CN103739314A - Preparation method of functional bacteria for fast and thorough decomposition of straws - Google Patents
Preparation method of functional bacteria for fast and thorough decomposition of straws Download PDFInfo
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- CN103739314A CN103739314A CN201310701670.1A CN201310701670A CN103739314A CN 103739314 A CN103739314 A CN 103739314A CN 201310701670 A CN201310701670 A CN 201310701670A CN 103739314 A CN103739314 A CN 103739314A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of functional bacteria for fast and thorough decomposition of straws. The preparation method comprises the steps of firstly, putting liquid-fermented functional bacteria into an amino acid and a polypeptide mixture to perform primary solid fermentation; then putting the fermentation product into a thoroughly decomposed compost to perform secondary solid fermentation; and finally, performing low-temperature drying. An established process for secondary solid gradual fermentation of a microbial organic fertilizer ensures that the number of the functional bacteria in a product exceeds a national standard, and the functional bacteria can quickly germinate, realize field planting and come into play. By adopting the preparation method disclosed by the invention, a screening technology system is created by aiming at thorough decomposition conditions of the straws, so that various functional bacteria for fast and thorough decomposition of the straws can be obtained by screening, more attentions are paid to research the compatibility of the best organic carriers of different functional bacteria, technical and product supports are provided for development of efficient agriculture, and the sustainable development of the efficient agriculture in China is effectively guaranteed; the development of the new and developing environmental protection industry is promoted, and the preparation method particularly plays a leading role in development of the agricultural microbial resource industry of China.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Returning Application of Crop Straw technical field, relate in particular to a kind of preparation method of function yeast of quick composting stalk.
Background technology
Straw-returning, guarantees that soil is with supporting combination, is to maintain basic that Chinese traditional agriculture procreation in 5,000 years does not wane, and is also one of global arable land maintenance pattern of carrying out.
China is large agricultural country, and stalk storage is abundant, approximately produces every year according to statistics the agricultural wastes such as 7.2 hundred million tons of rice field stalks, as by these development utilizations in addition, not only can build up a powerful nation and make the people rich, all right maintenance soil, more likely makes by this technology the industry that becomes high added value.
This year, general office of the Ministry of Finance of general office of the Ministry of Agriculture promotes subsidy project implementation instruction > > about printing and distributing the < < soil organism in 2012, for promoting rice field straw decomposition into field on a large scale, for developing organic technology of becoming thoroughly decomposed, provide a good development opportunity.
Existing more than the 50 year history of straw decomposing inoculant research and development both at home and abroad, but straw decomposing inoculant is always bad during fashion at the effect in field, make straw decomposing inoculant industry there is no all the time healthy growing up, the reason of searching to the bottom is mainly the screening that straw decomposing inoculant in the past is only focused on functional microorganism bacterial classification, overwhelming majority product is microbial inoculum, and there is no suitable organic carrier, external bacterial classification has arrived in soil owing to there is no suitable effective organotrophy, in soil, wither away very soon, let alone play a role.
At present, how to screen can the function yeast of quick composting stalk and the compatibility of the best organic carrier of difference in functionality bacterium, sprouting faster, field planting and play a role and be still a great problem that hampers modern agricultural development after the function yeast that how to realize the stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is manured into soil.
Summary of the invention
The object of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of function yeast of quick composting stalk, the straw decomposing method that is intended to solve current obstruction agricultural development is immature, how to screen can the function yeast of quick composting stalk and the compatibility of the best organic carrier of difference in functionality bacterium, sprouting faster after the function yeast that how to realize the stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is manured into soil, field planting and the problem playing a role.
The embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of preparation method of function yeast of quick composting stalk, and preparation method's step of the function yeast of this quick composting stalk is as follows:
To in the function yeast access amino acid of liquid fermenting and polypeptide mixture, carry out solid fermentation for the first time;
In the matured compost of tunning access for the first time, carry out solid fermentation for the second time;
Enter cryodrying;
After dry, product is manured into soil, and function yeast is sprouted, field planting.
Further, by carrying out the fermentation time of solid fermentation for the first time in the function yeast access amino acid of liquid fermenting and polypeptide mixture, be 3-4 days.
Further, the time of solid fermentation is 4-5 days for the second time.
Further, microbial organic fertilizer secondary solid ferment step by step after in product function yeast quantity surpass national standard.
The preparation method of the function yeast of quick composting stalk provided by the invention is become thoroughly decomposed and has been created triage techniques system for stalk field; be separated to series function bacterial strain; proposed take amino acid fertilizer as function yeast nutrition carrier; activate soil microorganisms; solid organic castoff is developed into the microbial organic fertilizer of high added value, there is the dual function of development high-efficiency agriculture and environment protection.
In addition, the present invention has obtained the method for Fish hybrid method measuring ability bacterium quantity, and bacillus spore wall is complicated, and poor permeability, has hindered entering of oligonucleotide probe, has limited the application of fluorescence in situ hybridization.Use for reference the research that gemma is sprouted, applied chemistry pre-treatment of the present invention and sprouting pre-treatment, strengthen the perviousness of bacillus polymyxa gemma, successfully carried out the fluorescence in situ hybridization of bacillus polymyxa SQR21, for the variation characteristic of monitoring function bacterium gemma in fertilizer storage process provides Fast Detection Technique.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is preparation method's schema of the function yeast of quick composting stalk provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the affect schematic diagram of interpolation straw decomposing primer-detonator provided by the invention on straw decomposing temperature.
Fig. 3 is the fluorescence in situ hybridization detection result of P. polymyxa SQR21 in pig manure provided by the invention.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows preparation method's the flow process of the function yeast of quick composting stalk provided by the invention.For convenience of explanation, only show part related to the present invention.
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, application principle of the present invention is further described.
(1) obtain in microbial organic fertilizer compost (raw material) rapidly and efficiently composting process and support equipment thereof
1. composting process and equipment research achievement
According to incompletely statistics, 7 Nian Qian Jiangsu Province fertilizer enterprises have family more than 30, but do not have an annual output to reach ten thousand tons of enterprises above, exist compost level of industrial technology backwardness, low, the small and scattered feature of compost mechanization degree.
The embodiment of the present invention is by the investigation of going abroad, study, successively having carried out shallow-slot type has bar to cut the different compost model studys of aerobic fermentation with deep slot type aerobic fermentation, static forced-ventilation formula compost, slot-less, has obtained to take slot-less and have bar to cut aerobic fermentation as the highest composting mode of composting efficiency.
This turnover throwing machine salient features and proterties are improved as follows: A, reduction energy waste, further improve and turn over throwing efficiency.B, further improve reliability, strengthen weather resistance.C, further improved safety coefficient.Be designed with baffle plate material guiding device, prevent that at turnover throwing machine, just having carried out bar buttress formula turns over materials from spattering while throwing and hurt sb.'s feelings.D, accelerated to turn over scattering and disappearing of compost material steam in throwing process.
2. straw decomposing bacterial classification achievement in research
Screen bacterial strain strain more than 20 of fast decoupled xylogen, Mierocrystalline cellulose and hemicellulose, wherein screen 1 strain decomposition of cellulose ability extra-heavy (enzyme 500u/g alive) and the good fungi that can grow under high temperature (60 ℃), by the compatibility of the cooperation of different stalks and straw decomposing bacterial classification is studied, compost whole process temperature variation after the agent of monitoring interpolation different initiation, develop microorganism primer-detonator 5 covers that are suitable for various straw decomposing fertilizer, use this primer-detonator that straw decomposing temperature can be reached more than 70 ℃ in 48 hours, in 15 days, become thoroughly decomposed completely.Detonation Initiation Effect is than high 15% left and right of domestic like product, and the compost microbe bacterial classification that this technical products makes to advance into for 7 years Jiangsu is ten thousand yuan/ton of 3-5, drops to current 5000-7000 yuan/ton.The straw decomposing technique temperature that can make to become thoroughly decomposed of development is just warming up to more than 70 ℃ for 48 hours, maintains all the time 60 ℃ above (Fig. 2) later, guarantees that compost became thoroughly decomposed completely in 15 days.
(2) obtain amino acid bio reparation technology in microbial organic fertilizer
For China's agricultural amino acid fertilizer, all with strong acid, be hydrolyzed grouts, then the easy carbonization of product that highly basic neutralization causes and the reality of production process contaminate environment, screen bacterial strain 2 strains of efficient extracellular proteinase, and obtain the fermentation of this strain liquid and solid is hydrolyzed technique and the technical parameter thereof that grouts become amino acid and polypeptide, the yield of amino acid and polypeptide mixture reaches 50%, for China's agricultural amino acid fertilizer biology, produces technical matters is provided.Carrier with this mixture as microbial organic fertilizer solid fermentation (5 days), can obtain the density of function yeast 109CFU/g, than 2 orders of magnitude of acidolysis mixing object height, this is that the aminoacid mixture of producing acquisition due to biology is high to the suitability of function yeast growth more than acid hydrolysate.Equivalent biology is produced mixture than all significantly volume increase on 6 kinds of cash crop of equivalent acidolysis mixture, on average increases production more than 20%.
Straw decomposing microbial organic fertilizer accumulative total is promoted 1,000 ten thousand mu, and peasant uses rear average volume increase more than 20% (growth-promoting effect), 12,600,000,000 yuan of social benefits (peasant's synergy).
Dissolve 1,000 ten thousand tons of stalks of accumulative total, have significantly improved China's ecotope; Accumulative total reduces 2,000,000 tons of fertilizer amounts, amounts to 2,400,000,000 yuan of Renminbi, effectively reduces pollution of area source.
The present invention provides the support of technology and product for development high-efficiency agriculture, effective guarantee the Sustainable development of China's high-efficiency agriculture; Driven the development of emerging environmental protection industry; China's fertilizer industry structure is adjusted to chemical fertilizer and organic (class) fertilizer the type of depositing from pure fertilizer type technical guarantee is provided, especially development China agricultural Microbial resources industry is played to leading action.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a preparation method for the function yeast of quick composting stalk, is characterized in that, preparation method's step of the function yeast of this quick composting stalk is as follows:
To in the function yeast access amino acid of liquid fermenting and polypeptide mixture, carry out solid fermentation for the first time;
In the matured compost of tunning access for the first time, carry out solid fermentation for the second time;
Enter cryodrying;
After dry, product is manured into soil, and function yeast is sprouted, field planting.
2. the preparation method of the function yeast of quick composting stalk as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, by carrying out the fermentation time of solid fermentation for the first time in the function yeast access amino acid of liquid fermenting and polypeptide mixture, is 3-4 days.
3. the preparation method of the function yeast of quick composting stalk as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the time of solid fermentation is 4-5 days for the second time.
4. the preparation method of the function yeast of quick composting stalk as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, microbial organic fertilizer secondary solid ferment step by step after in product function yeast quantity surpass national standard.
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| CN105801210A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-07-27 | 南京农业大学 | Method for directly preparing fertilizer by using straws and prepared straw organic fertilizer |
| CN109160862A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-08 | 湖南泰谷生态工程有限公司 | A kind of amino acid bio-organic fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113475352A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-10-08 | 嘉兴学院 | Seedling raising substrate and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102617203A (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2012-08-01 | 南京农业大学 | Method for producing microbial organic fertilizer by utilizing poultry feathers and product thereof |
| CN103275892A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-09-04 | 南京农业大学 | Antagonism actinomycetes for preventing and killing continuous cropping cucumber fusarium wilt and microorganism organic fertilizer with antagonism actinomycetes |
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| CN105801210A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-07-27 | 南京农业大学 | Method for directly preparing fertilizer by using straws and prepared straw organic fertilizer |
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| CN113475352A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-10-08 | 嘉兴学院 | Seedling raising substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN113475352B (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2023-02-24 | 嘉兴学院 | Seedling raising substrate and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140423 |
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