预防心脑血管等疾病以及有效缓解更年期综合症，又能延年益寿、增进健康，是中年女性日常保健、提高生活质量的理想选择。最值得推荐的是，女性常吃葛根，可以促使胸部发育增大，这主要就是异黄酮的功劳。
藿香性微温，味辛甘，具有芳香化湿、发表解暑、解表散邪、利湿除风、 清热止渴、和胃止呕、快气和中、健胃祛湿等功效。用于治疗头痛发热、风寒感冒、胸闷腹胀、胃寒疼痛、呕吐、泻痢、口臭等症，但阴虚火旺者忌食。
富含植物精华的蜂胶蜜膏的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）将所述药食同源的食材洗净、破碎后进行真空冷冻干燥；
（2）将步骤（1）中真空冷冻干燥后的所述药食同源的食材进行粗粉碎；
（3）将步骤（2）粗粉碎后的所述药食同源的食材进行超微粉碎至10-25μm；
（4）将步骤（3）中超微粉碎后的所述药食同源的食材、蜂蜜、蜂胶、维生素C混合搅拌后用胶体磨进行均质；
（5）均质后进行灌装、巴氏杀菌。
巴氏杀菌的条件为55℃杀菌30min。
本发明具有的优点和积极效果是：工序简单，操作方便，超微粉碎更加有利于蜂胶，植物精华物还有蜂蜜的混合乳化，低温巴氏杀菌，即杀灭了产品中的细菌又保持了蜂蜜原有的营养活性成分不被破坏。纯天然的原料，不含任何食品添加剂，保持了绿色食品的天然性。根据不同药食同源的植物，可以制造出不同口感、不同功效、不同营养成分的蜂胶蜜膏。
具体实施方式
实施例一
（1）选择原料：药食同源的食材10g、蜂蜜80g、蜂胶5g、维生素C5g。
（2）制备方法：将药食同源的食材洗净，破碎进行真空冷冻干燥；将经过真空冷冻干燥的食材放入粉碎机中进行粗粉碎；将经过粗粉碎的药食同源的食材放入超微粉碎机中进行二次粉碎至10-25μm；按照比列将超微粉碎后的食材、蜂蜜、蜂胶、维生素C放入搅拌机中进行搅拌，然后用胶体磨进行均质；将均质后的原料进行灌装，在55℃，30min的条件下进行巴氏杀菌；将杀菌完毕后的产品贴标签入库。
实施例二
（1）选择原料：药食同源的食材20g、蜂蜜70g、蜂胶5g、维生素C5g。
（2）制备方法：将药食同源的食材洗净，破碎进行真空冷冻干燥；将经过真空冷冻干燥的食材放入粉碎机中进行粗粉碎；将经过粗粉碎的药食同源的食材放入超微粉碎机中进行二次粉碎至10-25μm；按照比列将超微粉碎后的食材、蜂蜜、蜂胶、维生素C放入搅拌机中进行搅拌，然后用胶体磨进行均质；将均质后的原料进行灌装，在55℃，30min的条件下进行巴氏杀菌；将杀菌完毕后的产品贴标签入库。
实施例三
（1）选择原料：药食同源的食材15g、蜂蜜70g、蜂胶10g、维生素C5g。
（2）制备方法：将药食同源的食材洗净，破碎进行真空冷冻干燥；将经过真空冷冻干燥的食材放入粉碎机中进行粗粉碎；将经过粗粉碎的药食同源 的食材放入超微粉碎机中进行二次粉碎至10-25μm；按照比列将超微粉碎后的食材、蜂蜜、蜂胶、维生素C放入搅拌机中进行搅拌，然后用胶体磨进行均质；将均质后的原料进行灌装，在55℃，30min的条件下进行巴氏杀菌；将杀菌完毕后的产品贴标签入库。
其中药食同源的食材包括山药、山楂、乌梅、木瓜、甘草、白芷、白果、桂圆、决明子、百合、杏仁、沙棘、阿胶、枣、金银花、姜、枸杞子、胖大海、桑椹、莲子、葛根、藿香。
添加不同的食材会给产品带来不同的口感和功效，该制造工艺的关键步骤是对食品原料进行超微粉碎，超微粉碎更加有利于蜂胶，植物精华物还有蜂蜜的混合乳化，各种营养成分易于融合，使人体更易吸收，保健功效最大化。现针对其中的几种食材进行了有效性使用，具体试验过程及效果如下：
（一）、添加葛根的蜂胶蜜膏对于降低高血脂具有一定的功效，对此进行了临床试验，其测试指标的依据为：对高血脂的治疗效果如下：
正常值：20-25岁:120mg/dL
26-29岁:140mg/dL
30-39岁:150mg/dL
40-49岁:160mg/dL
50岁以上:190mg/dL
显效：血脂含量降低到正常值内。
有效：血脂含量降低到正常值+20mg/dL。
无效：血脂含量无下降。
现挑选15名高血脂患者，患者中包含20-25岁、26-29岁、30-39岁、40-49岁和50岁以上五个年龄段，每年龄段各3名。给每位患者均试用实施例1至3的蜂胶蜜膏，服用方法为：每日两次，每次10g，连续5天。其治疗效果如下表：
通过临床试验证明添加葛根的蜂胶蜜膏具有较好的降血脂功效。
（一）、添加枸杞子的蜂胶蜜膏对于降低血糖具有一定的功效，对此进行了临床试验，其测试指标的依据为：其对高血糖的治疗效果如下：
正常值：正常为70-110mg/dl（3.9-6.1mmol/L），饭后血糖可以暂时升高，但不超过180mg/dl。
显效：空腹时血糖含量降低到正常值内。
有效：空腹时血糖含量降低到正常值+20mg/dL。
无效：空腹时血糖含量无下降。
现挑选10名高血糖患者，将实施例1-3中的蜂胶蜜膏给每一位患者均食用，食用方法为：每日两次，每次10g，连续5天。其治疗效果如下表：
| 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | |
| 实施例一 | 6 | 2 | 2 |
| 实施例二 | 5 | 4 | 1 |
| 实施例三 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
根据临床试验证明添加枸杞子的蜂胶蜜膏具有较好的控制血糖之功效。
（三）、添加金银花的蜂胶蜜膏对于感冒症状具有一定的缓解功效，对此进行了临床试验，其测试指标的依据为：
显效：5天内感冒症状消失。
有效：5天内感冒症状缓解。
无效：5天内感冒症状无缓解。
现挑选10名感冒患者，将实施例1-3中的蜂胶蜜膏分别给每一位患者食用，食用方法为：每日两次，每次10g，连续5天。其治疗效果如下表：
| 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | |
| 实施例一 | 5 | 2 | 3 |
| 实施例二 | 6 | 4 | 0 |
| 实施例三 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
根据临床试验证明添加金银花的蜂胶蜜膏具有较好的缓解感冒病症、提高人体免疫力的功效。
（四）、添加姜的蜂胶蜜膏对于缓解痛经具有一定的功效，对此进行了临床试验，其测试指标的依据为：
显效：食用一个月后痛经症状消失。
有效：食用一个月后痛经症状缓解。
无效：食用一个月后痛经症状无明显改善。
现挑选10名痛经患者，将实施例1-3中蜂胶蜜膏分别给每位患者食用，食用方法为：每日两次，每次10g，连续5天。其治疗效果如下表：
| 显效 | 有效 | 无效 |
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| 实施例一 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| 实施例二 | 6 | 4 | 0 |
| 实施例三 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
由此可见添加姜的蜂胶蜜膏对于缓解痛经具有较好的功效。
（五）、添加决明子的蜂胶蜜膏对于降低高血压具有一定的功效，对此进行了临床试验，其测试指标的依据为：对高血压的治疗效果如下：
显效：血压降到正常值。
有效：高压超过正常值10mmHg以下。
无效：血压无下降。
现挑选10名高血压患者，将实施例1-3中的蜂胶蜜膏分别给每一位患者食用，食用方法为：每日两次，每次10g，连续5天。其治疗效果如下表：
| 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | |
| 实施例一 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| 实施例二 | 6 | 4 | 0 |
| 实施例三 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
通过临床试验证明添加决明子的蜂胶蜜膏具有较好的降血压功效。
（六）、添加藿香的蜂胶蜜膏对于感冒症状具有一定的缓解功效，对此进行了临床试验，其测试指标的依据为：
显效：5天内感冒症状消失。
有效：5天内感冒症状缓解。
无效：5天内感冒症状无缓解。
现挑选10名感冒患者，将实施例1-3中的蜂胶蜜膏分别给每一位患者食用，食用方法为：每日两次，每次10g，连续5天。其治疗效果如下表：
| 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | |
| 实施例一 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| 实施例二 | 6 | 4 | 0 |
| 实施例三 | 4 | 5 | 1 |
根据临床试验证明添加藿香的蜂胶蜜膏具有较好的缓解感冒病症、提高人体免疫力的功效。
（七）、添加山药的蜂胶蜜膏对于缓解胃痛具有一定的功效，对此进行了临床试验，其测试指标的依据为：
显效：食用一个月后胃痛症状消失。
有效：食用一个月后胃痛症状缓解。
无效：食用一个月后胃痛症状无明显改善。
现挑选10名胃痛患者，将实施例1-3中蜂胶蜜膏分别给每位患者食用，食用方法为：每日两次，每次10g，连续5天。其治疗效果如下表：
| 显效 | 有效 | 无效 |
[0105]
| 实施例一 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| 实施例二 | 6 | 4 | 0 |
| 实施例三 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
由此可见添加山药的蜂胶蜜膏对于缓解胃痛具有较好的功效。
通过针对于多种药食同源食材的临床效果试验可见应用本发明中的工艺制成的含有植物精华的蜂胶蜜膏使各组分中的营养很好的融合，实现了保健功效的最大化。
以上对本发明的多个实施例进行了详细说明，但所述内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例，不能被认为用于限定本发明的实施范围。凡依本发明申请范围所作的均等变化与改进等，均应仍归属于本发明的专利涵盖范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.富含植物精华的蜂胶蜜膏，其特征在于：包括如下重量份数的各组分：
2.根据权利要求1所述的富含植物精华的蜂胶蜜膏，其特征在于：所述药食同源的食材包括山药、山楂、乌梅、木瓜、甘草、白芷、白果、桂圆、决明子、百合、杏仁、沙棘、阿胶、枣、金银花、姜、枸杞子、胖大海、桑椹、莲子、葛根、藿香。
3.如权利要求1所述的富含植物精华的蜂胶蜜膏的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
（1）将所述药食同源的食材洗净、破碎后进行真空冷冻干燥；
（2）将步骤（1）中真空冷冻干燥后的所述药食同源的食材进行粗粉碎；
（3）将步骤（2）粗粉碎后的所述药食同源的食材进行超微粉碎至10-25μm；
（4）将步骤（3）中超微粉碎后的所述药食同源的食材、蜂蜜、蜂胶、维生素C混合搅拌后进行均质；
（5）均质后进行灌装、巴氏杀菌。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法，其特征在于：巴氏杀菌的条件为55℃杀菌30min。
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| CN104366178A (zh) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-02-25 | 淳安千岛湖鸣泉谷农业开发有限公司 | 一种蜂王浆蜜及其制备方法 |
| CN104489447A (zh) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-04-08 | 杨连金 | 一种蜂产品 |
| CN106820030A (zh) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-06-13 | 天津海润蜂业有限公司 | 一种乌梅山楂蜂蜜膏及其生产方法 |
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