CN103750053A - Trace-element block special for calves and preparation method of trace-element block - Google Patents
Trace-element block special for calves and preparation method of trace-element block Download PDFInfo
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- CN103750053A CN103750053A CN201410031181.4A CN201410031181A CN103750053A CN 103750053 A CN103750053 A CN 103750053A CN 201410031181 A CN201410031181 A CN 201410031181A CN 103750053 A CN103750053 A CN 103750053A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a trace-element block special for calves. The trace-element block comprises the following components in parts by weight: 700-850 parts of table salt, 100-120 parts of rock flour, 28-38 parts of light calcium carbonate with the calcium mass ratio of 39.2%, 15-20 parts of copper sulfate with the copper mass ratio of 25%, 16-21 parts of zinc sulfate with the zinc mass ratio of 34.5%, 13-18 parts of manganese sulfate with the manganum mass ratio of 31.8%, 6-10 parts of potassium iodide with the potassium mass ratio of 2%, 1-5 parts of sodium selenite with the sodium mass ratio of 1%, 0-3 parts of cobalt chloride with the cobalt mass ratio of 1% and 14-20 parts of ferrous sulfate with the ferrum mass ratio of 30%. The quantity of trace elements in the block is selected, and superfluous elements are prevented from being added, so that the adding cost of the trace elements can be reduced, and the environment pollution caused by aimless excessive addition can be avoided; meanwhile, the content ratio of mineral elements in the calves can be relatively regulated, so that the growth and the development of the calves can be exerted to the maximum extent, and test results show that the effect is remarkable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one and lick brick formula.
Background technology
Calf is at growth and development stage, and health is being grown up fast, needs a large amount of nutriment trace elements to supply with, and the micro-requirement of calf also differs from Adult Bovine, and the calf of fast growing period is very high to the demand of copper, iron, manganese, zinc.But because calf feed is single, digestion and absorption function is poor,, easily there is trace element deficiency or imbalance in the part mineral element that grows essential insufficiency of intake as general in copper, iron, zinc, manganese etc.Main manifestations is for growing slowly, disorderly thick by hair, licks the allotriophagy phenomenons such as soil, hair quite serious.Because calf immunity, resistance decline, the diseases such as calf diarrhea, flu, pneumonia often occur, and cause calf survival rate to reduce.Owing to being that the nutritional deficiencies such as trace element cause, medication effect is not obvious.Calf trace element is licked brick, the large characteristic of micro-demand during growing for calf specially, the micronutrient levels of development abundant the special brick of licking of calf.And the mode that feeding calf micro-element nutrition is licked brick, the trace element that supplementary calf lacks is effective nutritional supplementation method.
Animal husbandry worker has carried out a large amount of relevant trace elements and has licked the relevant test of brick in recent years, has obtained certain achievement.Now there is the multiple brick technology of licking open.As Chinese patent 200810003630.9 provides a kind of brick of licking that is used for the treatment of animal nutrient metabolism disease, this patent is licked and in brick, is contained molasses 250～300g, urea 100～150g at per kilogram, salt 200～250g, quick lime 50～70g, wheat bran 70～75g, bentonite 200～250g, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 125～150g, zinc sulfate 5.2～7.145g, copper sulphate 2～3g, KI 0.7～0.815g, sodium selenite 0.7～0.87g, cobalt chloride 0.5～0.65g, vitamin 50g, expelling parasite digestive powder 100g.
Chinese patent 200610146615.0 provides a kind of compounding nutrition mineral block for ruminant and preparation technology thereof, per kilogram is licked and in brick, is contained calcium monohydrogen phosphate 219～328g, zinc element 2.5～3.75g, copper 0.75～1.125g, I 0.025～0.038g, selenium element 0.02～0.03g, cobalt element 0.01～0.015g, salt 250g, urea 150g, curing agent 70～100g and binding agent 200～300g.This patent of invention is to design for Ningxia, China ruminant.
Chinese patent 200510088027.1 provides a kind of nutrient-balance composite licking brick for cattle and sheep and preparation technology, per kilogram is licked brick sulfur acid zinc 0.15～0.3g, copper sulphate 0.1～0.2g, manganese sulfate 0.2～0.3g, sodium selenite 0.01～0.02g, KI 0.01～0.3g, cobalt chloride 0.03～0.06g, magnesia 0.1～0.3g, nano zine oxide and copper sulphate mix 0.02～0.04 g, sodium sulphate 30～150g, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 40～80g, nicotinate chromium 0.2～1g, carrier 50～200g, salt 150～300g, curing agent 200～300g, molasses 20～80g, urea 50～200g, expanded corn powder 20～80g, physiological regulating control agent 20～80g, vitamin premix 10～60g.
Chinese patent 200510088028.1 provides a kind of mineral substance composite licking brick for cattle and sheep and preparation technology thereof, per kilogram is licked brick sulfur acid ferrous iron 0.15～0.3g, zinc sulfate 0.15～0.3g, copper sulphate 0.1～0.2g, manganese sulfate 0.2～0.3g, sodium selenite 0.01～0.02g, KI 0.05～0.3g, cobalt chloride 0.03～0.08g, magnesia 0.1～0.3g, nano zine oxide and cupric sulphate mixture 0.02～0.03g, nicotinate chromium 6～10g, sodium sulphate 30～150g, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 40～100g, salt 200～400g, curing agent 200～400g, carrier 50～200g, molasses 30～70g, mineral matter and carrier are stirred and evenly mixed and add salt and red glue soil to stir, more compressing and get final product after adding molasses to stir.
Above prior art is for the special brick of licking of adult ruminant, do not consider that calf growth and development stage is to micro-requirement, when calf grows up fast, need continual supplementary a large amount of trace element just can maintain the normal need of body, calf trace element is licked the micronutrient levels of brick, just can reach the requirement during calf grows.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome existing defect, provides the calf special microelement of the calf that is more suitable for growth and development stage to lick brick.
Object of the present invention is carried out specific implementation by the following technical programs:
A kind of calf special microelement is licked brick, comprises following component:
By weight, 700 ~ 850 parts of salt, 100 ~ 120 parts of stone flours, 28 ~ 38 parts of the precipitated calcium carbonates of calcic mass ratio 39.2%, 15 ~ 20 parts, the copper sulphate of cupric mass ratio 25%, containing 16 ~ 21 parts, the zinc sulfate of zinc mass ratio 34.5%, containing 13 ~ 18 parts of the manganese sulfates of manganese mass ratio 31.8%, containing 6 ~ 10 parts of the KIs of potassium mass ratio 2%, containing 1 ~ 5 part of the sodium selenite of sodium mass ratio 1%, containing 0 ~ 3 part of cobalt mass ratio 1% cobalt chloride, 14 ~ 20 parts, the ferrous sulfate of iron content mass ratio 30%.
As preferred version, above-mentioned calf special microelement is licked brick, comprises following component:
By weight, 800 parts of salt, 110 parts of stone flours, 32 parts of the precipitated calcium carbonates of calcic mass ratio 39.2%, 17 parts, the copper sulphate of cupric mass ratio 25%, containing 18.5 parts, the zinc sulfate of zinc mass ratio 34.5%, containing 15 parts of the manganese sulfates of manganese mass ratio 31.8%, containing 7 parts of the KIs of potassium mass ratio 2%, containing 4.5 parts of the sodium selenites of sodium mass ratio 1%, containing 2.5 parts of cobalt mass ratio 1% cobalt chlorides, 15 parts, the ferrous sulfate of iron content mass ratio 30%.
Above-mentioned calf special microelement is licked the preparation method of brick, and after each component is mixed by weight and mixed, the round pie that is suppressed into five kilogram weights is licked brick.
calf trace element is licked the contrast test of the impact of brick on calf:
1 materials and methods
1.1 lick brick for examination calf trace element
This is tested calf trace element used and licks brick and lick brick by the homemade calf special microelement of Lanzhou Livestock and Animal Drug Inst., Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, its component by weight, 800 parts of salt, 110 parts of stone flours, 32 parts of the precipitated calcium carbonates of calcic mass ratio 39.2%, 17 parts, the copper sulphate of cupric mass ratio 25%, containing 18.5 parts, the zinc sulfate of zinc mass ratio 34.5%, containing 15 parts of the manganese sulfates of manganese mass ratio 31.8%, containing 7 parts of the KIs of potassium mass ratio 2%, containing 4.5 parts of the sodium selenites of sodium mass ratio 1%, containing 2.5 parts of cobalt mass ratio 1% cobalt chlorides, 15 parts, the ferrous sulfate of iron content mass ratio 30%.Lick brick and be cylindric, every heavy 5kg, contains microelements of calcium, copper, zinc, manganese, iron, iodine, selenium, cobalt trace element.
1.2 test sites and confession examination cows
Select the Tian Chen of Gansu Province animal husbandry Co., Ltd, to 60 He Sitan calves, age-based, parity etc. is divided into test group and control group at random, and 30 every group, age in days, parity, body weight and the health status of 2 groups of calves are close.In Table 1.
Table 1 is for examination calf basic condition
1.3 experimental design
Test adopts single-factor design, chooses experiment with 60 calves, is divided at random two groups.
1.4 test method
In test Niu Caiyong sealing drylot feeding, raise jube location, experimental group, test group basic calf material 2 kg that feed, and supplementary feeding calf trace element is licked brick, and 1 of every 2 ox lick arbitrarily; The ensilage corn stover silage 5-10kg that rule of thumb feeds every every day, wheat straw 2kg free choice feeding, by head metering, freely drink water, and the incidence of disease of calf calf serum trace element change, changes of weight, main trace element metabolic disease is added up in experiment front and back.The control group calf mode of feeding is identical with experimental group, and supplementary feeding is not licked brick.Experimental period 3 months.
1.5 sample analysis
The elementary analysis of calf Blood Trace, uses Jena, Germany atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
1.6 data processing
Adopt spss10.0 to carry out statistical disposition to all data.
2 results and analysis
2.1 calf trace elements are licked the impact of brick on calf Trace Elements in Blood
Result of the test is in Table 2.
As can be seen from Table 2, before and after experiment, in calf serum, trace element is significantly improved.Before experiment, within 30 days, 60 days, detect the elements such as Mn, Cu in serum, Zn, Se, situation of change is as follows:
Table 2 calf licks the affect unit of brick on microelement level in calf serum: μ g/ml
Note: * represent test group compare with control group significant difference (
p<0.05); * represent test group compare with control group difference extremely significantly (
p<0.01).
2.2 calf trace elements are licked the impact of brick on calf body weight
Result of the test is in Table 3
As can be seen from Table 3, experimental session is under same raising condition, and 0.397 kilogram of experimental group average daily gain, than 0.102 kilogram of control group weightening finish more than 0.295 kilogram.
Table 3 calf lick the impact of brick on calf daily gain (
± SD; Unit: kg)
Note: * represent test group compare with control group significant difference (
p<0.05).
2.3 calf trace elements are licked the impact of brick on calf main metabolic disease
Result of the test is in Table 4.As can be seen from Table 4, calf trace element is licked brick and can significantly reduce the incidence of disease of calf allotriophagy.
Table 4 calf trace element is licked the impact of brick on calf allotriophagy
3 conclusions and discussion
this result of the test shows, calf trace element is licked brick can obviously improve micronutrient levels in calf serum, under equal raising condition; experimental group calf growth level improves, and weightening finish is obvious, because the general level of the health improves; calf is vivaciously active, and hair color is shinny, and the allotriophagy incidence of disease reduces.It is a kind of good auxiliary fodder additive during calf grows that calf trace element is licked brick.
this invention calf trace element is licked brick safety evaluatio
Acute toxicity test: the security of licking brick for evaluating calf trace element, by 70 of the Kunming kind healthy mices of body weight in 8 week age in age (18.2 ± 3.8) g (male and female half and half), is divided into 7 groups, 1 control group, 6 dose drug groups at random.Above-mentioned trace element is licked to brick and pulverize, cross 120 mesh sieves, the dosage gavage of pressing respectively 5g/kg, 10g/kg, 20g/kg, 40g/kg, 60g/kg, 80g/kg, observes 7 days, records dead mouse number, tries to achieve LD
50for 68.3g/kg, 95% credibility interval is 17.2 ~ 70.5g/kg.
Long term toxicity test: 70 of the mouse of above-mentioned equal conditions, 10 every group, respectively with LD
501/9,1/8,1/7,1/6,1/5,1/4 dosage be added in mouse daily ration, and establish a control group, feed 3 months.Result: (1), in 10 d, small white mouse weightening finish is negative correlation with addition; (2) in liver and blood sample, micronutrient levels is all proportionate with additive capacity; (3), when test 90 d, control group and test group mouse are all without obviously visible pathological change.Micro-Microscopic observation: 1/4 LD
50dosage group mouse liver cell be granular degeneration, karyopyknosis, necrosis, part plasmolysis forms cavity, nucleus propagation obviously, central vein expansion.Glomerulus hyperemia, expansion, renal tubule tube chamber is narrow or closed, epithelial cell swelling, wall of the lumen cell degeneration.
Conclusion: calf trace element is licked brick and can be significantly improved calf and grow, and improves the content of trace element in calf serum, reduces the incidence of disease of calf allotriophagy; Suitably the calf trace element of dosage is licked the grown facilitation of brick to small white mouse, and the calf trace element of high dose is licked brick and affected it and grow, and can cause histocyte to have slight damage.
Mouse toxicity test shows, the dosage that calf trace element is licked brick is during lower than 17.08g/kg, and in 90 d, mouse tissue structure is not found obvious pathological change; LD
50for 68.3g/kg, 95% credibility interval is 17.2 ~ 70.5g/kg.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention is to detect Gansu to the selection of licked brick trace element amount, 85 portions, Qinghai forage, in 20 parts of water samples and 150 calf blood and 120 portions of milk after trace element, local fodder grass and water sample have been taken into full account, milk, background values in calf blood, pass through again feeding experiment, after constantly adjusting formula rate, finally determine, avoided the interpolation of unnecessary element, not only can reduce trace element interpolation cost but also can prevent because blindly adding and cause the excessive pollution to environment, can regulate better the Mineral Concentrations ratio in calf body simultaneously, make growing of calf can obtain maximum performance, result of the test effect is remarkable.
The specific embodiment
Below the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein, only for description and interpretation the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
embodiment 1:
A kind of calf special microelement is licked brick, comprises following component:
By weight, 800 parts of salt, 110 parts of stone flours, 32 parts of the precipitated calcium carbonates of calcic mass ratio 39.2%, 17 parts, the copper sulphate of cupric mass ratio 25%, containing 18.5 parts, the zinc sulfate of zinc mass ratio 34.5%, containing 15 parts of the manganese sulfates of manganese mass ratio 31.8%, containing 7 parts of the KIs of potassium mass ratio 2%, containing 4.5 parts of the sodium selenites of sodium mass ratio 1%, containing 2.5 parts of cobalt mass ratio 1% cobalt chlorides, 15 parts, the ferrous sulfate of iron content mass ratio 30%.
Its preparation method is: after each component is mixed by weight and mixed, the round pie that is suppressed into five kilogram weights is licked brick.
?
embodiment 2:
A kind of calf special microelement is licked brick, comprises following component:
By weight, 700 parts of salt, 120 parts of stone flours, 28 parts of the precipitated calcium carbonates of calcic mass ratio 39.2%, 20 parts, the copper sulphate of cupric mass ratio 25%, containing 16 parts, the zinc sulfate of zinc mass ratio 34.5%, containing 18 parts of the manganese sulfates of manganese mass ratio 31.8%, containing 6 parts of the KIs of potassium mass ratio 2%, containing 5 parts of the sodium selenites of sodium mass ratio 1%, 20 parts, the ferrous sulfate of iron content mass ratio 30%.
Its preparation method is: after each component is mixed by weight and mixed, the round pie that is suppressed into five kilogram weights is licked brick.
embodiment 3:
A kind of calf special microelement is licked brick, comprises following component:
By weight, 850 parts of salt, 100 parts of stone flours, 38 parts of the precipitated calcium carbonates of calcic mass ratio 39.2%, 15 parts, the copper sulphate of cupric mass ratio 25%, containing 21 parts, the zinc sulfate of zinc mass ratio 34.5%, containing 13 parts of the manganese sulfates of manganese mass ratio 31.8%, containing 10 parts of the KIs of potassium mass ratio 2%, containing 1 part of the sodium selenite of sodium mass ratio 1%, containing 3 parts of cobalt mass ratio 1% cobalt chlorides, 14 parts, the ferrous sulfate of iron content mass ratio 30%.
Its preparation method is: after each component is mixed by weight and mixed, the round pie that is suppressed into five kilogram weights is licked brick.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, for a person skilled in the art, its technical scheme that still can record aforementioned each embodiment is modified, or part technical characterictic is wherein equal to replacement.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. calf special microelement is licked a brick, it is characterized in that: comprise following component:
By weight, 700 ~ 850 parts of salt, 100 ~ 120 parts of stone flours, 28 ~ 38 parts of the precipitated calcium carbonates of calcic mass ratio 39.2%, 15 ~ 20 parts, the copper sulphate of cupric mass ratio 25%, containing 16 ~ 21 parts, the zinc sulfate of zinc mass ratio 34.5%, containing 13 ~ 18 parts of the manganese sulfates of manganese mass ratio 31.8%, containing 6 ~ 10 parts of the KIs of potassium mass ratio 2%, containing 1 ~ 5 part of the sodium selenite of sodium mass ratio 1%, containing 0 ~ 3 part of cobalt mass ratio 1% cobalt chloride, 14 ~ 20 parts, the ferrous sulfate of iron content mass ratio 30%.
2. calf special microelement according to claim 1 is licked brick, it is characterized in that: comprise following component:
By weight, 800 parts of salt, 110 parts of stone flours, 32 parts of the precipitated calcium carbonates of calcic mass ratio 39.2%, 17 parts, the copper sulphate of cupric mass ratio 25%, containing 18.5 parts, the zinc sulfate of zinc mass ratio 34.5%, containing 15 parts of the manganese sulfates of manganese mass ratio 31.8%, containing 7 parts of the KIs of potassium mass ratio 2%, containing 4.5 parts of the sodium selenites of sodium mass ratio 1%, containing 2.5 parts of cobalt mass ratio 1% cobalt chlorides, 15 parts, the ferrous sulfate of iron content mass ratio 30%.
3. the preparation method that calf special microelement according to claim 1 and 2 is licked brick, is characterized in that: after each component is mixed by weight and mixed, the round pie that is suppressed into five kilogram weights is licked brick.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN104543403A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-29 | 河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Special vitamin and mineral nutrition compound disease-preventing preparation for cattle fattening and weight-gaining |
| CN104938790A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-09-30 | 甘肃天利达生物科技有限责任公司 | Mineral trace element nutrition lick block for cattle and sheep |
| CN107156461A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-09-15 | 广汉隆达饲料有限公司 | The compound premixed feed of calf cud development is promoted to lick brick |
| CN107259176A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-10-20 | 广汉隆达饲料有限公司 | Fowl pecks brick |
| CN108835376A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-20 | 陈学聪 | A kind of calf licks brick and preparation method |
| CN110063411A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-30 | 宁夏荣华牧业控股有限公司 | Calf is dedicated to lick brick and preparation method |
| CN110859246A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-03-06 | 广西壮族自治区水牛研究所 | Buffalo calf licking brick and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1305733A (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2001-08-01 | 新疆盐湖化工厂 | Composite licking brick for animal husbandry |
| CN102960573A (en) * | 2012-12-09 | 2013-03-13 | 兰州大学 | Grazing sheep and cattle mineral-element lapping brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN103355508A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-10-23 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | Special nutrient block for dairy cows in Qinghai-Xizang region and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1305733A (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2001-08-01 | 新疆盐湖化工厂 | Composite licking brick for animal husbandry |
| CN103355508A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-10-23 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | Special nutrient block for dairy cows in Qinghai-Xizang region and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104543403A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-29 | 河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Special vitamin and mineral nutrition compound disease-preventing preparation for cattle fattening and weight-gaining |
| CN104543403B (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2018-01-19 | 河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | It is exclusively used in the vitamin and the compound prophylactic preparation of mineral matter nutritional of beef ox fattening weightening |
| CN104938790A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-09-30 | 甘肃天利达生物科技有限责任公司 | Mineral trace element nutrition lick block for cattle and sheep |
| CN107259176A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-10-20 | 广汉隆达饲料有限公司 | Fowl pecks brick |
| CN107156461A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-09-15 | 广汉隆达饲料有限公司 | The compound premixed feed of calf cud development is promoted to lick brick |
| CN108835376A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-20 | 陈学聪 | A kind of calf licks brick and preparation method |
| CN110063411A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-30 | 宁夏荣华牧业控股有限公司 | Calf is dedicated to lick brick and preparation method |
| CN110859246A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-03-06 | 广西壮族自治区水牛研究所 | Buffalo calf licking brick and preparation method thereof |
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