CN103749357A - Method of producing seeds of Crassostrea hongkongensis by using gill aperture freeness as marker - Google Patents
Method of producing seeds of Crassostrea hongkongensis by using gill aperture freeness as marker Download PDFInfo
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- CN103749357A CN103749357A CN201410008859.7A CN201410008859A CN103749357A CN 103749357 A CN103749357 A CN 103749357A CN 201410008859 A CN201410008859 A CN 201410008859A CN 103749357 A CN103749357 A CN 103749357A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method of producing seeds of Crassostrea hongkongensis by using gill aperture freeness as a marker. According to the method, wild 2-year-old oysters of Crassostrea hongkongensis are taken as a basic population; dividing is performed using a number of free gill apertures as a marker; if the number of apertures is not smaller than 9, a highly free group is determined; Crassostrea hongkongensis individuals in the highly free population are used as a breeding population; group self-breeding is performed by means of gamete dissection; seed breeding and cultivation is then performed to obtain a first filial generation of the highly free group; the number of free gill apertures is continually used as a directional selection standard; the first filial generation of the highly free group is used as a parent breeding second filial generation; after the cycle goes on for generations, a new strain of Crassostrea hongkongensis having stably-inherited bill aperture freeness and excellent phenotypic character is obtained. The unique gill aperture freeness in Crassostrea hongkongensis is used as the marker, three grouping standards are determined for the first time, quantitative character and economic character are collaboratively selected, and the new strain of Crassostrea hongkongensis having significant culture advantages is obtained by directional purification.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to shellfish genetic breeding field in Yu Haiyang agricultural, be specifically related to a kind of producing method for seed take gill opening freedom as mark Hong Kong oyster.
Background technology:
Hong Kong oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis is the Main Economic kind in China's the South China coastal cultivated shellfish, like living in nearly river mouth or near have fresh water to inject brackish water region, mainly be distributed in the ground such as Guangdong, Guangxi, annual production is at more than 130 ten thousand tons, the output value is in hundred million yuan of 60-80 (China Fisheries yearbook, 2013).At present, this industry development almost adopts natural seedling to form completely, there is no high yield, the degeneration-resistant new varieties of high-quality.
China the South China coastal Main Economic oyster original name Crassostrea rivularis C.rivularis, has two kinds " types ", and one is " plain boiled pork ", and another kind is red men.Through morphosis comparison and molecular genetics analysis, the oyster of finding these two kinds of forms is two independently species.Therefore, scholars proposed (Lam., 2003 in 2003; Wang & Guo, 2004), red men type Chinese name called after Crassostrea rivularis, formal name used at school is Crassostrea ariakensis, " plain boiled pork " type is newly named as Hong Kong oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis.Due to what the research of Crassostrea rivularis was adopted in the past, be C.rivularis, the i.e. mixture of two seed oysters, so a lot of results of study are subject to certain query, are necessary again to carry out proving test for these two species, analyze the impact of two seed oyster differences and experimental result thereof.
Summary of the invention:
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Hong Kong oyster producing method for seed take gill opening freedom as mark, utilize the method can realize the combination of quantitative character and economic characters, for Hong Kong oyster high yield, new quality variety is cultivated that opportunity and new way are provided.
Hong Kong oyster producing method for seed take gill opening freedom as mark of the present invention, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A, monoid divide: using wild 2 age Hong Kong oyster as basic population, take the free number of gill opening as mark, divide, gill opening number >=9 are the monoid that highly dissociates;
B, monoid are from numerous: using Hong Kong oyster individuality of highly free monoid as reproductive population, adopt the mode of dissecting gamete to carry out monoid from numerous, then carry out seed rearing and form, the first filial generation of the monoid that obtains highly dissociating
C, monoid purifying: the first filial generation repeating step a-b of highly free monoid, continuation is take the free number of gill opening as directed selection criteria, take the first filial generation of the free monoid of the height of step b as parent propagation second filial, by some generations of such circulatory purification, can obtain gill opening freedom genetic stability, the good Hong Kong oyster new lines of phenotypic character.
In some generations described in step c, were preferably for 1～2 generation.
The present invention serves as a mark with the exclusive gill opening dissociation of Hong Kong oyster, has determined first 3 monoid criteria for classifying; Realize the collaborative selection of quantitative character and economic characters, through directed purifying, obtained Hong Kong oyster new lines with remarkable cultivation advantage.
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is Technology Roadmap of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is different gill opening free form oyster types.Note: A: free gill opening (Hong Kong oyster), B: healing gill opening (Crassostrea rivularis, long oyster, Kumamoto oyster, Portuguese oyster etc. are all these types), C: highly free monoid, D: the moderate monoid that dissociate, E: the low monoid that dissociates.
Embodiment:
Following examples are to further illustrate of the present invention, rather than limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
(a), monoid is divided: on April 28th, 2010, using derive from Shenzhen wild 2 age 1000 of Hong Kong oysters as basic population, open the right shell of oyster, then utilize the instruments such as oyster cutter, tweezers gently strip off from shell, push up to the outer embrane between closed shell flesh, find the free branchial duct of 4 row of Hong Kong oyster, and the free number of the gill opening of each oyster is different, as Fig. 2 A individuality has 6 free gill openings, and Fig. 2 B is the oyster types of populations (as Crassostrea rivularis, long oyster, Portuguese oyster, Kumamoto oyster etc.) of not dissociating completely.According to technology path Fig. 1, take the gill opening number that dissociates as mark, carry out the division of gill opening freedom, be divided into highly free monoid (gill opening number >=9, Fig. 2 C), free monoid (the 5 < gill opening number < 9 of moderate, Fig. 2 D), low free 3 monoids of monoid (gill opening number≤5, Fig. 2 E).In monoid is divided, with the free monoid ratio the highest (64.3%) of moderate, highly free monoid minimum (12.7%), during low dissociation is gregarious (24.0%).
(b), monoid was from numerous: on July 22nd, 2010, at Hong Kong oyster sexual gland in the maturing stage, using bay behind Hong Kong 1500 2 age individuality as research object, open the right shell of oyster, according to the monoid standard that the first step is definite, carry out zoning, random screening goes out each 100 the ripe individualities of the free monoid of high, medium and low degree as reproductive population, and not yet 100 individuality parents as a control group through screening are set simultaneously.As shown in table 1, high and the fresh weight of highly free monoid (the free number >=9 of gill opening) parent's shell is all greater than control group (the free number≤12 of 3≤gill opening), the free monoid (5 < gill opening number < 9) of moderate and low free monoid (the free number≤5 of gill opening), that is to say, in natural population, highly free monoid size itself is just a little more than average level.The mode of taking to dissect gamete carries out in monoid, from numerous, then at nursery, carrying out seed rearing, and behind Hong Kong, form in bay.
(c), phenotype assessment: through forming of a year and a half, as shown in table 1, discovery height dissociation all living creatures length is the fastest, survival rate is the highest, significantly faster than control group (P < 0.05); And low freedom monoid not yet shows obvious cultivation advantage.
(d), monoid purifying: in July, 2012, repeating step (a-c), again using gill opening freedom as directed selection criteria, using each monoid first filial generation F1 as parent (for the first filial generation F1 of high freedom monoid, do not meet individually the standard of the free number >=9 of gill opening, it is weeded out), population mixture in contrast, is bred the second filial F2 of monoid separately.High and low freedom monoid gill opening number all maintains previous level, and explanation can genetic stability; For the free type of moderate colony, find that its filial generation gill opening number changes.Obtain thus the second filial F2 of high freedom monoid, be gill opening freedom genetic stability, the good Hong Kong oyster new lines (table 1) of phenotypic character.
Table 1: different freedoms Hong Kong oyster monoid parent and filial generation phenotypic difference
Note: survival rate (%) is the percentage of forming stage adult quantity with respect to juvenile mollusk quantity.
Claims (2)
1. Hong Kong oyster producing method for seed take gill opening freedom as mark, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A, monoid divide: using wild 2 age Hong Kong oyster as basic population, take the free number of gill opening as mark, divide, gill opening number >=9 are the monoid that highly dissociates;
B, monoid are from numerous: using Hong Kong oyster individuality of highly free monoid as reproductive population, adopt the mode of dissecting gamete to carry out monoid from numerous, then carry out seed rearing and form, the first filial generation of the monoid that obtains highly dissociating;
C, monoid purifying: the first filial generation repeating step a-b of highly free monoid, continuation is take the free number of gill opening as directed selection criteria, take the first filial generation of the free monoid of the height of step b as parent propagation second filial, by some generations of such circulatory purification, can obtain gill opening freedom genetic stability, the good Hong Kong oyster new lines of phenotypic character.
2. Hong Kong oyster producing method for seed take gill opening freedom as mark according to claim 1, is characterized in that, some on behalf of 1～2 generation described in step c.
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101617640A (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2010-01-06 | 中国海洋大学 | Seed production method of crassostrea gigas mantle pure breeding strains |
| CN101642064A (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2010-02-10 | 中国海洋大学 | Seed producing method for obtaining hybrid advantage of crassostrea gigas |
| JP3161633U (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2010-08-05 | 日本漁場システム株式会社 | Molded body for fishing ground facilities |
| CN101990854A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-03-30 | 中国海洋大学 | Breeding method of pure color breeding line of pacific oyster shells |
| CN103141472A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-06-12 | 广西壮族自治区水产研究所 | Ultra-low-temperature freezing preservation and activation method for Hong Kong oyster sperm |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101642064A (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2010-02-10 | 中国海洋大学 | Seed producing method for obtaining hybrid advantage of crassostrea gigas |
| CN101617640A (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2010-01-06 | 中国海洋大学 | Seed production method of crassostrea gigas mantle pure breeding strains |
| JP3161633U (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2010-08-05 | 日本漁場システム株式会社 | Molded body for fishing ground facilities |
| CN101990854A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-03-30 | 中国海洋大学 | Breeding method of pure color breeding line of pacific oyster shells |
| CN103141472A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-06-12 | 广西壮族自治区水产研究所 | Ultra-low-temperature freezing preservation and activation method for Hong Kong oyster sperm |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 王清印等: "《海水养殖生物的细胞工程育种》", 28 February 2007, 海洋出版社, article "牡蛎的遗传改良技术", pages: 208-223 * |
| 肖述等: "养殖牡蛎的选择育种研究与实践", 《水产学报》, vol. 32, no. 2, 31 March 2008 (2008-03-31), pages 287 - 295 * |
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