CN101978856B - Complex nutrient additive block special for yaks - Google Patents
Complex nutrient additive block special for yaks Download PDFInfo
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- CN101978856B CN101978856B CN2010105515788A CN201010551578A CN101978856B CN 101978856 B CN101978856 B CN 101978856B CN 2010105515788 A CN2010105515788 A CN 2010105515788A CN 201010551578 A CN201010551578 A CN 201010551578A CN 101978856 B CN101978856 B CN 101978856B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a block for the nutrient balance and health of special livestock yaks under the low-oxygen condition of the Tibet plateau, which consists of the components of molasses, urea, salt, corn flour, calcium hydrogen phosphate, bentonite, oligosaccharide, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulphate, potassium iodide, sodium selenite and cobalt chloride. The block provides mineral elements and crude proteins of which the yaks are lack due to unbalanced ingestion, improves the constitution of the yaks, enhances disease resistance, reduces the using amount of antibiotics, and also can increase the hemoglobin content of the blood of the yaks to further improve the adaptability of the yaks to a low-oxygen environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of animal feed, be used in particular for peculiar domestic animal yak nutrient balance and the healthy brick of licking under the Qinghai-Tibet hypoxia condition.
Background technology
Yak is one of China's three large ox kinds (all the other two kinds are ox and buffalo), grow in the extremely frigid zones of height above sea level more than 3000 meters, the low temperature environment that ability is subzero 30 ℃-40 ℃, be the advantage domestic animal in Qinghai-Tibet high height above sea level hypoxemia area and work as Domestic Livestock, also be can adapt to the Alpine cold and hypoxia environment in the bovine animals and the rare poultry kind resource that continues into the present, world's animal geographical plot one of very limited minority domestic animal that distributes especially.China is the cradle of yak, and yak quantity occupies more than 80% of the world total at present, ranks first in the world.Yak is not only the main means of transport of Tibetan Herdsmen, and is the supplier of the means of livelihood such as herdsman's meat, milk, fuel (cow dung), the especially supplier of the means of production such as clothes, tent and leather.Therefore the healthy growth and development of yak is important matter of science and technology concerning the local people's livelihood and improve yak adaptation hypoxemia psychro-environment.
The Qinghai-Tibet Platean low temperature environment makes soil microbial activities lower, organic substance decomposing is slow, readily available nutrient of soil content is low, particularly soluble salt content is lower, and the herbage content of ashes is low, so Yak Growth is grown the general insufficiency of intakes such as essential part mineral element such as sodium, calcium, zinc, selenium, it is quite serious to lick allotriophagy phenomenon such as soil hair etc., and the uneven various diseases that easily produces of mineral element in the body, abuse of antibiotics is more, the quality of meat and milk is produced have a strong impact on.The Major Foods resource nutgrass flatsedge plant protein content of yak is on the low side simultaneously, and crude fiber content is higher, and digestibility is low, and it is higher that yak produces methane and carbon dioxide.So under the double action of soil mineral nutrient and Forage Germplasm Resources, the Grazing Yak poor growth.Our result of study shows, the yak test group live-weight loss of the special nutrition of supplementary feeding only is 2.74kg, and control group is 8.8kg, the sick rate of yak reduces more than 80%, Qinghai-Tibet hypoxemia high altitude localities is described, the healthy growth and development of supplementary feeding nutrition guarantee yak need to be provided at harsh and very long winter-spring season.
The special brick of licking of available technology adopting is a kind of ideal and effective method to the additional easily shortage of the Livestocks such as cattle and sheep nutrient.Now there has been the multiple brick technology of licking open.
Chinese invention patent 200510088027.1 provides a kind of nutrient-balance composite licking brick for cattle and sheep and preparation technology thereof.The brick of licking at per kilogram in this patent contains: zinc sulfate 0.15-0.3g, copper sulphate 0.1-0.2g, manganese sulfate 0.2-0.3g, sodium selenite 0.01-0.02g, KI 0.01-0.3g, cobalt chloride 0.03-0.06g, magnesia 0.1-0.3g, nano zine oxide and cupric sulphate mixture 0.02-0.04g, sodium sulphate 30-150g, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 40-80g, nicotinate chromium 0.2-1g, carrier 50-200g, salt 150-300g, curing agent 200-300g, molasses 20-80g, urea 50-200g, expanded corn powder 20-80g, physiological regulating control agent 20-80g, vitamin premix 10-60g.
Chinese invention patent 200510070345.5 discloses a kind of complemental feed nutritious brick for barn feeding and half barn feeding, and its component comprises wheat bran, urea, molasses, salt, sodium humate, Bacitracin Zinc, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate, starch, silica, zeolite powder, microelement pre-mix material and vitamin premix.Disclose according to this patent, this complemental feed nutritious brick for barn feeding and half barn feeding nutritional labeling is complete, to regulating livestock organism physiology and digestion and absorption function, the immunocompetence of raising livestock and diseases prevention, resistance against diseases, effect highly significant.
Above prior art is the special feed for low height above sea level and hyperoxia area ox, do not consider the high height above sea level of yak and growth thereof and the characteristics in hypoxemia area, the problem that improves of the food quality such as Yak Meat and milk particularly, therefore above-mentioned technology can't solve the problem that exists in the yak nutrition supplementary feeding in the Qinghai-Tibet specific territorial environment of the high height above sea level of hypoxemia.At present in the yak in Qinghai-tibet growth and development process, exist main plant resource crude protein deficiency and digestibility is low, mine trace element is uneven, the problem of abuse of antibiotics.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of yak specific complex additive agent licking brick prescription, it not only provides uneven mineral element and the crude protein content that lacks of ingesting to yak, and improve yak physique and enhance disease resistance, reduce the antibiotic use amount, more content of hemoglobin promotes the ability that yak adapts to low-oxygen environment in the yak blood by improving, thereby realize the yak healthy growth, improve the quality of Yak Meat and milk, reach the purpose that increases production and improves productivity.
Complex nutrient additive block special for yaks component of the present invention and formulation weight are such as lower: molasses 12%～20%, urea 8%～17%, salt 15%～35%, corn flour 5%～18%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 5%～15%, bentonite 5%～20%, oligosaccharides 0.50%～2.50%, zinc sulfate 0.50%～1.50%, ferrous sulfate 0.5%～1.2%, KI 0.01%～0.02%, sodium selenite 0.01%～0.02%, cobalt chloride 0.01%～0.02%.
Through repetition test and screening, best three kinds of complex nutrient additive block special for yaks components and prescription under the present invention, wherein:
The first complex nutrient additive block special for yaks is used for overcoming the allotriophagy of Qinghai-Tibet Grazing Yak, and its component and formulation weight ratio are: molasses 12%～15%, urea 13%～15%, salt 20%～25%, corn flour 10%～16%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 6%～10%, bentonite 10%～20%, oligosaccharides 1.50%～2.00%, zinc sulfate 0.50%～1.50%, ferrous sulfate 0.50%～1.00%, KI 0.01%, sodium selenite 0.02%, cobalt chloride 0.01%.
The second complex nutrient additive block special for yaks is mainly used in solving the problem that the winter-spring season yak is lost flesh, and its component and formulation weight ratio are: molasses 15%～18%, urea 8%～13%, salt 30%～35%, corn flour 5%～10%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 6%～11%, bentonite 5%～10%, oligosaccharides 0.50%～1.00%, zinc sulfate 0.50%～1.00%, ferrous sulfate 0.60%～1.10%, KI 0.02%, sodium selenite 0.02%, cobalt chloride 0.02%.
The third complex nutrient additive block special for yaks is used for the yak of fattening period, and its component and formulation weight ratio are: molasses 17%～19%, urea 14%～17%, salt 15%～20%, corn flour 15%～18%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 9%～12%, bentonite 12%～15%, oligosaccharides 2.00%～2.50%, zinc sulfate 0.80%～1.20%, ferrous sulfate 0.70%～1.20%, KI 0.01%, sodium selenite 0.01%, cobalt chloride 0.01%.
The present invention is directed to the characteristics of Qinghai-Tibetan plateau soil mineral element and food resource, emphasis replenishes trace quantity mineral substance element and the urea such as zinc, iron, iodine, selenium and cobalt, to eliminate allotriophagy to the adverse effect of yak, the allotriophagy incidence is down to below 3.3%, content of hemoglobin increases 5%-10% in the blood, and the death rate that causes because of allotriophagy is zero substantially.The present invention improves the fodder grass digestibility, and content of hemoglobin strengthens the ability of its suitable low-oxygen environment in the lifting yak blood.The oligosaccharides intestines and stomach conditioning agent component of uniqueness among the present invention, not only breed Bifidobacterium and other beneficial bacterium in the Yak Rumen, the profitable strain ratio improves about 10 percentage points, reduce the knurl stomach inner pH value, suppress the growth of salmonella and spoilage organisms, improve the yak immunologic function, reduce the present situation of the excessive use of antibiotic.In addition, molasses and the calcium monohydrogen phosphate ratio of the present invention through optimizing, but the difficult problem that solution is licked the easy conditioning and loosening of brick under the drylot feeding environment by no means.
Yak specific complex nutrient health additive agent licking brick of the present invention, utilize yak self-regulation function, carry out regular and chronicity is licked to being rich in the abundant cubed feed additive of nutriment, obtain replenishing of the nutrients such as soluble nitrogen, soluble-carbohydrate, trace element and vitamin, improve the cud microenvironment, beneficial microbe in the propagation cud, and then increase feed intake and the digestion, absorption and the utilization that promote all feeds, particularly fibrous feedstuff.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, balance of the present invention is replenished the mineral element shortage that yak forms because of environment, the generation of stopping allotriophagy;
2, the present invention can improve the Yak Rumen microbiota, improves its immunity function, reduces the antibiotic use amount;
3, the present invention replenishes the elements such as crude protein and iron, improves yak to the ability of the digestibility of Cyperaceae herbage and adaptation low-oxygen environment
4, solved from the component proportion angle and licked the loose difficult problem of the brick moisture absorption;
5, the present invention adopts the mode of feeding of freely licking, and convenience and high-efficiency is made simple, with low cost.
The specific embodiment
Below be the specific embodiment of the present invention and correlation test data:
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment complex nutrient additive block special for yaks prescription (by weight): molasses 12%～15%, urea 13%～15%, salt 20%～25%, corn flour 10%～16%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 6%～10%, bentonite 10%～20%, oligosaccharides 1.50%～2.00%, zinc sulfate 0.50%～1.50%, ferrous sulfate 0.50%～1.00%, KI 0.01%, sodium selenite 0.02%, cobalt chloride 0.01%.
Its preparation is:
1. raw material is for subsequent use by prescription requirement weighing;
2. preliminary treatment 1:
Use the molasses wrap urea, stir after adding respectively salt and corn flour;
3. preliminary treatment 2:
Bentonite with after calcium monohydrogen phosphate mixes, is added oligosaccharides, ferrous sulfate, KI, sodium selenite, vitamin A, vitamin D etc. and stirs;
4. two kinds of preliminary treatment material evenly mix;
5. briquet.
Present embodiment is mainly used in eliminating yak allotriophagy phenomenon.The test show when yak day the amount of licking be the 50g/ head, the incidence of allotriophagy phenomenon is down to below 3.3% by 26.6%, content of hemoglobin is increased to 134g/L from 126g/L in the blood.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment complex nutrient additive block special for yaks prescription (by weight): molasses 15%～18%, urea 8%～13%, salt 30%～35%, corn flour 5%～10%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 6%～11%, bentonite 5%～10%, oligosaccharides 0.50%～1.00%, zinc sulfate 0.50%～1.00%, ferrous sulfate 0.60%～1.10%, KI 0.02%, sodium selenite 0.02%, cobalt chloride 0.02%.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Present embodiment is mainly used in alleviating the phenomenon of losing flesh of winter-spring season yak.Test show when yak day the amount of licking be the 50g/ head, can make body mineral element balance, yak Body weight loss amplitude reduces that content of hemoglobin is increased to 130.9g/L from 119g/L in 5% left and right sides blood.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment complex nutrient additive block special for yaks prescription (by weight): molasses 17%～19%, urea 14%～17%, salt 15%～20%, corn flour 15%～18%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 9%～12%, bentonite 12%～15%, oligosaccharides 2.00%～2.50%, zinc sulfate 0.80%～1.20%, ferrous sulfate 0.70%～1.20%, KI 0.01%, sodium selenite 0.01%, cobalt chloride 0.01%.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Present embodiment is mainly used in yak and delivers for sale front fast well-fattened.Test shows that in fattening period when yak day, the amount of licking was 60g/, the yak average daily gain can improve more than 3%, and content of hemoglobin is increased to 135g/L from 125g/L in the blood.
Claims (3)
1. a composite nutrient additive that is used for elimination yak allotriophagy phenomenon is licked brick, the weight ratio that it is characterized in that licking the brick component is molasses 12%～15%, urea 13%～15%, salt 20%～25%, corn flour 10%～16%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 6%～10%, bentonite 10%～20%, oligosaccharides 1.50%～2.00%, zinc sulfate 0.50%～1.50%, ferrous sulfate 0.50%～1.00%, KI 0.01%, sodium selenite 0.02%, cobalt chloride 0.01%, and each component content sum is absolutely.
2. the phenomenon composite nutrient additive of losing flesh that is used for alleviation winter-spring season yak is licked brick, the weight ratio that it is characterized in that licking the brick component is molasses 15%～18%, urea 8%～13%, salt 30%～35%, corn flour 5%～10%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 6%～11%, bentonite 5%～10%, oligosaccharides 0.50%～1.00%, zinc sulfate 0.50%～1.00%, ferrous sulfate 0.60%～1.10%, KI 0.02%, sodium selenite 0.02%, cobalt chloride 0.02%, and each component content sum is absolutely.
3. one kind is used for yak and delivers front fast well-fattened composite nutrient additive for sale and lick brick, the weight ratio that it is characterized in that licking the brick component is molasses 17%～19%, urea 14%～17%, salt 15%～20%, corn flour 15%～18%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 9%～12%, bentonite 12%～15%, oligosaccharides 2.00%～2.50%, zinc sulfate 0.80%～1.20%, ferrous sulfate 0.70%～1.20%, KI 0.01%, sodium selenite 0.01%, cobalt chloride 0.01%, and each component content sum is absolutely.
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| CN2010105515788A CN101978856B (en) | 2010-11-13 | 2010-11-13 | Complex nutrient additive block special for yaks |
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| CN2010105515788A CN101978856B (en) | 2010-11-13 | 2010-11-13 | Complex nutrient additive block special for yaks |
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| CN101978856B true CN101978856B (en) | 2013-04-17 |
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| CN102132787B (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2012-10-10 | 兰州大学 | Mineral substance nutrient licking brick specially used for Tibet yaks, and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102172263B (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2013-12-04 | 兰州大学 | Special concentrated compound nutritive licking block for Tibet yak and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102524563A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2012-07-04 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | Multi-nutrient lick block for reducing methane release of rumen of grazed yak and preparation method thereof |
| CN102578377A (en) * | 2012-02-03 | 2012-07-18 | 广州希望饲料有限公司 | Licking block, preparation method of same and fence being furnished with licking block |
| CN103355508B (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2015-04-08 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | Special nutrient block for dairy cows in Qinghai-Xizang region and preparation method thereof |
| CN102657291A (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2012-09-12 | 宁夏大学 | Cold season nutrition-balanced compound yak block and technology for producing same |
| CN103070299B (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-05-14 | 西北农林科技大学 | Immunonutrition block for yaks |
| CN103948624B (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2016-07-06 | 甘孜藏族自治州畜牧业科学研究所 | Strong fat agent of a kind of yak disease-resistant growth-promoting and preparation method thereof |
| CN104585559A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-05-06 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院 | Special nutrition lick brick suitable for fattening yaks in Tibetan farming areas and preparation method of special nutrition lick brick |
| CN104686868B (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2017-12-01 | 四川农业大学 | Yak deadlock ox specific complex Chinese herbal medicine licks brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN105211600A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-01-06 | 乌鲁木齐格莱克工程技术有限公司 | Ruminant chitosan oligosaccharide nutrition lap brick and production technology thereof |
| CN107125458A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-05 | 香格里拉市碧塔海养殖农民专业合作社 | The composite nutrient licking brick and its production method of suitable Yak Growth |
| CN107581368A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-16 | 陕西杨凌瑞祺生物科技有限公司 | A kind of yak 5% premix and preparation method and application |
| CN107667973A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-02-09 | 孝感市鲁建农业开发有限公司 | A kind of yak cultural method |
| CN110063411A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-30 | 宁夏荣华牧业控股有限公司 | Calf is dedicated to lick brick and preparation method |
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