CN103734063A - Abalone-alga symbiotic cultivation method and pond - Google Patents
Abalone-alga symbiotic cultivation method and pond Download PDFInfo
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- CN103734063A CN103734063A CN201410037185.3A CN201410037185A CN103734063A CN 103734063 A CN103734063 A CN 103734063A CN 201410037185 A CN201410037185 A CN 201410037185A CN 103734063 A CN103734063 A CN 103734063A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to an abalone-alga symbiotic cultivation method and pond. Abalone is cultivated in sea water or saline water; an attachment frame for cultivating algae is disposed below the water surface; the algae for the abalone to feed on are spread on the attachment frame. The abalone-alga symbiotic cultivation method and pond has the advantages that abalone-alga symbiotic growth is achieved, the good effect that water, which is not changed in long-term use, never deteriorates is achieved, the algae and the abalone can both grow at the optimal growth speed, and the application of the method as compared to the traditional culture mode depending on natural conditions, abalone growth cycle can be shortened and cultivation cost can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Bao algae symbiosis cultural method and culturing pool thereof.
Background technology
The problem of existing abalone culture technology and defect: growing seedlings of current abalone can realize in continental rise cement pit, but conventionally a day quantity of exchanged water reach 600% or more than, to water resource and the energy, be a waste greatly.And forming of abalone raised in cages in natural waters conventionally, limited by natural environment, very risky, as the impact of the natural calamities such as typhoon red tide; And growth cycle is long, conventionally need cultivation just can go on the market above for 2 years; Summer, higher water temperature also easily caused the death of abalone and the outburst of disease.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to for a kind of Bao algae symbiosis cultural method and culturing pool thereof are provided, the method and culturing pool are not only realized the common growth of abalone and marine alga, reach and need not change water for a long time and water body can not worsen rotten good result, and make marine alga and abalone all in optimum growth rate, the aquaculture model of tradition dependence natural conditions can shorten abalone growth cycle relatively, has reduced aquaculture cost.
Bao algae symbiosis cultural method in marine site of the present invention: abalone breeding in seawater or salt solution, approaching the attaching frame that is provided for cultivating seaweed below the water surface, on attaching frame upper berth, be placed with the marine alga that can ingest for abalone.This method is comparatively practical in the cultivation of natural marine site.
Indoor Bao algae symbiosis cultural method of the present invention: abalone breeding in seawater or salt solution, approaching the attaching frame that is provided for cultivating seaweed below the water surface, on attaching frame upper berth, be placed with the marine alga that can ingest for abalone, described attaching frame is placed in Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, and described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool water surface top is provided with the lighting apparatus by time controller control.
Although indoor Bao algae symbiosis cultural method of the present invention is suitable for high density industrial aquaculture, but due to the reasonability of Bao algae symbiosis, the excreta of abalone can be decomposed and absorb by macro, and by artificial regulatory stationary temperature and illumination, thereby promoted on the one hand the growth of algae, on the other hand can natural deduction in water body go out to be applicable to the stable water body biological structure of this ecotope, make water body there is natural self-purification capacity, in addition the foundation of bio-diversity in water body, water body has again the effect of natural disease resistance, so not only can accomplish in breeding process not change water and change less water, with medicine, do not destroy water body biological structure, and the algae of symbiosis can be used as again the foodstuff of abalone.This cultural method had both been saved water resource, and owing to not changing water, can maintain stable water temperature, had saved in a large number and had added gentle cooling energy consumption, had reduced production cost; The biological structure of Simultaneous Stabilization has suppressed the large-scale outbreak of damage by disease and insect, is conducive to the production of non-harmful product.
Accompanying drawing explanation
?fig. 1 is Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool organigram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool of the present invention is used view.
Fig. 3 is the symbiosis of Bao algae described in the present invention culturing pool, filtering ponds, clarifier-tank connection organigram.(lighting apparatus, automatic temperature control system and the air pump of the control of erasing time controller in figure).
Fig. 4 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the C-C cutaway view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is automatic temperature control system organigram of the present invention.
?in Fig. 2,20 is that algae (marine alga or sea-tangle) 21 is abalone.
Embodiment
Bao algae symbiosis cultural method of the present invention is as follows: abalone breeding in seawater or salt solution, approaching the attaching frame that is provided for cultivating seaweed below the water surface, on attaching frame upper berth, be placed with the marine alga that can ingest for abalone, described attaching frame is placed in Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, and described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool water surface top is provided with the lighting apparatus by time controller control.
In order to realize the suitable environment in culturing pool, the temperature control of described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, at 15-20 ℃, is equipped with stainless steel hot waterpipe at the bottom of described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, and stainless steel cold water pipes is laid in described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool middle and upper part.
In order to realize the water temperature in automation control culturing pool, described stainless steel hot waterpipe is the circulation stainless steel hot waterpipe being heated by air-source water heater, described stainless steel cold water pipes is the circulation stainless steel cold water pipes cooling by cooling-water machine, in described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, be provided with temperature controller, described temperature controller is through intelligent controller control air-source water heater or cooling-water machine work, when pond water temperature is lower than cultivation during lowest temperature, temperature controller is started working to air-source water heater transmitted signal through intelligent controller, after water temperature arrives Chi Shui cultivation temperature, temperature controller sends silence signal through intelligent controller to air-source water heater, when pond water temperature is higher than cultivation during lowest temperature, temperature controller is started working to cooling-water machine transmitted signal through intelligent controller, and after water temperature arrives Chi Shui cultivation temperature, temperature controller sends silence signal through intelligent controller to cooling-water machine.
In order to make to keep optimum water quality in culturing pool, utilize compact submersible pump by the pond water suction filtering ponds of Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, in filtering ponds, place filter cotton and biomembrane, remove the suspended impurity in culturing pool; Water body in filtering ponds passes through siphon principle, enter clarifier-tank, in clarifier-tank, place the attaching frame for cultivating seaweed, both played the effect purifying water, the growth of tangleweed simultaneously also can be used for throwing the abalone of cultivation, and the water body overflow of clarifier-tank enters Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool.
In order to meet abalone and the algae demand to oxygen and the heat insulation effect of culturing pool, use air pump toward inflation in 24 hours in Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, described culturing pool is arranged in the greenhouse that insulation material builds.
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 embodiment of the present invention, also comprise Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool 1, in described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, be provided with marine alga attaching frame 2, described marine alga attaching frame below is provided with abalone frame 3.
Described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool 1 top is provided with the lighting apparatus 4 by time controller control, and described abalone frame 3 is built with horizontal line plate 6 is staggered by longitudinal plate 5.
Described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool is connected with microcirculation water treatment system, described microcirculation water treatment system comprises filtering ponds 7 and clarifier-tank 8, described filtering ponds 7 are provided with the immersible pump 9 being connected with Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool 1, the interior placement filter cotton 10 of described filtering ponds 7 and biomembrane 11, described filtering ponds 7 are connected with clarifier-tank 8 by siphon piping 12, in clarifier-tank 8, be placed with the attaching frame 2 for cultivating seaweed, the water body overflow of clarifier-tank 8 enters Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool 1.
At the bottom of described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, be equipped with stainless steel hot waterpipe 13, stainless steel cold water pipes 14 is laid in described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool middle and upper part, the circulation stainless steel hot waterpipe of described stainless steel hot waterpipe 13 for being heated by air-source water heater 15, described stainless steel cold water pipes 14 is the circulation stainless steel cold water pipes cooling by cooling-water machine 16, in described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool 1, be provided with temperature controller 17, described temperature controller 17 is controlled air-source water heater 15 or cooling-water machine 16 is worked through intelligent controller 18, described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool 1 is connected with air pump 19, described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool is arranged in the greenhouse that insulation material builds.
Above-mentioned greenhouse adopts the good material of heat-insulating property as sandwich color steel plate construction, and surrounding body of wall and roof all adopt insulation material, have automatic control system for lighting, therefore not daylighting of greenhouse due to indoor.Adopt sandwich color steel plate as building materials, with low cost, good effect of heat insulation, can pin indoor heat winter, and can stop outdoor heat summer, plays effect cool in summer and warm in winter.The energy consumption that indoor automatic temperature control system can be effectively saved in the good greenhouse of heat insulating effect, saves production cost.
In order to increase the yield per unit area, realize batch production high-density breeding, every square metre of water surface is formed the about 15kg of abalone, according to abalone day food ration be about body weight 10% for reference to placing the quantity of tangleweed, make the speed of the tangleweed growth of placing approximate or be greater than the food ration of abalone, to cultivation later stage abalone body weight, increase after food ration increasing, can consider to win macro and throw something and feed from clarifier-tank.Tangleweed is selected the algae such as sea-tangle and asparagus.
Most preferred embodiment of the present invention, is issuing placement marine alga attaching frame apart from the about 5cm of the water surface, attaching frame can adopt plastics or coating iron wire material.In attaching frame, hang tangleweed, only make part marine alga contact " well " font abalone behaviour area, make normal growth limit, marine alga limit provide abalone to ingest.The normal growth of marine alga, not only for abalone provides food, has also purified water quality.
" well " font abalone behaviour area can adopt plastic plate to make, and the tangleweed that the vertical clapboard of the structure of " well " font can make abalone touch suspension is ingested, and diaphragm plate provides the place of hiding and perching for abalone.
Microcirculation water treatment system of the present invention mainly plays suspension and separates and the effect of purification of water quality, utilize immersible pump from a section of Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool by small-sized pond water suction filtering ponds, internal circulating load is about 50%/hour.In filtering ponds, place filter cotton and biomembrane, the suspension in filter cotton filtering breeding water body, on biomembrane, the microorganism of natural deduction can play the effect purifying water.Filtering ponds are connected with U-shaped pipe with clarifier-tank, make water body siphon in the filtering ponds bottom to clarifier-tank, after completing natural subsidence, from clarifier-tank top, overflow back Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, in clarifier-tank, hang macro, when purifying water, also can be used as the food source of abalone.
Because warm water can upwards flow, at the bottom of Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, lay stainless steel hot waterpipe, adopt air-source water heater to carry out water-heating.Cold water can flow downward, and lays stainless steel cold water pipes in Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool middle and upper part, adopts cooling-water machine to carry out water-cooled cooling.Water heater and cooling-water machine hot water and cold water out all circulates in airtight stainless steel pipes, can not cause interference to breeding water body.According to abalone and the suitableeest growth temperature of macro, temperature of cultivation can be controlled to 15～20 ℃, in different seasons, select air energy hydrophone or cooling-water machine, the leaving water temperature of regulation and control machine, can realize automation control temperature of cultivation.
Above Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool and in microcirculation water treatment system, above clarifier-tank, evenly place lighting apparatus as electricity-saving lamp, control water surface illumination and be about 1000lux, electricity-saving lamp switch is connected with timer (being time controller), every day, automatic control light shone 12 hours and dark 12 hours, met equably the circadian rhythm of macro photosynthesis and respiratory needs and abalone.
Adopt air pump, micropore gas stone is installed, make the gas stone 24 hours uninterrupted aerations at the bottom of pond that distribute equably, make water body dissolved oxygen be greater than 5mg/L, meet abalone and the algae demand to oxygen.The CO that aeration brings
2met the demand of algal grown to carbon source.
Although this Bao algae symbiosis batch production controlled ecological cultivating system is greater than traditional abalone natural waters aquaculture model on infrastructure drops into, and has evaded the natural calamity in sea area, has reduced cultivation risk, has improved the survival rate of abalone.Owing to adopting temperature control cultivation, both reduced the abalone death loss that natural waters cultivation Yin Gaowen causes, and also shortened the production cycle, tradition relies on the forming more than 2 years of sea area abalone breeding of natural climate condition, and cultivate by temperature control, can shorten the growth cycle of about half.Because this system adopts, do not change the aquaculture management principle of water, do not need to consume the too many energy, then coordinate the good greenhouse of thermal and insulating performance therefore will maintain constant water temperature, the cost of temperature control is very low.Comprehensive above some measuring and calculating, adopt this system abalone breeding, saved bait cost, shortened the production cycle, improved the survival rate of abalone, the production cost of per kilogram abalone is about 1/2 of traditional aquaculture model, and because this system water saving is energy-conservation, few medicine that uses, to environment zero-emission, therefore also has great ecological benefits and social benefit.
Claims (10)
1. a Bao algae symbiosis cultural method, is characterized in that: abalone breeding in seawater or salt solution, approaching the attaching frame that is provided for cultivating seaweed below the water surface, and on attaching frame upper berth, be placed with the marine alga that can ingest for abalone.
2. Bao algae symbiosis cultural method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described attaching frame is placed in Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, and described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool water surface top is provided with the lighting apparatus by time controller control.
3. Bao algae symbiosis cultural method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the temperature control of described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool is at 15-20 ℃, at the bottom of described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, be equipped with stainless steel hot waterpipe, stainless steel cold water pipes is laid in described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool middle and upper part.
4. according to the Bao algae symbiosis cultural method described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: described stainless steel hot waterpipe is the circulation stainless steel hot waterpipe being heated by air-source water heater, described stainless steel cold water pipes is the circulation stainless steel cold water pipes cooling by cooling-water machine, in described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, be provided with temperature controller, described temperature controller is through intelligent controller control air-source water heater or cooling-water machine work, when pond water temperature is lower than cultivation during lowest temperature, temperature controller is started working to air-source water heater transmitted signal air-source water heater through intelligent controller, after water temperature arrives Chi Shui cultivation temperature, temperature controller quits work to air-source water heater transmitted signal air-source water heater through intelligent controller, when pond water temperature is higher than cultivation during temperature upper limit, temperature controller is started working to cooling-water machine transmitted signal cooling-water machine through intelligent controller, and after water temperature drops to Chi Shui cultivation temperature, temperature controller quits work to cooling-water machine transmitted signal cooling-water machine through intelligent controller.
5. according to the Bao algae symbiosis cultural method described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: utilize compact submersible pump by the small-sized filtering ponds of pond water suction of Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, in filtering ponds, place filter cotton and biomembrane, remove the suspended impurity in culturing pool; Water body in filtering ponds passes through siphon principle, enter small-sized clarifier-tank, in clarifier-tank, place the attaching frame for cultivating seaweed, both played the effect purifying water, the growth of tangleweed simultaneously also can be used for throwing the abalone of cultivation, and the water body overflow of clarifier-tank enters Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool.
6. Bao algae symbiosis cultural method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: use air pump within 24 hours, to inflate in Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, meet the demand of the abalone of high-density breeding and the breathing of marine alga and carbon source, described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool is arranged in the greenhouse that insulation material builds.
7. Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: comprise Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, in described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, be provided with marine alga attaching frame, described marine alga attaching frame below is provided with abalone frame.
8. Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool water surface top is provided with the lighting apparatus by time controller control, and described abalone frame is interlocked and built by longitudinal plate and level board.
9. Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool is connected with microcirculation water treatment system, described microcirculation water treatment system comprises filtering ponds and clarifier-tank, in described filtering ponds, place filter cotton and biomembrane, described filtering ponds are connected with small-sized clarifier-tank by siphon piping, in clarifier-tank, be placed with the attaching frame for cultivating seaweed, the water body overflow of clarifier-tank enters Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool.
10. Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: at the bottom of described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, be equipped with stainless steel hot waterpipe, stainless steel cold water pipes is laid in described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool middle and upper part, described stainless steel hot waterpipe is the circulation stainless steel hot waterpipe being heated by air-source water heater, described stainless steel cold water pipes is the circulation stainless steel cold water pipes cooling by cooling-water machine, in described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool, be provided with temperature controller, described temperature controller is through intelligent controller control air-source water heater or cooling-water machine work, described Bao algae symbiosis culturing pool is connected with air pump, described culturing pool is arranged in the greenhouse that insulation material builds.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN104273022A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-01-14 | 盐城海瑞食品有限公司 | Porphyra yezoensis seedling cultivating temperature-control water-circulation centralized radiating device |
| CN104429882A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-03-25 | 浙江海洋学院 | Pre-seedling-growing algae cultivation assembly |
| CN104756910A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-07-08 | 深圳市龙科源水产养殖有限公司 | Dual-network three-dimensional cultivating system for abalones and algae and cultivating method thereof |
| CN106106284A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-16 | 淮南市农康生态农业有限公司 | A kind of Carnis Haliotidis and algae cat net stero cultural method |
| CN108277155A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-07-13 | 江苏大学 | A kind of algae culture pond |
| CN109757355A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2019-05-17 | 台湾中油股份有限公司 | Phytoplankton & Suspension cultural method and equipment |
| WO2020132760A1 (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-02 | Universidad Andrés Bello | Inclined culture system and method for spore resuspension for the spore culture of red algae |
| CN112056247A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-12-11 | 深圳市龙科源水产养殖有限公司 | In-situ ecological breeding method and breeding system thereof |
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| CN104429882A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-03-25 | 浙江海洋学院 | Pre-seedling-growing algae cultivation assembly |
| CN104273022A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-01-14 | 盐城海瑞食品有限公司 | Porphyra yezoensis seedling cultivating temperature-control water-circulation centralized radiating device |
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| CN109757355A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2019-05-17 | 台湾中油股份有限公司 | Phytoplankton & Suspension cultural method and equipment |
| CN108277155A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-07-13 | 江苏大学 | A kind of algae culture pond |
| WO2020132760A1 (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-02 | Universidad Andrés Bello | Inclined culture system and method for spore resuspension for the spore culture of red algae |
| CN112056247A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-12-11 | 深圳市龙科源水产养殖有限公司 | In-situ ecological breeding method and breeding system thereof |
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| CN103734063B (en) | 2015-11-18 |
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